Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide an improved electrostatic painting device wherein spray coating may be carried out by keeping a spray distance of the electrostatic painting machine within an optimum distance range which provides a good coating efficiency and to prevent the coating worker from extending unconsciously the spray distance out of the optimum distance range.

Abstract: The invention relates to an electrospray emitter (1′; 1″; 1′″), comprising an essentially tubular member (2; 5; 7) having an inlet end and an outlet end. There is provided a spray aperture (4) in the outlet end, having an inner diameter suitable for the generation of electrospray usable in mass spectrometry. At least a surface portion of the emitter comprises a conductive polymer composition that is stable in conditions prevailing during electrospray.

Abstract: In a powder spray device for the electrostatic coating of workpieces with powder at least partly comprising electrically conductive particles and having a powder channel (10) for delivering the powder to an outlet directed towards the workpiece the powder channel contains a local cross-sectional reduction. The cross-sectional reduction brings about a velocity increase of the powder in the powder channel, thereby preventing an adhesion of the powder to the inner wall of the powder channel.

Abstract: A self-propelling wood crushing machine comprises a body frame 10; travel devices 11 provided at both ends of the body frame 10 in the widthwise direction; a crusher provided substantially at the center of the body frame 10 in the longitudinal direction and including a crushing rotor 20 having a crushing bit 18 disposed on an outer periphery thereof; a carrier conveyor 3 provided on one side of the body frame 10 in the longitudinal direction to extend in the longitudinal direction of the body frame 10 and feeding wood to be crushed to the crusher; a pressing conveyor 5 comprising a pressing roller provided above the carrier conveyor 3 in the vicinity of the crusher, a drive roller provided on the side opposite to the pressing roller away from the crusher, and a feeding belt stretched between and wound around the pressing roller and the drive roller, the pressing conveyor 5 pressing the wood to be crushed while moving up and down, thereby introducing the wood to the crusher under cooperation with the feeding m

Abstract: A spice or peppercorn grinder including a cylinder body; an L-grooved barrel in the cylinder body; a top cap connected to a pressure drum slidably mounted in the L-grooved barrel, a rotatable ∞-shaped open-end long tube provided in a lower space of the pressure drum and engaged with a screw-shaped long axis assembly provided rotatably in the L-grooved barrel, so that when the ∞-shaped open-end long tube moves downwardly with the pressure drum, the screw-shaped long axis is caused to rotate in a certain direction, the other end of the screw-shaped long axis assembly being provided with a pinion; a compression spring being provided between the seat of the L-grooved barrel and the bottom of the pressure drum; a gear-toothed ring transmission mechanism being provided beneath the L-grooved barrel; a grinding plate assembly being provided on the cylinder bottom and being driven by the gear reduction apparatus to rotate in one direction to grind spices or peppercorns.

Abstract: A pulverizer housing liner for the housing unit of an EL pulverizer is made up of an arcuate liner body having an inner curved surface forming a segment of the circular housing unit and two circumferentially spaced flutes fixed to the inner surface.

Abstract: A carrier tube is provided for retaining yarn packages during a dyeing operation, the tube including axially aligned rings spaced from one another along at least a portion thereof. Longitudinally extending columns or ribs intersect each of the rings to form a lattice structure over at least a portion of the surface of the tube body in which apertures are defined by the rings and ribs. Each of the ribs includes interspersed reduced load carrying sections that deflect compressively in response to axial load applied to the tube. The deflections of the reduced load carrying sections accumulating over the length of the ribs to permit axial acceptance of the load. The carrier tube also having radial reduction sections connected to the rings to accept a radial reduction of the tube in response to compressive load created by the yarn during the dyeing operation.

Abstract: A webbing retractor is provided. When assembled, due to a positional relationship which is such that insert-in portions are formed between a tubular portion of a lock base and a spool shaft, grooves are formed at the tubular portion and a portion of the spool shaft. An elastically deformable terminal end portion is formed at a stopper which is press-fit into an insert-in hole. In a state in which the stopper also is installed, not only press-in load in a thrusting direction, but also press-in load in a radial direction is applied between the lock base and a spool such that a structure is fixed.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a tape locking device for tape measures. The tape locking device comprises a locking lever hinged to an upper portion of the wall of the housing in such a way to be rotated frontward and rearward around a hinged joint, and provided with a connecting piece downwardly extending from the locking lever. A cylinder is connected at its first end to a hole formed at the lower portion of the connecting piece, with a coil spring fitted over the cylinder. A wedge-shaped stopper is connected to the second end of the cylinder, and having a desired frictional force. This stopper is elastically biased by the coil spring to be wedged in the gap between the outer circumferential surface of a wound part of the tape around the bobbin and a linear part of the tape led to the slot when releasing the locking lever after drawing a desired length of tape from the slot, so the drawn tape is automatically locked by frictional contact between the stopper surface and the drawn tape surface.

Abstract: Method for reducing the tension of wires during a process for production of a strand using said wires, comprising the steps of unwinding at least one wire (1) from a supply reel, feeding the unwound wire (1) to a stranding machine which pulls the wire, winding it onto a take-up reel (31) at a predetermined winding speed, said at least one wire being subjected to a pulling/pushing action in the same sense as the direction of feeding thereof, along the section of the travel path between the supply reel and the point of entry into the stranding machine.

Abstract: A method and appartus for sandwiching the loose end of the optical fiber. A disk assembly is disclosed which includes a first disk capable of being mounted on the shaft proximate the first flange of the reel and a second disk capable of being mounted on the shaft proximate the first disk, wherein the first and second disks are capable of being spaced apart to accept the loose end of the optical fiber, and the first and second disks are capable of being moved together to sandwich the loose end of the optical fiber.

Abstract: An aid for starting to wind a belt, especially a corded belt, on a reel, which is provided with a driving device, with a forked supporting body, which preferably is in two parts and can be moved perpendicularly to the reel axis against the reel core with closed guiding belts which are wrapped partially around the reel core from below and, with clamping of the belt that is to be wound up, are carried along by the driving device.

Abstract: A reel shaft for reeling a paper web in a reel-up, which reel-up includes at least one unit that is mobile in the longitudinal direction of the paper machine and supports a pair of opposite engagement members each of which includes an engagement part, which engagement parts are arranged for rotatably carrying and detachably engaging the reel shaft during reeling. In accordance with the invention, the reel shaft is free of a support shaft and has a self-supporting, tubular sleeve substantially formed of fiber-reinforced plastic, which sleeve has an envelope surface on which the initial wrapping of the paper web shall be performed, and also an internal surface defining an axial channel terminating in axial openings at the ends of the reel shaft. The invention also relates to a reel-up for such reel shafts.

Abstract: In reeling up of a paper web, a continuous paper web is reeled around a reeling core/reeling cores into successive machine reels or customer rolls. The actual control system controlling the reeling up process is supplemented with a substantially separate, model-based learning fault diagnostics. The fault diagnostics in a diagnostic state detects the malfunctions in components critical in view of the operation of the reel-up by monitoring measuring, control and actuating variables of the reel-up and by comparing them with a model formed during a learning state. In a fault tolerance state the fault diagnostics actively affects the measuring, control and actuating variables to maintain the function of the reel-up, and improve operating reliability.

Abstract: A spiral winder wrinkle remover capable of wrapping a material of varying thickness into a structurally stable, smooth coil. As a material is supplied to the spiral winder, the collecting device, such as a spool, rotates and oscillates linearly along the axis of rotation to distribute the material along the length of the collecting device and form a structurally stable coil of material. As the material is directed to the collecting device it is threaded through a tilting guide. The guide tilts with the linear oscillations of the collecting device and maintains a uniform tension across the width of the material. The oscillations and tilting guide ensure that a material, particularly if the material's thickness varies along its width, is wrapped into a structurally stable coil where the layers of the coil are wrapped smoothly, without folds or wrinkles.

Abstract: A roll core is adapted for fitting into an open end of a roll core for supporting said roll core while said roll core is capable of rotating with respect to said handle. The handle includes a hollow holder body having a plurality of side-by-side side wall arcuate segments and a plurality of stiffening ribs formed longitudinally around the holder body, wherein the stiffening ribs are positioned spacedly apart to separate the plurality of arcuate segments into groups of resilient rotor supports adapted for compressive constraint within said roll core for enabling the roll core to be smoothly rotated with respect to the holder body. The handle further includes a flange radially and outwardly extended from a proximal end of the holder body integrally.

Abstract: The invention described herein relates to a medical bowl adapted to accommodate and retain a coiled medical device comprising: generally smooth cylindrical sidewall portion; a generally planar circular bottom portion; and a plurality of retention tabs extending upward from said bottom portion and positioned thereon to provide a space between said sidewall portion and said retention tabs. The retention tabs are structured and positioned to facilitate the handling and grippability of a coiled device placed within the bowl.

Abstract: In most existing toilet paper dispensers a person must compress the spindle by grasping it and pushing, or pulling, to compress it within itself, in order to remove the empty toilet paper roll. This invention uses a rod or plunger that compresses the spring loaded spindle and permits easier access and removal of the empty toilet paper roll.

Abstract: A solar rechargeable, long-duration, span-loaded flying wing, having no fuselage or rudder. Having a two-hundred foot wingspan that mounts photovoltaic cells on most all of the wing's top surface, the aircraft uses only differential thrust of its eight propellers to turn, pitch and yaw. The wing is configured to deform under flight loads to position the propellers such that the control can be achieved. Each of five segments of the wing has one or more motors and photovoltaic arrays, and produces its own lift independent of the other segments, to avoid loading them. Five two-sided photovoltaic arrays, in all, are mounted on the wing, and receive photovoltaic energy both incident on top of the wing, and which is incident also from below, through a bottom, transparent surface.

Abstract: A variable-lift device using a helium to fly. The device comprises a balloon (1) composed of an outer flexible envelope (3) supported by a rigid structure. The rigid structure comprises a plurality of hollow toruses (4) of inside volume that acts as a tank for storing helium under pressure.

Abstract: Our invention is a secure air travel system and method that eliminates security risks associated with passenger baggage by not allowing checked baggage and most carry-on baggage on the airliners that carry passengers. This method creates a two separate classes of air carriers or two classes of air carrier flights. One class transports passengers only and the other class transports only luggage of passengers between various locations. By eliminating the checked bags and most carry-on bags on the passenger-only flights, the security risks from weapons, bombs or other hazardous materials on these bags are totally eliminated from passenger-only flights. This mode of air travel can be implemented to co-exist with the current airlines and air travel methods.

Abstract: The present invention provides a temperature control system for an aircraft ventilation system that couples with existing aircraft upstream ventilation system architecture and downstream ventilation system architecture. The temperature control system includes an air duct arranged to receive a volume of ventilation air from the upstream ventilation system architecture and transfer the volume of air to the downstream ventilation system architecture. At least one heater is interposed within the duct and is arranged to heat the ventilation air. Additionally, at least one temperature sensor that is in thermodynamic communication with the volume of air within the duct is located downstream from the at least one heater and is arranged to determine an actual temperature of the ventilation air. A controller is in electrical communication with the at least one heater and the at least one temperature sensor. The controller is programmed with a predetermined range of temperatures above the freezing point of water.

Abstract: The present invention provides a temperature control system for an aircraft ventilation system that couples with existing aircraft upstream ventilation system architecture and downstream ventilation system architectureb. The temperature control system includes an air duct arranged to receive a volume of ventilation air from the upstream ventilation system architecture and transfer the volume of air to the downstream ventilation system architecture. A heater is arranged to heat the ventilation air. A controller is arranged to control the heater responsive to a comparison of the actual temperature of the ventilation air to a desired range of temperatures. The controller maintains the actual ventilation air temperature within the predetermined range of temperatures such that formation of ice is minimized in the aircraft ventilation system. An exhaust shutoff valve between the air distribution system and the lavatory/galley ventilation system provides for ventilation in the event smoke is detected.

Abstract: A ceiling panel speaker 100 comprises ceiling panel vibrating plates 110 and exciter units 200 mounted on said vibrating plates 110, each exciter unit 200 connected via line 270 to an amplifier not shown. The ceiling panel vibrating plates 110 are aligned to form a longitudinal size L1 extending above one or more aisles within the cabin, so that the ceiling panel speaker 100 realizes a long surface sound source. The sound waves output from the ceiling panel speaker 100 are transmitted along inner wall panels 12 etc. and spread throughout the closed space of the passenger cabin 50.

Abstract: A plug type door intended particularly for use on a military cargo type aircraft is designed to enable its ejection if necessary. To do this, an operating device such as a handle (28) simultaneously controls retraction of hinge pins (16c) from the hinges about which the panel (10) of the door is hinged to its frame (12) and retraction of the mechanical elements (21) against which the stops (19) fitted on the panel usually bear by gravity, when the door is closed. Furthermore, guide ramps connected to the frame (12) and in which the rollers supported by the panel (10) open downwards, to enable the panel (10) to drop by gravity when the handle (28) is pulled.

Abstract: A variable spacer includes a plate having a first surface and a second surface. At least one hole is integrally formed within the plate, extending from the first surface to the second surface. The hole receives a shaft of a separation bolt used for attaching a spacecraft to a launch vehicle. The plate increases a first load within the separation bolt to a second load during a turbulent stage. The second load reduces a gapping that occurs between the launch vehicle and the spacecraft. Thereafter, the plate reduces the second load within the separation bolt to a third load during a separation stage. The third load decreases a shock level experienced by the spacecraft and the launch vehicle.

Abstract: A spacecraft protected by a coating comprises a spacecraft having an external surface, and a coating on the external surface of the spacecraft. The coating includes a binder that is an organic material or an inorganic material, and a plurality of pyroelectric pigment particles bound together by the binder. The coating initially includes a coating vehicle which is subsequently evaporated so that the coating is a solid. The coating has a thickness of from about 0.001 inch to about 0.020 inch where the binder is an organic material, and has a thickness of from about 0.001 inch to about 0.010 inch where the binder is an inorganic material.

Abstract: This invention provides an aircraft control system having: means (12) for detecting an irregularity in aircraft handling during flight; means (18) for causing temporarily a rigid body excitation in at least aportion of the aircraft; means (20) for monitoring an actual response to the excitation; means (22) for comparing the actual response and a target response to the rigid body excitation; and means (14) responsive to an output from the comparison means for determining the need for a modification of the current flight plan and for generating a corresponding control output. The invention also provides a corresponding method for controlling an aircraft.

Abstract: An apparatus for use with an agricultural assembly including at least one rigid support member and a plurality of power cables that traverse along trajectories generally aligned with a cable trajectory adjacent a mounting segment on a mounting side of the support member, the apparatus comprising a substantially rigid restraining member that forms an elongated passageway that traverses between first and second ends and that defines a minimum cross sectional area that loosely accommodates all of the cables passing therethrough and a mounting member linked to the restraining member and operable to mount the restraining member to the mounting side of the support member such that the passageway is substantially aligned with the cable trajectory wherein the cables are loosely receivable through the passageway to generally retain the cables proximate the support member.

Abstract: A moving yoke comprises a first yoke member, a second yoke member, swivellable relative to the first yoke member about a first axis, and a third yoke member having an arcuate portion. The second yoke member has an arcuate support portion, and the arcuate portion of the third yoke member is supported by the arcuate portion of the second yoke member to enable slidable movement relative thereto along an arcuate path.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a specific ring support construction that supports containers of volatile liquids where the containers may become deformed, unstable and possibly tip over and provides a stable base for the containers and also makes the containers easier to navigate through conventional filing lines; said ring support construction comprising:

Abstract: A coupling device for a displaying apparatus and electronic appliances which comprises a base member having a mounting part, positioned on an installation surface; and a monitor main body having a plurality of movable mounting parts detachably combined relative to the mounting part of the base member. With this configuration, the displaying apparatus can be easily adapted for a table-mounted type displaying apparatus or a wall-mounted type displaying apparatus.

Abstract: A coat hook assembly (10) includes a hook member (80) for connection with a structure (12). The hook member (80) is supported for pivotal movement from an opening (40) and from a stored position to an operative position. The hook member (80) has a hook portion (82) adapted to support a garment. The hook member (80) has a closure portion (84) fixed for pivotal movement with the hook portion (82), and blocking the opening (40) when the hook member is in the stored position. A latch mechanism (120) releasably hold the hook member (80) in the stored position. The latch mechanism (120) is responsive to a pushing force on the hook member (80) when in the stored position to release the hook member for pivotal movement from the stored position to the operative position.

Abstract: A cup-holder insert for accommodating a beverage and a snack or combo meal includes in a typical embodiment: a) central support member of generally circular cross-section configured to be disposed in a cup-holder and reside vertically in the cup-holder when placed therein and which defines a first cavity adapted to receive a cup; b) at least a first laterally projecting food receptacle portion which projects laterally from the support member when the insert is placed in the cup-holder, the first laterally projecting food receptacle portion defining a second cavity adapted to receive victuals; and c) at least a second laterally projecting food receptacle portion thereof which projects laterally from the support member when the insert is placed in the cup-holder, the second laterally projecting food receptacle portion defining a third cavity for receiving victuals.

Abstract: A device suitable for suspending a component, such as a flat panel display screen, which device includes a carrier comprising at least one hook or one recess and a nearby opening, as well as an intermediate plate comprising at least one recess which can be positioned over said hook or a hook which can be positioned in said recess, as well as a passage positioned coaxially opposite the opening present in the carrier. The intermediate plate further comprises a resilient strip extending substantially parallel to the intermediate plate, which strip is provided with a pin which is supported in the passage. The pin is movable against spring force from a first position, in which it is disposed in the opening in the carrier, to a second position, in which it is disposed outside said opening.

Abstract: A medical suspension system (10) includes a ceiling plate (30) configured for mounting to a support structure (16). The ceiling plate supports a device (12), such as a lighthead or video monitor, which is mounted to the ceiling plate via an articulated arm (50) and a spindle (40), which is centrally mounted to the ceiling plate. A second device (14) is mounted to the ceiling plate, not through the spindle (40), in the conventional manner, but via an adapter plate (62), which is mounted directly to the ceiling plate. This increases the number of devices which are readily carried by the support structure without extending the spindle length which conventionally occurs when additional hubs are added to the main spindle.

Abstract: An upper body support device for supporting the upper body of a person when leaning over an elevated surface includes an underside adapted for placement on an edge portion of an elevated surface and an upper side adapted for the person to lean on when leaning over the elevated surface. The underside of the upper body support device is shaped so that the support device can be placed on the edge portion of an elevated surface at variable heights and distances from the edge of the elevated surface. The support device can be maintained on the elevated surface by a person leaning on the upper side. The support device can also be maintained on the elevated surface by a weight inserted in a cavity inside the portion of the support device that is on top of the elevated surface. Additionally, the support device can be fastened to a person with a belt or harness.

Abstract: A supporting device (21) for a discrete electric component is so designed as to include a supporting part (22), and this supporting part includes a main body (26), and a pair of first flange portions (27a, 27b) and a pair of second flange portions (28a, 28b) which are respectively provided on both sides of this main body. A first recess (29) is defined by the main body and a pair of the first flange portions, and a second recess (30) is defined by the main body and a pair of the second flange portions. These flange portions of the supporting part (22) have slanting portions at their upper end parts, and these flange portions are interrupted at a base end of the supporting part. The terminals (19, 20) of an LED (17) are inserted into the recesses of the supporting part, enabling the LED to be supported and held.

Abstract: A mirror device for a vehicle which is equipped with a mirror surface angle adjusting mechanism. In a door mirror device for a vehicle, a load is applied to a rod drive in an axial direction, a claw member elastically deforms, and an engagement valley of the rod drive rides up over an engagement projection provided at a distal end of the claw member and is moved. Here, given that angles of inclination of two surfaces of the engagement valley, at a mirror side and at a side opposite the mirror, with respect to a direction orthogonal to an axis of the rod drive, are respectively &thgr;1 and &thgr;2, &thgr;1>&thgr;2. In this way, two loads for manually moving the rod drive toward a side opposite the mirror and toward the mirror side can be made to approach substantially a same magnitude.

Abstract: A chill tube (1) having a double T-shaped inner and outer cross section in beam blank format is encased in a water-guiding jacket (12) adapted to its outer contour while forming a water gap (14). The wall thickness (D) of chill tube (1) in the rounded transition regions (2) from middle crosspieces (4), which face each other head to head and are drawn in towards longitudinal axis (3), to the neighboring crosswise positioned flanges (5) is dimensioned at least partially smaller than in the remaining wall sections (6, 7). The reduction in wall thickness is implemented by longitudinal hollow recesses (8). These recesses (8) extend only in the height range of the bath level. Into the cross sectional regions which are formed by the outer contour of chill tube (1) as well as the inner contour of water-guiding jacket (12), filler pieces (17) are incorporated, adapted to this cross section.

Abstract: An ice mold of the type comprising a tray (10) incorporating a plurality of cavities (11) for ice formation, each two adjacent cavities (11) being separated by a corresponding tray portion (12), at least part of said tray portions (12) being provided with a window (20), which is dimensioned in order to allow the formation and the ascending passage of a convective air current between each two adjacent cavities (11), at least part of the opposite lateral walls (13a) of each cavity (11) being formed by double walls, which are laterally spaced from each other and define a receptacle (30) that will be filled up with water to be frozen and solidified.

Abstract: A collapsible corner assembly is used in a collapsible form assembly to form a hollow structure, such as a four or five sided hollow concrete structure. One embodiment of the form assembly includes two collapsible corner assemblies, two fixed corner assemblies, and intermediate panels coupled to the corner assemblies. Each collapsible corner assembly preferably includes collapsible side portions and retractable members forming outer corner forming surfaces. To collapse the collapsible corner assembly, the retractable members are retracted and the collapsible side portions are moved inwardly. Collapsing the collapsible corner assemblies allows the form assembly to be removed from the hollow structure.

Abstract: A solid state image sensor array for correcting curvilinear distortion and method for fabricating the image sensor array utilizes straight line segments that approximate the curvature of the curvilinear distortion to define structures of the image sensor array. The use of these straight line segments results in photosensitive elements that are distributed in a non-uniform pattern to compensate for the curvilinear distortion, which may be barrel or pincushion distortion. In addition, the use of straight line segments increases the efficiency of the photosensitive elements by maximizing the surface area of the photosensitive elements. Furthermore, since the structures of the image sensor array are defined by the straight line segments, the design of the image sensor array is suitable for conventional high volume fabrication process.

Abstract: A semiconductor integrated circuit device, having a plurality of processing elements accommodated on a single semiconductor chip, has a latch circuit and a selecting circuit. The latch circuit is provided at an output of each of the processing elements. The selecting circuit selects an input source from a group consisting of upper, lower, left, and right processing elements and a zero signal.

Abstract: A method is described for scanning image pixels in a sequence which, in contrast to the traditional and ubiquitous raster scan, better groups effectively adjacent and neighbouring image pixels together in the scanned sequence, resulting in a much lower bandwidth signal and leading directly to bandwidth and storage gains from compression and exploitation of image redundancy. M-Scan, for meandering scan, is synthesised by iterative application of a simple primitive pattern or patterns, and analysed by iterative partitioning. M-Scans can achieve unbroken continuity between pixels in the image, and in routine application never need to step between non image adjacent pixels. Whereas a conventional raster has a low vertical and a high horizontal scan rate, M-Scan has intermediate and approximately equal vertical and horizontal rates. An M-Scan signal power spectrum lacks the comb at the line rate of the conventional raster scan signal.

Abstract: A solid image pick-up apparatus having a plurality of sensor cells each of the sensor cells having a photoelectric converting device, includes a plurality of holding capacitances for holding signals from the plurality of sensor cells, a plurality of first switches for transferring signals of the plurality of holding capacitances, a plurality of blocking areas for connecting outputs of the plurality of first switches each blocking area connecting the outputs of a predetermined number of at least two of the first switches, a common signal line, and a plurality of second switches for transferring signals of the plurality of blocking areas to the common signal line.

Abstract: A light-receiving device has a high-concentration impurity layer of a first conductivity type and a high-concentration impurity layer of a second conductivity type surrounding it formed on a substrate of the first conductivity type having a low impurity concentration so as to function as a light-receiving portion. The high-concentration impurity layers of the first and second conductivity types are arranged in the same direction as the top surface of the substrate. A layer having a short carrier life time is formed on the bottom surface of the substrate. Thus, carriers ascribable to unnecessary light components that have reached the layer having a short carrier life time have a shorter life time, making it possible to sufficiently cut unnecessary long-wavelength light components.

Abstract: Passive thermal stabilization of a wavelength monitor includes shielding a wavelength dependent filter of the wavelength monitor from ambient cavity temperatures with portions extending from a submount supporting detectors for the wavelength monitor. The portions and the submount may constitute a single piece, or may be multiple pieces. The shield covers at least one surface of the wavelength dependent filter. The shield may include electrical interconnections for the detectors. A temperature detector may be provided on the submount or the shield portions. The submount or shield portions may be modeled and/or designed to have a section that tracks the thermal response of the wavelength dependent filter and the temperature detector may be mounted on that section.

Abstract: Micro-electromechanical apparatus and method with position sensor compensation to compensate for sensor drift. A preferred embodiment comprises modifying the intensity of a light source used in position detection to maintain a constant sum of the voltages output from photodetectors receiving light from the light source. Preferred embodiments may be implemented in digital signal processor code, or external to the processor in analog circuitry. By adjusting light source intensity, position calculations may be performed without normalization, and thus without a time-consuming division operation.

Abstract: A multi-type Fiber Bragg Grating Sensor System adapted to use on inclined chirped grating filter and to discharge light at a predetermined period of interval, enabling to accurately detect at one time wavelength variation amount of light signals reflected from the multiple FBG sensors, the system comprising: a light emitting diode driving unit for driving a light emitting diode in response to a timing signal produced therein to prompt the light emitting diode to repeatedly emit light signals; multiple FBG sensors for receiving the light signals emitted from the light emitting diode via a light coupler to reflect the light which changes its center wavelength according to externally-applied physical properties changes; an inclined chirped grating filter for allowing the light signals respectively reflected from each FBG sensors to pass the different amount of luminous intensity according to the center wavelength change; first detector for detecting the luminous intensity of each light signal having passed the i