Abstract: An authentication method is applied to a first network function, and includes: receiving a first message, wherein the first message is used to trigger an authentication procedure for a first terminal, wherein the first terminal is a terminal that accesses a first serving network and a second serving network respectively through different access types; and determining a second network function or a third network function as a fourth network function for triggering the authentication procedure, wherein the second network function is a network function of the first serving network, and the third network function is a network function of the second serving network.

Abstract: An information processing method, performed by a user equipment (UE). The method comprises: sending a first request message to a first network device, in which the first request message includes identification information for identifying the UE; and receiving a first response message from the first network device, in which the first response message includes a security key for protecting a positioning broadcast message.

Abstract: A communication method based on network slicing, performed by a first network device, comprising: receiving a first request sent from a second network device, wherein the first request is used to request the first network device to process a network slice admission control (NSAC) request related to a number of terminals corresponding to first single network slice selection assistance information (S-NSSAI); and verifying at least one of: whether a total number of terminals registered to a network slice corresponding to the first S-NSSAI reaches a first quota; or whether a proportion of terminals registered to the network slice corresponding to the first S-NSSAI reaches a second quota.

Abstract: A high entropy oxide composition comprises: (i) a first oxide having a formula (I): wherein x is in a range of 0 to less than 3, wherein each of M1, M2, M3, M4, and M5 comprise cations of a different transition metal, and M6 is nothing or at least one additional cation different from M1, M2, M3, M4, and M5, wherein the first oxide has a first phase structure, and (ii) a second oxide having a formula (II): wherein y is in a range of 0 to less than 2, wherein each of M7, M8, M9, M10, and M11 comprise cations of one of the different transition metals, and M12 comprises nothing or at least one additional cation different from M7, M8, M9, M10, and M11, wherein the second oxide has a second phase structure.

Abstract: A method for generating a datagram transport layer security (DTLS) pre-master secret includes: receiving a DTLS message sent by a terminal, in which the DTLS message includes one or more pre-shared key (PSK) identities supported by the terminal; selecting a PSK identity from the one or more PSK identities supported by the terminal; obtaining a key according to the selected PSK identity; and generating a DTLS pre-master secret according to the obtained key.

Abstract: A system and method for secure information processing in direct communication scenarios involving user equipment (UE) devices, including first, relay, and second UEs. The method enables a first UE to send a direct communication request (DCR) to a relay UE, where the DCR includes privacy information comprising identification information (ID) and, optionally, a relay service code (RSC), both encrypted using a key stream derived from a key and parameters such as time-based counters, bearer information, direction indicators, or message length. The relay UE decrypts the received DCR, compares the extracted ID and/or RSC with stored values, and conditionally establishes or aborts a direct communication interface (PC5 link) with the first UE. The relay UE may then forward a second DCR to a second UE, using a similarly encrypted ID and optional RSC. The described techniques enhance privacy and authentication in decentralized UE-to-UE communication environments.

Abstract: A message verification method, applied to a network device, includes: receiving one or more pre-shared key (PSK) identities sent by a terminal via a datagram transport layer security (DTLS); selecting a PSK identity from the one or more PSK identities and obtaining a key based on the PSK identity selected; sending information related to the PSK identity selected to the terminal; and receiving a message authentication code sent by the terminal and verifying the message authentication code according to the key.

Abstract: Scale inhibitor compositions that include at least one polyalkyl phosphonated polyol ether. A method of inhibiting scale that includes contacting an aqueous fluid with a scale inhibitor composition comprising at least one polyalkyl phosphonated polyol ether.

Abstract: An image display method may be applied to the field of electronic devices. The method includes: obtaining a first window and a second window on a first interface, where the first window is a focus window, and the second window is a non-focus window; drawing the first window in a first frame buffer, and drawing the second window in a second frame buffer, where the first window and the second window are drawn by a process of an operating system; compositing the first frame buffer through a first hardware interface layer to obtain a first composite frame, and compositing the second frame buffer through a second hardware interface layer to obtain a second composite frame; and controlling, based on the first composite frame and the second composite frame, a display apparatus to display a second interface.

Abstract: An information processing method is executed by a user equipment (UE), and includes: sending a first request message to a first network device, wherein the first request message comprises a group identifier (ID) and a service code of a ranging/sidelink (SL) positioning application, and receiving a first response message of the first network device, wherein the first response message includes a security key used for protecting an groupcast message associated when the UE performs the ranging/sidelink (SL) positioning application.

Abstract: Exemplary methods for detecting substrate slippage include sweeping a first sensor and a second sensor of an in-situ monitoring system across the substrate as the substrate undergoes polishing with a rotatable platen. A first sequence of signal values from the first sensor and a second sequence of signal values from the second sensor include a signal strength relative to the thickness of the layer. For each signal value of at least some of the first sequence of signal values and second sequence of signal values, the method may include determining a first and second position on the substrate respective. The method may also include activating a slippage alert if: the signal strength varies by 30% or more from the first sequence of signal values to the second sequence of signal values, a position on the substrate for the second signal value cannot be determined, or a combination thereof.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides methods and systems for path planning. The methods may include obtaining posture information of a moveable subject and a path map. The moveable subject may be located at a current position in the path map and plan to go to a target position in the path map, the path map may include path nodes and path segments, and each of the path segments may connect two path nodes of the path nodes. The methods may include determining, based on the posture information of the moveable subject, one or more target path segments from the path segments in the path map. The methods may also include determining one or more candidate starting nodes based on the one or more target path segments. The methods may further include determining a target starting node from the one or more candidate starting nodes.

Abstract: A method for transmission of a network identifier, performed by a first entity, includes: determining networks currently accessed by a terminal; and sending network identifiers of two networks currently accessed by the terminal to a second entity.

Abstract: A security processing method for relay communication, performed by a user equipment (UE), is provided. The security processing method includes: determining a first key related to a relay service code (RSC); and performing UE-to-UE (U2U) relay communication according to the first key.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to the field of communications, and provides a sidelink communication method and device. The method comprises: receiving a direct communication request, wherein the direct communication request comprises a Layer 2 identifier and encrypted information for sidelink communication; according to the Layer 2 identifier, determining a security key used for decrypting the encrypted information; and using the security key to decrypt the encrypted information to facilitate sidelink communication. Therefore, secure sidelink communication can be achieved.

Abstract: A negotiation method, performed by a network device, includes: receiving a user equipment (UE) capability indication of a UE for a satellite access, and providing network indication information to the UE based on the UE indication. The UE capability indication of the UE for the satellite access indicates at least one of the following capabilities: supporting a discontinuous coverage for the satellite access; supporting sending a power-saving parameter and a non-access stratum (NAS) timer; supporting sending satellite coverage information related to the UE; supporting a random communication before an imminent loss of a satellite coverage; or supporting a delayed communication after a restoration of a satellite coverage.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides an underwater helicopter with cycloidal rim vector propulsion. The underwater helicopter includes a disc-shaped underwater helicopter hull, a rim driving mechanism, paddles and rotation adjusting mechanisms. The rim driving mechanism is annular, and the diameter size of the rim driving mechanism is matched with the circumference size of the disc-shaped underwater helicopter hull. The rim driving mechanism is fixedly installed in a cavity in the circumference of the disc-shaped underwater helicopter hull. The rotation adjusting mechanisms are uniformly and fixedly installed on the outer side of the rim driving mechanism. The paddle is fixedly connected with the rotation adjusting mechanism.

Abstract: A memory processing unit (MPU) includes processing regions and a first memory having memory regions configured in memory blocks. The processing regions are interleaved between the memory regions and include core groups including compute cores. One or more of the core groups of a respective one of the processing regions are coupled between adjacent ones of the memory blocks of adjacent ones of the memory regions. Components of the MPU and dataflow between adjacent compute cores in respective ones of the processing regions through one or more corresponding memory blocks of corresponding memory regions, are configured based on one or more of an impact of a number of parameters and a number of layers of one or more neural network models on memory balance, core utilization and memory reuse on bandwidth balance, design points, supported operations, target models, and supported memory organizations.

Abstract: A memory processing unit (MPU) can include a first memory, a second memory, a plurality of processing regions and control logic. The first memory can include a plurality of memory regions. The plurality of memory regions can be organized in a plurality of memory blocks. The plurality of processing regions can be interleaved between the plurality of processing regions of the first memory. The plurality of processing regions can be organized in a plurality of core groups include a plurality of compute cores. The compute groups in the processing regions can be coupled to a plurality of adjacent memory blocks in the adjacent memory regions. The second memory can be coupled to the plurality of processing regions.

Abstract: An authorization method, performed by a first device, is provided, and includes: receiving a terminal information provision request, wherein the terminal information provision request comprises first information of a terminal, and the first information of the terminal is provisioned by an application function (AF); determining indication information, wherein the indication information indicates an allowable provision condition for the first information of the terminal; and authorizing, based on the indication information, the AF to perform a provision procedure of the first information.