Abstract: The present invention provides for a method and apparatus for protecting a vehicle from a plurality of harmful airborne agents. The method comprises the steps of generating a plurality of charged particles from a charged particle source mounted on said vehicle for imparting the vehicle with a positive charge and irradiating the harmful airborne agents with radiation from a radiation source which is also mounted on the vehicle for forming positively charged harmful airborne agents for protecting the vehicle by electrostatic repulsion.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a static electricity removal apparatus which is capable of raising an alternating rate at which ions are generated according to the speed of the charged objects using a high-frequency high AC voltage, resulting in an increase in a static electricity removing efficiency. The static electricity removal apparatus comprises at least one discharge electrode assembly including a plurality of needle-shaped electrodes aligned with each other, each of the needle-shaped electrodes generating ions using a corona discharge under the condition that it is provided with a high-frequency high AC voltage, a ground electrode for inducing ion generation by each of the needle-shaped electrodes, and a high-frequency high voltage generation unit connected to the discharge electrode assembly, the voltage generation unit generating the high-frequency high AC voltage to be provided to each of the needle-shaped electrodes of the discharge electrode assembly.

Abstract: It is to provide an electrostatic chuck member having a strong adsorption force and an excellent responsibility (release property) in the stop of voltage application and is an electrostatic chuck member comprising a substrate, an undercoat of a metallic layer formed on at least one surface thereof, a lower insulating layer of Al2O3 ceramic formed on the undercoat, a metallic electrode layer formed on the lower insulating layer and an upper insulating layer of Al2O3 ceramic formed on the electrode layer as a topcoat.

Abstract: The invention provides a modular distribution system having central distribution panel for receiving a plurality of services at an input and having a plurality of outputs each connected to an outlet at a remote location. A central region is provided in the central distribution panel having a plurality of module receiving connectors each having a first portion connected to the input and a second portion connected to one of the plurality of outlets. A plurality of modules are each separately connectable to a respective module receiving connector and configured to bridge a selected service from the first portion of the module receiving connector to the second portion of the module receiving connector.

Abstract: A feed-through capacitor has layers of dielectric material and a first hole that passes through the layers of dielectric material for receiving an electrical conductor connected to the filter capacitor. First, second and third electrodes are disposed between layers of the dielectric material and extend in a first direction substantially perpendicular to a centerline of the first hole. The third electrodes are disposed intermediate the first and second electrodes Any one of the first, second and third electrodes is non-overlapping with any of another of the first, second and third electrodes in a direction substantially parallel to the centerline of the first hole. A filtering capacitor is formed substantially wholly by fringe-effect capacitance between the first and third electrodes, and a coupling capacitor is formed substantially wholly by fringe-effect capacitance between the second and third electrodes The filtering and coupling are electrically connected in series.

Abstract: A solid electrolytic capacitor comprising: (A) a capacitor element comprising: an oxide layer 1 formed on a part of an outer surface of a valve metal anode body, a solid electrolyte layer 2 formed on the oxide layer layer, and a cathode conductor layer 3 formed on the solid electrolyte layer, and an anode lead out area on a remaining part of the anode body, (B) lead terminals connected to the cathode and the anode lead out area of the capacitor element, and (C) a packaging resin encapsulating the capacitor element with parts of the lead terminals exposed outside. The solid electrolytic capacitor of the present invention has a first separation strip 6 and a second separation strip 7 formed on a part of the roughened surface layer and also has insulating material 8 on the respective surfaces of the first and the second separation strips.

Abstract: Sub pits are suppressed from branching in a surface layer of an aluminum foil, and an electrode foil for an aluminum electrolytic capacitor with a large electrostatic capacitance and a method of manufacturing the same are provided. A large number of main pits are formed by etching on both surfaces of the aluminum foil to extend from the surfaces in a thickness direction of the foil, sub pits are formed to branch away from the main pits for a range from a vicinity of a surface layer portion of each main pits excluding the surface layer portion, to inner ends of the main pits. Since the sub pits are not formed in the surface layer of the aluminum foil, the sub pits can be increased in density effectively to the electrostatic capacitance, allowing the electrode foil for the aluminum electrolytic capacitor to have high mechanical strength and high electrostatic capacitance.

Abstract: A nobium powder for capacitors, which contains from 0.05 to 20% by mass of niobium monoxide crystal and from 0.05 to 20% by mass of hexaniobium monoxide crystal; a sintered body thereof; and a capacitor fabricated from the sintered body as one part electrode, a dielectric material formed on the surface of the sintered body, and another part provided on the dielectric material. A capacitor manufactured from a sintered body of a niobium powder of the present invention is favored with good high-temperature characteristics.

Abstract: A ceramic electronic component having a ceramic member into which no plating intrudes, and a method of producing the ceramic electronic component by which the ceramic electronic component can be easily produced are provided. The ceramic electronic component contains a ceramic member, and terminal electrodes formed on both of end-faces of the ceramic member. Each terminal electrode comprises an external electrode, and a plating coat formed thereon. To produce the ceramic electronic component, the ceramic member having the external electrodes are dipped into a water-repelling agent, dried, and plated. The water-repelling agent contains a functional group which is readily adsorbed to the external electrodes and a hydrophobic functional group.

Abstract: A dielectric ceramic composition includes sintered ceramic grains having a core-shell structure, wherein smaller than or equal to 50% of the grains have a domain width of twin less than 20 nm; 30% to 70% of the grains have a domain width of twin in the range from 20 nm to 50 nm; less than or equal to 50% of the grains have a domain width of twin greater than 50 nm or have no twin. A ceramic capacitor includes more than one internal electrode and one or more dielectric layers composed of a dielectric ceramic composition, each of the dielectric layers being sandwiched between two neighboring internal electrodes.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for producing an electric double layer capacitor mountable by reflow soldering, which comprises assembling an electric double layer capacitor, subjecting the capacitor to a heat treatment following a temperature profile resembling to the temperature profile with respect to time employed in the reflow soldering step, and welding a terminal thereafter.

Abstract: A capacitor of the type having a cathode and an anode and an electrolyte disposed between the cathode and the anode, the capacitor comprising an electrochemical cathode comprising an aluminum current collector coated with a finely divided material, an electrolytic anode comprising aluminum coated with aluminum oxide, an electrolyte in contact with the finely divided material on the cathode and the aluminum oxide on the anode.

Abstract: The anode member for a solid electrolytic capacitor according to the present invention comprises an anode body made of a valve metal foil having a purity of not less than 99 wt %, and an anode layer formed on the anode body and made of a sintered body of a valve metal powder. By limiting the amount of impurity contained in the valve metal foil to an amount of not more than 1 wt %, impurities in a dielectric oxide film formed by anodic oxidation, namely defects in the dielectric oxide film can be suppressed, so that the resultant solid electrolytic capacitor can have its leakage current lowered with its ESR (equivalent series resistance) being kept low, and that the electrolytic capacitor can be made to have a smaller size and a higher capacitance. The present invention also provides an electrolytic capacitor having a low leakage current, a low ESR, a small size and a high capacitance by using the above novel anode member as well as a method of making the same.

Abstract: An electrode for use in a ferroelectric device includes a bottom electrode; a ferroelectric layer; and a top electrode formed on the ferroelectric layer and formed of a combination of metals, including a first metal take from the group of metals consisting of platinum and iridium, and a second metal taken from the group of metals consisting of aluminum and titanium; wherein the top electrode acts as a passivation layer and wherein the top electrode remains conductive following high temperature annealing in a hydrogen atmosphere.

Abstract: A portable device that includes a microcomputer having a housing with an operating system, a screen and a keypad with at least control keys. The portable device includes a connector socket for connecting a separate cartridge to interface the program on the cartridge to the operating system. The cartridge housing is made with an additional connector for setting an additional cartridge into it. When the additional cartridge is connected, applications on the additional cartridge may also be run by the microcomputer via the first cartridge without having to disconnect the first cartridge.

Abstract: A modular processor based system has a plurality of interchangeable modular components with power and communications connection means on top and bottom walls whereby the components may be operably connected to one another through vertical stacking. Modular components preferably include a processor, printer, memory, network communications, and hard drive components. Preferred connectors are mating male and female connectors on module top and bottom walls. The modular system of the invention provides important space saving and ease of connection advantages through its modular, stacked configuration.

Abstract: To provide an information processing apparatus having an antenna with a high sensitivity. There are provided a display unit 3 having a display panel whose rear surface is covered with a metallic panel 3B, an antenna member 35 which is disposed in a notch 37 formed in a part of the above described metallic panel, and covers 41 and 61 of non-metallic members disposed in the above described notch so as to cover the above described antenna member.

Abstract: The present invention generally relates a portable computer, more particularly, to a structural frame for a portable computer. The frame includes a body, at least one hinge supporter, an input and output (I/O) port bracket, and a channel. The hinge supporter supports a display panel of the portable computer. The I/O port bracket accommodates a plurality of I/O terminals. The channel guides a liquid unexpectedly appearing on the body to a predetermined location. The frame is preferable made of a metal material for shielding and absorbing electromagnetic interference (EMI) and for strengthening the structure of the portable computer. The frame further contacts a heat-generating electronic device to dissipate the heat generated therefrom.

Abstract: A thermal cooling system in which a clamp assembly clamps a heat dissipating device to a generating device in the chassis of an electrical device. The clamp assembly ensures that the heat dissipating device exerts a relatively high, constant, uniform pressure on the heat generating device to ensure maximum heat transfer from the heat generating device to the heat dissipating device.

Abstract: This patent application describes a method to reduce noise and protect a personal computer from ambient contamination through use of a sealed insulated container. The method describes the approach to sealing the container while addressing the removal of waste heat from inside the sealed insulated container. The end result is a computer with reduced noise along with virtual elimination of problems with dirt, insects, and other debris damaging the computer. The method also describes use of heat pump technology to subcool computer components resulting in increased reliability and higher operating speeds.

Abstract: A heatsink which includes a body having a first arm and a second arm and having a mounting area between the first arm and the second arm. The mounting area is dimensioned to hold a heat generating electronic component. The mounting area is dimensioned so that when the component is located within the mounting area, the first arm and the second arm apply opposing forces against the component so that the component is held within the mounting area by the first arm and the second arm.

Abstract: A cooling unit having a fan and a heat sink thermally connected to a heat generating component. The heat sink includes a receptacle in which the fan is contained, a plurality of air paths which are arranged to surround an outer peripheral portion of the fan, and through which the air exhausted from the outer peripheral portion flows, and at least one partition which divides the respective air paths into a plurality of regions. The partition extends toward a downstream of the air paths from the outer peripheral portion of the fan.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a cooling device for electronic components, in particular for cooling microprocessors, which has at least one passive thermo-conducting cooling element 12, wherein at least part of said passive cooling element 12 contacts at least one heat transfer medium 20 which is in a solid state of aggregation. Said heat transfer medium 20 in this case is a phase change material (PCM) which has a much higher heat absorption capacity than water and which is, moreover, designed as a latent heat accumulator, which heat transfer medium 20 will store the amount of heat generated by the load on said electronic component that can no longer be absorbed and carried off by said passive cooling element 18, at the same time retaining its solid state of aggregation, and release said heat again at a time when the load on said electronic component is lower.

Abstract: A multi-layer thermal interface structure for placement between a microelectronic component package and a heat sink so that the structure has a total thermal resistance of no greater than about 0.03° C.-in2/W. The structure comprises a plurality of superimposed metallic layers including a core layer of a solid metal or metal alloy of high thermal conductivity preferably composed of aluminum or copper, a second layer having phase change properties and a third layer of nickel separating the solid metal layer from the layer having phase change properties.

Abstract: A multilayer circuit board that has electrodes only on one surface is manufactured as follows. A plurality of conductor layers are formed on a resin film made of thermoplastic resin to form a single-sided conductor layer film. Then, a plurality of via-holes 24, which are bottomed by the conductor layers, are formed in the resin film. Then interlayer connecting material is packed in the via-holes 24 to form a single-sided conductor layer film having the interlayer connecting material. A plurality of single-sided conductor layer films are formed and stacked such that surfaces having the conductor layers face in the same direction. Then, the single-sided conductor layer films are pressed and heated to complete the multilayer circuit board. The multilayer circuit board is formed by using only the single-sided conductor layer films and pressing once, so the manufacturing process is simplified.

Abstract: A flexible printed circuit board (“FPCB”) that has a through hole in the pattern layer between the cover layer and base layer, the diameter of the through hole in the pattern layer of FPCB is smaller than that of the holes in the cover layer and the base layer of another printed circuit board (“PCB”). The holes in the cover layer and base layer are oriented toward the solder land part of the FPCB. The difference in diameter increases the connecting area for soldering a FPCB to another PCB leading to an accurate and strong solder.

Abstract: Herein is disclosed an insulating resin composition for a multilayer printed-wiring board, comprising two or more kinds of resins which are different in etching rate by plasma treatment and which are not compatible with each other, so that the surface of the resulting insulating layer can be made uneven by the plasma treatment, whereby the bonding strength of the conductor layer to the said resulting insulating layer can be ensured, and heat resistance and electrically insulating properties required can be satisfied.

Abstract: First of all, a sub-PCB (6) is fixedly put on a surface of a chassis (5) as shown in an arrow I. At this time, a taper face (9a) of a guide rib (9) guides a fixed position of the sub-PCB (6) in a transverse direction. Next, the sub-PCB (6) is slid forward as shown in an arrow II. A front end of the sub-PCB (6) is led into a taper face (8b) of a fixed click (8) and is guided downward, and gets into the underside of the click and stops in a position of an abutting face (8c).

Abstract: Miniaturized circuit housing to encapsulate and provide external contacts for at least one integrated circuit, in particular of the flip-chip or wafer-level-package type, with a housing floor, the lower surface of which bears housing contact elements for making external contact and the upper surface of which is electrically connected to circuit contact elements on the lower surface of the circuit, wherein a housing lid is provided, in particular opposite the housing floor, which presses the circuit with the circuit contact element resiliently against the upper surface of the housing floor, and between the circuit contact elements and the housing floor there is no connection that fixes their materials permanently together.

Abstract: A system having a removable protective enclosure for an electronic component. The protective enclosure may have a base and a circuit board that may be captured by the base without use of a tool or a separate fastener. A memory module may be disposed on the circuit board. The protective enclosure may be adapted to be mechanically and electrically coupleable to an enclosure.

Abstract: A screw-less fixing structure is provided for users to mount the add-on card onto a PC. The screw-less fixing structure comprises a support plate, a rotational pressing plate, a positioning device, and a spring wire. When a user attempts to replace an old add-on card with a new one, he needs only to release the screw-less fixing structure by grasping and pulling the handling portion of the spring wire, replace the old add on card with the new one, and finally tighten the screw-less fixing structure by grasping and pushing the spring wire to reach the tightening state. In the above procedures for replacing the add-on card, the user does not need any additional tool nor screw so that the present invention has the advantages of safe, fast, easy and convenient to use.

Abstract: Various module structures are disclosed which may be used to implement modules having 1 to N channels. Bus systems may be formed by the interconnection of such modules.

Abstract: A device is described for a computer having two circuit boards (10, 11) on which plug connectors (15) are present for plug-in cards (16) which project above the circuit boards (10, 11) with a first height (H1). There is a bridge card (19), which is plugged into the two circuit boards (10, 11), connecting the two circuit boards (10, 11) electrically and projecting above the circuit boards (10, 11) with a second height (H2). According to this invention, the bridge card (19) is connected to the two circuit boards independently of the plug connectors (15), and the first height (H1) is greater than the second height (H2).

Abstract: A stacked backplane assembly, including two or more backplanes or midplanes having different functionality and combined together so as to form an integral unit, is provided. The backplanes forming the assembly are manufactured with prime and secondary manufacturing holes to enable alignment, so that the resulting tolerance build-up of the assembly is similar to that of a single backplane. Connectors can be arranged on the backplanes of the assembly so that an electronic or optical card can be simultaneously plugged in to one or more of the backplanes that comprise the stacked backplane assembly. The stacked backplane assembly of the embodiments of the invention is illustrated by having power and signal backplanes and midplanes, but can be equally applied to backplanes that provide other types of functionality.

Abstract: A device comprising a circuit, a lead having a first end connected to the circuit and having a second end, and a deformable structure connected to the second end of the lead. The invention may be embodied on a circuit board, so that the circuit board includes a substrate and a deformable structure connected to said substrate. Also disclosed is a device comprising a circuit having an active side and a non-active side, a package enclosing the active side of the circuit and not enclosing a portion of the non-active side of the circuit, and a lead having a first end connected to the active side of the circuit via a lead-over-chip connection, and having a second end extending from the package. Also disclosed is a device comprising a circuit and a lead formed from a flexible conductor, with the lead having a first end connected to the circuit.

Abstract: There are included the steps of forming a structure, in which a first adhesive layer, a resin layer, and a metal foil are laminated sequentially from a bottom, on a release layer of a plastic film that has the release layer on a surface, forming metal layer patterns by patterning the metal foil, and forming the first adhesive layer, the resin layer, and the metal layer patterns sequentially from the bottom on a transparent substrate by separating the release layer from the first adhesive layer along an interface and then pasting the first adhesive layer onto the transparent substrate.

Abstract: A light guide plate has a back face provided with a first light diffusion pattern which tends to get denser according to an increasing distance from a primary light source. The light guide plate has an emission face provided with a second light diffusion pattern covering rate of is the largest at an approximately center portion (particular partial region) of the emission face. The first and second light diffusion patterns consist of a great number of fine light diffusion elements, respectively. Each fine light diffusion element of the second light diffusion pattern has a smaller size as compared with that of the first light diffusion pattern. The emission face of the light guide plate has an effective emission area to provide an emission light which is supplied to an LCD panel or other objects to be illuminated, via a light control member such as prism sheet. The approximately center portion and/or other one or more particular partial regions in the emission face show an intentionally heightened brightness.

Abstract: A front light includes a bar-shaped light source, and a light guide panel that introduces light from the light source through an end face and emits the light from an emergent surface. The light source is supported at an end of the light guide panel by a cover member disposed so as to cover the light source and a part of the light guide panel. Protuberances are formed on the inner surface of the cover member, and the light guide panel is grasped via the protuberances. The light guide panel is positioned in the widthwise direction by projecting pieces extending from both sides of the cover member.

Abstract: Light emitting panel assemblies include a sheet, film or plate overlying a light emitting member. The sheet, film or plate has a pattern of deformities on one or both sides that may vary or be random in size, shape or geometry, placement, index of refraction, density, angle, depth, height and type for controlling the light output distribution to suit a particular application. Also the sheet, film or plate may have a coating or surface treatment for causing the light to pass through a liquid crystal display with low loss.

Abstract: A pen-size inspection lamp for detecting fluorescent leak detection materials in hard-to-reach areas. The inspection lamp includes a housing, an extendible handle, at least one LED and a mirror assembly. The mirror assembly includes a mirror, a clip for attaching the mirror to the housing, and an arm extending between the clip and the mirror with a hinge connection for rotating the mirror to different reflection angles with respect to the LED.

Abstract: A pen-size inspection lamp for detecting fluorescent materials. The inspection lamp includes a lamp housing, an extendible handle, and at least one LED.

Abstract: A multi-function electric bar lamp includes a cylindrical housing, a tubular lamp cover thread ably combined with the an upper end of the housing, a cylindrical cap thread ably combined with a lower end of the housing, an LED lamp unit and a battery contained stably in a hollow interior of the housing and the cap. The LED lamp is turned on and off by placing the battery with the positive located up or down in the cap. Further, the housing, the cap and lamp cover may be changed in their shape to alter the use of an electric bar lamp.

Abstract: A luminaire having a tube-shaped gas discharge lamp (1) contains at least one concavely curved reflector (2) arranged—seen from the region to be illuminated—neighboring the lamp (1), and at least one partially light permeable diffusor (3) arranged—likewise seen from the region to be illuminated—neighboring the lamp (1) but before the reflector (2). The diffusor (3) and the reflector (2) bound next to the lamp (1) at least one light entry surface and run together at their ends away from the lamp (1) such that they enclose at least one light chamber (4), the ratio between the width (a) of a light chamber and the height (b) of a light entry surface being at least 4:1. Further, there may be provided means for the attainment for a uniform light density over the width of the reflector.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a plurality of light bulbs sets, are connected to a 2-core wiring, the positive end joints of the two sets of light bulbs, as well the negative end joints of two sets of light bulbs, are joined together by a process of twisting the two wires around each other, and in this way avoid the necessity of using soldering tin to weld the two wires together. One other part of the invention involves building an interior duct in the inside an outer PVC layer, so that flexible metal wire can be inserted into the interior duct, and in this way make the manufacturing process more efficient. Moreover, at the place where the outer level PVC layer connects to a female connector protruding type water-proofing is installed, and at the place the outer PVC layer connects to the male connector concave type water-proofing is installed.

Abstract: An electronically combined fluorescent light structure mainly has two connecting seats with respective light tube sockets and terminals disposed at the front and the rear end of the connecting seats, an electronic starting circuit is mounted inside the connecting seat, a hollow reflecting plate is inserted at the upper aspect of the two connecting seats to enable the connection among the electronic circuits by a guide wire disposed through the hollow reflecting plate, after the further respective connections with the light tube sockets and the terminals, a fluorescent light unit is comprised; the terminals on the two sides of the said fluorescent light unit are inserted to the traditional fluorescent light seat thereby to achieve the function of turning on the light by electronic starting.

Abstract: A glow in dark lighter includes a luminous casing having a receiving cavity for receiving a liquefied gas storage therein and at least a luminous area adapted to be visible in the dark, a gas emitting nozzle disposed in the luminous casing and communicating with the liquefied gas storage for control a flow of gas, and an ignition system comprising an ignition button for igniting the lighter. Therefore, the glow in dark lighter of the present invention is capable self-illuminating in the dark.

Abstract: A bicycle of scooter safety light mountable to the scooter or bicycle, includes light emitting diodes conductively coupled with a battery-operated power circuit. A plurality of elongated segments are pivotally attached to one another and form a generally cylindrical housing structure sized to wrap tightly around a bar of the bicycle or scooter when opposing segments are brought towards one another and clamped together. Internal compartments of the segments hold either the power circuit and battery or light emitting diodes. The safety light includes a power switch, such as a motion detector for controlling illumination of light emitting diode only when motion is detected, or a photo sensor for delivering power to the light emitting diodes only when in absence of light is detected in order to conserve battery power.

Abstract: An adjustable light fixture includes a housing, a reflector assembly, and an adjustment mechanism. The housing has an external surface and an interior compartment. The reflector assembly is positioned within the interior compartment of the housing. The adjustment mechanism is adjustable from the external surface of the housing to cause movement of the reflector relative to the housing.

Abstract: An adjustable light fixture includes a fixture assembly, a rotation adjustment assembly, and an angle adjustment assembly. The rotation adjustment assembly is configured to receive a lamp, orient the lamp relative to the fixture assembly, and maintain the orientation of the lamp relative to the fixture assembly when the lamp is removed and replaced. The angle adjustment assembly is movably connected to the fixture assembly and is configured to adjust the angle between the fixture assembly and the rotation adjustment assembly. A method of relamping an adjustable light fixture includes providing an adjustable light fixture, installing a lamp in the rotation adjustment assembly from above or below the adjustable light fixture, and adjusting the rotational or angular orientation of the fixture.

Abstract: A multi-adjustable portable work light comprising an elongated grip handle, a light housing pivotally mounted to one of an elongated, hollow grip handle, an adjustable clamp member, and a two-way adjustable joint disposed between the clamp member and the grip handle portable work light comprising an elongated grip handle, a light housing pivotally mounted to one of an elongated grip handle, an adjustable clamp member, and a two-way adjustable joint disposed between the clamp member and the grip handle. An optional hook may also be provided.