Abstract: Disclosed is a printed circuit board (PCB) and a method of fabricating the same. A contact portion is formed on an internal layer of the multi-layered PCB. A groove is formed so as to expose the contact portion of the internal layer. A chip package is mounted on the PCB while being flip-chip bonded to the exposed contact portion of the internal layer.

Abstract: The invention provides a novel compound of Formula II which is useful in the preparation of imipenem monohydrate of Formula I, wherein R1 is a p-nitrobenzyl or p-methoxybenzyl group; and R2 and R3 may be identical to or different from each other and are each independently a C1-6alkyl or aryl group, or a derivative thereof, and a process for preparing the compound of Formula II by coupling (5R,6S) p-nitrobenzyl-3-(diphenylphosphono)-6-[(1R)-1-hydroxyethyl]-1-azabicyclo[3.2.0]hept-2-ene-7-one-2-carboxylate with 2-aminoetahnethiol hydrocloride in the presence of a base, followed by a reaction with a ketone. Further, the invention provides a process for preparing the compound of Formula I by reacting a compound of Formula II with isopropylformimidate or benzylformimidate in the presence of a base, followed by hydrogenation, separation and crystallization.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a plasma display apparatus. A bus electrode with high definition is formed and is formed on barrier ribs with a predetermined margin therebetween so that it is not overlapped with a discharge space. Therefore, the bus electrode does not infiltrate into a discharge space due to alignment error on upper/lower substrates. Furthermore, a transparent electrode in which at least one or more projections are formed from the bus electrode to the inside of a discharge space constitutes a scan electrode or a sustain electrode. A width of the transparent electrode is formed to be narrower than that of the bus electrode. Therefore, capacitance by the upper plate electrode can be reduced.

Abstract: A printed circuit board having embedded chips, composed of a central layer having an embedded chip, an insulating layer formed on one surface or both surfaces of the central layer and having a via hole filled with conductive ink, and a circuit layer formed on the insulating layer and having a via hole and a circuit pattern electrically connected to the chip of the central layer through the via hole of the insulating layer. In addition, a method of fabricating a printed circuit board including embedded chips is provided.

Abstract: There is disclosed a gas discharge apparatus that is adaptive for reducing a discharge voltage as well as increasing its brightness and luminescence efficiency. In a gas discharge apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, a discharge gas injected into the discharge space includes a hydrogen group isotope gas in a mixture ratio of 0.01%˜2.0%.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing an array substrate for a liquid crystal display device includes forming a gate line, a gate pad, a gate electrode, and a data pad on a substrate through a first mask process, forming a gate insulating layer on a substantial part of an entire surface of the substrate including the gate line, the gate pad, the gate electrode, and the data pad, forming a data line, a source-drain pattern and an active layer on the gate insulating layer and forming a gate pad contact hole and a data pad contact hole in the gate insulating layer through a second mask process, and forming a pixel electrode, a gate pad terminal, a data pad terminal, a source electrode, a drain electrode, and an ohmic contact layer through a third mask process.

Abstract: A board having buried patterns is disclosed. The board may include an insulation panel, a first pattern buried in one side of the insulation panel, a second pattern buried in the other side of the insulation panel with a predetermined insulating thickness between the first pattern and the second pattern, and a via which electrically connects the first pattern and the second pattern. The board having buried patterns according to certain embodiments of the invention can have greater rigidity compared to a board having exposed patterns, for the same insulating thickness. Also, a carrier-insulation set having a particular amount of thickness can be utilized to satisfy the thickness requirement in employing an existing roller apparatus intended for thicker boards.

Abstract: A mounting substrate and a method of manufacturing the mounting substrate. The mounting substrate can include an insulation layer, a bonding pad buried in one side of the insulation layer in correspondence with a mounting position of a chip, and a circuit pattern electrically connected to the bonding pad. By utilizing certain embodiments of the invention, the process for stacking a solder resist layer can be omitted, as the bonding pads can be implemented in a form recessed from the surface of the insulation layer. In this way, the manufacturing process can be simplified and manufacturing costs can be reduced. Since the surface of the mounting-substrate on which to mount a chip can be kept flat without any protuberances, the occurrence of voids in the underfill can be minimized. This is correlated to obtaining a high degree of reliability, and leads to a greater likelihood of successful mounting.

Abstract: A parallel chip embedded printed circuit board and manufacturing method thereof are disclosed. With a method of manufacturing a parallel chip embedded printed circuit board, comprising: (a) forming a parallel chip by connecting in parallel a plurality of unit chips having electrodes or electrically connected members formed on the upper and lower surfaces thereof, using at least one conductive member; (b) joining an electrode on one side of the parallel chip to a first board; and (c) joining an electrode on the other side of the parallel chip to a second board, chips may be embedded in a printed circuit board at a low cost, as a plurality of unit chips can be embedded at once, and a mechanical drill or router can be used instead of a laser drill in perforating the cavity or via holes.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a carrier member for transmitting circuits, which is a component of a coreless printed circuit board having circuit patterns embedded therein, and which can be used to provide a high-density and highly reliable printed circuit board by forming protrusions only on the lower ends of the circuit patterns, a coreless printed circuit board using the carrier member, and methods of manufacturing the carrier member and the coreless printed circuit board.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method for enhancing speech intelligibility in a mobile terminal. A complex spectrum calculator calculates complex spectra of one input frame of an input speech signal by Fourier transform, a speech level calculator calculates its instant levels, an average speech level calculator calculates an average speech level of the speech frame using the instant levels, if the input frame is a speech frame, a scaling factor calculator calculates scaling factors by comparing the average speech level with the instant levels, an HPF characteristic calculator calculates amplitude characteristics using the scaling factors, a HPF high-pass-filters the complex spectra using the amplitude characteristics, a synthesizer converts high-pass-filtered signals to time signals by inverse Fourier transform and synthesizes the time signals, and a combiner outputs an enhanced intelligibility speech signal by combining the synthesized time signal with the input frame.

Abstract: A dry etching step during the manufacturing of a substrate for a liquid crystal display (LCD) device is improved by placing the substrate at a predetermined distance away from the lower electrode to prevent damage of the substrate due to electrostatic formed therebetween. An insulating tape attached on the lower electrode provides electrostatic protection between the substrate and the lower electrode, so that the substrate is properly lifted off the lower electrode via the lifting pins of the lower electrode without electrostatic interference.

Abstract: A cyclic referencing management method and apparatus, a parsing method and apparatus, and a computer readable recording medium storing a program to implement the methods are provided. The method for managing cyclic referencing that may occur by mutual references of assets in a file provided to control assets in a multimedia application environment, includes: detecting an asset generating cyclic referencing; and ignoring the asset generating cycling referencing. According to the methods and apparatuses, cyclic referencing that can occur in a file to control assets can be detected and processed such that the system can be prevented from entering an indefinite loop or causing an erroneous operation.

Abstract: A compressor and an oil separating device therefor are provided which are capable of always maintaining a predetermined amount of oil in the compressor without additionally providing an oil separating device along a refrigerating cycle system. This results in the refrigerating cycle system having simplified piping and the refrigerant discharged from the compressor having a constant pressure, thereby preventing a function of the refrigerating cycle system from being reduced. The compressor includes a casing, a compression device having a compression chamber disposed within the casing and configured to receive, compress, and output a refrigerant, and an oil separating device disposed within the casing.

Abstract: Provided is a self-pulsating laser diode including: a distributed feedback (DFB) section serving as a reflector; a gain section connected to the DFB section and having an as-cleaved facet at one end; a phase control section interposed between the DFB section and the gain section; and an external radio frequency (RF) input portion applying an external RF signal to at least one of the DFB section and the gain section.

Abstract: A switch structure having an integrated damper for lighting a glove box lamp includes a damper cylinder with a hollow space therein assembled to a glove box housing, a piston rod slides in response to opening and closing of the glove box with one end thereof fixed at a predetermined position of a glove box, a terminal fixed to a front end of the damper cylinder, and a switch contact fixed to the piston rod to turn on a lamp by contacting the terminal. The switch contact has a structure for contacting the terminal while the amount of stroke thereof varies by an elasticity varying member along a slot which is formed in a length direction of the piston at a center portion thereof.

Abstract: A plasma display device is provided. The plasma display device includes a plasma display panel (PDP); an upper substrate and a lower substrate which face each other; a plurality of scan electrodes and a plurality of sustain electrodes which are disposed on the upper substrate; a plurality of first barrier ribs which are disposed on the lower substrate in parallel with the scan electrodes and the sustain electrodes; a plurality of second barrier ribs which are disposed on the lower substrate, intersect the first barrier ribs, and are higher than the first barrier ribs; and a plurality of auxiliary electrodes which are disposed on the upper substrate and overlap the first barrier ribs. Accordingly, it is possible to improve the luminance and brightness of a PDP by forming horizontal barrier ribs to be lower than vertical barrier ribs.

Abstract: A printed circuit board having embedded capacitors includes a double-sided copper-clad laminate including first circuit layers formed in the outer layers thereof, the first circuit layers including bottom electrodes and circuit patterns; dielectric layers formed by depositing alumina films on the first circuit layers by atomic layer deposition; second circuit layers formed on the dielectric layers and including top electrodes and circuit patterns; one-sided copper-clad laminates formed on the second circuit layers; blind via-holes and through-holes formed in predetermined portions of the one-sided copper-clad laminates; and plating layers formed in the blind via-holes and the through-holes. The manufacturing method of the printed circuit board is also disclosed.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is an implant device for osseointegration to endure weight. This implant device includes an insert-type implant inserted into an amputated end of a thighbone or a lower leg bone of a leg of a patient; a load dispersing adaptor having a cap shape, encompassing both the implant and the amputated end of the leg simultaneously at a lower end of the implant; a load support plate having a plate shape, coupled with the lower surface of the adaptor, whose diameter is widened, on which a plurality of muscle fixing holes are dispersedly formed; and a coupling screw, which couples the load dispersing adaptor with the insert-type implant at a bottom of the load dispersing plate through screw-coupling.

Abstract: A plasma display panel having higher light-emitting luminance and efficiency of a discharge cell includes: plurality of first barriers successively formed on a substrate at predetermined intervals; a plurality of first sustain electrodes formed at a width more than 40% of a pixel pitch, which is an overall distance of four of the barriers, to be orthogonal to the first barriers; a plurality of second sustain electrodes spaced apart from the first sustain electrodes at a distance less than 20% of the pixel pitch and mated with the first sustain electrodes one by one; a dielectric layer formed at a thickness of 25 ?m or more to cover the first and second sustain electrodes; and a plurality of pads formed on some of the dielectric layer corresponding to the first sustain electrodes and the second sustain electrodes in each discharge cell.