Abstract: In embodiments, a semiconductor device includes a high resistivity substrate, a transistor disposed on the high resistivity substrate, and a deep trench device isolation region disposed in the high resistivity substrate to surround the transistor. Particularly, the high resistivity substrate has a first conductive type, and a deep well region having a second conductive type is disposed in the high resistivity substrate. Further, a first well region having the first conductive type is disposed on the deep well region, and the transistor is disposed on the first well region.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a high resistivity substrate, a transistor formed on the high resistivity substrate, and a deep trench device isolation region formed in the high resistivity substrate to surround the transistor. Particularly, the high resistivity substrate has a first conductive type, and a deep well region having a second conductive type is formed in the high resistivity substrate. Further, a low concentration well region having the first conductive type is formed on the deep well region, and the transistor is formed on the low concentration well region.

Abstract: A system for training beam including a transmitter forming a transmission beam using a transmission array and a receiver forming a receiving beam using a receiving array is disclosed. The transmitter transmits an identifier of a transmission training beam selected from the transmission beams using a secondary synchronization signal or a common reference signal, etc. The identifier of the transmission training beam is used for the beam training.

Abstract: A method and a system for synchronizing time information in an ad-hoc network are disclosed.

Abstract: An LCD device includes dual gate transistors provided to an output portion of the shift register for outputting a gate voltage. As such, the charge/discharge time of the output portion is reduced so the response time of liquid crystal is improved.

Abstract: Disclosed are an apparatus and a method for detecting signals in a spatial multiplexing system. An embodiment of the invention provides a signal detection apparatus for a single receiver unit equipped with a plurality of antennas in a system having at least one transmitter unit configured to transmit data streams by spatial multiplexing, where the signal detection apparatus includes: a partial linear coefficient generator unit configured to generate a linear weighting matrix by using a preset algorithm on a channel matrix formed between the transmitter unit and the single receiver unit; a partial symbol remover unit configured to generate a first symbol vector by removing all transmittable symbols for each transmitting antenna from all received data streams; and a partial symbol detector unit configured to generate a transmission symbol candidate vector by using the linear weighting matrix and the first symbol vector.

Abstract: A low-profile antenna is provided. A laminated substrate is formed into a structure in which a plurality of substrates having different permittivities are stacked, and a radiator consists of a plurality of unit patches disposed on an upper surface of the laminated substrate and generates an electric field perpendicular to the upper surface of the laminated substrate. Ground vias are formed from the respective unit patches to a ground plane disposed on a lower surface of the laminated substrate through the substrates constituting the laminated substrate. In the low-profile antenna, the radiator consisting of the plurality of patches is disposed on the upper surface of the laminated substrate having a structure in which the plurality of substrates are stacked to generate a magnetic loop around the patches, so that vertical polarized signals can be received due to a magnetic field perpendicular to the upper surface of the laminated substrate.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a fringe field switching (FFS)-liquid crystal display (LCD) device may have the following advantage. An inferior connection between the drain electrode and the pixel electrode may be prevented by preventing formation of a copper compound on the drain electrode, by performing a back channel etching after patterning a pixel electrode, and by performing a wet strip rather than a dry strip. This may result in a direct contact between copper and ITO, thereby reducing the number of mask processes.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a thin-film transistor in a liquid crystal display device and a method of fabricating the same, and the thin-film transistor may be configured by including a first gate electrode formed on an insulating substrate; a first gate insulation film formed on the insulating substrate including the first gate electrode; an active layer formed on the first gate insulation film; source/drain electrodes formed on the active layer and arranged at both sides of the first gate electrode; a second gate insulation film formed on the active layer and the first gate insulation film including the source/drain electrodes and provided with a contact hole for exposing part of the drain electrode; a second gate electrode overlapped with the first gate electrode on the second gate insulation film; and a pixel electrode electrically connected to the drain electrode through the contact hole.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a fringe field switching (FFS)-liquid crystal display (LCD) device may have the following advantage. An inferior connection between the drain electrode and the pixel electrode may be prevented by preventing formation of a copper compound on the drain electrode, by performing a back channel etching after patterning a pixel electrode, and by performing a wet strip rather than a dry strip. This may result in a direct contact between copper and ITO, thereby reducing the number of mask processes.

Abstract: Provided is a handover method of a wireless communication system using a hierarchical cellular scheme. In the method, signal quality of a serving node is measured, so that whether to start scanning for a handover is determined. When the scanning for the handover starts, signal qualities of a serving cell including the serving node and one or more neighbor cells are measured through a first preamble including a first identifier for distinguishing a cell. An intra-cell handover or an inter-cell handover is selected using the signal qualities of the serving cell and the neighbor cells. Therefore, a terminal can easily distinguish between the inter-cell handover and the intra-cell handover, and an overhead during a handover can be reduced because an intra-cell handover procedure is simplified.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a fringe field switching (FFS)-liquid crystal display (LCD) device may have the following advantage. An inferior connection between the drain electrode and the pixel electrode may be prevented by preventing formation of a copper compound on the drain electrode, by performing a back channel etching after patterning a pixel electrode, and by performing a wet strip rather than a dry strip. This may result in a direct contact between copper and ITO, thereby reducing the number of mask processes.

Abstract: An array substrate for a display device and its fabrication method are disclosed. The array substrate for a display device includes: a gate wiring and a gate electrode connected to the wiring formed on a substrate; a gate insulating layer formed on the gate electrode; an active layer and a barrier metal layer stacked with the gate insulating layer interposed therebetween on the gate electrode; a data wiring formed on the barrier metal layer and source and electrodes connected to the data wiring; a passivation film formed on the source and drain electrodes and the data wiring and having a contact hole exposing a portion of the drain electrode, the barrier metal layer and the active layer; and a pixel electrode formed on the passivation film and being in contact with the drain electrode and the barrier metal layer including the active layer.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for receiving signals in a multiple-input, multiple-output (MIMO) wireless communication system is provided. A receiving end using as many as N Receive (Rx) antennas includes a first detector, as many as (N?2) nth detectors, and an Nth detector. A signal detection technique of the present invention has a low complexity and a throughput similar to that of a Maximum Likelihood (ML) scheme in a Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) wireless communication system using a Spatial Multiplexing (SM) scheme.

Abstract: A method for selecting beams, a switched beam operation method during an initial synchronization process, and an initial synchronization method using it are provided for selecting beams to minimize the probability of occurrence of interferences between cells by considering a distance between beams within neighboring sectors during an initial synchronization process using switched beams, in an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) cellular system employing a smart antenna. The inventive method comprises the steps of dividing each cell into sectors, and counting the number of fixed beams per cell, and selecting a switched beam for minimizing probability of interference, from fixed beams presenting in a corresponding sector, based on distances between a selected beam and beams of all of adjacent cells and the number of cases to be selected in a subsequent time slot, according to the counted number of the fixed beams existing in each sector.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a fringe field switching (FFS)-liquid crystal display (LCD) device may have the following advantage. An inferior connection between the drain electrode and the pixel electrode may be prevented by preventing formation of a copper compound on the drain electrode, by performing a back channel etching after patterning a pixel electrode, and by performing a wet strip rather than a dry strip. This may result in a direct contact between copper and ITO, thereby reducing the number of mask processes.

Abstract: An array substrate for a display device and its fabrication method are disclosed. The array substrate for a display device includes: a gate wiring and a gate electrode connected to the wiring formed on a substrate; a gate insulating layer formed on the gate electrode; an active layer and a barrier metal layer stacked with the gate insulating layer interposed therebetween on the gate electrode; a data wiring formed on the barrier metal layer and source and electrodes connected to the data wiring; a passivation film formed on the source and drain electrodes and the data wiring and having a contact hole exposing a portion of the drain electrode, the barrier metal layer and the active layer; and a pixel electrode formed on the passivation film and being in contact with the drain electrode and the barrier metal layer including the active layer.

Abstract: Disclosed are an apparatus and a method for detecting signals in a spatial multiplexing system. An embodiment of the invention provides a signal detection apparatus for a single receiver unit equipped with a plurality of antennas in a system having at least one transmitter unit configured to transmit data streams by spatial multiplexing, where the signal detection apparatus includes: a partial linear coefficient generator unit configured to generate a linear weighting matrix by using a preset algorithm on a channel matrix formed between the transmitter unit and the single receiver unit; a partial symbol remover unit configured to generate a first symbol vector by removing all transmittable symbols for each transmitting antenna from all received data streams; and a partial symbol detector unit configured to generate a transmission symbol candidate vector by using the linear weighting matrix and the first symbol vector.

Abstract: An array substrate for a display device and its fabrication method are disclosed. The array substrate for a display device includes: a gate wiring and a gate electrode connected to the wiring formed on a substrate; a gate insulating layer formed on the gate electrode; an active layer and a barrier metal layer stacked with the gate insulating layer interposed therebetween on the gate electrode; a data wiring formed on the barrier metal layer and source and electrodes connected to the data wiring; a passivation film formed on the source and drain electrodes and the data wiring and having a contact hole exposing a portion of the drain electrode, the barrier metal layer and the active layer; and a pixel electrode formed on the passivation film and being in contact with the drain electrode and the barrier metal layer including the active layer.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for detecting a signal in a multi-antenna system using a spatial multiplexing are provided. The apparatus includes at least one antenna for receiving a signal, a channel estimator for estimating a channel using the received signal, a detector for calculating multiplication values commonly used to determine a Euclidean distance using the receive signal and channel information and for detecting a transmitted signal by calculating Euclidean distances of one or more candidate symbols using the receive signal and the determined multiplication values and a decoder for demodulating and decoding the detected signal. Hence, the computational complexity of the signal detection can be mitigated.