Abstract: This invention provides a silicic fertilizer using a slag produced in a preliminary treatment of a molten pig iron and imparted with a high soluble silica content, and a production method of such a silicic fertilizer. CaO is added and oxygen is blown into a molten pig iron while adjusting a basicity (CaO/SiO2) to 3 or below, and the molten pig iron is subjected to desiliconization and dephosphorization. The resulting slag is collected to produce the silicic fertilizer. This silicic fertilizer has a basicity (CaO/SiO2) of not greater than 3 and contains 15 to 35 mass % of soluble silica.

Abstract: A multi-draw wire drawing machine includes upper and lower wire drawing stations that are adapted to selectively operate together for multi-drawing operations, and independently of one another for single-draw operations.

Abstract: A pressing tool having an electric motor fed by a battery. The electric motor drives a gear pump with two rotor shafts which are accommodated in a hydraulic block. The rotor shafts are mounted in a gear housing on one side of the hydraulic block and in a cylinder housing of a piston cylinder unit which bears on an other side of the hydraulic block. This gear pump uses an extremely simple construction manner and simultaneously achieves a high delivery volume. The high delivery volume leads to an extremely low loading of the battery, by which its operational duration is increased.

Abstract: An article handling system and method comprising a flow path along which articles travel and a metal detection system to detect the passage of metal items along the flow path. The system has a metal detector test system to support a metal test piece and positively move it along the flow path, and a metal detector to detect the metal test piece.

Abstract: A sensor system comprising two or more electrically-independent piezoelectric cables, secure at intervals to a common rigid or semi-rigid structure or to themselves and spaced apart from one another, with one cable at any given instant coupled to an electrical drive signal and acting as a transmitter, the other cable or cables acting as a receiver and connected to electronic detection circuitry, such that a mechanical vibration signal is launched by the transmitter and detected by the receiver to enable the detection function of the other cable or cables as receivers to be checked.

Abstract: A yaw rate comparison road friction coefficient estimating section estimates a first road friction coefficient based on a high friction road reference yaw rate calculated according to a high friction coefficient road vehicle motion model in a high friction road reference value estimating section, a low friction road reference yaw rate calculated according to a low friction coefficient road vehicle motion model in a low friction road reference value estimating section, and an actual yaw rate calculated in an actual value estimating section. A final road friction coefficient estimating section calculates a present final road friction coefficient by weight-averaging a previous final road friction coefficient and the first road friction coefficient using a weight function established in a weight function establishing section. The weight function is variable according to a road roughness parameter produced in a road roughness detecting apparatus.

Abstract: Monitoring equipment comprising a part which defines a cavity, and input means to input fluid under pressure into the cavity. Mounting means are provided on the said part to enable an engine fuel injector valve or other fluid release device to be connected to the said part and to release fluid from the cavity intermittently when the system is in use. Control means are connected to issue a triggering signal to the fluid release device to cause the latter to release fluid from the cavity. A pressure sensor is coupled to the cavity to provide a measure of the pressure within the cavity.

Abstract: Leaks are detected in a vapor compression system using fluorescent and daylight visible in situants which are introduced to a system by way of a carrier and dissolved into the systems oil or lubricant. This invention teaches the use of POE oil as a universal carrier fluid, alone or in combination with an alcohol, and combined with one or more “in situants”. The in situants are compounds which are the same or substantially similar to compounds already present in oils or lubricants. An on-off UV light source, such as a xenon light, can the be used to visually detect the leak from the vapor compression system components.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for determining the viscosity of a fluid over plural shear rates caused by a decreasing pressure differential by monitoring the movement of the fluid through a riser tube and a capillary tube. The movement can be monitored by detecting the changing weight of the fluid, using a precision balance or load cell, as it moves through the riser tube and capillary tube into a fluid collector; or, alternatively, the movement can be monitored by detecting the changing level of a fluid column in the riser tube using a column level detector. A processor then uses the changing weight or height data, along with the dimensions of the capillary tube and a dimension of the riser tube, to determine the viscosity of the fluid. In addition, apparatus and methods for determining fluid viscosity online and fluid mixture homogeneity online are also described.

Abstract: A method for measuring viscosity of liquid, in which a liquid detecting piece 3 is vibrated by a vibrator 1, vibration of the liquid detecting piece 3 in liquid 4 is detected, and viscosity of the liquid 4 is measured from vibration thus obtained, the method comprising the steps of detecting frequency and amplitude which are variable attributable to liquid-specific visco-elasticity from the vibration, obtaining impedance of the liquid from the frequency and the amplitude, and obtaining a dynamic viscosity from a real number part and an imaginary number part of the impedance. There is also disclosed a method for measuring visco-elasticity of liquid comprising the step of obtaining a dynamic viscosity, a dynamic elasticity and a static elasticity of the liquid from a real number part and an imaginary number part of the impedance.

Abstract: A viscometer for measuring liquid viscosities based upon rotational deflections of a suspended bob. The viscometer comprises a deflection indicator, a deflection reader located at a spaced relative position with respect to the indicator, a rotating element which rotates in unison with the bob and includes either the deflection indicator or the deflection reader, and a magnetic bearing assembly which prevents any substantial change in the spaced, relative position of the deflection reader with respect to the deflection indicator.

Abstract: The present invention concerns the fabrication, reshaping, and repair of scanning probes (SPs), which are the most essential part of any scanning probe microscope (SPM). This is effected by controlled, possibly multi-stage chemical reactions between an SP surface and a reactive medium, which reactions, by appropriate selection and matching of chemicals to the material to be treated at the SP, and by appropriate control of the contact area and, eventually, of other parameters that govern the progress of the reactions such as the electrical environment, results in deposition, removal, or modification of material at well-defined regions on the surface of the SP, in particular at the very tip of the SP, e.g. as desired for aperture SPs (ASPs) used in scanning near field optical microscopes (SNOMs). The chemical reactions may preferably be electrolytic ones and/or performed while the SP is mounted in the SPM. The latter even enables repair of a damaged SP in situ.

Abstract: A method of testing the assembled state of an internal combustion engine and quickly and accurately judging whether there is at least one fault with the assembling of the engine. While an exhaust-valve side space (100) is closed and a crank shaft (18) is rotated at a constant speed, the pressure in the exhaust-valve side space and the pressure in a surge tank (96) are detected by pressure sensors (106, 98), respectively. The assembled state of an engine (90) is tested based on the predetermined conditions of the detected two pressures. Those predetermined conditions may be the crank-shaft angles when the two pressures take respective maximal values, the crank-shaft angles when the two pressures change from their constant states to their increasing or decreasing states, etc. Based on those values, incorrect phases of crank and cam pulleys, incorrect clerances of intake and exhaust valves, missing of a compression ring, etc. can be identified.

Abstract: An abnormality testing apparatus that accurately tests an abnormality at an early stage is disclosed. The apparatus includes means for manipulating a variable. The variable manipulating means computes the variable based on the state of the engine and manipulates the computed variable according to the state of the engine. The state includes a state in which the engine is not running. The apparatus performs at least one of the abnormality test and judgment whether a test condition is satisfied according to the variable.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for measuring the instantaneous torque of an engine by measuring the change in pressure in the combustion chamber at two crank angles. The crank angles are chosen to approximate the time when the change in pressure is the greatest and when the pressure is the greatest and the change in pressure is zero. These crank angles may be either determined by measuring the values or by approximating the crank angles at which the values will exist. In some instances, the torque is measured by summing the change in pressures during the time interval and in other methods the torque is measured by determining the pressure differences at the two crank angles.

Abstract: A device for measuring a volume of liquid drug. The device includes a first chamber containing liquid drug, a measurement chamber in liquid communication with the first chamber, and a measurement assembly.

Abstract: In a method of measuring the throughflow of a gas mixture, the gas mixture flows past a flow sensor which includes a heating device and a first temperature probe reacting to the temperature of the heating device. A temperature which is characteristic of the temperature of a liquid above which the gas mixture stands as vapor is measured with a second temperature probe. A first measurement signal characterizing the composition of the gas mixture and thus its heat dissipation capacity is produced by means of the known vapor-pressure curve of the liquid and the temperature of the liquid. A second measurement signal characterizing the throughflow of the gas mixture is produced by means of the heating power supplied to the heating device, the temperature of the first temperature probe and the first measurement signal. The method can be used when monitoring the gas return to a filling system and when controlling the gas pump used therein.

Abstract: A heat generation type flow sensor of an enhanced output sensitivity which is destined for use, for example, as an air flow sensor employed in an engine control system of a motor vehicle.

Abstract: An accelerometer has a substrate with a cavity therein, a heater extending over the cavity, and a pair of temperature sensitive elements each spaced apart from the heater a distance of 75-400 microns also extending over the cavity. On passing an electrical current through the heater a symmetrical temperature distribution is set up on both sides of the heater. On acceleration, this distribution moves and by measuring the temperature as sensed by the pair of temperature sensitive elements the acceleration that caused the shift can be calculated.

Abstract: A wheel speed sensor-mounting structure has a wheel speed sensor mounted on an attachment member fixed to a non-rotatable vehicular portion, such as a torque plate and a dust cover, by way of a fastener accessible from the outside of the drum brake.

Abstract: A package for a sporting device having a display and electrical components mounted on a pair of circuit boards includes a housing defining a chamber receiving the boards and the display, front and back covers on opposite sides of the housing, and a stiffener disposed between the boards. The packaging allows the sporting device to be attached to sports equipment such as ball catching gloves as well as parts of the body and clothing. For high impact loading, an optional shock-absorbing pad with spaced ribs can be mounted on a back face of the back cover.

Abstract: A compact and lightweight condition responsive sensor unit of printed circuit board construction includes a deflectable sensor plate integral within a multi-layered printed circuit board and suspended within a cavity formed between a pair of printed circuit boards. Flexure arms allow for movement of the deflectable sensor plate within the cavity in a direction generally perpendicular to the printed circuit boards. The deflectable sensor plate is formed of a conductive material and moves in response to acceleration, inclination, changes in pressure, and other conditions. The conductive, deflectable sensor plate may form the central plate of a differential capacitor, or other sensing means such as contact plates or proximity sensors may be used.

Abstract: A sensor chip has a support frame part, and sensor structure including at least one displaceable weight part, and a beam part for connecting the weight part to the support frame part, the sensor structure is formed on a silicon substrate through an insulating layer, the insulating layer between the sensor structure and the silicon substrate is removed, the beam part is formed of two parallel beams, the weight part is connected to the support frame part by two parallel beams, and at least two semiconductor strain gauges are formed on the surface of the two respective parallel beams.

Abstract: A sensor chip has a support frame part, and sensor structure including at least one displaceable weight part, and a beam part for connecting the weight part to the support frame part, the sensor structure is formed on a silicon substrate through an insulating layer, the insulating layer between the sensor structure and the silicon substrate is removed, the beam part is formed of two parallel beams, the weight part is connected to the support frame part by two parallel beams, and at least two semiconductor strain gauges are formed on the surface of the two respective parallel beams.

Abstract: In a method for examining objects using ultrasound according to the reflection process, in particular 3D scanning, the object is scanned with a sound head unit (1) with associated send/receive unit (2, 4) appropriate for volume scanning and the obtained echo data are stored in a volume memory (5) in clear assignation to the local coordinates of the reflection points. During scanning the spatial line density and/or the temporal repetition frequency, in which certain volume areas are scanned, is deflected by the contents of the information obtained or obtainable from these areas in such a form that areas having less information content are scanned more seldom and/or with less scanning density than areas having a higher information content.

Abstract: An environmentally sealed service block is mounted inside a field wiring compartment of a process fluid transmitter. The service block has field wiring terminals, sealed jumper assemblies and sealed pushbutton switches connected to a sealed cable and plug. The sealed plug plugs into a permanently sealed transmitter assembly. High impedance programming circuitry connected to the jumper assemblies and pushbutton switches is completely sealed and not subject to malfunction due to contamination present in the field wiring compartment.

Abstract: A device for measuring the rate of recovery of a foam sample under compression includes a compression surface engageable with the foam sample and a displacement transducer disposed in mechanical communication with the compression surface. A process of measuring the rate of recovery of the foam sample under compression includes exerting a compressive force on the foam sample such that the foam sample is compressed by a predetermined percentage of its thickness, releasing the compressive force, and measuring the thickness versus time of the recovering foam sample as it returns to its pre-deformed state.

Abstract: A tensile test apparatus and method for testing a circumferential weld on a tubular member wherein the tube region of the weld is completely supported by a mandrel and the tubular specimen is gripped on both sides of the weld along the specimen's longitudinal length with a very small separation distance between the tensile test grips. If there are any non-bonded defects in the weld, they are captured by the weld fracture surface as mesa or void features with an orientation different from that of a well bonded region.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a cyclone turbine flowmeter for extracting information about a flow rate or measuring the quantity of flow flowing in production facilities. The cyclone turbine flowmeter includes a cyclone turbine formed with flow channels for allowing liquids flowing in from the outside to receive rotary power, a rotor rotated by the liquids passed through the flow channels of the cyclone turbine, a turbine bearing manufactured so as to minimize frictional forces and at the same time, to have durability and resistance to chemicals, and a vibration isolation bearing constructed in such a manner of enclosing the turbine bearing and its turbine axle to prevent vibration.

Abstract: A respiratory flow sensor, which is suitable for use near a patient, covers a broad gas volume flow measuring range with a low breathing flow resistance and good, reproducible measured signal quality at the same time. The respiratory flow sensor has a first air resistance body (3) with a blunt end and with an opposite pointed end. The air resistance body (3) is arranged between the measuring transducer (5), of which there is at least one, and the patient-side end (P) of the respiratory flow sensor. The pointed end of the first air resistance body (3) points toward the measuring transducer (5). A second air resistance body (4) with a pointed end is arranged between the measuring transducer (5), of which there is at least one, and the end of the respiratory flow sensor that is away from the patient. The pointed end of the second air resistance body (4) also points toward the measuring transducer (5).

Abstract: The invention provides a biological sampling and storage container which is easy and sanitary to use, may be shipped through regular mail, and includes a drying material or desiccant for drying feces samples that are stored therein. The sampling and storage container consists of a body having a sampling chamber and a drying chamber which are in gaseous communication with each other. Preferably, a sampling wand is frictionally retained in the sampling chamber and the drying material is disposed in the drying chamber.

Abstract: In a method for detecting trace substances or environmental properties, wherein a collection structure including a collection-active material is layed out following a predetermined pattern, and, after a certain exposure time, the collection structure is reeled in and the collection structure is analyzed in a location-dependent manner, the analysis values are correlated with the layout pattern of the collection structure to establish an analysis value pattern over the area in which the collection structure was layed out.

Abstract: A reverse drive for a small vehicle includes a primary driven gear through which an external motor imparts a rotary motion to a first shaft. A worm gear is mounted on and rotates with the first shaft. A worm wheel is mounted on and rotates with a second shaft. The worm wheel engages and is rotated by the worm gear with a gear reduction being effected through engagement of the worm gear and the worm wheel so that the second shaft rotates at a slower speed than the first shaft. A clutch is mounted on the second end of the second shaft, which can be moved between an engaged position and a disengaged position.

Abstract: In a gear, particularly for a robot, with a drive shaft and at least two parts rotatable relative thereto and to one another, in which a movement of one part is removable on its side remote from the other part, at least one of the rotary parts has a shaft connected in non-rotary manner thereto and which projects at least to the other part.

Abstract: A six-degrees-of-freedom parallel mechanism for micro-positioning work is disclosed. This mechanism freely performs a desired motion of translation and rotation of a moving platform using internal and external links actuated by linear actuators capable of precisely controlling the link positions, thus being effectively used as a 6d of parallel mechanism required to carry out a variety of micro-positioning works within a limited workspace. In the mechanism of this invention, a moving platform 10 is placed at an upper position, with a multiaxial spherical joint 40 mounted to the central portion of the moving platform 10. A base platform 20 is placed at a lower position of the mechanism. Three external links 30 couple the moving platform 10 to the base platform 20, while three internal links 50 couple the multiaxial spherical joint 40 to the base platform 20. In this mechanism, the internal links 50 are commonly coupled to the multiaxial spherical joint 40 so as to form a tetrahedral structure.

Abstract: An actuator for the change speed shaft of a motor vehicle automatic transmission comprises a housing, an actuating shaft rotatably mounted in the housing, an electric motor, a reversible, low-loss reduction gearing by which the rotor of the electric motor is directly coupled to the actuating shaft, a pretensioned spiral spring forming an energy storing means by which the actuating shaft may be driven into the parking position independently of the electric motor, an electronic controller for driving the electric motor as a function of control signals, a coupling means for coupling the actuating shaft to the change speed shaft of the automatic transmission. Rotation of the actuating shaft by the coupling means is converted into angles of rotation of the change speed shaft which correspond to the control signals. The actuator replaces a conventional gearshift lever on an automatic transmission.

Abstract: A manipulator comprises a plurality of mutually movable arms, of which a first arm (3) is rotatably arranged around a first axis (A) and a second arm (7) is rotatably arranged around a second axis (B), cabling (12) extending along the mutually movable arms, and a supporting device (8) supporting a part of the cabling extending between the first arm and the second arm. The supporting device comprises a supporting arm (9) which, rotatable around a third axis (C), is arranged at the first arm and a first attachment (13) arranged in the outer end of the supporting arm and surrounding the cabling. The first attachment and the third axis are arranged on opposite sides of the longitudinal axis of the first arm. The supporting arm exerts a spring force directed along the cabling. The supporting device comprises an auxiliary arm (10) with a second attachment (15) arranged at the second arm.

Abstract: A safety device for supporting pedals in motor vehicles, especially passenger cars, with a bracket support arranged in the area of a wall area of a splash wall or bulkhead that is noticeably deformed into a passenger compartment in the event of a vehicle head-on collision, in which bracket support a pedal pivot shaft of at least one swivelling pedal, especially a brake pedal acting on a push rod, is mounted. At the same time, the pedal pivot shaft is mounted in the bracket support in a guide extending at least basically horizontally and having limits in each horizontal direction. In addition, the pedal pivot shaft in normal operation is fixed in a forward position of the guide, viewed in the forward direction of travel, and the fixing is neutralized in the event of a head-on collision.

Abstract: A new and useful invention is an attachable steering wheel rotating apparatus having the following qualities: friendly on the user's hand, friendly to the steering wheel, pleasing to the eyes, and above all a reliable yet simple and quick attachment and detachment system.

Abstract: A self-balancing device for a rotating machine part, includes an unbalance compensation disk, which is made through a non-cutting process and surrounds a rotation axis of a rotating machine element. A plurality of compensating masses is freely moveable in an interior space of the compensation disk and assumes automatically a position to compensate an unbalance of the machine element. The compensation disk includes a first half shell and a second half shell having two axial partition planes, which are spaced from one another in a radial direction, wherein the first and second half shells are non-detachably connected to one another.

Abstract: The device is adapted for the automatic securement of a cyclist's shoe on a bicycle pedal, particularly for an all terrain bicycle. It comprises on the one hand a chock (4) secured to a shoe sole (5) and disposed in a hollow of the latter comprising lateral edges extending on opposite sides of the chock (4), and on the other hand a front fixed claw and a rear movable claw (6) disposed on the pedal and adapted to secure the chock to the pedal. Each claw is adapted to coact with a female configuration disposed respectively at the front and the rear of the chock. The rear movable chock (6) is disposed between two fixed projecting members (22, 23) forming simultaneously a non-rearward return abutment and a lateral slope (26, 27) adapted to coact with the side edge (28, 29) of the hollow (7) of the sole (5) for the lateral disengagement of the shoe by lateral pivoting of the shoe.

Abstract: A cup-type wave gear device 1 comprises a cup-shaped flexible external gear 4 which has a boss 43 formed at its outer circumferential surface with an external thread 43b. An output shaft 6 is formed on its end surface with an annular recess whose inner circumferential surface is formed with an internal thread 61. The external thread 43b of the boss 43 is screwed into the internal thread 61 of the output shaft 6. The boss 43 is formed with a center through hole 43a having a regular hexagonal section, into which a commercially available wrench can be inserted. Making use of this through hole 43a, a commercially available wrench can be used to fasten the boss 43 to the output shaft 6 easily with a large fastening torque.

Abstract: In a front housing (1) including at a front end portion thereof an engine flywheel (6), there are provided a primary drive shaft (8) which is co-axial with the flywheel, a transmission shaft (11) which is parallel to the drive shaft, and an output shaft (13) which is co-axial with the drive shaft. The output shaft is connected to a speed change mechanism (17, 20) in a transmission case (2) succeeding to the front housing. A first supplemetary speed change mechanism (12) is disposed between the drive shaft and the transmission shaft, and a second supplementary speed change mechanism (14) is disposed between the transmission shaft and the output shaft. One of these supplementary change mechanisms is formed into a direction-reversing mechanism, and the other change mechanism is formed into a high/low speed-selecting mechanism.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for adjusting the parameters of a reducing gas stream prior to introduction into a direct reduction furnace, such parameters including temperature of the gas stream, and amount of hydrocarbon, carbon monoxide, and hydrogen contained in the reducing gas. The apparatus is placed in-line with the reducing gas recycle loop of a direct reduction furnace, which has an enrichment section which introduces hydrocarbon components to the main stream, and an oxygen/fuel injection system, located downstream from the enrichment section, which injects a shrouded stream of oxygen and hydrocarbon gas into the reducing gas stream. Temperature, carbon monoxide content, and hydrogen content of the reducing gas are adjusted by controlling the flow of oxygen and the ratio of hydrocarbon to oxygen injected in the oxygen/fuel injection system. Hydrocarbon content of the reducing gas is adjusted primarily by controlling the flow rate of the enrichment section.

Abstract: The forming tool has a structured forming surface having a high surface quality and uniform structure so that it accurately produces a predetermined structure in substrate.

Abstract: The cutting plate for a drill bit is press-formed from a powdery starting material. In the process, the cutting plate is arranged horizontally in the press die and the relative movement of top punch and bottom punch with respect to the die is effected parallel to the flank or flanks of the lateral supporting edge or edges. The novel method enables a variety of special design configurations of the cutting plates.

Abstract: The invention is an apparatus that aids in the manual locking and unlocking of four-wheel drive hub mechanisms. Two disc shaped plates are connected together with an elongated section of steel rod of a length of approximately six to eight inches. A channel of approximately ½inch in width is cut in the front surface of one of the discs for receiving the hub locking lever on the four-wheel drive vehicle. A section of a spongy textured material formed in the shape of a handgrip is wrapped around and secured to the rod section to provide a gripping surface. The extended length of the rod section allows for additional leverage which makes the locking and unlocking of the hub easier.

Abstract: System for fastening elements to be connected, which is useful mainly in carpentry and cabinetmaking, as well as in metallurgy, making it possible to fasten those elements that connect to each other while the connection is consolidated. The system for fastening elements to be connected comprises pliers (1) and some fastening forks (18) whose arms have a loop (20), the arms (2) and (3) of the pliers (1) having a positionable rotation shaft (8), since both arms have a lug (4) and (6), respectively, positioned in the center part thereof, lugs which overlap. A hole (5) and (7), respectively, is defined in each lug (4) and (6) and the shaft (8) passes through the hole and is positionable therein. The hole (5) has a toothed contour.

Abstract: An accommodating head for a tool which has an actuating tip and is intended for turning fastening elements, the tool having a drive element and an output element, it being possible for a torque to be introduced into the drive element and the tool being arranged in a rotationally fixed and pivotably mounted manner in the output element. In torque transmission from the actuating tip to the fastening element, the distance between the pivot axis of the actuating tip of the tool and the fastening element is small enough for the line of action of a force running along a longitudinal center axis of the output element to intersect the fastening element even in each pivoting end position of the tool and the actuating tip thereof.

Abstract: The present invention a multi-bit driver comprises a longitudinally oriented housing including a bit chuck at one end; a plurality of tool bits nested within said housing in a retracted position; and bit assemblies including tool bits and being operable to extend said tool bit from said retracted position to said extended position by a single longitudinal motion for selectively extending tool bits to an extended position and retracting said tool bits to said retracted position, such that in the extended position, said tool bits project from said bit chuck and are substantially longitudinally aligned with said housing.