Abstract: A calibration apparatus and method for supporting a Relay Station (RS) in a multiple antenna communication system are provided. The calibration method in the multiple antenna communication system which supports the RS includes, when a modem stage sends a downlink calibration signal, receiving, at a calibrator, the downlink calibration signal and estimating a downlink path channel, when the calibrator sends an uplink calibration signal, receiving, at the modem stage, the uplink calibration signal and estimating an uplink path channel, determining, at the modem stage, calibration coefficients per path not to generate a phase and amplitude difference with respect to the estimated uplink path channel and the estimated downlink path channel, and applying the calibration coefficients per path to corresponding antennas respectively.

Abstract: Provided are a method for creating, editing and reproducing a multi-object audio content file for an object-based audio service and a method for creating audio presets. The multi-object audio content file creating method includes creating a plurality of frames for each audio object forming an audio content; and creating a multi-object audio content file by grouping and storing the frames according to each reproduction time. This invention can enhance functions of the object-based audio service and make it easy to access to each audio object of an audio content file.

Abstract: Disclosed are a 3D image display apparatus and method. The 3D image display apparatus may adjust a number of viewpoints of a 3D image, distance between viewpoints, and other parameters through varying a display pattern of a viewing zone generating unit and a distance between an image display unit and the viewing zone generating unit. Accordingly, the 3D image display apparatus may effectively express the 3D image suitable for various viewing circumstances.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an extracorporeal High Intensity Focused Ultrasound (HIFU) necrosis apparatus through the control of an electronic signal, including oscillation elements for generating ultrasonic beams, an ultrasonic oscillator array having the oscillation elements fixed on a plane and oriented toward a life, delay circuits respectively connected to the oscillation elements for delaying ultrasonic oscillation by a delay time, and control means for controlling the delay time so that the ultrasonic beams are focused, and a method of employing the same. According to the present invention, waved surfaces with a variety of directions and curvatures can be formed using several oscillation elements and several delay circuits disposed on a plane, and a focus can be formed at any desired place. Accordingly, there are advantages in that installation is convenient, and a tissue, such as tumor, which is a target tissue, can be necrotized without damage to normal tissues necrosis.

Abstract: A sacrificial substrate for fabricating semiconductor device assemblies and packages with edge contacts includes conductive elements on a surface thereof, which are located so as to align along a street between each adjacent pair of semiconductor devices on the device substrate. A semiconductor device assembly or package includes a semiconductor device, a redistribution layer over an active surface of the semiconductor device, and dielectric material coating at least portions of an outer periphery of the semiconductor device. Peripheral sections of contacts are located on the peripheral edge and electrically isolated therefrom by the dielectric coating. The contacts may also include upper sections that extend partially over the active surface of the semiconductor device. The assembly or package may include any type of semiconductor device, including a processor, a memory device, and emitter, or an optically sensitive device.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a center-filled coated chewing gum giving a feeling of refreshment and a preparation method thereof, and particularly to a chewing gum comprising a center layer filled with paste or granules with a predetermined size, a gum base layer surrounding the center layer and a coating layer surrounding the outer surface of the gum base layer, thereby enabling to prevent the ingredients of the center layer from being sunk into the gum base layer by limiting the temperature and humidity range when applying the coating onto the gum base layer surrounding the center layer, and also to provide a superior feeling of refreshment and crunch as compared to the conventional chewing gum comprising a liquid-phase or powder-phase center layer, and a preparation method thereof.

Abstract: An audio decoding method and apparatus and an audio encoding method and apparatus which can efficiently process object-based audio signals are provided. The audio decoding method includes receiving a downmix signal and object-based side information, the downmix signal comprising at least two downmix channel signals; extracting gain information from the object-based side information and generating modification information for modifying the downmix channel signals on a channel-by-channel basis based on the gain information; and modifying the downmix channel signals by applying the modification information to the downmix channel signals.

Abstract: A two dimensional/three dimensional (2D/3D) switchable autostereoscopic display apparatus and method. The 2D/3D switchable autostereoscopic display apparatus and method may selectively display a 2D image and 3D image using two displays, control a display operated as backlight from among the two displays when displaying the 2D image, and thereby may increase a contrast. Also, the 2D/3D switchable autostereoscopic display apparatus and method may output a 2D object and a 3D background using two displays.

Abstract: This invention relates to an isolated nucleic acid fragment encoding an auxin transport protein. The invention also relates to the construction of a chimeric gene encoding all or a substantial portion of the auxin transport protein, in sense or antisense orientation, wherein expression of the chimeric gene results in production of altered levels of the auxin transport protein in a transformed host cell. The present invention also relates to methods using the auxin transport protein in modulating root development, and in discovering compounds with potential herbicidal activity.

Abstract: A wire bonding method capable of further improving accuracy in wire bonding and realizing faster wire bonding including: transferring a semiconductor chip to a bonding center; capturing an image of a bonding point on the semiconductor chip; recognizing a position of the bonding point; performing wire bonding to the bonding point that has been corrected; capturing a post-bonding image of the semiconductor chip; transferring a next semiconductor chip to the bonding center; capturing an image of a bonding point on the next semiconductor chip; recognizing a position of the bonding point of the next semiconductor chip; and then recognizing an amount of displacement in the post-bonding image of the semiconductor chip during wire bonding to the bonding point that is of the next semiconductor chip and has been corrected.

Abstract: Provided are an apparatus and a method for providing position information and gathering information using Radio Frequency Identification (RFID). The apparatus includes: a plurality of RFID tags, driven by a radio frequency transmitted from an RFID reader installed in the vehicle, for providing stored tag information in order to provide current position information to the vehicle; a plurality of sensor nodes for sensing the time point when the RFID tags are driven and transmitting the sensed information through a sensor network; and an information gathering server for gathering and processing the information sensed by the sensor nodes, where at least two RFID tags and one sensor node are configured in groups, and the groups are installed at predetermined intervals on each lane of a road.

Abstract: The invention relates to nucleic acid molecules and proteins associated with breast cancer. Compositions, kits, and methods for detecting, characterizing, preventing, and treating human breast cancers are provided.

Abstract: In a phase-change semiconductor device and methods of manufacturing the same, an example method may include forming a metal layer pattern on a substrate, the metal layer pattern including an opening that exposes a portion of the substrate, forming an etch stop layer on the metal layer pattern, a sidewall of the opening and the exposed portion of the substrate, the etch stop layer formed with a thickness less than an upper thickness threshold, and reducing at least a portion of the etch stop layer, the reduced portion of the etch stop layer forming an electrical connection with the substrate.

Abstract: A method of determining a respiration parameter in a medical device in which pressure signals are sensed to generate corresponding sample points, and a breath detection threshold is continuously adjusted in response to the generated sample points to generate a current adjusted breath detection threshold. A current generated sample point is compared to the current adjusted breath detection threshold, and the continuous adjusting of the breath detection threshold is suspended and the breath detection threshold is equal to the most current adjusted breath detection threshold generated prior to the suspending in response to the comparing. A next sample point, generated subsequent to the suspending, is compared to the set breath detection threshold, and the respiration parameter is determined in response to the comparing of a next sample point to the set breath detection threshold.

Abstract: A system and method for filtering a pressure signal in a medical device in which a sensor terminal senses the pressure signal, an electrode terminal receives cardiac electrical signals, a signal filtering system filters the sensed pressure signal in response to a determined heart rate to generate a heart-rate dependent frequency response, and a microprocessor derives a respiration signal in response to the heart rate dependent frequency response, and determines metrics of hemodynamic function in response to the derived respiration signal.

Abstract: Provided are data processing methods for a non-volatile memory. The data processing methods include obtaining read data and erasure information from the non-volatile memory and correcting an error in the read data by referencing the erasure information obtained from the non-volatile memory. Memory systems may be provided. Such memory systems may include a non-volatile memory and a memory controller that is operable to perform an error correction operation according to the methods described herein.

Abstract: A baby bottle for preventing the release of endocrine disrupters is disclosed. The baby bottle includes a glass vessel containing milk. A protective cover has shock absorbing members to protect the glass vessel, and includes left and right cover bodies having a fastening protrusion and a fastening hole, respectively. An air inlet packing is placed on the upper end of the glass vessel to control inflow of external air, and is coupled to a ventilation tube and a nipple. A support cap is fastened to the upper end of the protective cover in such a way that the nipple is in close contact with the upper portion of the air inlet packing, when the air inlet packing is in close contact with the glass vessel.

Abstract: A light source is described herein. An embodiment of the light source comprises a mounting surface and a first lead frame. The first lead frame extends from the mounting surface. The first lead frame comprises a first portion extending from the mounting surface; a cup portion having a cup portion first side and a cup portion second side, the cup portion first side configured to receive a light-emitting diode, the cup portion second side being located opposite the cup portion first side; and a second portion extending between the first portion and the cup portion second side.

Abstract: Bipiperidyl compounds of the formula: (I) are disclosed as useful for treating or preventing type 2 diabetes and similar conditions. Pharmaceutically acceptable salts and solvates are included as well. The compounds are useful as agonists of the g-protein coupled receptor GPR-119.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a precoder and a precoding method in a multi-user multi-antenna communication system. When a transmission part having a plurality of antennas transmits a plurality of signals to a receiving part having an antenna, the precoder and the precoding method using the same prevents system performance degradation caused by interference signals and efficiently reduces transmission power while changing the constellation rotary angle. When the power is controlled by using the precoder, the system performance is enhanced while not damaging the structural gain of the existing multi-user multi-antenna precoder.