Abstract: A method of determining the time to failure of parallel electro migration test structures is described. The method generally includes the steps of: measuring the resistance of the complete structure; calculating the resistance of the n individual parallel structures from the measured resistance; calculating the resistance of the complete structure after the failure of m individual parallel structures, for m=1 to n; and recording the time of failure for each m as the time when the resistance is approximately the value predicted for m fails.

Abstract: A display substrate includes a substrate including a pixel area, a plurality of gate lines formed on the substrate, a plurality of data lines intersecting the plurality of gate lines, a storage capacitor formed adjacent the plurality of gate lines and the plurality of data lines to surround the pixel area, and a pixel electrode formed in the pixel area, the pixel electrode connected to the storage capacitor.

Abstract: Disclosed is a mobile terminal equipped with a smart card coupled with an RFID tag and a method for performing an RFID function in the mobile terminal. The smart card includes a user information processing section for storing user information and generating a user information signal including user information, an RFID information processing section for storing RFID data and generating an RFID signal including the RFID data, and a main calculating section connected to the user information processing section in order to control a generation and a transmission of the user information signal and connected to the RFID information processing section order to command a generation and a transmission of the RFID signal. When the RFID tag detects an approach of an RFID interrogator, the RFID tag requests a CPU of the smart card to perform the RFID function. Thus, the CPU of the smart card transmits a mode transition signal to a processor of the mobile terminal in order to indicate a mode transition into an RFID mode.

Abstract: A fusing roller and a fusing apparatus having the same are provided. The fusing roller includes: an induced coil, which generates an alternating magnetic flux that varies depending on an input alternating current; a heating roller, which is heated by an eddy current that is generated by the alternating magnetic flux; and a compensator, which compensates for the eddy current generated where it is located.

Abstract: A fusing roller and a fusing apparatus having the fusing roller are provided, wherein the fusing roller includes a coil unit, which generates resistive heat and an alternating magnetic flux in response to an alternating current input thereto, a heating roller unit, which generates an eddy current in response to the alternating magnetic flux and generates induced heat in response to the eddy current, and a contact unit, which is formed of a non-magnetic material in the fusing roller and which firmly contacts the coil unit with the heating roller unit.

Abstract: A fusing roller and a fusing apparatus using the same are provided. The fusing roller includes a coil unit resistance heated by a predetermined alternating current, and generating an alternating magnetic flux by the alternating current. A heating roller unit is heated by an induced current generated by the alternating magnetic flux. An adhering unit is formed of a non-magnetic material and is installed to contact the inside of the coil unit to elastically bias the coil unit toward the heating roller unit to adhere the coil unit onto the heating roller unit.

Abstract: An improved distribution system and method of operating the same are provided. In one embodiment, the distribution system includes a plate for loading a plurality of substrates thereon, a first transfer assembly for transferring the substrates from the plate to a conveyer, and a distribution assembly for distributing the substrates transferred by the conveyer to a first testing assembly and a second testing assembly. The distribution assembly includes a first sub-conveyer and a second sub-conveyer, and the outlet of one of the first sub-conveyer and the second sub-conveyer corresponds to the inlet of one of the first testing assembly and the second testing assembly.

Abstract: A thin film transistor panel includes an insulating substrate including a display area and a peripheral area. A plurality of pixels is defined by a plurality of data lines that cross a plurality of gate lines. A pixel electrode is formed in each of the pixels. A plurality of dummy pixels is defined by a dummy data line that crosses the plurality of gate lines. A dummy pixel electrode is formed in each of the dummy pixels, and a thin film transistor including a gate electrode, a source electrode, a drain electrode, and a semiconductor. The thin film transistor display panel reduces or prevents a difference in brightness between pixels caused by a difference of coupling capacitance between the data line adjacent to the peripheral area and the other data lines.

Abstract: An apparatus for fabricating a GaN single crystal and a fabrication method for producing GaN single crystal ingot are provided. The apparatus includes: a reactor including a ceiling, a floor and a wall with a predetermined height encompassing an internal space between the ceiling and the floor, wherein the ceiling is opposite to the floor; a quartz vessel on the floor containing Ga metal; a mount installed on the ceiling on which a GaN substrate is mounted, the GaN substrate being opposite to the quartz vessel; a first gas supplying unit supplying the quartz vessel with hydrogen chloride (HCl) gas; a second gas supplying unit supplying the internal space of the reactor with ammonia (NH3) gas; and a heating unit installed in conjunction with the wall of the reactor for heating the internal space, wherein the lower portion of the internal space is heated to a higher temperature than the upper portion.

Abstract: A fusing roller and a fusing apparatus using the same are provided. The fusing roller includes a coil unit resistance heated by a predetermined alternating current, and an alternating magnetic flux is generated by the alternating current. A heating roller unit is heated by an induced current generated by the alternating magnetic flux. End caps are installed on both ends of the heating roller unit and have electrodes for receiving power from an external power source. Reduction units are formed on both ends of the coil unit to reduce contact resistance generated when the coil unit contacts the electrodes.

Abstract: A display substrate capable of improving the signal transmission characteristics and image quality of a display device is presented. The display substrate includes a first conductive line on an insulating substrate. A storage capacitor line is on the insulating substrate. A storage capacitor line extends substantially parallel to the first conductive line. A second conductive line, which is also on the insulating substrate, extends in a direction different from the first conductive line and defines a pixel with the first conductive line. A light blocking pattern extends from the first conductive line, overlapping the second conductive line. A switching element is electrically connected to the first and second conductive lines and includes a drain electrode that is positioned on the storage capacitor line to form a storage capacitor. A pixel electrode is electrically connected to the drain electrode.

Abstract: A phase controlling device of reduced cost, a fuser controlling device including the phase controlling device, and a phase controlling method. The phase controlling device includes: a first signal generating unit generating an error signal that corresponds to a difference between the reference temperature of the fuser and the actual temperature of the fuser; a pulse generating unit generating a sawtooth wave pulse signal that increases with time during a half period of the AC power; and a control signal generating unit comparing the error signal and the sawtooth wave pulse signal and outputting a phase control signal controlling phase of the AC power. The pulse generating unit generating an increasing sawtooth wave pulse may have a relatively simple circuit configuration relative to that of the pulse generating unit generating a decreasing sawtooth wave pulse, thereby reducing manufacturing costs.

Abstract: A power supply, which outputs a plurality of voltages in order to improve the cross regulation between output voltages and at the same time reduce the amount of electric power consumed, and an image forming device having the same are disclosed. The power supply comprises a power converter, which generates a first output power source and a second output power source in response to an external power supply and a power control signal, respectively; a power output part, which comprises output parts to rectify and smooth each of the first and second output power sources; a first output controller, which receives the first output power source feedback from the power output part to generate the power control signal; and a second output controller, which receives the second output power source feedback from the power output part to control to operate the power output part in stable mode.

Abstract: The present invention provides a liquid crystal display panel and a method of manufacturing the liquid crystal display panel capable of reducing or eliminating metal erosion in an area in which a conductive dot is formed. In some embodiments, a display panel comprises a common electrode formed on an upper substrate, a first electrode formed on a lower substrate opposing the upper substrate and configured to receive a common voltage, a conductive dot formed between the upper substrate and the lower substrate and positioned to supply the common electrode with the common voltage, an insulating layer having a contact hole exposing the first electrode, and a second electrode formed on the insulating layer to connect the conductive dot and the first electrode, wherein a cross sectional area of the conductive dot between the upper substrate and the lower substrate is greater than a cross sectional area of an opening of the contact hole.

Abstract: A gate driving unit connected to odd-numbered gate lines and a gate driving unit connected to even-numbered gate lines are sequentially operated, and a common voltage signal is inverted when the operation states of the two gate driving units are changed, thereby minimizing a number of changes in the voltage level of the common voltage signal supplied to a display panel during one frame, reducing power consumption of the display device, and allowing pixels of the display panel to perform line inversion.

Abstract: A system for assessing reliability of a semiconductor product design, the system comprising a first database for storing circuits data specifying cells of available circuits for semiconductor products; an input unit for input of reliability qualification data of tested semiconductor products; an uploading unit for uploading semiconductor product design data; and a processor for processing the reliability qualification data to generate reliability data at a circuit-level, a cell-level, or both utilizing the circuits data, and for assessing the reliability of the semiconductor product design based on the generated reliability data.

Abstract: An apparatus for fabricating a GaN single crystal and a fabrication method for producing GaN single crystal ingot are provided. The apparatus includes: a reactor including a ceiling, a floor and a wall with a predetermined height encompassing an internal space between the ceiling and the floor, wherein the ceiling is opposite to the floor; a quartz vessel on the floor containing Ga metal; a mount installed on the ceiling on which a GaN substrate is mounted, the GaN substrate being opposite to the quartz vessel; a first gas supplying unit supplying the quartz vessel with hydrogen chloride (HCl) gas; a second gas supplying unit supplying the internal space of the reactor with ammonia (NH3) gas; and a heating unit installed in conjunction with the wall of the reactor for heating the internal space, wherein the lower portion of the internal space is heated to a higher temperature than the upper portion.

Abstract: A head stack assembly (HSA) is provided. The head stack assembly includes a swing arm including a core pivotally coupled to a base member of a hard disk drive (HDD) and at least one arm blade extending from the core in a horizontal direction, a suspension extending from an extreme end of the arm blade, and a head slider mounted on an extreme end of the arm blade for reading and writing data from or to a data storage disk of the HDD. The swing arm further includes a blade extension portion extending from the arm blade toward the core to prevent an interference with the data storage disk of the hard disk drive, and a rigidity weakening portion formed on a side opposite to that where the blade extension portion is formed to attenuate a rigidity difference in a lateral direction of the arm blade, which is caused by the blade extension portion.

Abstract: Provided a method and an apparatus for growing high-quality GaN bulk single crystals without causing cracks. The method of growing GaN bulk single crystals includes providing a susceptor in a reaction chamber, providing a seed-accommodating portion having a given depth on an upper surface of the susceptor, providing GaN seeds on a bottom surface of the seed-accommodating portion so that only an upper surface of the GaN seeds is exposed, growing GaN bulk single crystals on the GaN seeds; and cooling the grown GaN bulk single crystals and separating the GaN bulk single crystals from the seed-accommodating portion.

Abstract: Provided are an image brightness controlling apparatus and method, and an adaptive brightness controlling apparatus and method based on the brightness degree and/or brightness range of an image. The image brightness controlling apparatus includes a brightness increment arithmetic unit for outputting a brightness increment for a pixel, and an individual component brightness increment arithmetic unit for outputting the brightness increments of individual components constituting the pixel in response to the brightness increment for a pixel. The individual component brightness increment arithmetic unit multiplies the brightness increment of the pixel by each of the unit vectors of the components constituting the pixel to obtain the brightness increments of the individual components. The image brightness controlling apparatus further includes an adder for adding the components constituting the pixel to the brightness increments of the components.