Abstract: A copper-plating electrolyte includes an aqueous copper salt solution, a water-soluble &bgr;-naphtholethoxylate compound having the formula 1

Abstract: The present invention relates to a copper electroplating bath composition and method of using it for microelectronic device fabrication. In particular, the present invention relates to copper electroplating in the fabrication of interconnect structures in semiconductor devices. By use of the inventive copper electroplating bath composition, the incidence of voids in the interconnect structures is reduced.

Abstract: An electrodepositing solution for low-potential electrodeposition is disclosed which is used in an electrodeposition method and a photoelectrodeposition method and which can improve the film formability under the application of a low voltage, suppress the elution of metal ions and stably form by deposition an electrodeposition film having a uniform thickness, a uniform color density and a smooth surface. The electrodepositing solution permits an electrodeposition film of an electrodeposition material to be formed by deposition on a conductive material upon application of a voltage between the conductive material and a counter electrode. The electrodeposition material contains an electropositive polymer material which contains, as at least one component thereof, a copolymer consisting of a hydrophobic monomer, a hydrophilic monomer and a plastic monomer.

Abstract: A process for the electrochemical preparation of hydrogen peroxide, in particular an aqueous hydrogen peroxide solution, by the electrochemical reaction of oxygen and hydrogen in a fuel cell. By increasing the thickness of the membrane layer in a membrane electrode unit (MEU) in the fuel cell, it is possible to substantially increase the concentration of H2O2 in the aqueous hydrogen peroxide solution obtained at the cathode.

Abstract: A system and method for preparing a plastic bag especially useful for carrying electronic products by extruding spaced apart ribs onto the interior surfaces so that the bag volume is greater, so that a greater amount of VCI or anti-static material can be carried in the bag volume and providing greater surface area for outgassing of the VCI into the bag interior. The ribs also facilitate insertion of items into the bag and prevent clinging of the bag interior surface to flat portions of the product carried therein.

Abstract: A soft enclosure for an external data storage device or other electronic devices in their storage, carrying and operating mode comprises a soft outside enclosure and a soft inside enclosure. The soft outside enclosure is made of a durable fabric, polymeric or leather material. The soft outside enclosure is easily opened and closed with a variety of means such as zipper or velcrel without tool. To ease the quick interconnect with a variety of data storage devices having an equivalent electrical interface, the soft enclosure comprises two compartments wherein a physically flexible mechanical connector interchanger is disposed inside a first compartment separated from a second compartment enclosing the data storage device. Additional expansion compartments can also be integrated onto the soft enclosure for the direct connection of additional electronic modules or other accessories to the data storage device.

Abstract: Folding box 1 for goods such as glasses, bottles, jars or similar products, in particular for cosmetics articles, having a rectangular pack casing, and having a lid part 41 which is connected on the border side of said pack casing and is provided with an insertion flap 45 which engages in the pack casing, wherein articulated in the base region 30, on one of the four side walls 11, 12, 13, 14 which form the pack casing, is a base part 33 provided with an insertion flap 35 which engages in the pack casing, there being articulated on the insertion flap 35 an extension 70 which forms an inner base and at least comprises an inner-base flap 71, which is articulated on the insertion flap 35, and an adhesive flap 72, which is articulated on the inner-base flap 71 and, with the folding box 1 in the completed state, is adhesively bonded to the side wall 13, which is located opposite the side wall 11, which is in contact with the insertion flap 35.

Abstract: An article of sheet form and a shipping case for the article are disclosed. The shipping case comprises two paperboard sheets which are so shaped that they are first and second polygonyl sheet members with opposed major surfaces and n edges. The sheet members have central portions which are substantially coextensive with the major surfaces of the article, while the n edges surround the central portions of the major surfaces. There are at least three pairs of opposed, substantially coextensive flaps, each of which extends outwardly beyond the central portions of the members to an edge . Each of the flaps is integral with the central portion of one of the members, which are positioned so that one is on each side of the article and the article is sandwiched between the central portions of the members. There is a body of an adhesive disposed between facing surfaces of the flaps of each of the pairs.

Abstract: The packaging box includes an inner box body 20 and an outer box body 10 each made of paper. In the inner box body 20, a protection box portion 21 for protecting the screw portions 3d and the outer side electrodes 3e of the spark plugs 3 is formed by being bent. Screw portion insertion holes 30 capable of passing the screw portions 3d of the spark plugs 3 therethrough and bent tabs 32 being bent at the inside of the protection box portion 21 are provided on the upper surface of the protection box portion 21. The lower surfaces of the large diameter portions 3c of the metallic shells of the spark plugs are supported by the upper surface of the protection box portion 21 including the bent edges 31b of the bent tabs 32.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a tissue paper case structure having an appropriate stacking restriction, comprising a case body and a lifting plate; wherein the case body has a corresponsive protruding member being disposed at a predetermined position on sidewalls at the top section; the lifting plate being disposed in the interior of the case body, and has a plurality of latch holes on both sides of the lifting plate; and the above structure constitutes the case structure. In addition, the lifting plate is placed into the case body so that both sides of the lifting plate pass through the upper flange of the protruding member at a predetermined height, and it allows a stack of neatly folded tissue paper sheets being placed in the case body, and a lid is used to cover the case body, so that the user can draw the tissue paper out from the opening of the lid.

Abstract: A novel solid pharmaceutical dosage formulation of hydrophobic drugs is disclosed, which provides enhanced dissolution and improved bioavailability.

Abstract: A multiple fragrance kit for enabling a user to create their own personalized perfume. The kit comprises at least two scents disposed within a container. The scents are formed from a pressed perfume powder and each have a unique scent. The user can blend their own perfume by mixing the different scents together on the user's wrist and then applying the desired fragrance to the user's body. The fragrance kit additionally comprises a recipe card showing the proper proportions of scents to mix together to achieve certain fragrances.

Abstract: Folding box 1 for goods such as glasses, bottles, jars or similar products, in particular for cosmetics articles, having a rectangular pack casing, and having a lid part 41 which is connected to the border side of said pack casing and is provided with an insertion flap 45 which engages in the pack casing, wherein in each case one intermediate flap 21, 22, 23, 24 is articulated, in the base region 30, on each of the four side walls 11, 12, 13, 14 which form the pack casing, the intermediate flaps 21, 22, 23, 24 all being of the same height, and wherein in each case one base flap 31, 32, 33, 34 is articulated on each of the four intermediate flaps 21, 22, 23, 24, in each case two of the base flaps 31, 32, 33, 34 being adhesively bonded to one another such that the base 30 automatically closes as the folding box 1 is erected.

Abstract: A modified alumina is useful as metals passivator in fluidizable catalytic cracking catalysts. The modified alumina is prepared from a hydrated alumina, e.g., gibbsite, which is reacted with a low-molecular weight organic acid, e.g., acetic acid, forming aluminum salts. Calcination of the modified alumina results in decomposition of the aluminum salt.

Abstract: A method for separating used oil in a simple batch process into usable fractions. A pretreatment step involves forming a mixture of the used oil and specified pretreatment chemicals. A reduced pressure is maintained throughout the process along with mixing of the formed mixture. Heat is applied at a predetermined rate corresponding to vaporization and recovery of usable fractions of aqueous, light hydrocarbons, base oil, and a pumpable residual. Each distillate fraction is removed as a vapor, condensed and collected. Undesirable cracking is avoided by maintaining a reduced pressure and avoiding rapid or localized heating within the mixture by mixing during the distillation process. The resulting aqueous and light fractions can be reused in the process or otherwise used. The pumpable residual can also be sold as a high quality asphalt extender. The recovered base oil fraction may be sold as a diesel fuel extender, lubricant, catalytic cracker feed stock, or #4 fuel oil for stationary power generators.

Abstract: An automated banking machine (10) includes a user interface (12) including an opening (20). Users of the machine deliver individual sheets and stacks of sheets to and from the machine through the opening. Stacks of sheets may include sheets such as notes, checks or other documents. Stacks input to the machine may include mixtures of various types of sheets. The machine operates to receive notes, process checks and perform other operations. Notes received in the machine may be recycled and dispensed to other users. Checks processed by the machine may be imaged by an imaging device, cancelled and stored in the machine or alternatively returned to a user. Documents produced by the machine such as receipts, checks or money orders as well as notes dispensed from the machine are assembled into a stack within the machine and delivered from the machine through the opening.

Abstract: A system and method for assisting an operator in sorting mail includes a wireless headset equipped with a microphone, and a workstation that includes a processing unit, voice-recognition and voice-synthesis circuitry, and a database. In operation, addressee information spoken into the microphone is transmitted to the workstation where it is used to search the database. Destination information from a matching database record is then output to the operator on one or more of a display terminal, headset speakers, and heads-up display fixed to the headset. The convenience and enhanced capability provided by this system streamlines operator productivity and sorting volume.

Abstract: A semiconductor device testing system is provided which can efficiently utilize a plurality of semiconductor device testing apparatus. There are provided a host computer 2 for controlling a plurality of semiconductor device testing apparatus 1A, 1B, and 1C, and a dedicated classifying machine 3. Storage information memory means 4 for storing storage information of each semiconductor device such as a number assigned to each tested semiconductor device, the test results of each semiconductor device, and the like is provided in the host computer 2. Without sorting the tested devices or with the sorting operation of the tested devices into only two categories in the handler part 11 of each testing apparatus, the tested devices are transferred from the test tray to a general-purpose tray, and during this transfer operation, the storage information of each device is stored in the storage information memory means.

Abstract: A cartridge based water purification and filtration system which permits cartridge changes without drainage at the input and output ports. Interlocking flanges at the manifold and cartridge lock the cartridge to the manifold and raised surfaces at the cartridge operate the inlet valve with a rotational seating of the cartridge. A spring biased inlet valve depends from a supply manifold input port and cooperates with the filter cartridge to prevent forward flow until the cartridge is seated to the manifold. The check valve includes a split stem which prevents chatter with valve operation.

Abstract: A drain valve for a fuel filter water separator for an internal combustion engine has a first port mating with the vent opening of the separator, a second port mating with the drain opening of the separator, and a third port. The drain valve is actuatable between a closed position blocking communication of the first port with the third port and blocking communication of the second port with the third port, and an open position providing communication of the first port with the third port and providing communication of the second port with the third port. If the valve is actuated to the open position when the engine is off, collected water and vent air each flow through the third port but in opposite directions. If the drain valve is actuated while the engine is running, pressurized fuel spray from the vent opening and collected water from the drain opening of the separator each flow through the third port in the same direction.

Abstract: An improved vertical filtration unit which includes an airlift and a washbox designed for more efficient washing of dirt particles from the filtration material. The washbox consists of a filter media shield, and a washbox skirt for washing of the filtration material. A throttling valve on the wash water discharge line regulates the overall cleaning rate of the unit. The filtered liquid is discharged via a riser pipe which feeds into a filtered liquid box before exiting the filtration unit.

Abstract: A filter element (15) for filtering a liquid or gaseous medium including a pleated filter (16) of paper or non-woven fabric, and end plates (17, 18) on end faces of the filter element, with the end plates preferably being made of thermoplastic synthetic resin material, at least one of the end plates carrying a sealing element (19, 25, 27, 28) which is connected to the end plate by at least two lateral surfaces (20, 21).

Abstract: A device is provided for the sequestration and concentration of polar chemicals from water. The device includes a microporous hydrophilic membrane enclosure formed by a tube or facing membranes.

Abstract: A system for the retrieval and initial conditioning of sample gas for “on line” analyzers or filling of gas sample cylinders. The preferred embodiment of the present invention contemplates a system configured to obtain a representative gas phase sample from a process gas containing entrained liquid, or a process gas which generally is highly susceptible to partial condensation of some gas phase components. The preferred embodiment of the present invention teaches an assembly including a phase separation membrane and housing configured to facilitate the removal of entrained liquid from a sample gas stream. Accuracy of the sample is enhanced, and compositional changes are avoided by first extracting a sample from the process gas followed by removal of entrained liquid it may contain, with the entrained liquid removal being conducted at the prevailing process gas pressure and temperature.

Abstract: A method for improving the efficiency and usable life in a cross flow membrane filter used to remove contaminants from bilgewater. The bilgewater is passed upstream of the cross filter membrane through a fluid-pervious filtration media which has been infused with an absorbtion composition comprising a homogeneous thermal reaction product of an oil component selected from the group consisting of glycerides, fatty acids, alkenes, and alkynes, and a methacrylate or acrylate polymer component. The contaminants are thereby immobilized at the media. The purified output from the infused filtration media is then provided as input for the cross flow membrane filter.

Abstract: Improved liquid chromatography systems having components made of titanium, stainless steel, or organic polymeric material are useful in the separation of polynucleotide fragments, particularly large fragments of double-stranded polynucleotides, by Matched Ion Polynucleotide Chromatography (MIPC). The titanium, stainless steel, or polymeric components are treated so that they do not release multivalent cations into aqueous solutions flowing through the chromatography system. Alternatively, or in addition to utilizing materials made of the components listed above, a multivalent cation capture resin placed upstream of the separation column can be employed to remove multivalent ions from the system. The multivalent cation capture resin can be contained in a guard disk, a guard column, or a guard cartridge.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel device for separating plasma from a whole blood sample on a treated microporous membrane. An advantage of the present invention is that the sample can be assayed on the membrane after separation has occurred. A lateral flow chromatographic assay membrane has a sample application zone, a separation zone, and an analysis zone. An erythrocyte binding agent is added to the membrane in an amount sufficient to bind any erythrocytes present in the sample. Methods for using such devices are disclosed also.

Abstract: Glycerin is effectively produced from a waste oil by a method comprising adding a strongly alkaline reducing water obtained by electrolyzing water containing sodium chloride to a waste oil selected from the group consisting of a waste edible oil, a fossil fuel waste oil and a mixture thereof, and extracting natural glycerin or synthetic glycerin by chemical reaction. Further, reusable edible oil is produced from a waste edible oil by a method comprising electrolyzing an aqueous solution having an electrolyte in an electrolytic cell, mixing a strongly alkaline reducing water generated at a cathode side of the electrolytic cell with a waste edible oil under ordinary temperature condition, and conducting oil/water separation, thereby purifying the waste edible oil to an extent such that it can be edible.

Abstract: This invention describes a process and apparatus for the removal of heavy metals, particularly arsenic, from water. The process consists in promoting the circulation of the water to be treated in an electrolytic cell equipped with iron, or iron alloy, electrodes, while the contemporary insufflation into the cell of a gas, partially or totally composed of oxygen. In this way the iron of the anode electrodes dissolves as iron hydroxide. The ferrous hydroxide thus generated, under the action of the oxygen contained in the insufflated gas, is converted to ferric hydroxide, which, through a complex mechanism, adsorbs and forms insoluble complexes with the arsenic ions. By this process both forms of arsenic, As(lll) and As(V), are equally removed. The treated water is further processed by conventional clarifying and filtering processes.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for acoustically enhanced particle separation uses a chamber through which flows a fluid containing particles to be separated. A porous medium is disposed within the chamber. A transducer mounted on one wall of the chamber is powered to impose on the porous medium an acoustic field that is resonant to the chamber when filled with the fluid. Under the influence of the resonant acoustic field, the porous medium is able to trap particles substantially smaller than the average pore size of the medium. When the acoustic field is deactivated, the flowing fluid flushes the trapped particles from the porous medium and regenerates the medium. A collection circuit for harvesting the particles flushed from the porous medium is disclosed. Aluminum mesh, polyester foam, and unconsolidated glass beads are disclosed as porous media.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for purifying water including groundwater contaminated with a pollutant such as organohalogenated compounds are provided. The contaminated water is purified by aeration to expel the pollutant into gas phase, and the pollutant containing gas is then mixed with a chlorine-containing gas under light irradiation to decompose the pollutant, where the chlorine-containing gas may generated from functional water by aeration.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a pulsed electric-field system for rupturing and destroying molecular cellular units of waste-activated sludge to thereby liberate intra-cellular water molecules from the solids-content thereof. The waste-activated sludge is contained in waste sludge, such as paper-pulp sludge, municipal waste sludge, animal or plant waste sludge. The pulsed-electric field is generated by an electroporating device producing a non-arcing pulsed electric field. The released intracellular dissolved/organic matter may be recycled back to an aeration tank for supplying food to bacteria of the aeration tank for performing aerobic digestion thereon, whereby the intracellular, dissolved organic matter is used as food for the bacteria of the aeration tank, whereby the aerobic digestion process is accelerated.

Abstract: Embodiments of a portable water filter are described and shown, each embodiment being adapted to fit and seal into a bottle neck without modification of, or attachment to, the bottle or its cap or other closure. The filter has a flange system that rests on the lip of the bottle neck and that has slanted or curved surfaces to seal with the neck and the bottle cap when the cap is screwed onto the bottle. The filter further includes a connector for attachment to a straw for an alternative use of the filter in a cup or mug. The filter water inlets are preferably in the lower region of the filter housing, to facilitate suctioning of the liquid from the bottom of the cup or mug even when the liquid level is low.

Abstract: A method for removal of solids in a water treatment system having multiple filters, each filter comprising an air backwash system and a water backwash system, comprising a series of steps to enable two filters to be in some stage of the backwash process at the same time thereby reducing the time the filter is out of service. The continuous cycling of the backwash method is characterized by a continuous cycle of backwashing that backwashes two filters simultaneously. The backwashing method requires three steps, an air-only backwash, an air/water bashwash and a water-only or rinse backwash. In this method, as one filter is at the water-only backwash stage, the backwash cycle of a second filter is started so that the second filter is air/water backwashed while the first filter is at the water-only backwashed stage.

Abstract: The invention relates to a rack for supporting cask-type containers. The rack comprises a plurality of modular structures each suitable for receiving a single container, each modular structure presenting a back vertical mean plane and a substantially parallel front vertical mean plane, and having top fixing points, bottom fixing points, and support means close to said bottom fixing points, said support means being substantially contained in a horizontal plane so as to support a container. The modular structures are connected to one another via their fixing points on a horizontal axis and on a vertical axis so that each upper modular structure straddles two lower modular structures.

Abstract: The invention is directed towards installation free death care merchandise display units. The display unit comprises a main display made of a plurality of side wing wall panels movably connected to a wall panel. Thus, the side wing wall panels and the back wall panel maintain each other in an upright position when the display unit is in a set up, displaying state.

Abstract: A protective packaging unit for a bottle or jar is described. Said unit comprises a molded plastic sheath which is closed at the top, open at the bottom, possesses a means for releasably holding the bottle or jar, and has cutaway sections in opposite sides that enable the bottle or jar to be grasped between finger and thumb and pulled from the sheath. The packaged consumer product comprising the bottle or jar and the sheath is easy to assemble and to use.

Abstract: The optimization of a CMP process provides the use of an auxiliary layer (4) between a dielectric (1) in the vicinity of patterned portions and a layer of a liner (2). If the liner (2) is perforated in the CMP process, then the undercutting of the liner (2) by the chemical removal of the auxiliary layer (4) simplifies the process overall. Advantages are significantly lower defect densities due to CMP scratches, fewer short circuits, fewer alignment errors.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a silicon wafer including the step of flattening fine roughness existing on a side face of a silicon block or a silicon stack used for manufacturing the silicon wafer.

Abstract: A method of forming a pattern, which comprises forming a first resist film on a surface of a substrate, patterning the first resist film to form a first resist pattern, and forming a covering layer containing silicon or a metal on the first resist pattern by making use of a coating method using a solution containing a solvent which is incapable of dissolving the first resist.

Abstract: A circuit breaker having a hybrid arc-extinguishing function includes: an upper shell; a lower shell coupled to the upper shell to form an extinguishing chamber (S) filled with an insulation gas; a movable electrode movably installed at the upper shell and having an exhaust channel for discharging a gas inside the extinguishing chamber (S) outwardly; a fixed electrode having an exhaust channel fixed at the lower shell and positioned at a coaxial line with the movable electrode, through which the gas inside the extinguishing chamber (S) is discharged outwardly, the movable electrode being movable being movable to a position where it contacts with the fixed electrode and to a positioned where it is separated from the fixed electrode; a magnetic coil arranged around the fixed electrode to form a magnetic field for a rotation of an arc, and receiving a conductive current from the movable electrode as being shared with the fixed electrode when the movable electrode is positioned contacting with the fixed electrode

Abstract: The single-phase circuit-breaker comprises at least one interrupting chamber formed by an insulating tube filled with an insulation gas, and it comprises at least one current transformer whose secondary is disposed in air around the primary at one end of the tube. The primary is at the high voltage electrical potential of the phase and is constituted by an annular metal support. The secondary is subjected to a high voltage electrical potential that is practically equal to the potential of the primary. The current transformer is thus integrated in the circuit-breaker, and the measurement electronics associated with the secondary can be located in air close to the secondary.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the MIG welding, in spray mode without current modulation or in pulsed mode, of aluminum and aluminum alloys, with the use of a gas shield for at least part of the welding zone. According to the process of the invention, the gas shield is a gas mixture consisting, by volume, of from 0.8% to 1.80% oxygen and from 15% to 99.99% helium, and possibly containing a balance of argon. Preferably, the gas mixture contains at least 1% oxygen.

Abstract: To uniformly generate plasma using microwaves in a processing vessel. To first to fourth feeding sections 141a to 141d which are evenly placed on the same plane perpendicular to an axial direction of a main coaxial line 123, four microwaves shifted in phase by 0°, 90°, 180°, and 270° are fed from first to fourth microwave supply sections 142a to 142d.

Abstract: The invention relates to fused silica having low compaction under high energy irradiation, particularly adaptable for use in photolithography applications.

Abstract: The invention relates to a machine for butting two metal bands (M1, M2) and a method for implementing such a machine.

Abstract: An underwater laser processing apparatus includes an optical unit and a nozzle. The optical unit irradiates a condensed laser beam generated by a YAG laser oscillator to a certain point on a underwater workpiece. The nozzle has a gas exit for supplying a gas to the certain point. In the nozzle, an area surrounding the gas exit extends to the surface of the workpiece. This area keeps the supplied gas between the nozzle and the workpiece to improve the underwater laser process.

Abstract: A steering wheel includes a rim having a structural core, an outer casing, and a heating device for heating the outer casing. The core includes a frame and an insulating layer formed around the frame. The heating device includes a layer of electrically conductive plastic surrounding the core, and a pair of electrodes extending along the length of the conductive layer. The electrodes extend substantially along the entire peripheral length of the conductive layer, and the conductive layer encapsulates the insulating layer and the electrodes. The conductive layer heats the outer casing, which can be a decorative layer comprised of one or more wood, leather, film, and lacquer, when current flows through the electrodes. The electrodes are positioned along the conductive layer to allow current to uniformly pass along the periphery of the steering wheel rim into the conductive layer.

Abstract: The present invention is to provide a glow plug (1) with an ion current detecting function, which is mounted in a combustion chamber of a Diesel engine. The glow plug includes an insulator (8); a heating element (6) embedded in the insulator and energized through a pair of lead wires (11a, 11b) to generate heat; and an ion current detecting electrode (14) embedded in the insulator with a portion exposed into a flame in the combustion chamber so that an ionization state in the flame can be detected. The heating element of the glow plug promotes ignition and combustion of fuel in the combustion chamber (7) due to its heating action caused when running the heating element hot. The ion current detecting electrode detects an ionization state in the combustion flame. When detecting ion current, the ion current detecting electrode and the adjacent inner wall of the combustion chamber form two electrodes for capturing positive and negative ions existing between both when burning the fuel.

Abstract: A glow plug and a process for joining a heating rod of a glow plug to a glow plug body such that a centered force fit between the heating rod and the glow plug body is produced by the radial force acting on the glow plug body.