Abstract: A polypeptide, called Tir (for translocated intimin receptor, which is secreted by attaching and effacing pathogens, such as the enteropathogenic (EPEC) and enterohemorrhagic (EHEC) E. coli. These bacterial pathogens inserts their own receptors into mammalian cell surfaces, to which the bacterial pathogen then adheres to trigger additional host signaling events and actin nucleation. Diagnosis of disease caused by pathogenic E. coli can be performed by the use of antibodies which bind to Tir to detect the protein or the use of nucleic acid probes for detection of nucleic acids encoding Tir polypeptide. Isolated nucleic acid sequences encoding Tir polypeptide, Tir peptides, a recombinant method for producing recombinant Tir, antibodies which bind to Tir, and a kit for the detection of Tir-producing E. coli are provided. A method of immunizing a host with Tir to induce a protective immune response to Tir or a second polypeptide of interest is also provided.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to novel polypeptides and to nucleic acid molecules encoding those polypeptides. Also provided herein are vectors and host cells comprising those nucleic acid sequences, chimeric polypeptide molecules comprising the polypeptides of the present invention fused to heterologous polypeptide sequences, antibodies which bind to the polypeptides of the present invention and to methods for producing the polypeptides of the present invention.

Abstract: The invention features non-glycosylated human alpha-fetoprotein, methods of production, and uses thereof.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods of creating and using OB protein compositions with an antibody constant region or portion thereof fused to an OB protein. The fusion protein is created by attaching the polyamino acids to the OB protein moiety. The fusion proteins can then be used for various therapeutic uses.

Abstract: The present invention relates to polynucleotide and polypeptide molecules for zacrp2, a novel member of the family of proteins bearing a collagen-like domain and a C1q domain. The polypeptides and polynucleotides encoding them, are involved in dimerization or oligomerization and may be used in the study thereof. The present invention also includes antibodies to the zacrp2 polypeptides.

Abstract: The present application provides the horse, cat and dog IL4 receptor, including soluble receptors as well as method for therapeutic use of such receptors.

Abstract: A high resolution structure of the hemalbumin binding complex is provided which includes the detailed atomic coordinates which reflect the binding site and the binding characteristics of the structure. This high resolution structure can be used in methods of determining the primary residues involved in gas binding, redox potential of iron, etc., and thus will be used to identify and optimize the gas binding characteristics of heme and albumin, so as to allow for the development of modified recombinant albumins containing heme and/or heme derivatives which have improved gas binding properties and which can be used for therapeutic purposes.

Abstract: In accordance with the present invention, there are provided novel TRAF-Protein-Binding-Domain polypeptides (TPBDs). The invention also provides nucleic acid molecules encoding TPBDs, vectors containing these nucleic acid molecules and host cells containing the vectors. The invention also provides antibodies that can specifically bind to invention TPBDs. Such TPBDs and/or anti-TPBD antibodies are useful for discovery of drugs that suppress autoimmunity, inflammation, allergy, allograph rejection, sepsis, and other diseases.

Abstract: Disclosed are human VEGF-2 antibodies, antibody fragments, or variants thereof. Also provided are processes for producing such antibodies. The present invention relates to methods and compositions for preventing, treating or ameliorating a disease or disorder comprising administering to an animal, preferably a human, an effective amount of one or more VEGF-2 antibodies or fragments or variants thereof.

Abstract: An isolated nucleic acid molecule encoding a human DNA repair enzyme, MED1, is disclosed. Like other mismatch repair genes which are mutated in certain cancers, MED1, encoding nucleic acids, proteins and antibodies thereto may be used to advantage in genetic or cancer screening assays. MED1, which recognizes and cleaves DNA, may also be used for the diagnostic detection of mutations and genetic variants.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel FGF-13 protein which is a member of the fibroblast growth factor (FGF) family. In particular, isolated nucleic acid molecules are provided encoding the human FGF-13 protein. FGF-13 polypeptides are also provided as are vectors, host cells and recombinant methods for producing the same. The invention further relates to screening methods for identifying agonists and antagonists of FGF-13 activity. Also provided are diagnostic methods for detecting FGF-13-related disorders and therapeutic methods for treating FGF-13-related disorders. Disclosed is a method of prolonging dopaminergic neuron survival.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of purifying a protein of interest from its fusion analog, comprising obtaining a protein solution comprising a protein of interest and its fusion analog; adjusting the pH and/or ionic strength of the protein solution with an appropriate buffer for use with a Hydrophobic Charge Induction Chromatograph (HCIC) resin, contacting the protein solution and HCIC resin column to allow binding of the protein of interest and its fusion analog, washing the resin and eluting the protein of interest from the resin by a pH gradient; wherein the protein of interest is substantially free of its fusion analog.

Abstract: Disclosed are cationic diazo compounds of the following formula Dye1-LK-Dye2??(I) in which Dye1 and Dye2 represent: Also herein disclosed are dye compositions comprising the cationic diazo compounds as direct dye, a process for dyeing keratin fibers using this composition, and a multi-compartment device.

Abstract: The invention provides methods of detecting a nucleic acid. The methods comprise contacting the nucleic acid with one or more types of particles having oligonucleotides attached thereto. In one embodiment of the method, the oligonucleotides are attached to nanoparticles and have sequences complementary to portions of the sequence of the nucleic acid. A detectable change (preferably a color change) is brought about as a result of the hybridization of the oligonucleotides on the nanoparticles to the nucleic acid. The invention also provides compositions and kits comprising particles. The invention further provides methods of synthesizing unique nanoparticle-oligonucleotide conjugates, the conjugates produced by the methods, and methods of using the conjugates. In addition, the invention provides nanomaterials and nanostructures comprising nanoparticles and methods of nanofabrication utilizing nanoparticles. Finally, the invention provides a method of separating a selected nucleic acid from other nucleic acids.

Abstract: The invention relates to Bt toxin resistance management. The invention particularly relates to the isolation and characterization of nucleic acid and polypeptides for a novel Bt toxin receptor. The nucleic acid and polypeptides are useful in identifying and designing novel Bt toxin receptor ligands including novel insecticidal toxins.

Abstract: We claim a flea ultraspiracle nucleic acid molecule encoding an ultraspiracle protein, and a composition comprising the isolated nucleic acid molecule. Also, we claim a method of recombinantly producing the ultraspiracle protein thereof.

Abstract: The subject invention relates to isolated nucleic acid sequences or genes involved in polyketide synthase (PKS) biosynthetic pathways. In particular, such pathways are involved in the production of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) such as, for example, Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). Specifically, the invention relates to isolating nucleic acid sequences encoding proteins involved in eukaryotic PUFA-PKS systems and to uses of these genes and encoded proteins in PUFA-PKS systems, in heterologous hosts, for the production of PUFAs such as EPA and DHA.

Abstract: The invention provides neuropeptide ligands, G protein-coupled receptors and methods of screening for modulators of receptor activity. Identified modulators, including neuropeptide ligand mimetics, are useful as biostatic and biocidal agents of varying scope, ranging from lethal activity restricted to particular invertebrate parasites to broad spectrum invertebrate parasiticides active on a wide range of invertebrates, including helminths and insects.

Abstract: A process for alkali saponification of polymer film is disclosed. The process comprises the steps of applying solution of an alkali onto a polymer film having a temperature of not lower than room temperature, and washing away the alkaline solution from the film.

Abstract: A process for producing a self-cross-linking alkyl cellulose derivative, which includes irradiating, with radioactive rays, a mixture of a starting alkyl cellulose derivative (the number of carbon atoms of the alkyl group is 1 through 3, the alkyl group may be substituted by a hydroxyl group or a carboxyl group, and the carboxyl group may form a salt) (100 parts by weight) and water (5–2,000 parts by weight), and thus obtained self-cross-linking alkyl cellulose derivative has an improved biodegradability and excellent water-absorbability.

Abstract: Isoflavone concentrates are described, which contain at least about ten to about twenty weight parts of polysorbate to one weight part of isoflavone containing a genistein, and/or daidcein, and/or glycitein. Further, a method for the production of an isoflavone concentrate is described.

Abstract: A macrocyclic peptide deformylase (PDF) inhibitor comprising a peptide or peptide mimetic having three residues, P1?, P2?, and P3?, wherein P2? connects P1? and P3?, wherein P1? and P3? each have a side chain, and wherein the side chains on P1? and P3? are crosslinked to form the macrocyclic PDF inhibitor. The side chains of P1? and P3? interact with the PDF active site, and preferably, P2? has a side chain that interacts with a solvent. Also provided are methods of inhibiting the growth of a bacterium, the methods comprising contacting the bacterium with an anti-bacterial effective amount of the inventive macrocyclic PDF inhibitor. Additionally, a method of treating a bacterial infection in a subject comprising administering an effective amount of a macrocyclic PDF inhibitor to a subject in need of treatment.

Abstract: The present invention provides novel processes and intermediates for preparing corticotropin releasing factor (CRF) receptor antagonists having the structure below which are useful in treating CRF-related disorders such as anxiety and depression

Abstract: Triazine derivatives of formula (1) wherein R1 is C1–C20alkyl; C3–C7cycloalkyl; or C1–C20perfluoroalkyl; R2 is hydrogen; C1–C20alkyl; or C3–C7cycloalkyl; and R3 is hydrogen; C1–C20alkyl; C3–C7cycloalky; C1–C20perfluoroalky; C1C20alkyl-carbonyl; C3–C7cycloalkyl-carbonyl; C1–C20perfluoroalkyl-carbonyl; or phenylcarbonyl; are described. The compounds exhibit pronounced action against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria and also against yeasts and moulds.

Abstract: A compound of the formula wherein R is defined as in the specification, which compounds have an inhibitory effect vis-à-vis cycline-dependent kinase proteins (cdk) and are endowed with antimitotic properties.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of substituted alkanesulfonates by the reaction of an aqueous metal substituted 2-hydroxyethanesulfonate with a nucleophile. 2-Alkylaminoalkanesulfonate is formed when the nucleophile is an amine. The invention also relates to the optimization of reaction conditions to produce an optimum yield.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds of formula I: or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or mixtures thereof that inhibit serine protease activity, particularly the activity of hepatitis C virus NS3–NS4A protease. As such, they act by interfering with the life cycle of the hepatitis C virus and are also useful as antiviral agents. The invention further relates to compositions comprising these compounds either for ex vivo use or for administration to a patient suffering from HCV infection and to processes for preparing the compounds. The invention also relates to methods of treating an HCV infection in a patient by administering a composition comprising a compound of this invention. The invention further relates to processes for preparing these compounds.

Abstract: This invention provides aryl and heteroaryl compounds, methods of their preparation, pharmaceutical compositions comprising the compounds, and their use in treating human or animal disorders. The compounds of the invention may be useful as antagonists, or partial antagonist of factor IX and/or factor XI and thus, may be used to inhibit the intrinsic pathway of blood coagulation. The compounds may be useful in a variety of applications including the management, treatment and/or control of diseases caused in part by the intrinsic clotting pathway utilizing factor IX and/or XI.

Abstract: This invention discloses novel gamma secretase inhibitors of the formula: wherein: R1 is a substituted aryl or substituted heteroaryl group; R2 is an R1 group, alkyl, —X(CO)Y, or alkylene-X(CO)Y wherein X and Y are as defined herein; each R3 and each R3A are independently H, or alkyl; R11 is aryl, heteroaryl, alkyl, cycloalkyl, arylalkyl, arylcycloalkyl, heteroarylalkyl, heteroarylcycloalkyl, arylheterocycloalkyl, or alkoxyalkyl. Also disclosed is a method of treating Alzheimer's Disease using one or more compounds of the invention.

Abstract: The invention concerns a novel method for preparing pyridin-2-yl-methylamine derivatives by reducing amination of cyanohydrins.

Abstract: Synthetic pathways are disclosed for synthesizing derivatives or analogs of fentanyl. Specifically set out are pathways for synthesizing alfentanil, sufentanil and remifentanil. The disclosed methods require fewer steps and produce a greater yield of product than methods reported in the prior art.

Abstract: One aspect of the present invention relates to ionic liquids comprising a pendant Bronsted-acidic group, e.g., a sulfonic acid group. Another aspect of the present invention relates to the use of an ionic liquid comprising a pendant Bronsted-acidic group to catalyze a Bronsted-acid-catalyzed chemical reaction. A third aspect of the present invention relates to ionic liquids comprising a pendant nucleophilic group, e.g., an amine. Still another aspect of the present invention relates to the use of an ionic liquid comprising a pendant nucleophilic group to catalyze a nucleophile-assisted chemical reaction. A fifth aspect of the present invention relates to the use of an ionic liquid comprising a pendant nucleophilic group to remove a gaseous impurity, e.g., carbon dioxide, from a gas, e.g., sour natural gas.

Abstract: The invention pertains to a hydroformylation process for the conversion of an ethylenically unsaturated compound to an alcohol comprising a first step of reacting at an elevated temperature in a reactor the ethylenically unsaturated compound, carbon monoxide, hydrogen, and a phosphine-containing cobalt hydroformylation catalyst, which are dissolved in a solvent, followed by a second step of separating a mixture comprising the alcohol and heavy ends from a solution comprising the catalyst and the solvent, followed by a third step of recycling the solution to the reactor.

Abstract: Process for the synthesis of perindopril of formula (I): and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing an amorphous form of the hemi-calcium salt of (3R, 5R) 7-[3-phenyl-4-phenylcarbamoyl-2-(4-fluorophenyl)-5-isopropyl-pyrrol-1-yl]-3,5-dihydroxyheptanoic acid of formula (I), in which (3R, 5R) 7-[3-phenyl-4-phenylcarbamoyl-2-(4-fluorophenyl)-5-isopropyl-pyrrol-1-yl]-3,5-dihydroxyheptanoic acid or its salt with a cation M+ wherein M30 is either a cation of an alkali metal or an ammonium cation of formula RnN(+)H(4?n) wherein R is lower C1–C5 alkyl, n may reach values ranging between 0 and 3, is, without isolating the intermediate in the form of the hemi-calcium salt or of another salt, acid or lactone, converted, in a solution, by the treatment with the calcium salt or calcium hydroxide, or a calcium C1–C5 alcoholate, to the hemi-calcium salt, and the latter is precipitated with a C1–C5hydrocarbon or dialkylether of formula R1OR2, wherein each of R1 and R2 is a C1–C5 alkyl group.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing pure racemic, R- or S-thioctic acid or mixtures thereof by reacting 6,8-disubstituted octanoic acid or their salts or esters with sulfides, sulfur or sulfites.

Abstract: An improved process and catalyst system for the isomerization of halothiophenes. More particularly, an improved process for the isomerization of 2-halothiopehenes to 3-halothiophenes by reacting a 2-halothiophene with a catalyst and in the presence of a base. The addition of a base additive to the acidic zeolite catalyst allows the desired isomerization reaction to take place while suppressing side-reactions that result in the decomposition of thiophene rings. The catalyst lifetime is thus increased and the amount of catalyst needed for the reaction is reduced, lowering cost.

Abstract: Platinum containing compounds exhibiting cytostatic activity, methods of synthesizing platinum-containing compounds exhibiting cytostatic activity pharmaceutical compositions comprising platinum containing compounds, and methods of using such compounds and compositions for treating cancer are disclosed.

Abstract: A crystal comprising LuxP is obtained, and a binding site for autoinducer-2 (AI-2) identified. The X-ray crystallographic data for LuxP and a LuxP-AI-2 complex is determined and used in a drug discovery method. Pharmaceutical compositions comprising ligands identified by such drug discovery methods are used to treat bacterial infections.

Abstract: The present invention provides a convenient process for the preparation of S-fluoromethyl 6?,9?-difluoro-11?-hydroxy-16?-methyl-17?-propionyloxy-3-oxoandrosta-1,4-diene-17?-carbothioate, a compound of formula 1, comprising (a) treating 17?-[(N,N-dimethylcarbamoyl)thio]carbonyl-6?,9?-difluoro-11?-hydroxy-16?-methyl-17?-propionyloxy-3-oxoandrosta-1,4-diene, a compound of formula 3 with alkali metal carbonate-alcohol system to obtain 6?,9?-difluoro-11?-hydroxy-16?-methyl-17?-propionyloxy-3-oxoandrosta-1,4-diene-17?-carbothioic acid, a compound of formula 4; (b) reacting the compound of formula 4 with bromofluoromethane to yield the compound of formula 1.

Abstract: A method for preparing aryllithium compounds of the formulae (IV) and (VI) includes reacting halogen compounds (I) with lithium metal to obtain a lithium compound of formula (II) and reacting the lithium compound of formula (II) with aromatic compounds of the formulae (III) and/or (V) to form lithium aromatics (IV) and (VI).

Abstract: This invention relates to novel triple salts of (?)-hydroxycitric acid having the general formula 1 wherein X, Y are selected from zinc or group IIA metal and Z is selected from group IA metal of the Periodic Table. Preferred salts are triple metal salts of calcium, magnesium or zinc and potassium. This invention also includes a process for preparing the triple salts by adding stiochiometric amounts of aqueous solutions of the compounds of the desired metal to an aqueous solution of (?)-HCA. Preferably an extract from garcinia fruit ring is used as a starting material. Compounds of this invention are substantially tastless, odorless and highly water soluble and find use in beverages and in neutraceuticals.

Abstract: The present invention is related to pure cis-diiodo-(trans-L-1,2-cyclohexanediamine) Pt (II) complex, and a process of its preparation. The present invention is further related to the preparation of oxaliplatin using said cis-diiodo-(trans-L-1,2-cyclohexanediamine) Pt (II) complex.

Abstract: Chlorosilanes are hydrolyzed to a hydrolysate in a looped system containing a hydrolysis reactor, an HCl purifier, a wash means, and a separator. The steps of the method comprise: (i) feeding chlorosilanes from an external source to the hydrolysis reactor, (ii) feeding water from an external source to the wash means, (iii) feeding a high concentration aqueous HCl of at least 10 percent by weight HCl from an external source to the hydrolysis reactor between the wash means and the hydrolysis reactor, (iv) removing anhydrous hydrogen chloride from the HCl purifier, (v) removing hydrolysate from the wash means, and (vi) removing a low concentration aqueous hydrogen chloride of 0.1 to less than 10 percent by weight HCl from the looped system.

Abstract: Preparation of organosilanes by hydrosilylation of an alkene takes place in a continuous manner using an iridium hydrosilylation catalyst and diene cocatalyst. The continuous process provides high yields in a safe and economical manner.

Abstract: A silane or siloxane containing at least one organic group is prepared by a hydrosilylation reaction between a silane or siloxane (A) containing at least one Si—H group and an allyl compound (B) in the presence of a noble metal catalyst. The silane or siloxane (A) and the allyl compound (B) are fed continuously through a reaction zone which is maintained at a temperature in the range 115–200° C. and which is provided with heat exchanger means to dissipate the heat from the exothermic hydrosilylation reaction. The residence time of (A) and (B) in the reaction zone is less than 20 minutes.

Abstract: A dihydroxy aromatic compound having a Formula (I) wherein R1 is selected from the group consisting of a cyano functionality, a nitro functionality, an aliphatic functionality having 1 to 10 carbons, an aliphatic ester functionality having 2 to 10 carbons, a cycloaliphatic ester functionality having 4 to 10 carbons and an aromatic ester functionality having 4 to 10 carbons; R2 is selected from the group consisting of a cyano functionality, a nitro functionality, an aliphatic ester functionality having 2 to 10 carbons, a cycloaliphatic ester functionality having 4 to 10 carbons and an aromatic ester functionality having 4 to 10 carbons; and each R3 and R4, at each occurrence, can be the same or different and are independently at each occurrence an aliphatic functionality having 1 to 10 carbons or a cycloaliphatic functionality having 3 to 10 carbons, “n” is an integer having a value 0 to 4 and “m” is an integer having a value 0 to 4.

Abstract: A novel monomethyl malonate derivative is represented by following Formula (I): wherein X is a halogen atom; and Me is methyl group. This compound can be prepared by the steps of (A) reacting a benzyl halide derivative represented by following Formula (II): wherein X and Y may be the same as or different from each other and are each a halogen atom, with dimethyl malonate in the presence of a base to yield a dimethyl malonate derivative represented by following Formula (III): wherein X and Me have the same meanings as defined above; and (B) hydrolyzing the dimethyl malonate derivative of Formula (III). The compound is useful in the production of an indanonecarboxylic acid ester having a halogen atom on the indanone ring.

Abstract: There is provided methods for producing nateglinide crystals, which comprises the steps of adding an acid(s) to a reaction mixture containing nateglinide to make it acidic, the reaction mixture being obtained by reacting trans-4-isopropylcyclohexylcarbonyl chloride with D-phenylalanine in a mixed solvent of ketone solvent and water in the presence of an alkali; and then adjusting the temperature of the mixture to 58° C. to 72° C. and the concentration of ketone solvent to more than 8 wt % and less than 22 wt % to conduct precipitation of nateglinide crystals. This producing method is the industrially beneficial methods for crystallization of nateglinide.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the manufacture of a compound of formula: (Formula I); or a salt, especially a pharmaceutically acceptable salt with a base, thereof or a lactone thereof wherein the element (a) represents —CH2—CH2— or —CH?CH— and R represents a cyclic radical.