Abstract: The present invention relates to an electromagnetic vibrator of variable reluctance type, according to a new principle which provides higher efficiency, smaller dimension, and higher reliability compared to known technology. This has been obtained by the magnetic signal flux around the coil is closed through a bobbin body and a yoke and through air gaps formed between bobbin body and yoke(s) where a static flux from one or more of the permanent magnets and the signal flux cooperates so that static forces are outbalanced and so that axial signal forces are generated. The new vibrator principle has been names: Balanced Electromagnetic Separation Transducer (BEST).

Abstract: An electric drive unit for windshield wipers of a motor vehicle, including a drive motor having an armature accommodated in a substantially cup-shaped pole housing, a substantially cup-shaped gearbox, secured on a face end to the pole housing, for receiving gear elements that convert the rotation of an armature shaft of the armature, supported on one end in the pole housing and on the other end in the gearbox. The armature shaft, adjacent to a bottom of the pole housing, is supported in a cylinder bearing mounted with a press-fit, whose outer diameter is greater than or equal to three times a length of the cylinder bearing.

Abstract: An electromagnetic machine is provided. The machine includes a stator extending along a longitudinal axis and having an inner surface defining a rotor receipt cavity. The rotor extends along and is rotatable about the longitudinal axis within the rotor receipt cavity. A plurality of ring assemblies are supported on the rotor and a plurality of magnets are circumferentially spaced about the rotor and extend through the ring assembly. Each magnet is generally parallel to the axis of the rotor.

Abstract: An alternator rotor bobbin 10 for use with a field coil wire 18 is provided, including a winding face 12 around which the field coil wire 18 is wound, a bottom face 16, a top face 14, a field coil entry port 24 positioned on the top face 14 to allow field coil wire 18 to enter the alternator rotor bobbin 10 in an axial direction while requiring only a single bend in the field coil wire 18, a field coil exit port 24 positioned on the top face 14 to allow the field coil exit wire 26 to exit the alternator rotor bobbin 10 in an axial direction, a field coil entry port tower 34, and a field coil exit port tower 36. The field coil entry port tower 34 and the field coil exit port tower 36 include a second snap element 37 to prevent the field coil wire 18 from coming unwound prior to assembly into an alternator rotor.

Abstract: The present invention provides a brakeable microapparatus comprising a substrate and a structure overlying the substrate and movable relative to the substrate. A frictional brake overlies the structure and is movable into frictional engagement with the structure for holding the structure relative to the substrate.

Abstract: A high efficiency electric motor has a generally polyhedrally shaped bulk amorphous metal magnetic component in which a plurality of layers of amorphous metal strips are laminated together to form a generally three-dimensional part having the shape of a polyhedron. The bulk amorphous metal magnetic component may include an arcuate surface, and preferably includes two arcuate surfaces that are disposed opposite to each other. The magnetic component is operable at frequencies ranging from between approximately 60 Hz and 20,000 Hz and exhibits (i) a core-loss of less than or approximately equal to 1 watt-per-kilogram of amorphous metal material when operated at a frequency of approximately 60 Hz and at a flux density of approximately 1.4 Tesla (T); (ii) a core-loss of less than or approximately equal to 20 watts-per-kilogram of amorphous metal material when operated at a frequency of approximately 1000 Hz and at a flux density of approximately 1.

Abstract: Pseudoelastic elements are shaped in order to form springs which exhibit relatively constant force levels over a major fraction of maximum deflection capacity during loading and also during unloading. The shape of sail pseudoelastic elements is chosen to concentrate at least one of flexural and torsional deformations within limited regions. The element may be braced outside said regions in order to further concentrate deformations within said regions. Loading of said pseudoelastic springs thus produces strains within said regions which are largely corresponding to the upper pseudoelastic stress plateau where strain variations cause relatively small changes in stress. Unloading of said pseudoelastic springs also produces strains within said regions which are largely corresponding to the lower stress plateau of the pseudoelastic stress-strain curve where stress is subject to relatively small changes with strain variations.

Abstract: A small-engine vehicle including a plurality of wheels, an internal combustion engine having a drive shaft interconnected to drive at least one of the wheels, and a generator. The generator includes a stator having a core disposed next to the engine and a winding disposed on the core. The generator further includes a flywheel-rotor apparatus surrounding at least a portion of the stator and having an aperture that receives the drive shaft. The flywheel-rotor apparatus is operable to magnetically interact with the stator to produce a first high-voltage, alternating-current signal in the winding, and to provide an inertia to the internal combustion engine. The generator further includes power circuitry electrically connected to the winding. The power circuitry receives the high-voltage, alternating-current signal and controllably generates a second high-voltage, alternating-current signal.

Abstract: A supplemental electric power generator and system used to produce electrical energy using the magnetic flux produced by high power electric transmission lines. The generator is hung from a guide wire extended parallel to a suspended high power transmission line. Each generator includes a hollow body made of non-conductive material with an upper end cap and a lower end cap. Disposed longitudinally inside the body is a phosphorescent tube that illuminates when placed within the magnetic flux produced by electricity flowing through the high power transmission line. Located around the phosphorescence tube is a plurality of inward facing photo voltaic cells. When electricity flows through the high power transmission lines, the phosphorescent tube is illuminated which produces electric currents in the photo voltaic cells and then transmitted to the main collection line. Each photo voltaic cell and generator includes transformers and regulators to control the flow of electricity and connection to other generators.

Abstract: A piezoelectric electroacoustic transducer includes a piezoelectric diaphragm having a substantially rectangular shape which vibrates in the thickness direction when an alternating current is applied between electrodes of the piezoelectric diaphragm, a housing which stores the piezoelectric diaphragm, and a pair of terminals formed in the housing by insert molding. One end of each terminal is inserted inside the housing and includes a body portion fixed to the housing and wing portions which extend from both sides of the body portion toward the corners of the housing. The wing portions are not fixed to the housing, and stress-relieving portions are disposed between the body portion and the wing portions so that the wing portions are able to move toward the inside of the housing. Each electrode of the piezoelectric diaphragm is connected to at least one of the wing portions of the terminals by a conductive adhesive.

Abstract: A transducer operated as power generating device is driven at a low frequency and collects energy at the low frequency rate. The collected energy is extracted at a much higher frequency. Extracting the energy at a higher frequency enables the use of components, such as inductors, having reasonable values and sizes. In one embodiment, a power extracting circuit which includes elements designed to resonate with the transducer at a higher frequency than the frequency at which the transducer is being driven is periodically switched in circuit with the transducer. Thus, the electric power generator device operated and controlled by a slowly changing source of energy (e.g., ocean waves, wind, eddies of water) may develop energy at one frequency and may be operated to transfer the energy at another frequency.

Abstract: The invention relates to a weatherproof enclosure with a modular structure suitable for outdoor use for protecting equipments such as electrical, electronic equipments and instruments. The enclosure comprises a side wall panel assembly constructed from plurality of side wall straight panel members and side wall corner panel members. The side wall panel assembly is provided with a side wall frame assembly and a door assembly having matching door frame assembly corresponding to the side wall frame assembly. The door assemblies may be provided on both sides of the side wall panel assembly. A double door assembly also can be provided on front or back of the side wall panel assembly.

Abstract: A computer case comprises plural horizontal beams and plural vertical beams connected to the horizontal beams to thereby define a space and two lateral sides delimiting the space. Plural horizontal mounting members are mounted to each lateral side, each mounting member comprising a horizontal row of engaging holes. Plural vertical mounting members are mounted to the horizontal mounting members that are mounted to a respective lateral side. Each vertical mounting member comprises two mounting sections extending along different planes that are not parallel or coincident to each other. The mounting sections are engaged with the horizontal row of engaging holes of the horizontal mounting members to thereby form a subspace that is adjustable in volume.

Abstract: A file cabinet providing access to files from substantially all sides, and having one or more rotatable tiers, each tier containing a plurality of file containers. Each tier includes a central carrousel having a plurality of radially extending arms. Mounted to the outer terminus of each arm is a file support assembly, each configured to rotate about a vertical axis between a retracted position and an extended position. Each file support assembly is adapted to suspend a file container thereon to provide detachable storage. The detachable file containers each include a box having an upper frame which suspends the container from the file support assemblies. A top may be provided to close each container in a secure manner to protect the container's contents.

Abstract: A combined drawer with guide rails comprises a left-side board, a right-side board, a rear board, a fixing board, a faceplate, a bottom plate, a roller, a left fixing rail and a right fixing rail. A front vertical limb, a rear vertical limb and a horizontal limb are provided on the sideboards respectively. A stamped gap is provided on the front vertical limb and a fixing pin is provided on the edge of the gap. At least two horizontal ribs are provided on the rear vertical limb. At least two prescribing pins are provided on side boards, and a reinforcing rib is provided on the prescribing pins. At least two fix pins are provided on the horizontal limb. A front runner is provided at the front portion of the rolling runner. The angle cc between the front runner and the direction of the direction of the drawer extended is larger than 1°. At least one concave pit is provided on the top of the rolling runner.

Abstract: A guide tab and a multiple member slide incorporating such guide tab are provided. The guide tab is coupled to one slide member of the slide. When actuated, the guide tab activates a latch allowing another slide member of the slide to decouple from the slide.

Abstract: An array of carbon-based emitters is provided having more uniform electron emission over the area of the array. This is made possible by a resistive layer that is present below each of the emission tips. Both organic and inorganic resistive layers may be grown under the emitting carbon-based material. A conductive backing layer is in contact with the resistive layer. Methods for making the improved array are provided. The methods include growth of carbon-based tips in a mold, removal of various films or portions of films by etching, and other techniques.

Abstract: A light emitting device is disclosed having a light emitting layer containing a porphyrin derivative compound each pyrrole group of which is characterized by having a straight-chain or branched side-chain alkyl group having 5 to 20 carbon atoms, and the central metal of which is Cr, Ni, Cu, Co, Ru, Rh, Pd, Ir, Pt or Au. The compound is light-emissive and especially has phosphorescent light emission properties and liquid crystal properties. Also disclosed is a display unit using the light emitting device.

Abstract: A foamable copolymer based coupling is provided for securely affixing a light emitting glass lamp in a metal base to form a lamp assembly. The copolymer is preferably selected from ethylene vinyl acetate, ethylene methyl acrylate, and combinations thereof. The foamable coupling may be placed around one end of the glass lamp or in the lamp base before the lamp and base are matingly engaged. The assembled lamp is then heated to a temperature, which causes the foamable coupling to expand and securely affix the lamp in the base.

Abstract: An impregnated type cathode unit and a manufacturing method therefor wherein a porous metal base and a cup member can be firmly joined together without using any interposition and the occurrence of weld defects can be eliminated to improve the reliability and yield of welding between the porous metal base and the cup member. The impregnated type cathode unit is composed of a porous metal base (11) impregnated with an electron emissive material and a cup member (12) for holding the porous metal base (11) so as to cover the bottom surface and side surface of the porous metal base (11) and expose the front surface of the porous metal base (11). A nonporous dense portion (14) is formed on the bottom surface of the porous metal base (11). The bottom portion of the cup member (12) is pressed to be deformed so as to follow the shape of the dense portion (14), thereby forming a close contact region (16).

Abstract: A deflection yoke for a Braun tube includes a primary 4-pole convergence yoke adapted to be positioned at a neck portion of a funnel of a Braun tube and a secondary 4-pole convergence yoke positioned in the vicinity of the funnel where horizontal and vertical deflection coils and a ferrite core are installed, for correcting a misconvergence generated due to the primary 4-pole convergence yoke, wherein at least one of the vertical and the horizontal deflection coils is wound at a first holder, and the secondary 4-pole convergence yoke is installed as an auxiliary coil wound on at least one side of the inner side or the outer side of the first holder. With this construction, occurrence of an inverse-magnetic field due to an induced magnetic field is prevented and thus a misconvergence can be easily corrected.

Abstract: A heat absorbing film (14) made of an oxide is formed on a conductive reflecting film (13) by applying and baking a sol containing a material, which is to form the oxide, in a colloidal state. Conditions under which a vacuum evaporation system for forming the conductive reflecting film (13), and an applying/baking system for forming the heat absorbing film (14) are operated need not be changed, and the heat absorbing film (14) having small variations in thickness and quality can be formed on the conductive reflecting film (13). Reflection and radiation of heat from the conductive reflecting film (13) to a color selection electrode are suppressed effectively, so that a color cathode-ray tube in which a decrease in color purity is small can be manufactured.

Abstract: A projection type cathode ray tube which has excellent optical characteristics and endurance thanks to the enhanced cooling effect and is manufactured efficiently at low cost. The thickness of a panel is uniform throughout the panel except its peripheral portion contacting a coupler (a cooling liquid holder). The cooling effect on the panel by a cooling system is uniform throughout the entire panel, enhancing the optical characteristics and endurance of the panel. In the manufacturing process applying heat to the panel, a reduction in the cooling temperature and the cooling time causes no difference in temperature, achieving uniform cooling. The panel except its peripheral portion is a curved portion in the concave form. For the interest of higher adhesion, it is sufficient to polish only the peripheral portion adhering to the edge of the opening on the rear side of the coupler, which reduces the polishing time.

Abstract: A plasma display panel is disclosed to enhance a light efficiency by using a low-priced filter and enhancing a contrast of a plasma display panel. The plasma display panel includes an electrochromic filter which selectively controls an amount of transmittance of light emitted from a discharge cell within a plasma display panel.

Abstract: A phosphor thin film made of a matrix material comprising an alkaline earth sulfide and a luminescence center and having a thickness of 50-300 nm emits light, especially red light, of a good color purity at a high luminance and in a good response and enables to produce an EL panel.

Abstract: To extend the life of electric discharge and enhance the characteristic of electric discharge in the life test in a gas filled switching electric discharge tube. A gas filled switching electric discharge tube comprises: a cylindrical body (1) made of insulating material; two electrodes (2, 3) for airtightly closing both ends of the cylindrical body; an electric discharge gap, an airtightly closed space formed in the cylindrical body including the electric discharge gap being filled with gas; metallized faces formed on both end faces of the electrodes of the cylindrical body; first trigger wires (10a, 10b) formed on an inner wall face of the cylindrical body, connected with the metallized faces; and second trigger wires (10c) formed on the inner wall face of the cylindrical body, not connected with the metallized faces, wherein the first electrode face and second electrode face are plated with copper or silver.

Abstract: A transparent airtight vessel 1a, a discharge medium enclosed in a transparent airtight vessel 1a and composed mainly of rare gas, a fluorescent lamp 1 provided with at least a pair of electrodes 1b, 1e which generate discharge inside the transparent airtight vessel 1a, a reflection means 2 arranged in the vicinity of the fluorescent lamp 1, and a transparent resin 3 which exists between the fluorescent lamp 1 and the reflection means 2 and contacting with both of them. The transparent resin 3 conducts heat generated by the fluorescent lamp 1 to the reflection means 2 and promotes the heat radiation. The heat radiation of the rare gas discharge lamp is then promoted and the decrease of the light emitting efficiency is suppressed.

Abstract: To provide a technique for relatively easily preventing yellowing of a PDP that uses silver electrodes, and a PDP utilizing the technique that is capable of displaying images with high luminance and high quality. To form the electrodes, an alloy composed of Ag as a main constituent and a transition metal (at least one selected from Cu, Cr, Co, Ni, Mn, and Fe) is used, or an oxide of such a transition metal is added. Alternatively, an alloy composed of Ag as a main constituent and a metal (at least one selected from Ru, Rh, Ir, Os, and Re) is used, or an oxide of such a metal is added. Alternatively, Ag particles whose surfaces are each coated with a metal (Pd, Cu, Cr, Ni, Ir, or Ru) or a metal oxide (SiO2, Al2O3, NiO, ZrO2, Fe2O3, ZnO, In2O3, CuO, TiO2, or Pr6O11) are used.

Abstract: A protective plate for a plasma display comprises conductive substrate for protecting a plasma display and an electrode in electrical contact with the conductive substrate.

Abstract: A plasma display panel includes a first substrate and a second substrate, the first substrate and the second substrate being provided with a predetermined gap therebetween. Barrier ribs are formed in a non-striped pattern between the first substrate and the second substrate, the barrier ribs defining a plurality of discharge spaces. A plurality of address electrodes are formed on the first substrate along a direction (y), the address electrodes being formed within and outside discharge spaces. A plurality of sustain electrodes are formed on the second substrate along a direction (x), the sustain electrodes being formed within and outside discharge spaces. The address electrodes include large electrode portions provided within discharge spaces and small electrode portions provided outside the discharge spaces. If a width of large electrode portions is AW, a width of small electrode portions is Aw, and a distance between barrier ribs along direction (x) is D, AW is larger than Aw, and AW is 40-75% of D.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of manufacturing a gas discharge lamp and to such a gas discharge lamp 100. A known gas discharge lamp 100 comprises a hollow glass body 120 filled with a gas, which gas is excited into generating light through the supply of energy, and at least one ceramic electrode 140a, 140b fastened to the hollow glass body for the capacitive coupling of energy into the gas inside the hollow glass body 120. It is an object of the invention to simplify the manufacture of the gas discharge lamp 100. This is achieved according to the invention in that the glass material from which the hollow glass body 120 is formed and the ceramic material 140a, 140b from which the ceramic electrode is formed are chosen such that their two thermal expansion coefficients correspond at least by approximation, and in that the glass tube is fastened to the ceramic electrode through direct fusion.

Abstract: A high intensity discharge lamp, especially for optical projection systems, in one embodiment uses an anode electrode, a cathode electrode and a cylindrical envelope of single crystal (SC) sapphire. The fill may contain hydrogen, chlorine, sodium, scandium, sulfur and selenium and is under pressure exceeding 20 atmospheres. The lamp produces a continuous non-flash arc and generates a correlated color temperature between 6500 and 7000 degrees Kelvin and an efficacy exceeding 60 lumens/watt.

Abstract: A high-pressure gas discharge lamp with a cooling arrangement is described, which is characterized in particular in that the lamp can be operated at an increased power, an increase in the temperature of the coldest spot in the lamp interior generating a higher gas pressure, while the cooling arrangement (7, 71, 83, 82) is constructed and dimensioned such that a devitrification of the lamp bulb and a condensation of the filling gas are substantially prevented at said increased power. A lighting unit with such a high-pressure gas discharge lamp is further described, as is a power supply unit for operating the lamp. This not only considerably improves the spectral properties of the light, but the lamp also operates at a higher operating voltage because of the higher gas pressure, so that a correspondingly higher lamp power is achieved for a given lamp current. On the other hand, given the same lamp power, a weaker current is required, so that the electrodes will have a substantially longer useful life.

Abstract: A high pressure electric discharge lamp adapted to utilize dielectric barrier discharges can include an arc tube having a discharge space that contains at least a rare gas and an outer tube airtightly surrounding the arc tube. At least one material selected from Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe, F2, Cl2, Br2, I2and N2 or a mixture thereof that are apt to produce a dielectric barrier discharge can be filled in the space between the arc tube and the outer tube at pressure preferably between 1.3 and 100 [kPa] and more preferably between 40 and 80 [kPa]. The type and the pressure of the rare gas contained in the space is selected as to make the dielectric barrier discharge starting voltage in the space lower than the discharge starting voltage in the discharge space.

Abstract: A high-low beam switching device for a headlight includes a housing, a base cap and an external layer constituted of a connection tube, and a seat body for the positioning of the inner layer of the solenoid module of a magnetic coil loop, and for the positioning of the sliding light tube support seat and the inner layer sliding structure of the tube. The solenoid module is provided with a through hole containing a securing seat and a sliding rod, and the outer ring of the sliding rod is provided with an elastic body and is in combination with the sliding-light tube support seat.

Abstract: A microhollow cathode discharge (MHCD) cavity and microfluidic channel are combined for interrogation of samples. The apparatus includes a dielectric body and layers of conductive material defining a MHCD cavity containing an environment for carrying a gas discharge within the MHCD cavity. The gas discharge generates gas based electromagnetic waves. Electrical connections apply a cathode discharge potential to the layers of conductive material. A microfluidic channel is integrated on the substrate, and a path extends from the MHCD cavity laterally through a portion of the microfluidic channel. A detector, which may be integrated on the common substrate, is positioned to receive electromagnetic waves from the path and electronic circuitry is coupled to the detector for acquiring and processing data.

Abstract: A rotary shaft and a rotating body are connected in such a way as to stably control the tilt of a wafer platen in an ion implanter. The rotary shaft has a key way and the rotating body has a boss into which the rotary shaft extends. A key integrates the rotary shaft and the rotary body so that they rotate together without slipping relative to each other. An end cap is screwed onto the rotary body over the end of the rotary shaft and the key. As a result, the wafer platen can be maintained at an accurate orientation or tilt relative to the ion beam produced by the implanter.

Abstract: An apparatus for controlling overshoots in the switching of LED arrays in a system having a switching voltage converter providing the biasing voltage for the LED array. By synchronizing a switching converter to an LED turn-on signal, loading on the voltage converter can be controlled such that output conduction of the converter only occurs when LEDs that are to be displayed are switched on to provide loading to the output of the converter. A Sample and hold method is employed to effectively store the current information in a previous “on” interval and use it for the current control in a following interval with inhibited current overshoot.

Abstract: A power factor correction device including electronic ballast function. The device adds a control circuit to produce the electronic ballast action to reduce harmonic interference, save power and room, and increase system reliability. The device includes a lamp for illumination; an ignitor, connected in series with the lamp to start the illumination; a voltage and current controller, connected in parallel with the series lamp and ignitor to receive the voltage across the lamp and output a feedback control signal according to the received voltage; and a power factor correction controller, connected in parallel with the voltage and current controller to adjust the output current to the lamp according to the feedback control signal so as to protect the entire circuit and increase the system reliability.

Abstract: A discharge lamp ballast circuit has a snubber circuit to perform a soft switching when the MOS transistor is turned off. The snubber circuit has, for example, a capacitor that resonates with a reactance of the fly-back transformer and enables a zero voltage switching. Before a breakdown of a discharge lamp, a control circuit drives the MOS transistor in a non-zero voltage switching manner by turning on the MOS transistor just after a peak voltage. The non-zero voltage switching increases an output voltage of the fly-back transformer. After the breakdown of the discharge lamp, the control circuit turns on the MOS transistor in the zero voltage switching manner to perform the soft switching. As a result, it is possible to reduce switching loss during a lighting of the discharge lamp and to supply sufficient voltage in the lighting preparation period.

Abstract: An apparatus for generating a dynamic focus signal appropriate for a flat-type CDT, or flat-screen CRT has a first multiplier for receiving a horizontal sawtooth wave and outputting the square component of the wave; a second multiplier for receiving a vertical sawtooth wave and outputting the square component of the wave; a third multiplier for multiplying the outputs of the first and the second multipliers; and a mixer for mixing the outputs of the first through the third multipliers and outputting the result as a dynamic focus signal. The apparatus is able to perform optimal focus control appropriate for a flat-screen CRT.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a device in an electronic driving dynamics control system, comprising an electromechanic transducer, especially an electric motor, a hydraulic pump (17), and an electric actuating unit (4,5,16) for the transducer, said transducer including a magnetic or magnetizable stator (10) and a rotor (11), as well as connections (6 . . . 9) for connecting the actuating unit, and a commutation device (2,12 . . . 15) for the actuation of electromagnetic windings of the rotor, said invention inhering the special feature that the commutation device comprises three or more commutating elements (12 . . . 15) that are electrically connected to the respective connections so that the windings of the rotor can be actuated individually by the actuating unit (4,5,16), with at least one commutating element being connected to a change-over element (5) that provides for an additional connection (21) for connecting a rotational speed measurement device (4).

Abstract: A method for driving a brushless DC motor is disclosed in accordance with the present invention. Firstly, a driving control signal is generated based on sensed information of a motor rotor's magnetic field distribution. The driving control signal is inactive in the case that four rotor magnetic arcs are rotated more or less than critical positions of the rotor corresponding a stator. At that time, no magnetic fields are produced from the motor's stator, and thus the rotor rotates by inertial force. In another case, the driving control signal is issued in a conventional manner.

Abstract: Method and system for controlling a permanent magnet machine are provided. The method provides a sensor assembly for sensing rotor sector position relative to a plurality of angular sectors. The method further provides a sensor for sensing angular increments in rotor position. The method allows starting the machine in a brushless direct current mode of operation using a calculated initial rotor position based on an initial angular sector position information from the sensor assembly. Upon determining a transition from the initial angular sector to the next angular sector, the method allows switching to a sinusoidal mode of operation using rotor position based on rotor position information from the incremental sensor.

Abstract: For their pump drive dishwashers are usually equipped for reasons of cost only with an unregulated asynchronous motor which however is temperamental in terms of the sealing requirements involved, and a simple controller operating circuit (13) for executing the functional program because a rotary speed-controllable drive could not comply with the price limit which is preset by the market. However rotary speed control would be highly desirable in terms of the level of efficiency, energy demand and the generation of noise. In order to embody a dishwasher with a pump drive which involves a low level of wear and which is controllable in respect of its rotary speed without a substantial increase in cost, the use of a dc motor (11) with field windings (19) which can be alternately supplied with current by way of sensor-controlled switching sections (34) is an optimum.

Abstract: A security gate operating system and method are disclosed, which may comprise a security gate capable of motion between a closed position and an open position; a drive mechanism attached to the security gate and adapted to provide a driving force to the security gate to move the security gate between the closed position and the open position; an electrical drive motor having a drive shaft connected directly to the drive mechanism without a reduction gear between the drive motor and the drive mechanism. The method and system may also comprise the drive motor being a reluctance motor including a switched reluctance motor, and including also a three phase switched reluctance motor. The method and system may also comprise a drive chain operatively connected to the security gate; and a drive sprocket attached directly to the shaft of the drive motor, with the drive sprocket in operative connection to the drive chain.

Abstract: Method and system for controlling the start of a permanent magnet machine are provided. The method allows to assign a parameter value indicative of an estimated initial rotor position of the machine. The method further allows to energize the machine with a level of current being sufficiently high to start rotor motion in a desired direction in the event the initial rotor position estimate is sufficiently close to the actual rotor position of the machine. A sensing action allows to sense whether any incremental changes in rotor position occur in response to the energizing action. In the event no changes in rotor position are sensed, the method allows to incrementally adjust the estimated rotor position by a first set of angular values until changes in rotor position are sensed. In the event changes in rotor position are sensed, the method allows to provide a rotor alignment signal as rotor motion continues. The alignment signal allows to align the estimated rotor position relative to the actual rotor position.

Abstract: A vehicle memory mirror system includes a vehicle mirror assembly and a control module. The vehicle mirror assembly includes a reflective element, a motor for positioning the reflective element about an axis, a monitor for monitoring the position of the reflective element with respect to the axis, and a mirror-based control including a position control which is operatively connected with the motor and the monitor in order to position the reflective element at a particular position. The control module is interconnected with the mirror-based control by an analog interface and includes a processor for providing analog signals on the analog interface indicative of a desired position of the reflective element with respect to the axis. The mirror-based control preferably includes a servo-amplifier circuit. The control module can control the speed of movement by formatting a series of sequential signals on the interface, each representing an incremental movement of the reflective element.

Abstract: A constant torque alternating current (AC) induction motor controller adapted to be attached to machine tools uses a power factor controller. With induced EMF sensing, the controller provides enhanced “soft” starting of the motor.

Abstract: A motor control includes a driver, an inverter, and a controller. The inverter electrically couples an input of the driver, an input of the controller, and a plurality of outputs of the controller. The controller is configured to actuate the driver. The method actuates a motor through the driver and the inverter.