Abstract: A valve unit for controlling the delivery of a fuel gas through a delivery duct (3) comprises a valve seat (6) in the duct, a closure member (5) associated with the seat, a motor-driven actuator (7) acting on the closure member in order to control it so as to open/close the valve seat, as well as an electromagnetic unit (22) with a first portion (23) carrying a magnetizing winding (24) and a second portion (25) which can be fixed firmly to the first portion by magnetization.

Abstract: A flexible wedge for a gate valve, linearly displaceable within a valve body between an open position and a closed position, comprises a pair of pressure retaining plates and a central wedge body therebetween. The pressure retaining plates have inclined seating surfaces on opposed outer faces thereof for mating with corresponding valve seats within the valve body to prevent substance flow therethrough when the gate valve wedge is in the closed position. The central wedge body is disposed between, and integrally links, the pressure retaining plates. The central wedge body defines at least two offset slots which extend partially into the central wedge body from opposed edges thereof and which overlap in a depth-wise direction to define a deflectable web portion between the offset slots. The deflectable web portion permits flexibility of the gate valve wedge, while limiting stress and deformation of the seating surfaces on the pressure retaining plates.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a slit valve is provided that is adapted to seal an opening and that includes a valve housing having a first wall, a first opening formed in the first wall, a second wall and a second opening formed in the second wall. The slit valve also includes a closure member having a sealing portion adapted to contact the second wall and seal the second opening, and a bracing member moveable relative to the sealing portion and adapted to contact the first wall. The slit valve further includes at least one actuating mechanism adapted to (1) move the sealing portion toward the second wall and into contact with the second wall; and (2) move the bracing member away from the sealing portion and into contact with the first wall so as to brace the sealing portion against the second wall. Numerous other aspects are provided.

Abstract: A top coating composition for leather comprises

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a cooling roll which can provide bonded a magnet having excellent magnetic properties and having excellent reliability. A melt spinning apparatus is provided with a tube 2 having a nozzle 3 at the bottom thereof, a coil 4 for heating the tube and cooling roll 5 having a circumferential surface 53 in which dimple correcting means is provided. A melt spun ribbon 8 is formed by injecting the molten alloy 6 from the nozzle 3 so as to be collided with the circumferential surface 53 of the cooling roll 5 in an inert gas atmosphere (ambient gas) such as helium gas, so that the molten alloy 6 is cooled and then solidified. In this process, dimples to be produced on a roll contact surface of the melt spun ribbon are divided by the dimple correcting means, thereby preventing formation of huge dimples.

Abstract: A ferroelectric material for forming a ferroelectric that is described by a general formula ABO3, includes an A-site compensation component which compensates for a vacancy of an A site, and a B-site compensation component which compensates for a vacancy of a B site.

Abstract: The present invention is a fuel cell stack coolant composition, which maintains the electrical conductivity of coolant low and provides self identification by tint. The coolant composition provides those properties even when a cation or anion exchanger is provided where the coolant is used. The coolant composition includes a base material and a dye which maintains the electrical conductivity of coolant at 10 &mgr;S/cm or lower at 25° C. or a dye which can pass through a cation or anion exchanger.

Abstract: A dust-reducing composition for treating dry soil that includes a hygroscopic compound together with a hydrophobic compound in relative amounts sufficient to form a water-repellant surface on the soil. Also, a process for treating dry soil to reduce dust generation due to movement of traffic or air thereover. This process includes applying onto the soil a hygroscopic compound and subsequently applying a hydrophobic compound onto the hygroscopic compound containing soil. Alternatively, the process includes applying onto the soil an aqueous solution of a mixture of a hygroscopic compound and a hydrophobic compound. In either case, the hygroscopic and hydrophobic compounds are applied in relative amounts sufficient to form a water-repellant surface on the soil.

Abstract: A method of dusting-preventive treatment in which a powder having dusting property is treated with fibril-forming PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene) to impart non-dusting property thereto and the non-dusting property of the powder, after having been reduced during transportation, are economically and advantageously recovered or improved through a relatively simple step. The method comprises: a first dusting-preventive treatment step in which fibril-forming polytetrafluoroethylene is added to a powder having dusting property, and a compression/shear force is exerted to the mixture at a temperature in the range of 20 to 200° C. to thereby regulate powder so as to have a flow value of 150 mm to 200 mm; and a second dusting-preventive treatment step in which a compression/shear force is exerted again at a temperature in the range of 50 to 150° C.

Abstract: The present invention provides a novel cleaning agent comprising at least one member of the group consisting of TiOx (1.5<x<2), TiOxN2-x (1<x<2), diamond-like carbon, and a titania-silica complex TiOx—SiO2 (1.5<x≦2), and method for cleaning objects with said cleaning agent. The present invention further provides an antibacterial material containing the above-mentioned materials, an antibacterial product featuring the same, a method for manufacturing an environmental material, a novel functional adsorbent, and a method for manufacturing the same.

Abstract: There is provided a liquid crystalline material, suitable for use as an organic semiconductor material, in which, even when the charge transport distance is long, the charge transport capability is satisfactory, the charge mobility is high, and the dependence of the charge transport properties upon field strength is small.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula (I) 1

Abstract: An optically anisotropic sheet comprises an optically anisotropic layer, an orientation layer and a transparent support in this order. The optically anisotropic layer is formed from discotic liquid crystal molecules. The orientation layer is subjected to rubbing treatment. The discotic liquid crystal molecules are aligned with the orientation layer. An average inclined angle of discotic planes of the discotic liquid crystal molecules is in the range of 50° to 90°. An average direction of optical axes of the discotic liquid crystal molecules is essentially parallel to a rubbing direction of the orientation layer.

Abstract: A liquid-crystalline medium of positive dielectric anisotropy and high optical anisotropy, comprising one or more compounds of the formula I 1

Abstract: The invention relates to a liquid-crystalline medium based on a mixture of polar compounds of positive dielectric anisotropy, characterized in that it comprises one or more compounds of the general formula I 1

Abstract: The invention relates to a liquid-crystalline medium based on a mixture of polar compounds of positive dielectric anisotropy, characterized in that it comprises one or more compounds of the formula I 1

Abstract: A method of making a 3-alkylcycloalkanol of formula 2: where RI represents a methyl or ethyl group, R2 represents hydrogen, R3 represents an ethyl, propyl, butyl, isobutyl or isoamyl group, R4 represents hydrogen and R5 represents hydrogen, or a methyl, ethyl, propyl, isobutyl or isoamyl group comprises the following steps: (1) carrying out an electrophilic substitution reaction of an alkyl group or precursor thereof, on an ortho-substituted alkylbenzene compound of formula 3: where R6 represents hydrogen, or a methyl or ethyl group; (2) hydrogenating the reaction product of step (1); (3) performing an elimination reaction on one or more reaction products of step (2) to produce one or more alkene products; and (4) hydrating the one or more alkene products of step (3) to provide a 3-alkylcycloalkanol of formula 2. The electrophilic substitution reaction of step (1) may be a Friedel-Crafts acylation, e.g. using an isopropyl ketone precursor, or a Friedel-Crafts alkylation, e.g. using an isobutyl group.

Abstract: This invention relates to various phosphine oxides and their use in applications which exploit the triboluminescent effect.

Abstract: A process for the production of a fluorinated organic compound, characterized by fluorinating an organic compound having a hydrogen atoms using IF5; and a novel fluorination process for fluorinating an organic compound having a hydrogen atoms by using a fluorinating agent containing IF5 and at least one member selected from the group consisting of acids, bases, salts and additives.

Abstract: A process is disclosed of increasing the critical current density in a superconducting magnesium boride wire by heating a magnesium diboride precursor wire under isostatic pressure in an inert atmosphere at temperatures and for time sufficient to form a superconducting magnesium boride wire characterized as having a higher critical current density than a superconducting magnesium boride wire heated under the same temperature conditions in the absence of isostatic pressing.

Abstract: The present invention provides a conductor composition that can be formed into a film conductor having a resistance to soldering heat of a sufficient level in practical use without using a large amount of expensive precious metals such as Pd and without performing a Ni plating treatment or other treatments separately. This conductor composition is provided in the form of paste or ink having metal powder as the main component. This metal powder is constituted substantially by particulates of Ag or an Ag based alloy whose surface is coated with an organic metal compound. The organic metal compound is preferably an organic acid metal salt, metal alkoxide or a chelate compound having as a main constituent metal element any one selected from the group consisting of Al, Zr, Ti, Y, Ca, Mg and Zn.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a conductive thick film composition for use on an aluminum nitride substrate that utilizes a boron containing reactant and a metal oxide to promote adhesion.

Abstract: A method for processing polymeric positive temperature coefficient conductive material comprising the steps of placing a polymer material inside a plasma processor and then evacuating air therein to form a vacuum state, supplying a reactive gas to the plasma processor; and utilizing a radio frequency power generator for generating a plasma state inside the plasma processor, wherein the reactive gas is being excited to a high-level energy state, and the excited gas will attack the surface of the material to generate active sites. After that, the plasma-treated polymer material is exposed to air, and the radicals resided on the surface of the material will absorb moisture to form peroxide. The material is ground into powder before being placed inside the plasma processor, so that the contact surface can be increased to generate more radicals.

Abstract: A magnetooptic element whose size is essentially that of a lattice, namely several angstroms in size of magnetic material and which at the same time has its exhibiting magnetooptic effect detectable is provided along with a magnetooptic disk, a memory device and a magnetooptical picture or image display with a storage capacity of several terabits per square inch or more, each using such a magnetooptic element. The magnetooptic element utilizes a gigantic effective magnetic filed based on a spin chirality formed by geometrically configuring the spin orientation and crystallographic structure of a certain solid material.

Abstract: A polycarbonate resin composition obtained by blending a polycarbonate resin (A) obtained by forming a carbonate bond from 95 to 5 mol % of a dihydroxy compound having a fluorene structure represented by the general formula (1) and 5 to 95 mol % of a dihydroxy compound having a dimethanol structure represented by the general formula (2) and a carbonic diester and a polycarbonate resin (B) obtained by forming a carbonate bond from bisphenol A and a carbonic acid diester or phosgene in a ratio of (100×(A)/((A)+(B))=1 to 99% by weight and a polarizing sheet used the same.

Abstract: A fabric fence system and method of manufacturing the fabric fence system is disclosed. The fence system has posts that are laterally spaced from one another with a fence fabric positioned between the posts. The fence fabric has end protrusions that are inserted into the sides of the fence posts and held in place by an offset retainer rod inserted into the hollow inner portion of the post such that the offset retainer rod engages the protrusions of the fence fabric. The fence system also includes top and bottom cross members into which the top and bottom portion of the fence fabric are inserted and attached to provide a panelized fence system.

Abstract: A handrail jointer which is most suitable to install a handrail easily at a placing site even on a slope which is bent and has a complicated shape having a varying inclination. The handrail jointer 1 comprises the post connector 10 connected to the post 5, the handrail holders 31, 32 having the handrail holding portions 31a, 32a holding the handrail members 7, and the elbow body 20 attached to the post connector 10 and having the fitting portions 23, 24 for fitting the handrail holders 31, 32. These handrail holders 31, 32 are rotatably attached at certain angles to the fitting portions 23, 24 so that the handrail holders 31, 32 can rotate in a neck roll exercise manner on the fitting portions 23, 24.

Abstract: An apparatus for covering the exposed ends of beams as, for example, beams used in fence construction. The apparatus is present in the form of a sleeve or a cap, sized to fit over the ends of the beams, to provide protection against weathering.

Abstract: A security cover is used in conjunction with a visually pleasing picket fence barrier. The security cover, having a C-shaped cross section, restricts access to bolts used to couple each picket to top and bottom support beams and thereby prevents tampering with the fence.

Abstract: Disclosed is a construction bracket supporting temporary construction structures such as safety railings and scaffolding which are composed of construction members such as steel or wooden beams. The bracket has a support plate and a substantially hollow column member extending upwardly from the support plate. The column member is provided with at least one aperture adapted to receive a tightening member for securing the construction members to the column member.

Abstract: A conjugated polymer layer with a built-in diode is formed by providing a first metal-chalcogenide layer over a bottom electrode. Subsequently, a second metal-chalcogenide layer is provided over and in contact with the first metal-chalcogenide layer. The first metal-chalcogenide layer has a first conductivity type and the second metal-chalcogenide layer has a second conductivity type. The plane of contact between the first and second metal-chalcogenide layers creates the p-n junction of the built-in diode. Then a polymer layer is selectively deposited on the second metal-chalcogenide layer. The second metal-chalcogenide layer provides ions to the polymer layer to change its resistivity. A top electrode is then provided over the polymer layer. An exemplary memory cell may have the following stacked structure: first electrode/n-type semiconductor/p-type semiconductor/conjugated polymer/second electrode.

Abstract: An electrical device is disclosed. The electrical device includes a substrate, and a self-assembled molecular layer on the substrate. The self-assembled molecular layer comprises a plurality of molecules, each molecule comprising a first end proximate to the substrate and a second end comprising sulfur distal to the substrate. A copper layer is on the self-assembled molecular layer.

Abstract: The electronic device comprises a thin-film transistor (10) and can be obtained from two substrates (1, 11). In order to preclude delamination at a non-adhesive interface between a metal pattern (24, 29) and an organic layer (4), the metal pattern (24, 29) comprises apertures (30). Through these apertures (30), adhesion between the organic layer (4, 5) and organic material at the surface (111) of one of the substrates (11) can be brought about. The electronic device can be manufactured by means of microcontact printing.

Abstract: A laser diode is provided. The laser diode has a structure in which reflective index of an n-cladding layer formed on a first face of the active layer is higher than that of a p-cladding layer formed on a second face. This asymmetric waveguide structure suppresses extension of field into the p-cladding layer thus reducing free carrier absorption in the p-cladding layer.

Abstract: A novel method of manufactring a microchannel plate (“MCP”) is disclosed. The method comprises the steps of ion implantation of a substrate, the subsequent formation of channels paterned on the surface of the substrate and bonding of the subsequent substrate to a handle wafer. The layers are subsequently cleaved and the steps repeated until a MCP structure is achieved. The resulting MCP structure is cost-effective as compared to conventional manufacturing processes and the resulting MCP structure exhibits a funneling effect. The MCP structure may also be used for optical signal amplification for a biochip array.

Abstract: The present invention facilitates semiconductor devices by aiding the efficiency in the way individual devices change states in a semiconductor array. State change voltages can be applied to a single device in the array of semiconductor devices without the need for transistor-type voltage controls. The diodic effect of the present invention facilitates this activity by allowing specific voltage levels necessary for state changes to only occur at the desired device. In this manner, an array of devices can be programmed with varying data or states without utilizing transistor technology. The present invention also allows for an extremely efficient method of producing these types of devices, eliminating the need to manufacture costly external voltage controlling semiconductor devices.

Abstract: The present invention provides a circular thin film transistor structure that is located in the intersection of the gate line and the data line. A circular gate electrode is defined when forming the gate line. A circular source electrode and an annular drain electrode are defined when forming the data line. The circular source is located in the annular drain electrode. This structure can avoid the voltage value variation in the pixel region because of the misalignment between the source electrode and the gate electrode.

Abstract: The present invention provides a step in which a channel-length of a TFT can be controlled with higher reproducibility. In addition, the present invention provides a step in which a short channel-length of the TFT can be manufactured. Further, the present invention provides a structure of the TFT in which a current-voltage characteristic can be improved. The present invention refers to a thin film transistor comprising a lamination layer wherein a first conductive film, a first insulating film and a second conductive film are sequentially laminated, a semiconductor film formed so as to be in contact with the side surface of the lamination layer, and a third conductive film covering the semiconductor film through a second insulating film.

Abstract: A device having an integrated circuit, especially an IC card, for reliably verifying a person's identity by display of PIN numbers or passwords with ingenuity. Portable electronic devices such as a PDA or a cellular phone, or other products can have plural displays in a display area (display part) provided in a limited area. A first display area and a second display area having transparency are stacked together in a thin film integrated circuit device of the present invention. The area of display can be reduced and display of more complicated PIN numbers or passwords is enabled by layering the display of the first display area and the display of the second display area.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a flat panel display device comprising a polycrystalline silicon thin film transistor and provides a flat panel display device having improved characteristics by having a different number of grain boundaries included in polycrystalline silicon thin film formed in active channel regions of a driving circuit portion and active channel regions of pixel portion. This may be achieved by having a different number of grain boundaries included in the polycrystalline silicon thin film formed in active channel regions of a switching thin film transistor and a driving thin film transistor formed in the pixel portion, and by having a different number of grain boundaries included in polycrystalline silicon thin film formed in active channel regions of a thin film transistor for driving the pixel portion for each red, green and blue of the pixel portion.

Abstract: Disclosed is a terminal for an organic material, which comprises a carbon nanotube to be in contact with an organic material having a 6-membered carbon ring, and a metal that is in contact with a part of the carbon nanotube. The carbon nanotube remarkably improves an electric conductivity between the organic material and the metal.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a highly reliable optical semiconductor device (1), which comprises an optical semiconductor chip (2) sealed in a surrounding soft resin (3) and in a hard resin (4) harder than the soft resin. The hard resin (4) has an aperture (7b) configured to relieve a state of hermetic sealing for the soft resin (3) and formed in a direction that imposes no optical influence on a function of the optical semiconductor chip (2). The soft resin (3) and the hard resin (4) are employed for double sealing to form the highly reliable optical semiconductor device (1) without providing any space. This is effective to solve a problem caused in a conventional optical semiconductor device associated with double sealing by soft and hard resins to increase reliability, which requires a space between both resins and results in deteriorated performance, for example, a reduced amount of light.

Abstract: The invention provides a light emitting device which is capable of displaying on both sides, has a small volume, and is capable of being used as a module. A light emitting element represented by an EL element and the like is used in a pixel portion, and two pixel portions are provided in one light emitting device. A first pixel portion has a structure to emit light only from a counter electrode side of the light emitting element. A second pixel portion has a structure to emit light only from a pixel electrode side of the light emitting element. That is, in the first pixel portion and the second pixel portion, directions of light emission are reverse in front and back.

Abstract: An optical semiconductor device of which the moisture resistance and the like are improved and the manufacturing method thereof are provided. An optical semiconductor device of the embodiment is configured to include an optical semiconductor element on a surface of which a circuit portion including a light-receiving or light-emitting element is formed; a terminal portion which is provided on a back of the optical semiconductor element and electrically connected with the circuit portion; a covering layer which covers the surface of the optical semiconductor element and is made of a transparent material; and sealing resin which covers side faces of the covering layer and of the optical semiconductor element. The circuit portion and the terminal portion may be connected by a rewiring pattern.

Abstract: One pixel is divided into a first region including a first light emitting element and a second region including a second light emitting element, wherein the first region emits light in one direction and the second region emits light in the direction opposite to that of the first region. Independently driving the first light emitting element and the second light emitting element allows images to be displayed independently on the surface.

Abstract: The semiconductor light emitting device is composed of a combination of a near ultraviolet LED and a phosphor layer including a plurality of phosphors for absorbing near ultraviolet emitted by the near ultraviolet LED and for emitting fluorescence having an emission peak in a visible wavelength region, and the phosphor layer includes four kinds of phosphors, that is, a blue-based phosphor, a green-based phosphor, a red-based phosphor and a yellow-based phosphor. Thus, lowering of luminous flux derived from red-based light with low luminosity is compensated by yellow-based light with comparatively high luminosity, and the resultant white-based light can be well color balanced, and hence, a semiconductor light emitting device emitting white-based light with high luminous flux and a large Ra can be obtained.

Abstract: An electro-optical device is provided that includes a protection layer formed on a first substrate leaving a region of the first substrate region exposed; a first electrode formed on the protection layer; a first inter-substrate conduction unit formed on the protection layer and electrically connected to the first electrode; a second substrate opposing the first substrate and having a second electrode formed thereon; a second inter-substrate conduction unit formed on the second substrate and electrically connected to the second electrode; and a conductive member interposed between the first inter-substrate conduction unit and the second inter-substrate conduction unit to electrically connect both units together. The electro-optical device further includes a sealant that contains the conductive member bonding the first substrate and the second substrate together by extending over the protection layer and the exposed region where the protection layer is not formed.

Abstract: Two or more of striped structures 16 and 16′ are formed in one chip, and the relaxation oscillation frequency fr1 of the first striped structure is greater than the relaxation oscillation frequency fr2 of the second striped structure. The RIN value at low output is improved by the first striped structure having higher relaxation oscillation frequency, and a single transverse mode and reliability at high output are obtained by the second striped structure having lower relaxation oscillation frequency.

Abstract: A light emitting device, such as a light emitting diode or a laser diode. The light emitting device comprises a light emitting semiconductor active region disposed on a substrate. The substrate comprises an optical absorption coefficient below about 100 cm−1 at wavelengths between 700 and 465 nm a GaN single crystal having a dislocation density of less than 104 per cm2 and an optical absorption coefficient below about 100 cm−1 at wavelengths between 700 and 465 nm. A method of making such a light emitting device is also provided.

Abstract: A low-cost high-property optical semiconductor element for a long wavelength is provided, using a GaAs substrate. The optical semiconductor element comprises a substrate of GaAs having a first surface and a second surface opposite to each other, a buffer layer of InjGa1-jAs1-kNk (0≦j≦1, 0.002≦k≦0.05) formed on the first surface of the substrate, a first conductive type clad layer formed on the buffer layer, an active layer formed on the first conductive type clad layer and comprising a well layer of InzGa1-zAs (0≦z≦1), the well layer having a smaller bandgap than the first conductive type clad layer, the active layer having a thickness of more than its critical thickness for the substrate based upon equilibrium theories, and a second conductive type clad layer formed on the active layer and having a larger bandgap than the well layer.