Abstract: LCD displays include a substrate, spaced apart data lines on the substrate, and spaced apart gate lines on the substrate that intersect the spaced apart data lines to define an array of display elements. A display electrode and a reference electrode are provided in each display element. The display electrode includes display electrode fingers. The reference electrode includes reference electrode fingers that are spaced apart from the display electrode fingers. A reference electrode line extends across multiple display elements parallel to the reference electrode fingers, and electrically connects the reference electrodes in multiple display elements. Preferably, the display electrode fingers and the reference electrode fingers are symmetrically arranged about the reference electrode line in a display element. More preferably, the reference electrode line extends across a display element at the center thereof.

Abstract: Flat panel display devices having improved signal line repair capability utilize repair lines which have reduced parasitic capacitance with other active signal lines when connected to provide a repair function. This reduced parasitic capacitance is a result of a reduced number of overlaps between active signal lines (or other repair lines) and each repair line performing a repair function. A main repair line is provided on a display substrate to provide a repair function in the event one of the signal lines is defective. If a repair function is needed because a data line is defective (e.g., "opened"), this main repair line is electrically connected to a first end of the defective data line and indirectly electrically connected to a second end of the defective data line. The indirect electrical connection is provided by a sub-repair line, which can be electrically connected (i.e.

Abstract: Repair lines for liquid crystal or other flat panel displays are provided as closed loops by utilizing a second substrate and at least one third substrate between the liquid crystal display thin film transistor substrate and the second substrate. By using closed loop repair lines, more than one data line can be repaired using a single repair line. Moreover, the resistance and/or capacitance may be decreased by using a shorter path than may be the case for an open loop repair line.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display (LCD) panel includes a substrate, a plurality of parallel control lines on the substrate, and a bonding pad area on the substrate having a plurality of bonding pads therein. A respective one of a plurality of interconnecting conductors connect a respective bonding pad of the bonding pad area to a respective one of the plurality of parallel control lines, each of the plurality of interconnecting conductors having a uniform resistance. According to embodiments of the invention, an interconnecting conductor of the plurality of interconnecting conductors may include a material selected to provide the uniform resistance. The interconnecting conductor may include a first portion including a first material having a first resistivity and a second portion including a second material having a second resistivity different from the first resistivity. The first and second portions may have respective first and second lengths selected to provide the uniform resistance.

Abstract: A matrix-type display capable of being repaired by pixel unit, Two or more of signal lines such as scanning lines, image signal lines and auxiliary signal lines and a pixel electrode are overlapped via an insulating layer, so that a defect such as the disconnection of the image signal lines and scanning lines, the short of the pixel electrode and the signal line, and the loss of electrode of a switching element, and a pixel defect can be repaired. Here, the layout of the auxiliary gate line and dual gate line can be modified.

Abstract: An ITO (indium tin oxide) layer and a negative photoresist are deposited sequentially on the substrate 100 having a gate wire, a storage wire, a data wire and a storage electrode. The negative photoresist is developed through front exposure and the ITO layer is etched to form a pixel electrode. Because the portions of negative photoresist exposed to light remain after development, pixel defects due to particles placed between pixel regions are reduced. Both the rear exposure and the front exposure may be used. In the rear exposure, it is difficult to remain the portions of the ITO layer at the positions corresponding to the contact portion of the drain electrode and the pixel electrode, the storage line, the gate pads and the data pads. Accordingly, the front exposure is then executed by using the first mask having openings thereon. The negative photoresist is developed, and the ITO layer is patterned.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display having repair lines and methods of repairing defect in the same. The liquid crystal display comprises a plurality of gate lines in horizontal direction, a plurality of data lines perpendicular thereto, and a plurality of repair lines repeatedly formed corresponding to a fixed number of data lines. The repair line comprises an upper portion crossing top of the data lines, a lower portion crossing bottom of the data lines, and a middle portion which is parallel to the data line connecting the upper and the lower portions. A repair line is formed repeatedly for each data-line block which consists of data lines in any multiples of three. Under the above wiring structure, a disconnected data line is repaired by shorting the crossing points of the data line and the repair line corresponding to the data-line block of the disconnected data line.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display (LCD) has a plurality of pixels, each having an aperture region. A LCD display element includes a shorting metal formed outside of the pixel aperture region for converting defective pixels into black defects. The shorting metal is formed from the same material used in, and during the same manufacturing step of, forming the TFT gate electrode. Therefore, the pixel aperture ratio is not reduced and subsequent steps to form the shorting metal are unnecessary.

Abstract: A conductive light shading film of a liquid crystal display is electrically connected to a pixel electrode. By connecting the light shading film to the pixel electrode, the light shading film will have the same voltage as the pixel electrode, and can thereby reduce parasitic capacitance and voltage variations on the pixels. The light shading film preferably includes a plurality of conductive light shading lines. The conductive light shading lines can be formed from the same patterned conductive layer as the gate lines or the data lines. Contact holes in insulating layers are used to electrically contact the conductive light shading lines to the pixel electrodes.

Abstract: A pair of common electrode lines are formed in the transverse direction, and a plurality of common electrodes in the longitudinal direction connect the common electrodes. Each pixel electrode parallel to the common electrodes is arranged between two of the common electrodes. A pair of connecting members which are connected to the pixel electrodes cover the edges of the common electrode lines adjacent the aperture region. Accordingly, since it is not necessary for a black matrix pattern formed in another substrate to shield the region where the liquid crystal direction does not properly behave, the black matrix lies outside the regions surrounded by the common electrodes, the pixel electrodes and the common electrode lines. In addition, the data line overlaps the adjacent common electrode, and thereby the aperture ratio is increased.

Abstract: A color filter substrate for a liquid crystal display device is obtained by patterning color filters on a transparent substrate, selective-coating an overcoat layer on the substrate, and forming a common electrode and a black matrix to be connected each other, without any further step. This color filter substrate compensates a high sheet resistance of the common electrode and reduces a crosstalk and a surface reflection rate of the panel. In addition, the black matrix is formed on the color filters, and thus the reduction of the resistance of the common electrode is available. A process for forming the ITO layer on the black matrix is only required as an additional process, so that the step coverage is improved and thus no polyimide-off phenomenon is resulted during the rubbing process, while improving poor quality pixels which may be produced by the light leak and the polyimide-off.

Abstract: An active matrix-type liquid crystal display is described having, for each pixel, a first electrode for of a storage capacitor that is connected to a scanning signal line. The liquid crystal display can be repaired for disconnections and short inferiorities occurring in a crossing portion of scanning signal line. A redundancy correcting line connects the capacitor electrodes of adjacent pixels. Also described is a double scanning signal line. The embodiments using the redundant connecting line and double scanning signal line are both repairable using laser if imperfections exist. Thus, while maintaining high aperture and contrast ratios, the disconnections and shorts in the crossing portion of wirings can be minimized.

Abstract: A TFT-LCD resistive circuit provides adequate resistance through a resistive layer formed of N.sup.+ amorphous silicon and silicide. A first metal layer having a shorting bar and a first is formed over the resistive layer. A passivation layer is formed over the first metal layer and patterned to expose a portion of the first metal layer over the resistive layer. A second pad is formed on the passivation layer in connecting with the first pad. The exposed portion of the first metal layer over the resistive layer is etched down to the resistive layer, using the passivation layer as a mask. Accordingly, a conventional photoresist process is not required to form the resistive circuit. The size of the resistive area is reduced while still providing adequate resistance by virtue of the N.sup.+ amorphorus silicon and silicide.

Abstract: A thin film transistor-liquid crystal display (TFT-LCD) and a method of manufacturing the same prevent a short by forming a pixel electrode and a data line on different layers, and enhance the resultant image produced by the TFT-LCD by forming a passivation layer at a lower pixel electrode. To form this TFT-LCD, a gate electrode and an adjacent gate electrode are formed on a substrate. A gate insulating layer is then deposited on both the gate electrode and the adjacent gate electrode and an amorphous silicon layer, an N.sup.+ amorphous silicon layer, and a source/drain metal are sequentially formed on the gate insulating layer, and partially etched. A passivation layer surrounds the source/drain metal and the amorphous silicon layer is etched using the passivation layer as a mask. A pixel electrode is then formed on the upper gate insulating layer in which the amorphous silicon layer is not deposited.

Abstract: An active matrix-type liquid crystal display is described having, for each pixel, a first electrode for of a storage capacitor that is connected to a scanning signal line. The liquid crystal display can be repaired for disconnections and short inferiorities occurring in a crossing portion of scanning signal line. A redundancy correcting line connects the capacitor electrodes of adjacent pixels. Also described is a double scanning signal line. The embodiments using the redundant connecting line and double scanning signal line are both repairable using laser if imperfections exist. Thus, while maintaining high aperture and contrast ratios, the disconnections and shorts in the crossing portion of wirings can be minimized.

Abstract: An active matrix-type liquid crystal display is described having, for each pixel, a first electrode for a storage capacitor that is connected to a scanning signal line. The liquid crystal display can be repaired for disconnections and short inferiorities occurring in a crossing portion of the scanning signal line. A redundancy correcting line connects the capacitor electrodes of adjacent pixels. Also described is a double scanning signal line. The embodiments using the redundant connecting line and double scanning signal line are both repairable using a laser if imperfections exist. Thus, while maintaining high aperture and contrast ratios, the disconnections and shorts in the crossing portion of wirings can be minimized.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a method for fabricating a liquid crystal display panel in which a repair line is formed of a gate line metal and a data line metal to facilitate the repair process of any broken gate line. Any disconnected data lines can be repaired. Repairing the disconnected data lines involves their short-circuit, using a laser beam, with the repair lines vertically formed underneath the data lines. That is one repair line, which is adjacent to the connection part of the repair lines, and the data lines are short-circuited. Thus, the disconnected data line can be repaired through the repair lines and the auxiliary repair lines with ease, thus providing a simple repair process.

Abstract: An active matrix-type liquid crystal display is described having, for each pixel, a first electrode for of a storage capacitor that is connected to a scanning signal line. The liquid crystal display can be repaired for disconnections and short inferiorities occurring in a crossing portion of scanning signal line. A redundancy correcting line connects the capacitor electrodes of adjacent pixels. Also described is a double scanning signal line. The embodiments using the redundant connecting line and double scanning signal line are both repairable using laser if imperfections exist. Thus, the disconnections and shorts in the crossing portion of wirings can be minimized.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a LCD device includes forming a first electrode on a lower substrate so as to be connected with an external terminal on the periphery of the lower substrate and forming a liquid crystal cell on a central portion of the lower substrate. A passivation layer is thereafter formed on the overall surface of the lower substrate. A first portion of the passivation layer which overlies a contact area of the first electrode is then removed using a laser beam directed through the lower substrate at the contact area of the first electrode and the overlying passivation layer. A conductive layer of paste is formed on the contact area of the first electrode, either before or after the removal of the first portion of the passivation layer, and an upper substrate is assembled to the lower substrate so that the conductive layer forms an electrical connection between the first electrode and a common electrode formed on an inner surface of the upper substrate.