Abstract: Provided is a digital information storage system, a digital information security system, and a digital information storing method, and a digital information providing method, and more particularly, to a digital information storage system including: a shared storage containing unique hardware information; and one or more user terminals interoperating with the shared storage through a network, encrypting digital information by using the hardware information of the shared storage and storing the encrypted digital information in the shared storage, and decoding the encrypted digital information by using the hardware information while loading the stored digital information. Accordingly, digital information is encrypted by using hardware information of a shared storage. The digital information can be thus protected from leakage caused by an illegal copy or the like.

Abstract: A photo mask includes a transparent substrate, a light shielding layer pattern over the transparent substrate, and an ion-reaction preventing layer covering the transparent substrate and the light shielding layer pattern.

Abstract: An array antenna system is provided. The array antenna system includes a plurality of antenna elements which are arranged at intervals in rows and in columns; and a control means which selectively operates at least two antenna elements of the plurality of the antenna elements according to a direction of received radio signals.

Abstract: A communications network component comprising a processor configured to implement a method comprising processing a frame, wherein the frame comprises a forwarding type associated with the frame. Also disclosed is a communications network component comprising a processor configured to implement a method comprising receiving a frame associated with a destination address, a VID, and a forwarding type, determining whether the forwarding type associated with the frame is consistent with a forwarding type associated with the VID, and forwarding the frame to a port associated with the destination address if the forwarding type associated with the frame is consistent with the forwarding type associated with the VID.

Abstract: Provided are a packet scheduling system and method capable of fair link resource distribution among a plurality of sessions requesting transmissions to an identical output link in input and output interfaces of a node in a high-speed packet exchange network such as an ATM network or the Internet. The packet scheduling system uses a traffic classifier which classifies traffic input from a plurality of input links, for each session; a central management unit which manages the agreed speed for each session and the virtual time of a system; a virtual finish time calculation unit which in response to the agreed speed and the system virtual time, calculates the virtual finish time of each packet for the traffic and attaches the calculated virtual finish time to the head of the packet as a time stamp.

Abstract: Disclosed is an SR (switched reluctance) generator with improved generation capability in a low-speed range. The SR generator is configured such that an inductance of a phase winding wound around a stator is increased in a low-speed range and is reduced in a high-speed range. Accordingly, a variation rate of the inductance relative to a phase angle is increased in a low-speed range, resulting in an increased output energy in a low-speed range and an improved generation efficiency. The phase winding of the stator may be configured to have a single phase. Accordingly, since the generator is configured with the reduced number of switches, it can be manufactured inexpensively and simply.

Abstract: A method of forming a fin field effect transistor on a semiconductor substrate includes forming an active region in the substrate, forming an epitaxial layer on the active region, and removing a portion of the epitaxial layer to form a vertical fin on the active region. The fin has a width that is narrower than a width of the active region. Removing a portion of the epitaxial layer may include oxidizing a surface of the epitaxial layer and then removing the oxidized surface of the epitaxial layer to decrease the width of the fin. The epitaxial layer may be doped in situ before removing a portion of the epitaxial layer. The method further includes forming a conductive layer on a top surface and on sidewalls of the fin. Related transistors are also discussed.

Abstract: Disclosed is a novel dicarboxylic acid salt of sibutramine, which has good physicochemical properties. Also disclosed are a method of preparing the compound and a pharmaceutical composition comprising the compound.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a dental implant device. A fixture is provided with an abutment coupler at the upper portion of a commercialized fixture type. The abutment coupler has a female screw formed inside, and is formed at the lower portion with an implant screw. An abutment is formed at the lower portion with a first coupler and at the upper portion with a second coupler. The first coupler is coupled to the abutment coupler, and provided with a first sleeve resting groove on the outer circumferential surface of the second coupler. A solid screw is formed at the lower portion with a coupling screw and at the upper portion with a head. The head has a second sleeve resting groove formed on the outer circumferential surface thereof, in which sleeves formed inside an artificial tooth crown are press-fittingly coupled to the first and the second sleeve resting grooves.

Abstract: A method forms a gate conductor over a substrate, forms spacers (e.g., nitride spacers) on sides of the gate conductor, and implants an impurity into exposed regions of the substrate not protected by the gate conductor and the spacers. Then the method forms a silicide on surfaces of the exposed regions of the substrate. The method forms a conformal protective layer (e.g., an oxide or other similar material) over the silicide, the spacers, and the gate conductor. Next, the method forms a non-conformal sacrificial layer (e.g., nitride or other material that can be selectively removed with respect to the protective layer) over the protective layer. A subsequent partial etching process partially etches the sacrificial layer such that relatively thinner regions of the sacrificial layer that are over the spacers are completely removed and the relatively thicker regions of the sacrificial layer that are over the substrate are not removed.

Abstract: A phase-changeable memory device includes a substrate having a contact region on an upper surface thereof. An insulating interlayer on the substrate has an opening therein, and a lower electrode is formed in the opening. The lower electrode has a nitrided surface portion and is in electrical contact with the contact region of the substrate. A phase-changeable material layer pattern is on the lower electrode, and an upper electrode is on the phase-changeable material layer pattern. The insulating interlayer may have a nitrided surface portion and the phase-changeable material layer may be at least partially on the nitrided surface portion of the insulating interlayer. Methods of forming phase-changeable memory devices are also disclosed.

Abstract: A sliding-type mobile communication terminal having a first housing and a second housing adapted to allow the first housing to be opened or closed by means of a sliding movement on the first housing in a longitudinal direction of the first housing. The terminal includes a spring module adapted to provide a sliding force, along the longitudinal direction of the first housing, for allowing closing of the second housing within a predetermined range of distance, and for providing the sliding force in an opposite direction for allowing opening of the second housing beyond the predetermined range of distance. The spring module includes link bars rotatably coupled in one end onto the first housing, coil springs supported by one end of the link bar and coupled to enclose the link bar, and a slider slidably coupled to the link bar to be acted upon by an elastic force from the coil spring. The terminal uses the elasticity in coil springs to implement a semi-automatic sliding opening/closure of the second housing.

Abstract: Disclosed is a combination image-capturing apparatus and method. A combination image-capturing apparatus according to the present invention comprises a main body, a combination image-capturing unit installed on the main body to be location-changeable that include first and second signal processing units, and first and second recording media. The combination image-capturing apparatus further comprises a mode selection switch unit for generating an operation mode signal corresponding to a selected image-capturing unit according to position changes of the combination image-capturing unit, a photo switch for generating an image-capturing trigger signal, and a control unit for controlling storage of the first and second formatted signals in the first recording medium and the second recording medium if the image-capturing trigger signal is received.

Abstract: The present invention provides for a system and method of characterizing the integrity of a barrier structure. The barrier structure is an interconnect comprising a porous dielectric layer sandwiched between at least one barrier layer and at least one conducting layer. The method of characterizing the integrity of such an interconnect includes providing an interconnect, infiltrating the interconnect with a solution comprising electrolytes, applying an external bias to the infiltrated interconnect, and characterizing the integrity of the interconnect after application of the external bias.

Abstract: Some embodiments of the present invention are related to devices and methods for sampling groundwater at multiple target depths, wherein each of the devices for sampling groundwater at multiple target depths comprises: a hammer part having a spring for generating inertia and a hammer connected to the spring; a sampling needle part having a needle integral with a impacting part impacted with the hammer; a guiding part for moving the sampling needle part in straight and downward direction; and a sampled water containing part having a sampled water container for collecting the sampled water through the needle.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a calibration apparatus for vacuum gauge having a combined use for an 1 Torr level, a 10 Torr level, and a 100 Torr level vacuum gauge.

Abstract: A Switched Reluctance (SR) generator having improved efficiency at low and high speed is disclosed. The SR generator includes a step-up converter for controlling an excitation voltage of an excitation capacitor capable of providing a phase winding with an excitation current. Therefore, the SR generator can control the excitation current, and can provide a phase winding with a sufficient excitation current, thereby improving efficiency. The step-up converter is arranged between a battery capable of storing generated power and the excitation capacitor, boosts a voltage of the battery, and provides the excitation capacitor with the boosted voltage. Therefore, the SR generator does not include an additional power-supply unit for a boosting function, resulting in simplification of an overall structure and reduction of a production cost.

Abstract: An organic electroluminescence device includes: first and second substrates spaced apart from each other by a predetermined distance; a plurality of array elements having TFTs formed on the first substrate; organic electroluminescent diodes each having a first electrode acting as a common electrode, an organic electroluminescent layer formed under the first electrode, and a second electrode patterned for a sub-pixel, which are sequentially formed on the second substrate; and conductive spacers for electrically connecting the array elements and corresponding organic electroluminescent diodes, wherein the array elements are arranged on the first substrate in a matrix configuration, and power lines for supplying voltages to the array elements are formed in a mesh configuration.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus is provided having a printing unit including a detachable developer cartridge. The apparatus prints an image on a sheet using an electrophotographic process. A tray is provided to receive a sheet discharged after the completion of printing. An auxiliary tray is pivotably installed on the tray and has a first position folded over the tray and a second position to increase the length of the tray. The auxiliary tray pivots to the second position when the developer cartridge is mounted in the printing unit.

Abstract: A bus driving circuit includes a majority voter unit for comparing the number of logic high level bits with the number of logic low level bits among a predetermined number of bits of data; a latch unit for latching a first output signal in response to the compared result; and a flip-flop unit for latching the predetermined number of bits of data in synchronization with the clock; and a selection unit for selecting one of the latched data of the flip-flop unit and an inverted output of the latched data of the flip-flop unit according to the first output signal.