Abstract: An optical pickup actuator performing the triaxial driving operation includes an objective lens through which a laser beam is focused on an optical disk, a blade mounted with tracking coils and focusing coils and a plurality of tilting magnets, a yoke plate having inside and outside yokes mounted with tracking and focusing magnets and also having a tilting yoke being spaced-apart from the inside and outside yokes, a plurality of suspension wires disposed on both sides of the blade to be electrically coupled to the tracking coils and focusing coils, a wire holder having a plurality of coupling elements through which each portion of the suspension wires passes, a yoke receptacle disposed between the coupling elements of the yoke plate to receive the tilting yoke, and a printed circuit board mounted on the holder to be electrically coupled to the suspension wires, and a tilting coil mounted on the wire holder and disposed in the yoke receptacle to generate an electromagnetic force.

Abstract: A programmable gain amplifier using metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) devices to approximate exponential gain characteristic with linear control signals is disclosed. According to one embodiment, the programmable gain amplifier (300a-300b) may include a capacitive switching circuit (304a-304b), a capacitive switching circuit (306a-306b), and an operational amplifier (302a-302b). Capacitive switching circuits (304a-304b and 306a-306b) may receive an analog input voltage through sample switches (308a-308b and 310a-310b). Capacitive switching circuit (304a-304b) receives an output from operational amplifier (302a-302b) through feedback switch (312a-312b). The programmable gain amplifier (300a-300b) may include a few additional unit capacitors which can allow larger gain ranges or more steps for a given range without a large increase in chip size.

Abstract: A method to selectively receive mail by an Internet mail apparatus includes receiving and storing mail header information of at least one mail. Mail header information is selected corresponding to a predetermined mail from the at least one mail. A mail transmission command is transmitted to an incoming mail server requesting transmission of the predetermined mail corresponding to the mail header information selected. The Internet mail apparatus, in response to the mail transmission command, receives the predetermined mail.

Abstract: Provided are an image brightness controlling apparatus and method, and an adaptive brightness controlling apparatus and method based on the brightness degree and/or brightness range of an image. The image brightness controlling apparatus includes a brightness increment arithmetic unit for outputting a brightness increment for a pixel, and an individual component brightness increment arithmetic unit for outputting the brightness increments of individual components constituting the pixel in response to the brightness increment for a pixel. The individual component brightness increment arithmetic unit multiplies the brightness increment of the pixel by each of the unit vectors of the components constituting the pixel to obtain the brightness increments of the individual components. The image brightness controlling apparatus further includes an adder for adding the components constituting the pixel to the brightness increments of the components.

Abstract: An e-mail printer having an authentication procedure includes an e-mail receiving unit that includes a storage device to store e-mail which is received in a predetermined memory area allocated to each user and an authentication device to authenticate the user so that the user accesses the storage device.

Abstract: The present invention relates to (a) variable regions of heavy and light chains of an antibody specific to a surface antigen in sporozoite of Eimeria spp.; (b) a recombinant scFV (single chain variable fragment) antibody prepared using the variable regions; (c) a method for preparing a recombinant scFv antibody; and (d) an expression vector for expressing a recombinant scFv antibody.

Abstract: A programmable gain amplifier using metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) devices to approximate exponential gain characteristic with linear control signals is disclosed. According to one embodiment, the programmable gain amplifier (300a-300b) may include a capacitive switching circuit (304a-304b), a capacitive switching circuit (306a-306b), and an operational amplifier (302a-302b). Capacitive switching circuits (304a-304b and 306a-306b) may receive an analog input voltage through sample switches (308a-308b and 310a-310b). Capacitive switching circuit (304a-304b) receives an output from operational amplifier (302a-302b) through feedback switch (312a-312b). The programmable gain amplifier (300a-300b) may include a few additional unit capacitors which can allow larger gain ranges or more steps for a given range without a large increase in chip size.

Abstract: A character agent resident on a user's computer facilitates interaction with the computer. The character agent provides character animation, text balloons, menus, and speech input/output. The character agent may operate based on locally stored supporting files, and may significantly extend its flexibility with supporting files retrieved dynamically, such as during Internet browsing. In this latter context, the character agent greatly extends the opportunity for interaction between various Internet sites and the user. A character server, which may be the web server, downloads a Character Action Markup Language (CAML) document and supporting animation files. These files specify the animation and behavior of the character agent. A browser plug-in allows the character agent to respond to browser events according to the CAML document's instructions.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for transfection of avian primordial germ cells which comprises a step of electroporating a foreign gene into avian primordial germ cells after addition of dimethylsulfoxide( “DMSO”) to culture medium containing the cells, and a method for production of transgenic Aves by employing the avian primordial germ cells transfected thereby. The DMSO-electroporation method of the invention has various advantages over the conventional transfection methods in light of high transfection efficiency, safety, and simple manipulation. Accordingly, a large number of primordial germ cells transfected with a gene of interest can be efficiently produced by the invention, which, in turn, may increase the rate of transfer of exogenous DNA into recipient embryos.

Abstract: A photolithography method includes applying to a substrate a coating of a film forming composition containing a bonding resin and a film forming material and drying to form a film; selectively coating the film with a photosensitive composition including a photosensitizer to form a film pattern; exposing the film with the film pattern; and developing the film. Therefore, a film in a pattern and having excellent characteristics can be manufactured easily and efficiently. The photolithography method can be applied to any product which requires the formation of a film in a pattern.

Abstract: A line interface circuit having a dialer, a line interface unit and a DC masking circuit is adapted to execute an operation in either an emergency mode or a power-on mode. The line interface circuit unifies a voice processing part and an image processing part. The line interface circuit includes a single dialer, a communication port coupled to a non-voice terminal, and a line interface control unit for receiving dial information from a key matrix input at the non-voice terminal via the communication port in a power-on state of the non-voice terminal. The line interface control unit derives DC power converted from AC power supplied form a desired AC power supply, and transferring the dial information to the dialer. A method for controlling the line interface circuit is also provided to selectively couple a non-voice terminal and a voice terminal both equipped in a telephone communication system to a telephone line via the line interface circuit.

Abstract: Preamplifiers are used in hard disk drive applications to read data stored on magnetic disk. Current bias current sense preamplifiers have a problem with bandwidth rolloff due to relatively high inductance. Voltage sense preamplifiers have a problem with peaking due to input capacitance. An improved current bias voltage sense preamplifier inserts a PMOS transistor M3 between the Rmr head and the bipolar transistor Q0. The PMOS transistor M3 and the bipolar transistor Q0 form a high impedance voltage sense preamplifier. Biasing of the MR head is performed transistors M6 and M7 that mirror the current supplied by the current digital to analog converter into the MR head. Hence, the preamplifier is also of the current bias type. Peaking is controlled through a programmable current in an input capacitance cancellation circuit 30.

Abstract: A black matrix, a preparation method thereof and a display device employing the black matrix. The black matrix which is a black coating layer surrounding pixels of the display device, includes SiO which is a dielectric material and at least one metal selected from the group consisting of iron (Fe), cobalt (Co), vanadium (V) and titanium (Ti). The black matrix has excellent thermal and chemical stability and is environmentally desirous by using a mixture of a nontoxic metal and a dielectric material. Also, the black matrix exhibits excellent adhesion to a substrate without an annealing process, is excellent in mechanical characteristic due to the absence of internal stress and is capable of being micro-patterned to have a particle size of 1 &mgr;m or less. When applied to the substrate of the display device, the black matrix exhibits excellent external light absorbing effect. Therefore, a display device having improved luminance and contrast characteristics can be attained.

Abstract: An image processing apparatus (200) for a charge coupled device including analog front end circuitry having optical black and offset correction, whereby the offset and optical black correction circuit is programmable. The present invention includes a first circuit (202, 204, 206, 208, 210) to sample the incoming optical black signal output from a CCD. This first circuit includes a correlated double sampler (202) coupled to a first programmable gain amplifier (204). An adder (206) connects between the first programmable gain amplifier (204) and a second gain amplifier (208) for adding in the optical black offset to the optical black signal input from the CCD. A second circuit (212, 214) includes a reverse programmable gain amplifier (212) connected to the output of the second programmable gain amplifier (208) to amplify the optical black level inversely proportional to the gain from the second programmable gain amplifier (208).

Abstract: A 2-dimensional non-linear interpolation system and method based on edge information includes an edge detector, an edge direction modifier, a near-edge coefficient generator, a filter coefficient generator and a non-linear interpolation unit. The edge detector detects edge information among pixels from a video signal applied through an input terminal. The edge direction modifier converts the edge information detected by the edge detector on the basis of a center point among peripheral pixels of an interpolation position and outputs modified edge information. The near-edge coefficient generator converts the coordinates of the interpolation position based on the modified edge information to generate a converted interpolation position, generates edge patterns corresponding to the converted interpolation position, and generates a plurality of 2-dimensional interpolation coefficients in response to predetermined one-dimensional non-linear interpolation filter coefficients.

Abstract: A black matrix, a preparation method thereof and a display device employing the black matrix. The black matrix which is a black coating layer surrounding pixels of the display device, includes SiO which is a dielectric material and at least one metal selected from the group consisting of iron (Fe), cobalt (Co), vanadium (V) and titanium (Ti). The black matrix has excellent thermal and chemical stability and is environmentally desirous by using a mixture of a nontoxic metal and a dielectric material. Also, the black matrix exhibits excellent adhesion to a substrate without an annealing process, is excellent in mechanical characteristic due to the absence of internal stress and is capable of being micro-patterned to have a particle size of 1 &mgr;m or less. When applied to the substrate of the display device, the black matrix exhibits excellent external light absorbing effect. Therefore, a display device having improved luminance and contrast characteristics can be attained.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for controlling a backing maneuver of an automotive vehicle and trailer combination in which the vehicle has operator-actuated front wheel steering and microprocessor-actuated, reversible electric motor driven rear wheel steering. For a given initial alignment of vehicle and trailer, the computer-executed method first determines whether the driver needs to pull forward before commencing the backing operation. The driver is then requested to turn the front wheels in a direction suitable for backing the vehicle without a trailer in the desired direction. The process then determines whether the driver needs to perform counter front wheel steering before backing. Then the process controls the steering of the rear wheels during the backing operation.

Abstract: Disclosed is an optical pickup.

Abstract: A washing machine including an outer tub disposed within a body of the washing machine, a rotating wash tub disposed within the outer tub for being rotated to wash and spin-dry the laundry, and a pulsator disposed on an inner bottom floor of the rotating wash tub for alternatively rotating left and right, the washing machine having a plurality of ducts mounted on a periphery of the rotating wash tub for the washing water contained in between the outer tub and the rotating wash tub to be induced and ejected into the rotating wash tub when the rotating wash tub is rotated, such that the washing water disposed in between the rotating wash tub and the outer tub is ejected into the rotating wash tub via a duct during washing and rinsing processes, thereby enhancing washing and rinsing efficiency due to formation of new water current and its collision with laundry.

Abstract: A flat-panel display device using an optical waveguide includes a light source for emitting light, a plurality of optical waveguides into which light emitted from the light source is incident, an optical waveguide arrangement substrate on which the plurality of optical waveguides are arranges and made of a material having a low refractive index so as to totally reflect the light transmitted through the plurality of optical waveguides, a light output controller positioned on the plurality of optical waveguides and made of a material whose refractive index changes according to an electric field, a light output portion positioned on the light output controller, for refracting the light having passed through the light output controller when the light propagated through the plurality of optical waveguides due to the electric field is transmitted through the light output controller and is output therefrom, and outputting the same to the outside, a first electrode positioned on the light output portion, made of a tr