Abstract: A method and a structure for a converging-type electron-emission source of a field-emission display are disclosed. A substrate is provided, and a silver paste is used to form a first electrode layer on the substrate by the process such as thick-film photolithography or screen-printing. A carbon nanotube is formed on the first electrode layer by thick-film photolithography or screen-printing, and a second electrode is formed on the carbon nanotube. A third electrode layer is formed on the first electrode layer around the second electrode layer by thick-film photolithography or screen-printing. The third electrode layer is higher than the second electrode layer, such that a converging exit is formed around the second electrode layer. A sintering step is performed. When the electron beam is generated, the electron beam is concentrated at the center of the converging exit to impinge a phosphor layer of an anode without causing gamut.

Abstract: A method and a structure for a converging-type electron-emission source of a field-emission display are disclosed. A substrate is provided, and a silver paste is used to form a first electrode layer on the substrate by the process such as thick-film photolithography screen-printing. At least one pit is formed in the first electrode layer by etching, for example. A passivation layer is formed on the first electrode layer around the pit. A second electrode layer is formed in the recess by photolithography or electrophoresis, for example. Preferably, the second electrode layer is formed with a top surface lower than a periphery of the pit, such that a converging opening of the second electrode layer is formed over the second electrode layer. The passivation layer is then removed, followed by a step of sintering process.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method for managing email with analyzing the mail behavior. The method utilizes the mail policies, such as the envelope information and the header information, to verify the transmission data one by one while the agent receives the email. Then, the method performs a corresponding action in accordance with the verified result. When the mail policy is defined as behavior of the spam, the email will be blocked while matched; and when the mail policy is defined as the exempted mail, the email will be delivered while matched. The present invention can achieve the purpose of managing the email communication and blocking the spam, and can improve the communication efficiency and reduce the operation cost.

Abstract: Process for fabricating self-assembled nanoparticles on buffer layers without mask making and allowing for any degree of lattice mismatch; that is, binary, ternary or quaternary nanoparticles comprising Groups III-V, II-VI or IV-VI. The process includes a first step of applying a buffer layer, a second step of turning on the purge gas to modulate the first reactant to the lower first flow rate, then the second reactant is supplied to the buffer layer to form a metal-rich island on the buffer layer, and a third step of turning on purge gas again to modulate the first reactant to the higher second flow rate onto the buffer layer. On the metal-rich island is formed the nanoparticles of the binary, ternary or quaternary III-V, II-VI and IV-IV semiconductor material. This is then recrystallized under the first reactant flow at high temperature forming high quality nanoparticles.

Abstract: A card reading device includes a card-reception base provided with a reception space in size corresponding to a card to be read with a plurality of contact zones, a card-reception zone on a first side thereof, and a fastener-reception zone on a second side thereof; a card reading portion located at the card-reception zone being provided with a plurality of resilient leaves and a flange, in which the resilient leaves are located at the bottom face of the card-reception zone and corresponding to the contact zones, while the flange is disposed in parallel with the transverse direction of the card-reception base; and a push-to-joint portion having its top face extended to form a protruding portion, being located at the fastener-reception zone in parallel with the transverse direction of the card-reception base.

Abstract: A golf club head includes a hollow body with a side hole, a striking face securely connected to the hollow body to cover the side hole, a baffle formed inside the hollow body to be near to a peripheral edge defining the side hole so as to define between the striking face and the baffle a receiving space and a shock absorbing material inserted into the receiving space and securely attached to side walls defining the receiving space.

Abstract: A golf club head includes a hollow body with a heel, a toe, a top, a bottom, a strike plate and a rear portion. A recess is defined at the bottom of the body and extends to the rear portion of the body. A strip is integrated with the body covering the recess. A tab is formed at the rear portion of the body, and has an inlet defined through the tab and in communication with the recess. Vibration-absorbing material is injected into the recess through the inlet. A sealing element is engaged in the inlet to enclose the recess.

Abstract: A developable phosphor coating mixture solution and its manufacturing technique on anodic phosphor layers are described. The anodic phosphor layer of the field emission display is achieved through a silkscreen-printing method copulated with exposure procedure. The process is a simple silkscreen-printing method on an anodic glass substrate. Material features are combined with the manufacturing process to increase the adhesion ability of the phosphor powder on the anodic laminate. The exposure procedure develops high-resolution photography. The simple process and low cost coating can be used in manufacturing glass substrates.

Abstract: A carbon nanotube suspension uses water as the basic solvent added with dispersant, stabilizer, coalescing aid, adhesion promoter, and a carbon nanotube. The basic solvent and the above solutes form a low viscosity solvent with carbon nanotube suspending therein. Therefore, the carbon nanotube suspension is formed to serve as a source material of the electron emission source of a field-emission display. That is, the carbon nanotube can be coated on a surface for forming the carbon nanotube electron-emission layer.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a cathode structure of a field-emission display. Thick-film technique is employed to apply low-cost silver ink and carbon nanotube material on a substrate. By performing sintering process and polishing process on the low-cost ink and carbon nanotube materials, a first and a second electrode layers can be formed on the substrate with thickness lower than 0.1 microns. Further, the planarity of the first and second electrode layers is also enhanced.

Abstract: A method for fabricating an electronic emission source of a field emission display includes to provide a substrate, screen print or lightgraphic etching the laminate to form a cathode electrode layer within the cavities, wherein the surface of the cathode electrode layer fabricates a photoresist by lightgraphy technology, coat a low viscosity carbon nano-tube solution to the surface and depositing it in the cavities, remove the photoresist by vacuum sintering and etching to form an electron emission sources layer having flat surface within the cavities. Comparing with the conventional arts, the present invention is to provide a better flatness, which improves the uniformity of images and brightness. In addition, the present invention enhances the density of Carbon Nano-Tube (“CNT”) and thereby improves the electron density of the electron beams.

Abstract: An FED has a cathode, an anode and an insulating supporting device. The cathode has a plurality of cathode electron emitter layers and a cathode substrate. The cathode has a plurality of cathode ribs disposed on the cathode substrate, and the cathode ribs are used for laterally separating any respective two cathode ribs. The anode has a phosphors layer and an anode substrate. The insulating supporting device is arranged between the cathode ribs and the anode, and has a reflection layer facing the anode and a gate made of a conductive material and disposed above the cathode ribs. The reflection layer is capable of reflecting light emitted from the phosphors layer.

Abstract: An FED has a cathode with a plurality of cathode electron emitter layers and a cathode substrate, an anode having a phosphors layer and an anode substrate, and supporting device. The cathode includes a plurality of cathode ribs disposed on the cathode substrate, and the cathode ribs are used for laterally separating any respective two cathodes ribs. The cathode has a gate made from a metallic mask and disposed above the cathode ribs. The supporting device is arranged between the metallic mask and the anode, and has a reflection layer facing the anode. The reflection layer is capable of reflecting light emitted from the phosphors layer.

Abstract: A voltage regulator, regulating a supply voltage and outputting a regulated voltage. The voltage regulator comprises a two stage OP which outputs a first voltage and a second voltage according to a reference voltage and a feedback voltage. A NMOS transistor controlled by a voltage detection unit, to receive the second voltage when the detected supply voltage is in a high mode. A PMOS transistor controlled by the voltage detection unit, to receive the first voltage when the detected supply voltage is in a low mode. A feedback circuit for receiving the regulated voltage and outputting the feedback voltage to the two stage OP.

Abstract: A fast-setting, bioresorbable calcium phosphate cement is prepared by a process which can be carried out with a heat treatment up to 1000° C. on a mixture of a wetting solution and a calcium phosphate powder having a Ca to P molar ratio of 0.5-2.5. The wetting solution suitable for use in the process of the present invention includes water, an organic solvent, an acidic and basic solution. A setting solution for mixing with the heated powder to form the fast-setting, bioresorbable calcium phosphate cement may be water, an acidic or basic solution according to the process of the present invention.

Abstract: A tetracalcium phosphate (TTCP) particle for use in preparing a fast-setting, bioresorbable calcium phosphate cement is disclosed. The TTCP particle has a basic calcium phosphate whiskers or fine crystals on a surface thereof; the basic calcium phosphate whiskers or fine crystals having a Ca/P molar ratio greater than 1.33, and having a length up to about 5000 nm and a width up to about 500 nm.

Abstract: A field emission display with multiple display directions includes an anode structure and a cathode structure. The anode structure has a plurality of peripheral sides, and each of the peripheral sides has an interior surface. A conductive layer and a phosphor layer formed on each interior surface of the shell substrate. The cathode structure is disposed within the shell substrate of the anode structure. The cathode structure has a plurality of peripheral sides facing respective interior surfaces of the anode structure and a conductive layer and an electron emission layer formed on each peripheral side of the cathode structure.

Abstract: An apparatus (100) for processing substrates includes: a substrate cleaning device (20), which cleans the substrates with treating liquid; a developing device (40); and a treating liquid recovery system (30), which is connected with the cleaning device and the developing device. The treating liquid recovery system can convey the treating liquid from the cleaning device to the developing device. Thus the treating liquid that has been used in the cleaning device can be reused in the developing device. Therefore the apparatus can economize on treating liquid and reduce costs.

Abstract: A fast-setting, bioresorbable calcium phosphate cement is prepared by a process which can be carried out with a heat treatment up to 1000° C. on a mixture of a wetting solution and a calcium phosphate powder having a Ca to P molar ratio of 0.5-2.5. The wetting solution suitable for use in the process of the present invention includes water, an organic solvent, an acidic and basic solution. A setting solution for mixing with the heated powder to form the fast-setting, bioresorbable calcium phosphate cement may be water, an acidic or basic solution according to the process of the present invention.

Abstract: A tetracalcium phosphate (TTCP) particle for use in preparing a fast-setting, bioresorbable calcium phosphate cement is disclosed. The TTCP particle has a basic calcium phosphate whiskers on a surface thereof, the basic calcium phosphate whiskers having a Ca/P molar ratio greater than 1.33, and having a length up to about 5000 nm and a width up to about 500 nm. The basic calcium phosphate whiskers are substantially free of a hydroxyapatite phase and mainly composed of TTCP phase.