Abstract: A system for automatically providing continuous power supply via standby uninterrupted power supplies (UPSs) includes: a plurality of primary UPSs (10) for providing power supply to electrically powered devices (3) connecting with the primary UPSs; a plurality of standby UPSs (20) connected to the electrically powered devices for providing power supply when there are malfunctions on the primary UPSs; a switch device (6) connected to the standby UPSs for switching over operational states of the standby UPSs; and a monitoring device (4) connected to the primary UPSs, the standby UPSs, the electrically powered devices and the switch device for collecting information from and giving instructions to the primary UPSs, the standby UPSs and the electrically powered devices. The monitoring device includes a programmable monitoring module (40) for collecting information, a shutdown controlling module (42) for giving shutdown instructions, and a switch controlling module (44) for controlling the switch device.

Abstract: Regarding output suppression control of a plurality of dispersed power sources linked to a high-voltage-to-low-voltage transformer of a commercial power system, the partiality of the output suppression of a plurality of dispersed power sources is eliminated and, cost increase of the dispersed power sources is prevented. If a voltage at a power receiving point of a dispersed power source 1a exceeds the upper limit of a proper value, then a power conditioner 4 suppresses an output to a power receiving point to store a surplus power into a storage battery 8 and transmit an output suppression start signal to a management unit 9. The management unit 9 transmits an output suppression command signal to the other dispersed power sources 1b through 1e of which the voltage at the power receiving point is not exceeding the upper limit of the proper value to make the other dispersed power sources 1b through 1e to suppress their outputs and store surplus power into storage batteries 8.

Abstract: A cogeneration system is provided that includes at least one generator and a controller. The controller is in electrical communication with the at least one generator. The controller is structured to transmit a signal to the at least one generator to cause the at least one generator to change by a predetermined amount the frequency and/or voltage of the output power from the at least one generator to enable an interruption of the utility source to be detected so that the at least one generator can be isolated from the utility source.

Abstract: The invention relates to a sensor arrangement, for example for determining the position and/or motion of an element or part which has at least one sensor unit and an electronic supply and receiving unit, the two units being accommodated in housings which are independent of one another, characterized in that the energy for operating at least one sensor unit (3, 3′) is transmitted between the housings (5 and 6) by magnetic induction, the housing (6) of the supply and receiving unit (4) containing a primary coil (7) which is electrically connected to the latter, the housing (5) of at least one sensor unit (3, 3′) containing a secondary coil (8) which is electrically connected to the latter, of a thus jointly formed transformer (7 and 8), and that the sensor states are transmitted by means of wireless transmission to the supply and receiving unit (4).

Abstract: Interleaved converter and method for controlling such inverter are provided. The converter includes a plurality of phasing stages. The converter further includes a calculator configured to calculate a duty cycle value of the converter. A processor is configured to receive the calculated duty cycle value. A rulebase is coupled to the processor and includes a set of phase-selection rules configured to select a respective phase number based on the calculated duty cycle value.

Abstract: The marine electrical system protector is a device which will not allow voltage above or below acceptable values to enter the ships' electrical system.

Abstract: A linear electric motor (10) including a magnet component (12), a conductor component (14) that interacts with the magnet component (12) and a control system (15) for directing current to the conductor component (14) is provided herein. Uniquely, the conductor component (14) minimizes the total stray magnetic fields generated by the conductor component (14), without significantly influencing the dynamic performance of the motor (10). Because of the conductor component (14) provided herein, the motor (10) is particularly useful in manufacturing, measurement and/or inspection processes that are sensitive and/or influenced by stray AC magnetic fields. More specifically, the present invention is particularly useful with an exposure apparatus (18) that utilizes an illumination system (24) that generates a charged particle beam, such as an electron beam.

Abstract: The linear synchronous motor consists of a specific primary and secondary part. The secondary portion is a ferromagnetic back plate. An array of permanent magnets are attached to the back plate so that a fixed or variable pole pitch occurs in a precise manner between at least two magnets of alternating polarity which improves existing methods for attaching, guiding, protecting and enhancing the overall flux array produced and emitted by the permanent magnets. A one-piece electrically synchronous linear secondary stator member accompanies a primary member, the synchronous linear permanent magnet motor. The stator electrical frequency is customizeable to allow for a wide variety of braking applications.

Abstract: An improved linear actuator incorporates a DC motor whose stator is secured to a frame is provided for. To improve operational longevity and reliability of a linear actuator, the improved actuator includes a retention clutch and an axial load limiter. An axially configured retention clutch is configured to slidably fit within the open inner channel diameter of an axial load limiter and over a motor shaft of a linear actuator. In operation, the retention clutch reduces the impact loads on the stop and extending the fatigue life of these wearable components. Similarly, when the screw encounters axial loads during operation, these loads are distributed across both the axial load limiter and the motor, thereby reducing direct forces on the motor and contributing to an extended use of the motor component.

Abstract: A linear motor coil assembly (12) comprises a plurality of coils (14) arranged in a line in a direction of movement and having respective coil shafts perpendicular to the direction of movement of the motor is provided. A flat cooling tube (20) is arranged to meander inside the plurality of coils. The cooling tube has a cross section elongated in a direction parallel to the coil axes, and a plurality of clearance holes (25) through which coolant flows are formed inside the cooling tube. The cooling tube has interleaved folds at least equal in number to the number of coils. The coils being fitted into these folds. At the time of manufacture of the coil assembly, the coils are wound around cores that are divided for each coil, and the cores are inserted into the folds of the cooling tube. A method of manufacturing a linear motor assembly having the aforesaid cooling tube is also disclosed.

Abstract: An over molded motor stator structure and an over molded motor prepared with the over molded stator structure includes a stator assembly including a bobbin assembly around which a coil is wound assembled to a stator core comprising a plurality of stator laminations having an internal diameter and an external diameter. The stator assembly is encapsulated by a unitizing material which forms an over molded motor stator structure including an integral unitized stator assembly and a molded main body. The stator assembly is encapsulated such that the internal diameter and the external diameter of the stator laminations is exposed-that is, not covered or encapsulated by the unitizing material.

Abstract: Disclosed is an iron core type linear motor, and more particularly an iron core type linear motor with an improved cooling system for an easy manufacture thereof while having a high cooling efficiency. The iron core type linear motor includes a moving part including a core, a coil, and an upper plate, and a stator including magnets, and a magnet fixing plate. The iron core type linear motor according to the present invention is characterized by a cooling system including a lower cooling conduit, a thermal insulating plate, and an upper cooling conduit laminated over one another in this order between the core and the upper plate.

Abstract: A dynamoelectric machine 30 includes a rotor 32 and a stator 34 surrounding the rotor. The dynamoelectric machine 30 further includes a generator housing 36 surrounding both the rotor 32 and the stator 34. Additionally, the dynamoelectric machine 30 includes at least one blower 39a, 39b for generating a cooling gas flow 38 within the generator housing 36 to cool the stator 34 and the rotor 32. The dynamoelectric machine 30 includes at least one arcuate heat exchanger 40a, 40b, 80a, 80b within the generator housing 36 for extracting heat from the cooling gas flow 38.

Abstract: Powder produced by abrasion due to sliding between a brush and a commutator is prevented from moving toward a rotor. A recess is provided between the rotor and a slide face of the brush and the commutator, where powder produced by abrasion at the brush may enter into a motor and increase sliding resistance of the rotor. Thus, there is no such powder produced by abrasion entering into the motor as increasing sliding resistance of the rotor.

Abstract: An electric motor lead frame for connecting motor coils of the same phase is formed integrally by a linear conductor. The linear conductor includes at least a single conducting wire and has terminal portions formed by bending for connection with winding ends of motor coils.

Abstract: The invention provides an electroacoustic transducer such as a speaker, a headphone, an earphone, a microphone, an acoustic wave sensor, etc., which is able to set a distribution of magnetic fluxes capable of uniformly driving the entire diaphragm in a wide range of a conductor formed on the diaphragm and with respect to the vibration direction thereof, does not require any high machining accuracy during production, and is able to efficiently convert electric signals into sounds or sounds into electric signals at a low distortion level.

Abstract: A rotor having magnets composed of rare-earth magnets is rotatably disposed inside an exterior casing, a penetrating aperture is disposed through a first end of the exterior casing relative to a direction of a motor central axis, and a filter is disposed so as to cover the penetrating aperture from a second end of the exterior casing relative to the direction of the motor central axis. A shaft is mounted to a bush by screwing an external thread portion into an internal thread portion. An operating member is mounted integrally onto a second end portion of the shaft projecting outward from a penetrating aperture in a housing. A rotation-regulating projection portion of a guide member fixed to the shaft is fitted loosely into a guide groove disposed so as to extend along an inner wall surface of a central aperture of the housing in the direction of the motor central axis.

Abstract: In an electrical drive mechanism, in particular for motor vehicles, having a commutator motor (14) disposed in a housing (10), which commutator motor (14) has a rotor shaft (17) with a commutator (22) non-rotatably supported on it and has a brush holder (30) affixed to the housing (10), and having a bearing (25) disposed in the vicinity of the commutator (22), which bearing has a bearing bush (34) that encloses the rotor shaft (17) with rotary play and a bearing seat (35) that contains the bearing bush (34), in order to achieve a simple embodiment for the bearing (25), a clamping member (37) is formed onto the brush holder (30) of one piece with it, which clamps the bearing bush (34) in a frictionally engaged, axial fashion in the bearing seat (35) formed in the housing (10) (FIG. 1).

Abstract: A housing structure for geared motors is disclosed. The housing structure is designed to seal the spaces between a stator core and first and second housings to prevent infiltration of moisture and impurities to a motor's drive part through the spaces or formation and growth of ice on the drive part, thus the motor always being smoothly started in its operation, without having a high drive torque undesirably increased to remove ice or impurities from the drive part. The first housing has a support part functioning to rotatably support a first end of the rotating shaft on the stator core, while the second housing has a cup part functioning to rotatably support a second end of the rotating shaft on the stator core. The support part of the first housing includes a first spherical bearing, a first seat part, and a bearing seat. The first housing also has a cylindrical part assembled with the stator core, and a shaft hole rotatably supporting an output shaft of the motor.

Abstract: A fluid dynamic bearing motor is provided comprising a an annular sleeve, a shaft disposed through the sleeve, a hub supported on a first end of the shaft, a journal between the sleeve and the shaft, and a fluid dynamic bearing in the journal, wherein the fluid dynamic bearing comprises an axial bearing and a radial bearing, the axial and radial bearings being formed on respectively angles surfaces to form one corner bearing.

Abstract: The type of magnetic field this machine produces negates the effects of gravity on objects subjected to it. Since this machine is not included in the U.S. Patent Classifications, it would be considered a new field.

Abstract: A motor having a stator and a rotor and wherein the stator has a plurality of stator poles is disclosed. Each of the plurality of stator poles is separated by a stator pole pitch. The rotor is concentrically disposed within the stator and at least one pair of magnets is mounted to the rotor. The at least one pair of magnets has at least one skewed side. Further, the rotor has a uniform variable air gap between an adjacent magnet. The magnet has inner and outer arcuate surfaces. The center of a circle describing the outside diameter of the magnet is off-centered from a circle describing an inside diameter of the magnet. Further, the at least one pair of magnets is skewed by at least one half of stator slot pitch.

Abstract: A switched reluctance machine has a stator which has an array of alternate wide and narrow poles around its inner circumference. Coils are wound around the wide poles only. The rotor includes segments of soft magnetic material carried on a non-magnetic core. The segments are so proportioned at the air gap that the flux produced by one stator coil passes through two or more segments and returns through the adjacent narrow poles. The machine is capable of producing a high output.

Abstract: A coil assembly comprises a coil wound upon a bob-bin. A pair of terminals is upported by the bobbin. The coil has a pair of lead wires, each of which is connected to one of the terminals. Each terminal is adapted to be coupled to an electronic control unit. The coil is enclosed at least in part by a flux return casing. At least one resilient member is arranged and configured to urge the bobbin and the casing axially downward. The resilient member can be included in a coil spacer that is disposed between the coils and a printed circuit board.

Abstract: A rotor assembly is provided in which the rotor assembly comprises a first core portion, wherein the first core portion has at least one first core protrusion, and a second core portion, wherein the second core portion has at least one second core protrusion. The first core portion and the second core portion are configured to be matingly coupled to each other so as to form an assembled rotor assembly. In addition, the rotor assembly comprises a plurality of magnetizable members wherein respective ones of the plurality of magnetizable members are coupled to each of the first core protrusions and coupled to each of the second core protrusions. The plurality of magnetizable members are adapted to be coupled to a magnetizing fixture prior to mating the first and second core portions so as to magnetize the magnetizable members.

Abstract: In an electric motor comprising a rotor, a stator, a stator core that constitutes the stator, a core section that constitutes the stator core, a plurality of split core blocks which constitute the core section, and a metallic connection housing that connects the split core blocks in dovetailed form to create one connected core section, the split core blocks are each formed of a laminated steel plate, in that the connection housing is formed of a material softer than the laminated steel plate, and the dovetailed connections at the connection housing are plastically deformed to remove the connection gap existing at each of the dovetailed connections.

Abstract: A stator for a vehicle alternator, wherein the stator includes continuous coils which are wound and inserted from an inner diameter of the stator core resulting in a non-interfering front-to-back configuration.

Abstract: A high-speed rotor, in particular a permanent-magnet rotor (1) for dynamoelectric machines of high power density, and also its production are proposed. The permanent-magnet rotor (1) comprises a spindle (2) and armouring (4) coaxial with the spindle (2), a number of ceramic permanent magnets (3a-3d) that are distributed between the spindle (2) and the cylindrical sheath (4), and also a gap-filling filling compound. Said filling compound made of filled polymers seals the gaps in the permanent-magnet rotor (1) by injection moulding. Due to the remanent pretension, the permanent magnets (3a-3d) remain permanently rigidly joined even against high centrifugal forces.

Abstract: A dual stator axial gap DC brushless machine is provided with first and second stators having equal pole counts, a given pole arc, and a given slot arc. A rotor is disposed between the first and second stators, having a pole count greater than the first and second stators. The pole count ratio between each stator and the rotor is six to eight. The second stator has a given degree of angular displacement relative to the first stator less than, ¾, ½ or ¼ the pole arc of the stators, but not less than the slot arc of the stators. Where the first and second stators each have a pole count of 18 and the rotor has a pole count of 24, the stator pole arc is 20 degrees, the rotor pole arc is 15 degrees, and the given degree of angular displacement is less than 20 degrees, 15 degrees, 10 degrees, or 5 degrees.

Abstract: The present invention is directed towards a system for rotating a pedestal through the use of rotatable actuators. First and second rotatable actuators having substantially parallel rotation axes are connected to the pedestal via linkage arms and gimbal springs. A coupling mechanism inhibits the first and second rotatable actuators from simultaneously rotating in the opposite sense about their respective axes.

Abstract: A novel structure comprising two substrates disposed closely each other, in which an organic molecular layer is formed on the surface of at least one substrate wherein the gap between the surface of the organic molecular layer on one substrate and the surface of the other substrate or the surface of the organic molecular layer on the other substrate is maintained to be usually less than 100 &mgr;m, preferably less than 1 &mgr;m is provided. A motor, actuator, and vibration-absorbing table comprising such structure are also provided.

Abstract: Device comprising a mobile structure with variable stiffness, preferably with electrostatic control.

Abstract: It is the object of the invention to create a piezoelectric expansion actuator for d33 piezoelements, which allows vibrations in structures to be suppressed. This object is achieved pursuant to a solution of the invention in that the expansion actuator (1) comprises a piezoelectric stack (2), which consists of d33 piezoelectric elements and is arranged between output elements (4), which are attached to the surface of the structure (7). The invention applies to a piezoelectric extension actuator, which is used to control vibrations in structures.

Abstract: High quality epitaxial layers of monocrystalline piezoelectric materials and compound semiconductor materials can be grown overlying monocrystalline substrates (22) such as large silicon wafers by forming a compliant substrate for growing the monocrystalline layers. An accommodating buffer layer (24) comprises a layer of monocrystalline oxide spaced apart from a silicon wafer by an amorphous interface layer (28) of silicon oxide. An integrated circuit including at least one surface acoustic wave device can be formed in and over the high quality epitaxial layers.

Abstract: A surface acoustic wave device includes a piezoelectric substrate and an electrode provided on the substrate. The electrode includes a first metal layer provided on the piezoelectric substrate and having a trapezoid shape in the cross section and a second metal layer provided over the piezoelectric substrate at the same position as the first metal layer over the piezoelectric substrate. By controlling the shape of side surfaces of the electrode, the surface acoustic wave device hardly vary in a propagation frequency.

Abstract: The piezo-composite curved actuator of the present invention comprises a piezoelectric layer (10), a lightweight fiber-reinforced lower composite layer (20) with a high CTE (coefficient of thermal expansion) and a low modulus, which is placed under the piezoelectric layer, a lightweight fiber-reinforced upper composite layer (30) with a low CTE and a high modulus, which is placed on the piezoelectric layer, and an insulator layer (23) placed between the piezoelectric layer and the upper composite layer. The piezo-composite curved actuator may further comprise an insulator layer (24) placed on the upper composite layer. Also, the piezo-composite curved actuator may further comprise insulator layers (22) placed between the insulator layer (23) and the lower composite layer (20) at the both sides of the piezoelectric layer (10).

Abstract: There is disclosed a piezoelectric/electrostrictive device being less-particle-generative and capable of continuously realizing a stable displacement operation over a long period of time or being large in displacement amount and high in generative force and the like. This less-dust-generative piezoelectric/electrostrictive device 1 comprises a plurality of piezoelectric/electrostrictive elements 31 including a plurality of piezoelectric/electrostrictive members 4 and at least one pair of electrodes formed on the side surface of each piezoelectric/electrostrictive member 4, and the members are set up on a thick ceramic substrate 2. In this less-dust-generative matrix-type piezoelectric/electrostrictive device 1, a plurality of piezoelectric/electrostrictive elements 31 substantially having pillar shapes are set up in a matrix form. The ceramic substrate 2 is formed integrally with the piezoelectric/electrostrictive elements 31.

Abstract: A device for opening and closing an opening (11), in particular in a motor vehicle, by means of a motor-driven, movable part (10), with a control unit (26) and a pinch prevention sensor (14), which is disposed essentially along an edge (20) of the part (10) and/or of a frame profile (12) bordering the opening (11) and which, during the closing of the part (10), detects an obstacle (24) that is in the movement path of the part (10) and sends a signal to the control unit (26) in order to stop or reverse the movement of the part (10), wherein the pinch prevention sensor (14) has a highly elastic, electroactive polymer (EAP) material (30), in particular polyurethane, fluoroelastomer, polybutadiene, fluorosilicone, or silicone, disposed between electrodes (28, 34, 36), which produces a voltage change in the electrodes (28, 34, 36) in the event of a deformation.

Abstract: A display device for holding DVDs, video cassettes and/or other similar content media, includes a housing having a substantially tubular shape with a lateral opening; a case disposed in the lateral opening and rotatable about an axis with respect to said housing; and a shelf adapted to hold a stack of media articles. The case is rotatable between an open position, in which the content media can be removed from the shelf, and a closed position in which the articles are inaccessible. A lock is also provided to selectively prevent or block movement of the case.

Abstract: A system and method for providing horizontally folding decorative hanger closet for enabling a user practical, efficient and very convenient way of storing hangable clothing in a very compact and over 70% space saving manner. The closet, which can be attached to a wall, used as a stand-alone unit or built-in into a wall, can reach its fully extended form, to provide practical and convenient access to the clothing, by pooling the front door away from the steady frame while unfolding internal folding bar, that supports the hangers, to its full horizontal position.

Abstract: A furniture unit such as a desk is provided with a slidably mounted storage drawer located under a work surface of the desk. The storage drawer is sized to support at least a laptop computer and a standard-sized alphanumeric computer keyboard. Additionally, a rear portion of the drawer supports a power and data module providing an AC power outlet and a phone and/or a data outlet for the computer. A front edge of the drawer folds down extending the drawer bottom and includes a wrist support pad for use with the computer keyboard. The furniture unit may also be supplied with a rotatable carousel storage unit located under the work surface, especially under the corner work surface of an L-shaped desk. The carousel storage unit includes one or more circular shelves rotatably mounted beneath the work surface and at least one pair of wire supports mounted to an protruding above each circular shelf. The wire supports provide lateral support for a row of books, binders and the like.

Abstract: A handle assembly having a lock mechanism is provided. The handle assembly includes: a handle grip member movably coupled with a casing of the appliance for receiving a first external force and a second external force, and a lock mechanism coupled with the handle grip member and mounted inside the casing, wherein the lock mechanism locks the handle grip member to the casing when the handle grip member receives the first external force, and unlocks the handle grip member when the handle grip member receives the second external force. The lock mechanism includes: a holding member having a slot thereon, a sliding member having a salient portion thereof, a first spring, and an engaging member, wherein the slot and the salient portion are engaged with each other when the handle grip member receives the first external force.

Abstract: A detachable rail assembly for drawers has a track assembly, a rail and a resilient latch. The track assembly is adapted to be attached to a fixture, the rail is slidably mounted in the track assembly and the latch is secured on the rail. A limit block with two locking protrusions is firmly attached to one end of a slide track of the track assembly, and two wings are defined laterally on opposite sides of the latch respectively to abut the locking protrusions. Two ribs are formed on a surface of the latch facing the rail so the rail can be separated by pressing the latch toward the rail easily and the latch is easily for a manufactured.

Abstract: A metal vapor discharge lamp whose near-infrared radiation is stronger than a conventional high-pressure discharge lamp, a projector utilizing this discharge lamp, and a metal vapor discharge lamp lighting device are disclosed. The metal vapor discharge lamp comprises a refractory light-transmitting hermetic vessel, a pair of electrode fixed to the hermetic vessel, and a discharge medium sealed in the hermetic vessel and containing a halide and a rare gas. Most of the light irradiated when the discharge lamp is in the ON state has near-infrared wavelengths (750-1100 nm).

Abstract: A spark plug of an internal combustion engine, in particular for use in Otto-cycle gas engines, comprising an insulator body (1), at least one fixed ground electrode carrier arrangement and at least one fixed central electrode carrier, wherein a spark plug housing having at least two parts (3, 4) encloses the insulator body, wherein the spark plug housing has a lower housing portion (4) and an upper housing portion (3), wherein at least the combustion chamber-side part of the insulator body (1) is pressure-resistantly, preferably completely, enclosed by the lower housing portion (4) jointly with the upper housing portion (3).

Abstract: A fluorescent lamp (10) with improved life is formed by winding a coil (30) using first, and second mandrels (45, 46), and optionally a third mandrel (70). The coil is wound around the second mandrel to provide a coil density of at least 95%. The coil is able to carry an amount of emitter material of about 0.6-1.6 mg/cm of coil. This has been found to lead to substantially increased lamp life, on both instant and rapid start circuits.

Abstract: In a method of producing a spacer for a display apparatus by heat drawing a base glass material having a cross section with different dimensions in a longitudinal and lateral directions and then cutting into a desired length, a base glass material in which a high-viscosity glass material is combined on both ends of a low-viscosity glass material is drawn within a temperature range in which both glass materials have different viscosities. Such method avoids a deformation of the spacer such as an expansion or a rounding at the longitudinal ends in the cross section of the spacer or a constriction in an intermediate portion in the longitudinal direction.

Abstract: The present invention is directed toward cathodes and cathode materials comprising carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and particles. The present invention is also directed toward field emission devices comprising a cathode of the present invention, as well as methods for making these cathodes. In some embodiments, the cathode of the present invention is used in a field emission display. The invention also comprises a method of depositing a layer of CNTs and particles onto a substrate to form a cathode of the present invention, as well as a method of controlling the density of CNTs used in this mixed layer in an effort to optimize the field emission properties of the resulting layer for field emission display applications.

Abstract: The invention relates to alumino earth-alkali silicate glasses for molybdenum glass fusions in the form of light bulbs, as the outer shell for lamps, in particular for lamps with regenerative halogen cycles at bulb temperatures of from over 550° C. up to 700° C. Surprisingly and contrary to the current expectation it was found that alumino earth-alkali silicate glasses with a water content of 0.025 to 0.042 wt. % meet the requirements for halogen lamp glass and do not display any disadvantages due to the presence of the above impurity for the halogen cycle process at bulb temperatures of between 550 and 700° C. In glasses with a water content of from 0.025 to 0.042 wt. % the water present does not act as an impurity in the sense that it does not disturb the equilibrium between formation and decomposition of tungsten halides. A blackening of the inner surface of the bulb does not occur, or not a greater degree when compared with bulb glasses with a considerably lower water content.

Abstract: A packed phosphor screen or panel consisting of at least one flat square or rectangular screen or panel, optionally packed apart in a wrapper foil, and a sealed package, wherein said package is layered in form of an asymmetrical barrier layer foil, said foil comprising an inner flexible thermoplastic polymer layer and an outer polymer layer in adhesive contact with an aluminum layer situated inbetween said inner flexible thermoplastic polymer layer and said outer polymer layer, wherein said foil is characterized by adhesive forces, between said outer polymer layer and said aluminum layer, of more than 2.5 N/mm2 following DIN 53 357, by a permeation to water vapor of less than 0.01 g per sq.m. in an environment having a temperature of 23° C. and a relative humidity of 75% RV for 24 hours following DIN 53 122, and by a permeation of less than 0.01 cm3 per sq.m. per 24 hours and per bar for each of oxygen, carbon dioxide and nitrogen following DIN 53 380 (ISO 2556, ASTM D 1434).