Abstract: The present invention provides a technique which, without causing two problems, i.e., (1) increased number of power supply/grounding pins and (2) increased power feed line inductance, prevents the noise causing a problem in a control circuit, from becoming routed around and induced into an output buffer. More specifically, the above can be realized by using either of two methods: (A) providing an on-chip bypass capacitor for the control circuit and isolating a power feed route of the control circuit from that of the output buffer in an AC-like manner, or (B) designing electrical parameters (inserting resistors) such that the oscillation mode of any electrical parameter noise induced into the power feed routes will change to overdamping.

Abstract: A semiconductor module comprises a first semiconductor device, a second semiconductor device and a reference voltage supplying circuit. The first semiconductor device comprises a first electrode. The second semiconductor device comprises a second electrode. The reference voltage supplying circuit is for supplying a reference potential to the first electrode and the second electrode and for suppressing a noise to be transferred between the first electrode and the second electrode.

Abstract: This is a method for regenerating the NOx catalyst in a NOx purifying system provided in the exhaust passage with a direct reduction type NOx catalyst which directly decomposes the NOx during lean-condition operation and is regenerated at rich-condition operation, and the method prohibiting the rich-condition control when the temperature detected by a catalyst temperature detecting means is within the predetermined temperature range. Thus, when the exhaust gas are temporarily made rich-condition for catalyst regeneration which means recovering the NOx purifying ability of the direct reduction type NOx catalyst arranged in the exhaust passage of the engine, the NOx is prohibited from being discharged into the atmospheric air, and also the purifying ability can surely be recovered.

Abstract: In a memory module, a plurality of memories are mounted on a module base plate, impedance between Vref and Vss near each memory is coupled to Vss by a decoupling capacitor and a Vref plane to achieve low impedance configuration in a wide frequency range, Vref planes are individually provided for the respective memories, and the Vref planes are connected to each other by using a high impedance wire, or a high impedance chip part. Accordingly, a wiring technique for a module which allows effective reduction of self noise and propagation noise can be provided.

Abstract: The present invention provides a technique which, without causing two problems, i.e., (1) increased number of power supply/grounding pins and (2) increased power feed line inductance, prevents the noise causing a problem in a control circuit, from becoming routed around and induced into an output buffer. More specifically, the above can be realized by using either of two methods: (A) providing an on-chip bypass capacitor for the control circuit and isolating a power feed route of the control circuit from that of the output buffer in an AC-like manner, or (B) designing electrical parameters (inserting resistors) such that the oscillation mode of any electrical parameter noise induced into the power feed routes will change to overdamping.

Abstract: To provide an exhaust gas purifying system and a control method therefor, capable of burning and removing PM collected at the downstream side of a DPF by utilizing HC and CO generated when performing the operation for recovering the NOx direct reduction type catalyst from a catalyst deterioration due to poisoning with sulfur.

Abstract: A NOx purging system using a direct reduction type NOx catalyst, wherein sulfur is purged while avoiding the occurrence of secondary sulfur poisoning, taking advantage of capability of recovery from deterioration caused by sulfur poisoning at exhaust gas temperature exhibited at normal operating zone, so that the influence of sulfur poisoning can be eliminated and NOx is efficiently purged; and a method of reactivating deteriorated catalyst therein. In particular, a NOx purging system (10) comprising exhaust gas passage (2) and, arranged therein, direct reduction type NOx catalyst (3), which NOx purging system (10) is fitted with first sulfur purge control means (222) for performing such first sulfur purge operation that when exhaust gas temperature (Tg) becomes higher than given set temperature (T1) during normal operation, not only is the oxygen concentration of exhaust gas decreased but also the exhaust temperature (Tg) is raised to not below sulfur purge temperature (Tr).

Abstract: A vehicle power supply for a hybrid-powered electric automobile is adapted to feed power to a motor-generator or regenerate power therefrom, and the motor-generator is caused to serve to produce vehicle-driving power. The vehicle power supply of the invention includes two power supplies having an electric storage device respectively. Discharge or regeneration is controlled so that one electric storage device is always maintained in a highly charged condition and the other electric storage device is always maintained nearly in an empty condition. Thus, a margin of regeneration is always kept, so that full use can be made of the regenerative brake whenever the use of the brake is required.

Abstract: This is a method for regenerating the NOx catalyst in a NOx purifying system provided in the exhaust passage with a direct reduction type NOx catalyst which directly decomposes the NOx during lean-condition operation and is regenerated at rich-condition operation, and the method prohibiting the rich-condition control when the temperature detected by a catalyst temperature detecting means is within the predetermined temperature range.

Abstract: Adequate controllability is ensured when feedback control is provided to both the EGR valve and the intake throttle valve, and switching shock is prevented when control is switched from one to the other. The present apparatus comprises an EGR valve, an intake throttle valve, feedback control means for providing feedback control to the EGR valve and intake throttle valve such that the actual EGR volume approximates the target EGR volume corresponding to the running condition of the engine, and limiting means for limiting the operable opening ranges of the EGR valve and intake throttle valve in accordance with the target EGR volume. During EGR control of one valve, feedback control is provided to the other valve and the target opening is constantly calculated. The actual operations are merely limited, so these operations can start from the optimal opening and the switching shock can be prevented when a switch is made to the control of the other valve.

Abstract: A compression-ignition internal combustion engine for conducting pilot injection and main injection beyond the top dead center, wherein pilot injection quantity and timing are optimized. A compression-ignition internal combustion engine, comprising a fuel injection valve for injecting fuel into a combustion chamber in a cylinder, the quantity and timing of the fuel injected through the fuel injection valve being controlled based on engine operating conditions; wherein pilot injection is carried out prior to the top dead center of compression, main injection is then carried out beyond the top dead center of compression, and fuel injection quantity and fuel injection timing of the pilot injection are set such that the maximum rate of heat release induced by the pilot injection is 60 kJ/s or less.

Abstract: A compression-ignition internal combustion engine for conducting pilot injection and main injection beyond the top dead center, wherein pilot injection quantity and timing are optimized.

Abstract: Adequate controllability is ensured when feedback control is provided to both the EGR valve and the intake throttle valve, and switching shock is prevented when control is switched from one to the other. The present apparatus comprises an EGR valve, an intake throttle valve, feedback control means for providing feedback control to the EGR valve and intake throttle valve such that the actual EGR volume approximates the target EGR volume corresponding to the running condition of the engine, and limiting means for limiting the operable opening ranges of the EGR valve and intake throttle valve in accordance with the target EGR volume. During EGR control of one valve, feedback control is provided to the other valve and the target opening is constantly calculated. The actual operations are merely limited, so these operations can start from the optimal opening and the switching shock can be prevented when a switch is made to the control of the other valve.

Abstract: A compression-ignition internal combustion engine for conducting pilot injection and main injection beyond the top dead center, wherein pilot injection quantity and timing are optimized. A compression-ignition internal combustion engine, comprising a fuel injection valve for injecting fuel into a combustion chamber in a cylinder, the quantity and timing of the fuel injected through the fuel injection valve being controlled based on engine operating conditions; wherein pilot injection is carried out prior to the top dead center of compression, main injection is then carried out beyond the top dead center of compression, and fuel injection quantity and fuel injection timing of the pilot injection are set such that the maximum rate of heat release induced by the pilot injection is 60 kJ/s or less.

Abstract: A wavelength converting optical device includes an optical waveguide which has a waveguide portion and a cladding portion, at least one of which is formed of a nonlinear optical material. A fundamental wave, incident on the waveguide portion from an input end face of the waveguide, is converted into an optical second harmonic wave by Cerenkov radiation and is radiated into the cladding portion. The radiated second harmonic wave is output from an output end face of the waveguide. A reflecting film is provided on the emerging end face of the waveguide. The reflecting film includes a high reflectivity with respect to the fundamental wave of a guide mode and a low reflectivity with respect to the optical second harmonic wave. A wave front converting element is arranged to oppose the reflecting film. The converting element has a diffraction grating for converting the second harmonic wave, emerging from the output end face of the waveguide, into a plane wave.

Abstract: An optical wavelength-converting device for generating the second-harmonic wave through Cerenkov radiation has a substrate made from nonlinear optical crystal which acts as a cladding layer. Formed on the top surface of the substrate is a long, narrow optical waveguide layer, whose refractive index is larger than that of the substrate. In the substrate, multi-layered domain-inverted sections are formed. With this arrangement, the nonlinear coefficient is locally changed, thereby compensating for phase mismatching between the fundamental wave and the second-harmonic wave in the direction perpendicular to the substrate's surface. This compensation helps improve the efficiency in converting the laser input light of the fundamental wave into the second-harmonic wave.

Abstract: A visible-light wavelength continuous oscillation laser is disclosed which has an N type GaAs substrate, an N type GaAlAs cladding layer formed on the substrate, and a non-doped GaAlAs active layer formed on the cladding layer. The laser further includes two N type GaAlAs layers, a P type GaAlAs optical guide layer, a P type cladding layer consisting of upper and lower portions, and a ridge section. The N type GaAlAs layers contact both sides of the ridge section. The optical guide layer is sandwiched between the upper and lower portions of the P type cladding layer, is located within the ridge section, and has a refractive index greater than that of the P type cladding layer. The distance between the active layer and the optical guide layer does not depend on the condition in which etching is performed to form the ridge section, but depends basically on the time required to grow crystal.

Abstract: In a semiconductor laser device, for emitting a laser beam having a wavelength .lambda., an n-type In.sub.0.5 (Ga.sub.1-x Al.sub.x)P first cladding layer is formed on an n-type GaAs substrate. An undoped InGaP active layer is formed on the first cladding layer and a p-type In.sub.0.5 (Ga.sub.1-x Al.sub.x).sub.0.5 P cladding layer is formed on the active layer. A p-type InGaP cap layer is formed on the second cladding layer and an n-type GaAs current restricting layer is formed on the second cladding layer. The aluminum composition ratio x of the cladding layer is 0.7. The active layer has a thickness of 0.06 .mu.m and the cladding layers have the same thickness H of 0.85 .mu.m. The active layer and the cladding layers have refractive indices n.sub.a and n.sub.c which satisfies the following inequalities:0.015.DELTA..sup.1/2 <d/.lambda.<0.028.DELTA..sup.-1/2and.DELTA.=(n.sub.a.sup.2 -n.sub.c.sup.2)/2n.sub.a.sup.2.

Abstract: In a semiconductor laser device, for emitting a laser beam having a wavelength .lambda., an n-type In.sub.0.5 (Ga.sub.1-x Al.sub.x)P first cladding layer is formed on an n-type GaAs substrate. An undoped InGaP active layer is formed on the first cladding layer and a p-type In.sub.0.5 (Ga.sub.1-x Al.sub.x).sub.0.5 P cladding layer is formed on the active layer. A p-type InGaP cap layer is formed on the second cladding layer and an n-type GaAs current restricting layer is formed on the second cladding layer. The aluminum composition ratio x of the cladding layer is 0.7. The active layer has a thickness of 0.06 .mu.m and the cladding layers have the same thickness H of 0.85 .mu.m. The active layer and the cladding layers have refractive indices n.sub.a and n.sub.c which satisfies the following inequalities:0.015.DELTA..sup.1/2 <d/.lambda.<0.028.DELTA..sup.-1/2and.DELTA.=(n.sub.a.sup.2 -n.sub.c.sup.2)/2n.sub.a.sup.

Abstract: A cooling medium temperature monitoring system for a rotary electric machine for cooling stator coils by as cooling medium flowing in a plurality of cooling medium passages provided in the stator coils, has a plurality of temperature detectors for measuring the temperatures of the cooling medium in the outlets of the plurality of cooling medium passages; and a circuit for setting the temperature warning value at a value which is responsive to the output of a generator, and a calculator circuit for comparing the detected outputs of the temperature detectors with the set value of the warning value setting circuit to generate an alarm signal when the output of any one of the detectors exceed the set warning value.