Abstract: A glass for a substrate, having an average thermal expansion coefficient in the range of from 60×10−7 to 75×10−7/° C. at 50 to 350° C., which consists essentially of the following composition expressed by wt %: wt % SiO2 more than 62 to 74, Al2O3  1 to 15, MgO  0 to 9, CaO  0 to 14, Na2O  0 to 12, K2O  0 to 13, SiO2 + Al2O3 72 to 82, MgO + CaO  5 to 24, Na2O + K2O  1 to 15, MgO + CaO + Na2O + K2O 18 to 28.

Abstract: The present invention provides a blue colored glass using a standard soda-lime-silica glass base composition and additionally iron and cobalt, and optionally chromium, as solar radiation absorbing materials and colorants. In particular, the blue colored glass includes about 0.40 to 1.0 wt. % total iron, preferably about 0.50 to 0.75 wt. %, about 4 to 40 PPM CoO, preferably about 4 to 20 PPM, and 0 to 100 PPM Cr2O3. The redox ratio for the glass of the present invention is greater than 0.35 up to about 0.60, and preferably between about 0.36 to 0.50. In one particular embodiment of the invention, the glass has a luminous transmittance of at least 55% and a color characterized by a dominant wavelength of 485 to 489 nanometers and an excitation purity of about 3 to 18 percent. In another embodiment of the invention, the glass has a luminous transmittance of at least 65% at a thickness of about 0.154 inches (3.

Abstract: The present invention provides a silicon nitride sintered body having characteristics such as excellent wear resistance, a method for manufacturing the sintered body, and a cutting insert formed thereof. The silicon nitride sintered body is formed of a polycrystalline sintered body of predominantly &bgr;-Si3N4, wherein the oxygen content is 1.2-1.5 wt. %. The method for manufacturing the silicon nitride sintered body includes the following steps: adding an organic binder to a composition containing silicon nitride as an essential component and exhibiting a theoretical oxygen content of 2.0-3.0 wt. %; heating to remove the binder; introducing an oxygen-containing gas so as to control the carbon content to 0.10-0.60 wt. %; and sintering a resultant compact in an nitrogen atmosphere to control the oxygen content to 1.2-1.5 wt. %. The cutting insert of the present invention has excellent wear resistance.

Abstract: A refractory castable composition is disclosed comprising one hundred weight percent of a refractory composition comprising from about 60 to 90 weight percent of a refractory aggregate, from about 2 to 25 weight percent of an ultrafine refractory material having an average particle diameter size less than or equal to about 3 microns, from about 0.5 to 15 weight percent of a binder, and from about 0.05 to 2.0 weight percent of a dispersant, wherein all or a portion of the ultrafine refractory material comprises a thermal black such that the refractory composition comprises from about 2 to 15 weight percent of the thermal black, and from about 3 to 10 weight percent water based upon 100 weight percent of the refractory composition, and wherein the water is present in an amount sufficient to achieve a castable consistency. A method of installing the refractory castable composition is also disclosed.

Abstract: An essentially non-slumping sprayable refractory castable composition that is applied without forms is disclosed comprising (a) a tempered, pumpable first component comprising (i) one hundred weight percent of a refractory composition comprising from about 60 to 90 weight percent of a refractory aggregate, from about 2 to 25 weight percent of an ultrafine refractory material having an average particle diameter size less than or equal to about 3 microns, from about 0.5 to 15 weight percent of a binder, and from about 0.05 to 2.

Abstract: A fused silica refractory material made from quartz grains and a method of making the material which contains calcium oxide binder in an amount less than one weight percent. The reduction in calcium oxide binder prevents the degradation of fused silica refractory bricks in furnace environments containing alkali vapors, such as in oxygen-fuel fired glass furnaces. The invention also includes a method of preventing the degradation of silica refractory material by alkalis.

Abstract: Difluoromethane (R-32) is of current interest as a partial replacement for chlorodifluoromethane (R-22) refrigerant heretofore widely used in vapor compression refrigeration systems. R-32 has, however, proved to be more reactive than is desirable with the zeolite A adsorbent-desiccant compositions used in such systems to prevent corrosion and freeze-up problems. The potassium cation form of a zeolite A molecular sieve—with at least 60 percent of the sodium cations replaced with potassium ions, agglomerated with a clay binder, and pore-reduced to essentially exclude the adsorption of R-32 having essentially no reactivity with difluoromethane, and having a surface ratio of silicon to aluminum of less than about 1.7 mol/mol as determined by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy—has been found to be an effective desiccant for refrigerants comprising difluoromethane.

Abstract: A resilient polyurethane foam produced by using a polyether polyol produced by reacting alkylene oxides with a polyhydroxy compound having at least 2 hydroxyl groups as an initiator in the presence of the catalyst for alkylene oxide ring-opening polymerization of the present invention, which is excellent in foam physical properties, vibration characteristics and molding properties.

Abstract: A method of making frangible, spray dried agglomerate catalyst supports is provided, e.g. of silica gel, which possess a controlled morphology of microspheroidal shape, preferably a rough, scabrous appearance, and interstitial void spaces which penetrate the agglomerate. The agglomerates also possess a 4-250 micron particle size, 1-1000 m2/gm. surface area, and an Attrition Quality Index (AQI) of at least 10. The method comprises dry milling inorganic oxide particles, e.g. silica gel, wet milling the dry milled inorganic oxide particles (to preferably impart a colloidal segment of <1 micron particles), and spray drying the particles. The high AQI assures that the agglomerates are frangible and that polymerization performance is improved. The controlled morphology is believed to permit the constituent particles of the agglomerates to be more uniformly impregnated or coated with conventional olefin polymerization catalysts.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of a catalyst useful for conducting carbon monoxide hydrogenation reactions, particularly Fischer-Tropsch reactions; the catalyst compositions, use of the catalyst compositions for conducting such reactions, and the products of these reactions. The steps of the process for producing the catalyst comprise impregnating a powder, or particulate refractory inorganic oxide solids, preferably silica, with a) a soluble compound or salt of a catalytic metal of the Iron Group, preferably cobalt, and b) a soluble compound, or salt, of a Group VIII noble metal, preferably platinum, suitably by sequential contact of the solids with a solution of (a) and a solution of (b), by sequential contact of the solids with a solution of (b) and a solution of (a), or by contact with a solution which contains both (a) and (b).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a new catalyst support material comprising a mixed oxide consisting essentially of a divalent metal and a trivalent metal in a substantially homogeneous phase, the mixed oxide being a calcination product of a hydrotalcite-like phase calcinated at a temperature of about 700-1200° C., wherein the divalent metal/trivalent metal molar ratio is greater than or equal to 2. The invention also relates to a process of preparing the support. The invention further provides a catalyst for dehydrogenation which includes a transition metal selected from the first row of transition metals of the periodic table and/or a Group VIII metal impregnated on the new catalyst support material. The invention also provides a process for dehydrogenation of light alkanes using the catalyst.

Abstract: A copper alloy comprising 0.1-7.3% of titanium and optionally comprising one or more of zinc, silicon and silver in amounts of 0.001-10%, 0.001-3% and 0.001-1%, respectively, wherein its surface layer contains an oxide containing titanium. This copper alloy exhibits sterilizing effect based on copper and antibacterial effect based on optical catalyst function resulting from the oxide which contains titanium dispersed in the surface layer. The oxide containing titanium can be produced by heating the copper alloy which has the above-mentioned composition and is produced in the usual manner to 200-800° C. to oxidize titanium preferentially. In the case that zinc and silicon are contained, these elements are also preferentially oxidized by the heating, so as to produce oxides. Thus, zinc exhibits antibacterial effect and sterilizing effect. Silicon exhibits hydrophilicity. Silver exhibits sterilizing effect.

Abstract: A substantially light-insensitive black and white monosheet thermographic recording material comprising a support and a thermosensitive element provided with a protective layer, the thermosensitive element containing a substantially light-insensitive organic silver salt, a 1,2-dihydroxy-benzene derivative in thermal working relationship therewith and a first polymer having active hydrogen atoms at least part of which has reacted with a first polyisocyanate selected from the group consisting of: hexamethylene diisocyanate, toluene diisocyanate, diphenylmethane diisocyanat, naphthylene diisocyanate and triphenylmethane-p,p′,p″-trityl triisocyanate; and the protective layer being exclusive of fluorine-containing compounds; and a thermographic recording process therefor.

Abstract: A decolorable image forming material containing a color former, a developer and a binder resin, in which the binder resin has a property that it is compatible with the color former when the material is in contact with a solvent and that it keeps the compatible state when the solvent is removed, or has a property that it shifts an equilibrium between the color former and the developer to a non-developed side when the temperature of the material is raised and that it keeps the state shifted to the non-developed side when the temperature of the material is lowered.

Abstract: An image receptor surface which receives an image of a sublimation dye thermally transferred thereto from a foundation sheet for formation of the image therein, the image receptor surface comprising a thermochromatic layer. The thermochromatic layer is a layer of a thermochromatic ink, and contains at least either one of an epoxy resin and an epoxy acrylate resin. The thermochromatic layer reversibly changes its color between an image concealable color and transparence in a predetermined temperature range. The image receptor surface may be formed of any of various materials or articles such as metals, wood materials, glass materials, ceramics, plastics, fabrics and fibrous materials for any applications, especially a mug.

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to the regulation of plant physiology, in particular to methods for inhibiting the ethylene response in plants or plant products, and has three embodiments. The first embodiment relates to methods of minimizing impurities capable of reversibly binding to plant ethylene receptor sites during the synthesis of cyclopropene and its derivatives such as methylcyclopropene, thereby avoiding the negative effects these impurities have on plants treated with cyclopropene and its derivatives. The second embodiment relates to complexes formed from molecular encapsulation agents such as cyclodextrin, and cyclopropene and its derivatives such as methylcyclopropene, in addition to cyclopentadiene and diazocyclopentadiene and their derivatives, thereby providing a convenient means for storing and transporting these compounds capable of inhibiting the ethylene response in plants, which are reactive gases and highly unstable because of oxidation and other potential reactions.

Abstract: The invention relates to a strain belonging to Exserohilum monoceras which shows the esterase zymogram pattern shown in FIG. 1, a weed-controlling agent containing the same, and a weed-controlling method using the same. The invention provides a novel strain belonging to Exserohilum monoceras excellent in herbicidal effects as well as in spore productivity.

Abstract: Storage-stable aqueous formulations comprising a) 0.1-60% by weight of a tetrahydrophthalimide of the formula I  where R1=H, F, Cl; R2=CH═C(Cl)—CO—B or CH═C(Br)—CO—B (B=C1-C6-alkyl, unsubstituted or substituted OH or SH); a group OR5, SR5, COOR5, OCH2COOR5, CH2—CO—OR6 or (C1-C6-alkyl)sulfonylamino; R5=H, C1-C6-alkyl, C3-C7-cycloalkyl, C2-C8-alkenyl, C2-C6-alkynyl, (C1-C6-alkoxy)carbonyl-C1-C6-alkyl or C1-C6-alkyloximino-C1-C6-alkyl R3=Cl, CN; R6=is H, C1-C6-alkyl, C2-C8-alkenyl, C2-C6-alkynyl, C3-C7-cycloalkyl, C1-C6-alkoxy-C1-C6-alkyl or C1-C6-alkyloximino-C1-C6-alkyl; b) 0.1-30% by weight of an anionic surfactant; c) 0.1-30% by weight of a non-ionic surfactant; d) 0.01-5% by weight of a thixotroping additive; e) 0-50% by weight of other herbicidal active ingredients; f) 0-20% by weight of other formulation auxiliaries, and g) 1-90% of water.

Abstract: A phenylacetylene derivative represented by the formula [I]: {wherein X is a halogen atom, a C1-C6 alkyl group, a C2-C6 alkoxy group, a C2-C6 haloalkyl group, etc., n is 0 or an integer of from 1 to 4, R1 is a C1-C6 alkyl group, R2 is a hydrogen atom, a C1-C6 alkyl group, a C2-C6 alkynyl group, a C2-C6 alkynyl group, a C1-C6 alkoxy group, etc., A is a C1-C6 alkylene group which may be branched, G is an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom or a —NR3— group; R3 is a hydrogen atom or a C1-C6 alkyl group, and Y is a hydrogen atom, a C1-C10 alkyl group, said group may be substituted by a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group or a C1-C6 alkoxy group], a C2-C6 alkenyl group, etc.; and an agricultural/horticultural fungicide containing the same as the active ingredient.

Abstract: The novel compounds of formula I: (A, B, R1, R2, R3, X and m are defined in the specification) show selective herbicidal activity. The new compounds can be prepared according to known methods and can be used as herbicides in agriculture and related fields.

Abstract: The invention relates to a novel antisprouting agent for tubers, said antisprouting agent comprising a mixture of essential oils obtained from aromatic plant in an amount sufficient to inhibit the growth of tubers optionally together with conventional additives and carriers.

Abstract: There are provided an effect enhancer for an agricultural chemical and an a chemical formulation which is not pharmaceutically harmful to various crops and can be safely used and which has an excellent effect enhancing function to various agricultural chemicals. The effect enhancer for the agricultural chemical comprises, as an effective component, a compound represented by the following formula (I): R—O[(EO)x(PO)y](EO)z—H, wherein EO is an oxyethylene group; PO is an oxypropylene group; R is a straight-chin or branched alkyl group or alkenyl group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms; x is a value of 1 to 30 on the average; y is a value of 1 to 30 on the average, and z is a value of 1 to 30 on the average. The agricultural chemical formulation composes the above-mentioned surfactant and a technical grade of active ingredient or an active compound for an agricultural chemical.

Abstract: Alkylated thianthrenes are high temperature stable lubricant fluids having excellent thermal stability, antiwear and load-carrying properties and excellent additive solubility as well as multifunctional additives for fuels.

Abstract: The invention provides for the use of copolymers containing structural units derived from the compounds of the formulae 1 and 2 in which R1 and R2 independently of one another are a terminally unsaturated alkenyl radical having 3 to 5 carbon atoms, R3 and R4 independently of one another are C1-C4 alkyl, R5 is H or C1-C4 alkyl, R6 is a branched or unbranched C1-C6 alkylene radical, X is an anion, and Y is an alkali metal or ammonium to prevent misting in water-based cooling lubricants.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compositions of base oils and automotive engine oils using synthetic poly alpha olefins derived from 1-dodecene or 1-tetradecene to improve engine oil performance as demonstrated by the severe Volkswagen T-4, Volkswagen TDI, and Sequence IIIE tests.

Abstract: A cleaning composition which includes a surfactant containing a phenyl group, a sulfonated aromatic compound, and water is prepared. The cleaning composition is especially useful for effectively removing deposited contaminants adhered mainly to a resist developing apparatus. Further, a derivative of aliphatic carboxylic acid and/or acetic ester can be added to the composition, as required. The cleaning composition is used mainly to clean a resist developing apparatus.

Abstract: This invention is directed to a surfactant comprising a heterocyclic group that results in superior cleaning in a dry cleaning system. The surfactant can have one or more heteroatom and can result in reverse micelle formation in a densified gas like densified carbon dioxide.

Abstract: A detergent tablet for fabric washing is compacted from particulate detergent composition(s) with a fabric conditioning agent present in one zone (20,26,36,40) of the tablet at a greater concentration than in another zone (22,24,28,30,42). The conditioning agent may be a softening agent in a zone or region which disintegrates later than another zone or region of the tablet.

Abstract: A laundry detergent composition comprises a cellulase having a ratio of tensile strength loss to antipilling properties of less than 1. A method of laundering cotton-containing fabrics with the composition is also disclosed.

Abstract: Hypochlorite bleaching compositions comprise a phosphate ingredient, for improved fabric whiteness and improved fabric safety.

Abstract: The invention provides azeotrope-like compositions consisting essentially of RfOCH3, where Rf is a branched or straight chain perfluoroalkyl group having 4 carbon atoms, and one or more organic solvent(s) selected from the group consisting of: straight chain, branched chain and cyclic alkanes containing 6 to 8 carbon atoms; cyclic and acyclic ethers containing 4 to 6 carbon atoms; ketones having 3 carbon atoms; chlorinated alkanes containing 1, 3 or 4 carbon atoms; chlorinated alkenes containing 2 carbon atoms, alcohols containing 1 to 4 carbon atoms, partially fluorinated alcohols containing 2 to 3 carbon atoms, 1-bromopropane, acetonitrile, HCFC 225ca (1,1,-dichloro-2,2,3,3,3 pentafluoropropane and HCFC- 225cb (1,3-dichloro-1,1,2,2,3-pentafluoropropane).

Abstract: A light duty, liquid comprising: an alkyl benzene sulfonate, an alpha olefin sulfonate, lauryol ethylenediaminetriacetate, and water.

Abstract: A high-concentrate flowable liquid anionic surfactant composition containing: (a) from 60 to 90% by weight of an alkyl ether sulfate corresponding to formula I: R1O(CH2CH2O)nSO3X  (I) wherein R1 is a linear or branched alkyl radical having from 12 to 22 carbon atoms, n is a number having a value of from 1 to 10, and X is an alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, ammonium, alkylammonium, alkanolammonium or glucammonium; and (b) from 10 to 40% by weight of an alkyl sulfate corresponding to formula II: R2OSO3X  (II) wherein R2 is a linear or branched alkyl radical having from 12 to 22 carbon atoms, and X is an alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, ammonium, alkylammonium, alkanolammonium or glucammonium, all weights being based on the total weight of the composition, and wherein the composition has a solids content of from 50 to 80% by weight.

Abstract: Low density detergent compositions, containing sulfate and an acidic dispersing aid combined with an alkaline source, which are capable of reacting together to produce a gas, are suitable for use in laundry washing methods.

Abstract: Perfumes and perfumed products comprising 3-alkylcycloalkan-1-ols of formula (I), wherein R1 represents hydrogen or a methyl, ethyl or propyl group; R2, R4 and R5 independently represent hydrogen or a methyl group; R3 represents a saturated hydrocarbon group with 4-8 carbon atoms, provided that the first carbon atom of this hydrocarbon group is not a tertiary carbon atom, and n represents the numbers 1, 2 and 3. The invention also concerns compounds of formula (I) wherein R1 represents a methyl, ethyl or propyl group and R2-R5 are as outlined above.

Abstract: Carrier compounds and compositions therewith which are useful in the delivery of active agents are provided. Methods of administration and preparation are provided as well.

Abstract: Provided herein are compositions comprising complexes of apolipoprotein E and ciliary neurotrophic factor. The apolipoprotein E can be any isoform, but is preferably apolipoprotein E3. Also preferred are covalent complexes of apolipoprotein E and ciliary neurotrophic factor, more preferably those formed by intermolecular disulfide bonds between cysteine residues. Further provided are methods of enhancing the survival of neural cells by administering a composition comprising a complex of apolipoprotein E and ciliary neurotrophic factor. The claimed methods can be carried out both in vitro and in vivo.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for treating a parasitic infection in a subject infected with a parasite having a plastid-like organelle, comprising administering to the subject an infection treating amount of a thiopeptide in a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. Methods for treating Cryptospordium, Toxoplasma or Plasmodium infection in a subject are also provided, each method comprising administering to the subject an infection treating amount of a thiopeptide in a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.

Abstract: Pleiotropic pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as TNF and IL-1, induce expression of a protein molecule, termed TSG-6, in connective tissue cells. TSG-6, or pharmaceutical compositions containing TSG-6, can be used to treat inflammatory diseases and disorders and cancer-related pathologies. Inflammatory diseases and disorders, or cancer related pathologies, can also be treated by introducing human cells transfected with a DNA molecule containing a DNA segment encoding TSG-6 protein, into humans to express therapeutically effective amounts of TSG-6 in vivo or by introducing a vector carrying a DNA segment encoding TSG-6 protein directly into humans in vivo.

Abstract: Methods for modifying polypeptide agents to enhance their transdermal electrotransport flux are provided. The polypeptide is modified by reducing the potential of the polypeptide for forming &agr;-helical or &bgr;-sheet segments. In particular, amino acid residues known to stabilize &agr;-helical and &bgr;-sheet segments can be replaced with destabilizing residues and known helix breakers. Modified molecules and compositions including the molecules are also provided.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for transporting neurologic therapeutic agents to the brain by means of the olfactory neural pathway and a pharmaceutical composition useful in the treatment of brain disorders.

Abstract: &bgr;-Amino-&agr;-hydroxycarboxylic acid derivatives represented by the following formula and salts thereof which are useful as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) protease inhibitors: The compounds are effective for treating a patient suffering from AIDS and AIDS related diseases.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are tetrapeptide derivatives of the formula X—NH—CHR1—C(W1)—NR2—CH[CH2C(O)—Y]—C(W2)—NH—CH[CR3(R4)—COOH]—C(W3)—NH—CHR5—Z wherein X is a terminal group, for example, alkanoyl or phenylalkanoyl radicals, R1 and R5 are selected from amino acid or derived amino acid residues, R2 is hydrogen, alkyl or phenylalkyl, R3 and R4 are hydrogen or alkyl or R3 and R4 are joined to form a cycloalkyl, W1, W2and W3 are oxo or thioxo, Y is, for example, an alkoxy or a monosubstituted or disubstituted amino, and Z is a terminal unit, for example, hydrogen, COOH or CH2OH. The derivatives are useful for treating herpes infections.

Abstract: Pharmaceutical compositions comprising compounds of the formula: in which X=H or is an N-protecting group; Y is 1-10 á-amino acids; Q1 and Q2 taken together represent the residue of a diol; R is C1-4alkyl; and the asymmetric carbon atom marked * may have the D- or L-configuration, are useful in therapeutic methods of inhibiting thrombin.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula (I) wherein A, R, R1, R2, X1, X2, X3, and Y are as defined herein, and the tautomers and the pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, including pharmaceutical compositions containing these compounds, and their use in the selective antagonization of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and in the treatment or prophylaxis of migraine or cluster headaches, non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, inflammation, allergic rhinitis, asthma, morphine tolerance, menopausal hot flashes, and diseases characterized by excessive vasodilatation and consequent reduction in blood-flow.

Abstract: Methods of treating an affective disorder in an individual are disclosed. Affective disorders include major depression, melancholic and atypical subtypes, and dysthymia.

Abstract: Use of stereoisomeric glycosidic compounds of formula (I) as pharmaceutical agents against psoriasis, compounds therefor and pharmaceutical formulations thereof wherein R1 and R2 are independently selected from —H, —OH, (1) and (2) and related esters and ethers thereto; R3 is selected from —H, (3), (4), (5), (6), (7) and (8) and related esters and ethers thereto; R4 is (9); R5 is selected from the group —CH3, —CHO, —COOH, —CH2OH and related esters and ethers thereto; R6 is selected from —OH, (10), (11), (12), (13) and (14) in the preparation of a medicament for the treatment of disease involving hyperproliferation of dermis cells.

Abstract: This invention relates to compounds of the formula and to pharmaceutically acceptable salts, prodrugs and solvates thereof, wherein R1 and R2 are as defined herein. The compounds of formula 1 are antibacterial and antiprotozoal agents that may be used to treat various bacterial and protozoal infections and disorders related to such infections. The invention also relates to pharmaceutical compositions containing the compounds of formula 1 and to methods of treating bacterial and protozoal infections by administering the compounds of formula 1.

Abstract: A compound of the formula wherein X=CH2 or NH, Y=H or Hal, Z=H or acyl of an organic carboxylic acid of 1 to 6 carbon atoms, R is W and W′ are individually H, Hal and alkyl of 1 to 8 carbon atoms optionally substituted by at least one halogen having antibiotic properties.

Abstract: The present invention encompasses methods of increasing stability of biological substances during drying and the dried compositions derived therefrom. The compositions have improved storage stability.