Abstract: An imager having superior separation properties is provided in which a visible image and an infrared image can be independently and simultaneously obtained. The above imager has a wavelength separation portion of separating an electromagnetic wave carrying an image into wavelengths, and image-taking portions detecting the visible image and the infrared image described above. In the imager described above, at least one of the image-taking portions has a detecting part which is optimized to detect a wavelength component which is to be detected.

Abstract: An optical transmitter-receiver includes: an optical module including a metal package housing at least a light receiving element and a light emitting element; a circuit board for transmitting/receiving an electric signal with respect to the optical module; a first wiring for connecting a side of the light receiving element to the circuit board; a second wiring for connecting a side of the light emitting element to the circuit board; and a shield member for shielding at least the first wiring.

Abstract: An input side is configured with a pulse generating circuit, a delay circuit, a driving circuit, and two light emitting elements connected to the driving circuit, and an output side is configured with two light receiving elements, connected to a computation circuit, and the pulse generating circuit, and based on a directly connected input signal, a clock pulse signal that is input from the pulse generating circuit, and a delayed input signal that is input from the delay circuit, the driving circuit causes the two light emitting elements to alternately emit light with offset timing. On the other hand, the computation circuit, while synchronizing with the signals from the two light emitting elements, by alternately receiving signals with the two light receiving elements, transmits a signal by pairing these two light receiving elements.

Abstract: An image intensifier device includes a photocathode unit having an active region adapted to convert light to electrons; a luminescent screen unit adapted to convert electrons emitted from the photocathode unit to light while generating ions; and a charge particle control unit. The latter is adapted to direct electrons from the photocathode unit towards the luminescent screen unit while substantially preventing the generated ions to reach at least the active region of the photocathode unit.

Abstract: An apparatus, system and method for targeting an image formed on an imaging member. The imaging member includes an imaging sensitive layer formed thereon. The imaging member includes imaged and non-imaged areas. Light of a predetermined wavelength reflected from a target area of the imaging member is received. The light reflected from the target area is representative of an image formed on the imaging sensitive layer using energy at approximately the predetermined wavelength. The predetermined wavelength is suitable to initiate crosslinking of the imaging sensitive layer.

Abstract: The present invention provides an optical sensor having one or more filter-photodetector pairs and feedback to monitor the intensity and chromaticity of the white light generated by an illumination system. According to the present invention, filter-photodetectors are configured into pairs thereof, wherein a first filter-photodetector of a pair is configured and arranged so as to be sensitive to a predetermined region of the electromagnetic spectrum, while a second filter-photodetector of the pair is configured and arranged to be sensitive to a substantially complementary region of the electromagnetic spectrum. The spectral responsivity of the first filter-photodetector and the second filter-photodetector overlap in a predetermined region of the electromagnetic spectrum.

Abstract: An optical fiber extends down hole from an OFDR. A first set of sensors with a centrally-located reference reflector is disposed over a first fiber length, and a second set of sensors with a centrally-located reference reflector is disposed over a second fiber length. The sensors of the first and second sensing lengths are positioned at slightly offset positions from the reference reflectors so as to interleave the reflected signals. Additional sensing lengths may be similarly interleaved. The system is used by sending an optical signal along the optical fiber, detecting a reflected optical signal, separating the optical signal into component signals, and extrapolating a well condition therefrom. Another method includes creating a low frequency signal component in a reflected optical signal by placing at least one sensor beyond a Nyquist sampling distance limit, detecting the low frequency signal component, and extrapolating a well condition therefrom.

Abstract: A light fixture, using one or more solid state light emitting elements, provides an unpixelated light output. An optical element receives and diffuses light from the solid state emitters to form a processed light for output via an optical output area of the fixture. The optical element forms light that is relatively uniform, for example having a substantially Lambertian distribution and/or having a maximum-to-minimum intensity ratio of 2 to 1 or less over the optical output area. In the examples, the optical element comprises a cavity having at least one diffusely reflective surface, and the emitting elements supply light into the cavity at locations not visible through an aperture of the cavity that forms the optical output area. Hence, light from the emitting element(s) is diffusely reflected one or more times within the cavity before emission as part of the uniform light output through the aperture.

Abstract: Systems and methods adapted for use with uncalibrated patterned surfaces for sensing any of position, displacement, velocity, acceleration, area, and volume are provided. A system includes a memory, processing electronics, and at least one readhead adapted to move relative to the surface and including a radiation source, lens, and an optical array transducer. One aspect includes generating a mapping data set representative of an intensity map of the patterned surface. Another aspect provides a variable travel speed readhead. Other aspects include multiple readheads adapted to travel in concert. Incremental and absolute sensing are provided, including systems having sub-pixel spatial resolution.

Abstract: An image sensor has an imager die onto which is adhered an optical spacer. The imager die and optical spacer may be supported by a dam-and-fill construction which allows light to pass through the optical spacer and onto the imager die. The image sensor may generate control signals for use in a variety of automatic vehicle equipment controls and may be incorporated into an automotive vehicle such as by inclusion into a rearview mirror assembly.

Abstract: Multiply-charged ions are generated from singly-charged ions of analyte substances. The singly-charged ions, which are supplied by many types of ion sources, are accelerated, together with donor ions of substances which have only a very low proton affinity, into a reaction cell. In the reaction cell, protons are transferred from the donor ions to the analyte ions to protonate the analyte ions and increase the ion charge. The multiply-charged analyte ions are subsequently fragmented by a variety of techniques and mass analyzed.

Abstract: The present invention provides a cantilever having a base fixed to an inspecting apparatus, a beam protruding from the base, and a probe fixed to an end of the beam, wherein: the probe is formed by use of a carbon nanotube; and the probe is fixed by metal layers from at least two directions when the cantilever is operated, the probe protrudes in a direction in which a sample is fixed. It is possible to prevent the probe from warping and suppress image failures during observation of a sample.

Abstract: A system and method for determining a cross sectional feature of a measured structural element having a sub-micron cross section, the cross section is defined by an intermediate section that is located between a first and a second traverse sections. The method starts by a first step of scanning, at a first tilt state, a first portion of a reference structural element and at least the first traverse section of the measured structural element, to determine a first relationship between the reference structural element and the first traverse section. The first step is followed by a second step of scanning, at a second tilt state, a second portion of a reference structural element and at least the second traverse section of the measured structural element, to determine a second relationship between the reference structural element and the second traverse section.

Abstract: An infrared imaging camera (4) acquires a plurality of frames (94) of infrared radiation from a patient (P) positioned in a field-of-view (92) of the camera (4). Each frame (94) is acquired during a corresponding frame sample interval and each frame (94) corresponds to the infrared radiation acquired from an array of optical elements (90) in the field-of-view (92) during its frame sample interval. Plural integrals are determined from infrared radiation received from the array of optical elements (90), with each integral corresponding to the infrared radiation received from the same optical element (90) in at least two frames (94). Each integral is mapped to a color or a shade of gray and the color or shade of gray of each integral is mapped to a position in an image corresponding to the position of the corresponding optical element (90) in the field-of-view (92).

Abstract: Polarimetric processing capability is added to a typical sensor so that a target object can be more clearly distinguished from the background clutter in a given scenery. A polarizer with several segments of different polarization orientations is used to improve the typical sensor. The segments are sequentially advanced to pass therethrough infrared radiation images of pre-selected polarization orientations which are then collected by respective polarized frame grabbers. Image processing circuit processes these images to yield the polarization difference between any given pair of orthogonal polarizations. In a surveillance network, the polarization differences are subsequently used in the control center, to which such sensors are connected, to enhance the distinction of the observed objects against the background clutter suspended in the propagation medium.

Abstract: A system for detecting defects in paint coatings includes a temperature manipulation apparatus configured to change the temperature of a surface and a coating applied to the surface. The system may further include an infrared sensor for measuring the change in temperature of the surface and coating and a processor to compare the measured change in temperature of the surface and coating to an expected change of temperature in order to determine anomalies in the coatings.

Abstract: Pulse shape analysis determines if two radiations are in coincidence. A transducer is provided that, when it absorbs the first radiation produces an output pulse that is characterized by a shorter time constant and whose area is nominally proportional to the energy of the absorbed first radiation and, when it absorbs the second radiation produces an output pulse that is characterized by a longer time constant and whose area is nominally proportional to the energy of the absorbed second radiation. When radiation is absorbed, the output pulse is detected and two integrals are formed, the first over a time period representative of the first time constant and the second over a time period representative of the second time constant. The values of the two integrals are examined to determine whether the first radiation, the second radiation, or both were absorbed in the transducer, the latter condition defining a coincident event.

Abstract: There is a need for high-precision detection timing in a radiological imaging apparatus using a semiconductor detector so as to decrease time variations against a noise and easily correct process variations. A radiation detection circuit includes: a semiconductor detector; charge accumulation means connected to the semiconductor detector; a circuit to discriminate timing of a signal generated from the charge accumulation means based on a specified threshold value; a shaper 1 to limit a band from the charge accumulation means using a first time constant; a shaper 2 to limit a band from the charge accumulation means using a second time constant; a circuit 1 to hold an analog peak value 1 for the shaper 1; and a circuit 2 to hold an analog peak value 2 for the shaper 2. The radiation detection circuit performs a signal process to generate timing correction data based on the analog peak values 1 and 2 and correct timing data from the timing discriminator circuit.

Abstract: The invention relates to a detector for an X-ray apparatus, which detector comprises a substrate (1) of amorphous or preferably crystalline silicon with an array (2) of sensor element (3) disposed thereon. Integrated electronic modules (4) having analog-digital converters disposed thereon are mounted on one edge (5) of the substrate (1) by flip-chip contacting or the like and are connected by way of signal leads (6) to the sensor elements. The modules (4) and/or the substrate can additionally comprise amplifiers and multiplexers for processing the sensor signals.

Abstract: A radiation detector comprises pixel electrodes which collect charges, a photoelectric converting layer which is provided on the pixel electrodes and which converts incident radiation into the charges, and which contains at least one or more kinds of heavy metal halide (ABn:A=heavy metal, B=halogen, n=either one of 1, 2, and 3) and at least one or more kinds of halogen (B2) respectively, and an electrode layer which is provided on the photoelectric converting layer opposite to the pixel electrodes.

Abstract: There are provided a scintillator (130) comprising a structure in which a plurality of scintillator layers (131, 132, 135) having columnar crystal structures are stacked with, and a radiation detection device using the scintillator. There are also provided a scintillator (130) comprising a structure in which a plurality of scintillator layers (131, 132, 135) and light-transmitting intermediate layers (138, 139) disposed among the plurality of scintillator layers (131, 132, 135) are alternately stacked with, and a radiation detection device using the scintillator. Accordingly, it is possible to control the scintillator layer in such a manner as to reduce irregularities on the surface of the scintillator layer, and reduce an abnormal growth portion such as a splash existing inside the scintillator layer. Therefore, a radiation detection device can be obtained which has high reliability, high resolution, and small correction error of a digital image.

Abstract: An RF accelerating cavity includes an accelerating cavity unit and an inductance varying device having a magnetic member connected parallel to an acceleration electrode gap. The RF accelerating cavity is tuned in such a fashion that a charged particle beam acceleration frequency matches a resonant frequency of the RF accelerating cavity by regulating inductance of the inductance varying device in accordance with a changing pattern of the charged particle beam acceleration frequency. Alternatively, impedance of the RF accelerating cavity is increased with the provision of a fixed inductance connected parallel to the acceleration electrode gap when the RF accelerating cavity has a narrow acceleration frequency range.

Abstract: An ionising particle analyser comprises a source of ionising particles, a charged particle detector, and an ionisable gas located between the source and the detector. The analyser further comprises a charged particle impeding device located between the source and the detector. The charged particle impeding device is arranged to be maintained in a first configuration at a potential to impede the passage of charged particles and pass uncharged particles.

Abstract: The invention provides an apparatus for producing an image of a global surface of an ion source sample plate that is exterior to an ion source. In general terms, the apparatus contains a sample plate for an ion source, an imaging device (e.g., a CCD or CMOS camera) and an illumination device that is configured to produce a light beam that contacts the sample plate surface to define a grazing angle between the light beam and the sample plate surface. The apparatus may be present at a location that is remote to the ion source.

Abstract: Ion source and method of making and sharpening. The ion source is a single crystal metal conductor having a substantially conical tip portion with substantial rotational symmetry. The tip portion terminates with a tip radius of curvature in the range of 50-100 nanometers. The ion source is made by electrochemical etching so that a conical tip of a selected geometry is formed. The ion source is then sharpened to provide a source of ions from a volume near the size of a single atom. Further, this ion source makes possible a stable and practical light ion microscope which will have higher resolution than existing scanning electron microscopes and scanning metal-ion microscopes.

Abstract: Thermoplastic compositions that reflect ultraviolet light are provided herein, along with articles of manufacture and methods of fluid purification using the same. The thermoplastic compositions preferably comprise a suitable thermoplastic material and microparticles of UV reflective material, such as aluminum or stainless steel. The thermoplastic compositions are useful, for example, in forming articles of manufacture comprising a UV reflective surface that are suitable for use in a water treatment system in connection with a UV light source.

Abstract: An apparatus for reducing contaminants in a fluid stream, the apparatus comprising at least one light source for producing radiant energy to produce radicals in the fluid stream, whereby the light source is a dielectric barrier excimer discharge lamp.

Abstract: An optical detection apparatus and method thereof is provided, which is applicable for detecting the image signals of a labeled sample. First, a laser module provides excitation light, and the excitation light is continuously reflected by a scan module for providing linear scanning light by changing a reflection angle. The carrier moves the light module in a direction nonparallel to the linear direction so as to provide a two-dimensional testing zone. The labeled sample placed in the testing zone is excited by the linear scanning light and generates emission light to be received by the light receiver. Therefore, the light receiver forms the image signals of the labeled sample corresponding to the emission light.

Abstract: A gantry system for particle therapy system, therapy plan and radiation method for a particle therapy with such a gantry system is provided. The gantry system for a particle therapy system includes a particle beam. A first beam guiding device rotatable about an axis of rotation of the gantry guides the particle beam so that the particle beam strikes a treatment location at a gantry incidence direction. The gantry incidence direction deviates from the axis of rotation and is variable. A second beam guiding device guides the particle beam to a treatment location in a second direction.

Abstract: A charged particle beam irradiation system includes an accelerator for accelerating a charged particle beam, a beam irradiation apparatus having a beam energy modulator and arranged for irradiating an object with the charged particle beam extracted from the accelerator and having passed the beam energy modulator, which is rotated and whose thickness in the axial direction differs in the rotational direction, and a controller for controlling the extraction intensity of the charged particle beam extracted from the accelerator, while the charged particle beam is being extracted, on the basis of the rotational angle of the beam energy modulator.

Abstract: An accelerated weather testing apparatus includes a test chamber, a lamp (16), a dispenser (18, 20), and a specimen support (14). The lamp is capable of generating UV radiation and directing the radiation towards the specimen support. The dispenser connects to an associated liquid source to dispense either water or acid, or both. The specimen support is disposed in the test chamber below the lamp and the dispenser.

Abstract: Device for generating X-ray or XUV radiation includes a device for directing a particle beam of electrically charged particles towards a target. A deflection device for deflecting the particle beam is such that the central axis of the particle beam passes through a first point of deflection and a second point of deflection located at a distance from the first point of deflection in the direction of propagation of the beam. The first and second points of deflection lie on an axis in line with a determined or determinable point of impact of the particle beam with the target. The particle beam can be deflected by the deflection device in the direction of propagation of the beam in the region of one point of deflection independently from of a deflection of the particle beam in the region of the other point of deflection.

Abstract: Systems and methods provide calibration for a linear array sensor. A test pattern having a plurality of lines is used. Comparison between expected and measured spacing between a pair of neighboring lines is used to determine sensor position displacement.

Abstract: A pinch valve for regulating fluid flow includes a close mechanism for closing a sleeve by pinching its sides together. The pinch valve also includes an open mechanism integral with the close mechanism for opening the tube by urging the sides apart. The open mechanism pushes against the ends of the closure in the sleeve as the tube is being opened. In one embodiment of the invention open cams push against the end of the closure, and in another embodiment open followers, which are part of a four bar linkage, push against the sides of the sleeve.

Abstract: A valve member is located in a passage through which fluid passes. The valve member selectively opens and closes the passage. The valve member is supported by a support member formed a magnetic material. An electromagnetic driving mechanism attracts the support member with magnetic force. The electromagnetic driving mechanism is located outside the passage. When attracting the support member, the electromagnetic driving mechanism selectively opens and closes the passage with the valve member.

Abstract: Described herein is a valve for fluids, liquids or dusts, which can be used to particular advantage for controlling openings for passage of cooling air in refrigerating apparatuses or the like. The valve comprises a diaphragm open/close element having a central part and a peripheral edge connected, respectively, to a central support and to a peripheral support. Said supports are axially displaceable with respect to one another between a first relative end position and a second relative end position corresponding, respectively, to the open condition and to the closed condition of the valve, or vice versa. The relative displacement in an axial direction of said first and second supports is controlled by shape-memory means, including at least one shape-memory wire, which extends at least in part along the periphery of the diaphragm and is activated by electrical supply means.

Abstract: A tolerance compensated quick coupling comprises a projecting or bulging portion of a male coupling, which can be axially driven in a valve body, the coupling projecting or bulging portion ending with a flange inside the valve body, said flange in said valve body being followed by an axially movable annular body which, through a spring bearing on the bottom of the valve body, is pressed against the flange, the movable annular body having, on a side thereof facing the flange, a circumferential slot housing a sealing ring element contacting an inner surface of the flange, the movable annular body being moreover provided, on an outer circumferential side thereof, with a slot in which is engaged a circumferential sealing ring contacting an inner wall of the valve body.

Abstract: In a manufacturing method of a fluid control apparatus, a valve integrally formed with a valve shaft is assembled inside a housing. First and second bearing members are assembled inside the housing by inserting each of the first and second bearing members into a corresponding space between the housing and the valve shaft from a corresponding longitudinal end side of the valve shaft. A longitudinal position of the valve relative to the housing is adjusted through one of the following methods. A first contact portion is brought into contact with a first side face, and a second contact portion is brought into contact with a second side face. A first contact surface is brought into contact with a first longitudinal end face, and a second contact surface is brought into contact with a second longitudinal end face.

Abstract: This invention is an all-natural, non-toxic, liquid fire extinguisher that can be used to extinguish small category A and B fires. It is sprayed onto the fire site using an easy to use spray container. It results in little or no mess and is even safe if swallowed.

Abstract: A fluorochemical additive is the reaction product under polymerization conditions of monomers that include: (a) an aromatic polycarboxylic acid as an anhydride, ester, or ester chloride; (b) at least one fluorinated reactant; and (c) at least one aliphatic amine, mercaptan, or alcohol. Optionally, a crosslinking agent can be used. The components of the additive all can be viewed as contributing to the performance of the disclosed additive. The fluorine-containing component is generally insoluble in molten polymers and will tend to migrate to the cooled surface thereof where the fluorinated moieties provide repellency characteristics when used in adequate quantities, generally at least about 30 wt % depending on the fluorinated reactant used to make the additive. The aromatic component appears to facilitate solubility and speed up the orientation process of the additive within the molten polymer.

Abstract: A hydrofluoroether compound comprises two terminal fluoroalkyl groups and an intervening substituted or unsubstituted oxymethylene group, each of the fluoroalkyl groups comprising only one hydrogen atom and, optionally, at least one catenated (that is, in-chain) heteroatom; with the proviso that the hydrogen atom is part of a monofluoromethylene moiety.

Abstract: The aqueous slurry is useful for chemical mechanical polishing semiconductor substrates having copper interconnects. The aqueous slurry includes by weight percent, 0.01 to 25 oxidizing agent, 0.1 to 50 abrasive particles, 0.001 to 3 polyvinyl pyrrolidone, 0.01 to 10 inhibitor for decreasing static etch of the copper interconnects, 0.001 to 5 phosphorus-containing compound for increasing removal rate of the copper interconnects, 0.001 to 10 complexing agent formed during polishing and balance water; and the aqueous slurry has a pH of at least 8.

Abstract: Abrasive composition for the integrated circuits electronics industry comprising an aqueous acid suspension of individualized colloidal silica particles not linked to each other by siloxane bonds and an abrasive surfactant, this abrasive being for mechanical chemical polishing in the integrated circuits industry, comprising a fabric impregnated by such a composition, and a process for mechanical chemical polishing.

Abstract: A liquid crystal (LC) compound having generally required physical properties, low viscosity, proper optical anisotropy, proper dielectric anisotropy and good compatibility with other LC compounds is described. An LC composition including the compound and an LCD device including the composition are also described. The compound is expressed by formula (1a): wherein the ring A1 and the ring A2 are independently 1,4-phenylene, pyridine-2,5-diyl, pyrimidine-2,5-diyl or naphthalene-2,6-diyl, in which any hydrogen can be replaced by halogen; Z1, Z2 and Z3 are independently a single bond, —(CH2 )2—, —(CH2 )4—, —CH?CH—, —C?C—, —CF2O—, —OCF2—, —COO— or —OCO—; Xa, Xb, Xc, Xd, Xe and Xf are independently hydrogen or fluorine; Y is —OCH2F, —OCHF2, —OCF3, —SCH2F, —SCHF2, —SCF3, —CH2F, —CHF2, —CF3, fluorine or chlorine; La and Lb are independently hydrogen or fluorine; and “l” and “m” are independently equal to 0 or 1.

Abstract: A liquid-crystalline medium based on a mixture of polar compounds having at least one compound of the formula I in which R11, R12 and have the meanings indicated in claim 1, is described. Also described is the use thereof for an active-matrix display based on the VA, ECB, PALC, FFS or IPS effect.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an inspection dye for use in detecting cracks and flaws in metal surfaces to which the inspection dye has been applied.

Abstract: A polymer light emitting material which contains a polymer compound comprising a repeating unit of the following formula (1) or (2) and having a polystyrene-reduced number-average molecular weight of 103 to 108, and which exhibits light emission from the triplet excited state. [wherein Ar1 and Ar2 each independently represent a trivalent aromatic hydrocarbon group or a trivalent heterocyclic group. X1 and X2 each independently represent O, S, C(?O), S(?O), SO2, C(R1)(R2), Si(R3)(R4), N(R5), B(R6), P(R7) or P(?O)(R8). X1 and Ar2 bond to adjacent carbon atoms in the aromatic ring of Ar1; and X2 and Ar1 bond to adjacent carbon atoms in the aromatic ring of Ar2]; [wherein Ar3 and Ar4 each independently represent a trivalent aromatic hydrocarbon group or a trivalent heterocyclic group. X3 and X4 each independently represent N, B, P, C(R9) or Si(R10). X3 and Ar4 bond to adjacent carbon atoms in the aromatic ring of Ar3; and X4 and Ar3 bond to adjacent carbon atoms in the aromatic ring of Ar4].

Abstract: The present invention provides methods and systems for moveable pieces of equipment comprising a passively charged photoluminescent material to improve visibility of the equipment in low light conditions. This moveable piece of equipment may be a piece of ground support equipment such as that used in support of an operation. Further, these operations may include, for example, nautical operations (e.g., Naval operations or ocean-going cargo transportation), construction of a structure (e.g., building construction), aviation (i.e., flight) operations (e.g., in support of an airport), transportation of goods (e.g., via rail or truck), drilling operations (e.g., drilling for oil, water, gas or explosives), mining operations, oil processing (refinery) operations etc.

Abstract: The present invention aims at providing a novel oxide fluorescent material. The novel oxide fluorescent material is a fluorescent material including: as constituent elements, at least one or more elements selected from the group consisting of Mg, Ca, Sr and Ba; at least one or more elements selected from the group consisting of Si and Ge; at least one or more elements selected from the group consisting of rare earth elements; and oxygen, wherein the crystal structure is a pseudowollastonite crystal structure. The fluorescent substance includes a layer 54 comprised of the fluorescent material and a layer 52 including at least one or more elements selected from the group consisting of Si and Ge, the layers stacked on a substrate 51. The fluorescent substance includes an adjacent layer that includes at least one or more elements selected from the group consisting of Si and Ge and is in contact with the portion constituted by the fluorescent material.

Abstract: Disclosed are aqueous solutions for use in high energy, highly efficient electrical energy storage devices. The solutions contain (a) a high purity sulfonic acid with a low concentration of low valent sulfur compounds or higher valent sulfur compounds susceptible to reduction, (b) a metal or metals in an oxidized state that are capable of being reduced to the zero valent oxidation state, (c) a metal that is in an oxidized state that is incapable of being reduced to its metallic state and (d) optionally, a buffering agent and/or conductivity salts.