Abstract: A shaft of a brushless motor includes a protruding portion, and a ball bearing abutting against the protruding portion for axially positioning the ball bearing. The protruding portion is formed by rolling, and a plurality of protruding portions are arranged on the shaft in a circumferentially equally spaced manner. By forming the protruding portions by rolling, durability of the shaft against a force in a radial direction is enhanced, and therefore, it is possible to provide a reliable brushless motor.

Abstract: A motor with a position-adjustable rotor, wherein a rotational shaft of the motor is rotatably supported by a holder assembly, includes a rotor of which the rotational shaft is fixed in a central portion. The rotor has a position adjusting indentation around the rotational shaft, and is formed by pressing soft magnetic powder. Further, the motor includes a position adjusting bushing, inserted into the rotational shaft to be positioned between the rotor and the holder assembly. The position adjusting bushing has an insertion unit inserted into the position adjusting indentation and a locking unit supported at an exterior side of the position adjusting indentation, wherein the insertion unit and the locking unit have different diameters or widths. In the motor, a gap between the rotor and the holder assembly is adjusted by changing a direction in which the position adjusting bushing is inserted into the rotational shaft.

Abstract: An oilless bearing type motor with a function of preventing oil leakage, wherein the motor includes an oilless bearing supporting a rotational shaft to be rotatable, includes a rotor of which the rotational shaft is fixed in a central portion. The rotor has an oil collecting indentation around the rotational shaft to collect oil leaked from an oilless bearing side, and is formed by pressing soft magnetic powder. Further, The oilless bearing type motor includes an oil absorption ring formed of a material absorbing a liquid to allow the oil, which moves by a centrifugal force in the oil collection indentation, to be absorbed, and installed in the oil collecting indentation.

Abstract: A commutator motor includes a stator and a rotor, and the stator includes a stator yoke and a field magnet. The field magnet is fixed onto the inner peripheral surface of the substantially cylindrical stator yoke. The stator yoke is configured by coaxially stacking a plurality of plate-like annular bodies, and the annular bodies are fixedly connected to each other by caulking at a caulking portion disposed on the annular body. In manufacture, the length of the stator yoke in the axial direction can be arbitrarily changed with the thickness of the annular body in the axial direction as a minimum unit. In case of manufacturing various stator yokes that are different in the axial length, the necessity of replacing a manufacturing machine is eliminated, thereby providing a commutator motor having the stator yoke which is low in the manufacturing costs.

Abstract: A method for obtaining, in a quick way, a strong, compact and waterproof permanent-magnet rotor (3), intended for a synchronous motor (1), particularly for pumps of washing machines for industrial and domestic use and the like, of the external stator (2) type, comprising a cylindrical hollow core (6) surrounded by a plurality of permanent magnets (10) comprising the steps of arranging a cup-like body (7) with a base end (8a), a free end (8b) and a side wall (9) exhibiting a plurality of passing longitudinal recesses (12) which define, between the same, a plurality of positioning seats (13) for the magnets (10), providing to insert the core (6) into the cup-like body (7) and arrange the magnets (10) in said seats (13) and injecting a plastic material with obtainment of a cage-like structure (50) having opposite bottoms (27, 28) abutting at the ends (8a, 8b) of the cup-like body (7) as well as columns (29) extended between the opposite bottoms (27, 28) housed in the recesses (12).

Abstract: A simplified fan device includes a base plate, a flat-type impeller, a magnet sheet and a shaft member. The base plate includes an axial hole and at least one stator coil arranged thereon. The flat-type impeller is formed with an annular supporting plate, an assembling hole and a series of bent vanes. The magnet sheet provides with a center through hole and at least one pair of alternatively opposite magnetic poles (i.e. north pole and south pole). A first distal end of the shaft member is mounted to one of the assembling hole of the flat-type impeller and the center through hole of the magnet sheet or both. Correspondingly, a second distal end of the shaft member is extended through and rotatably received in a bearing member mounted in the axial hole of the base plate so as to constitute a thin-type structure.

Abstract: A fan device includes a base plate, a flat-type impeller, an assembling member, a magnet sheet and a shaft member. The base plate includes an axial hole and at least one stator coil arranged thereon. The flat-type impeller is formed with an annular supporting plate and bent vanes while the assembling member is formed with an assembling hole and an upraised flange. The magnet sheet provides with at least one pair of alternatively opposite magnetic poles (i.e. north pole and south pole). A first distal end of the shaft member is extended through the flat-type impeller and inserted into the assembling hole of the assembling member while a second distal end of the shaft member is inserted into the axial hole of the base plate. The flat-type impeller is positioned and sandwiched in between the assembling member and the magnet sheet so as to constitute a thin-type structure.

Abstract: An induction motor includes a stator having stator cores and coils wound on the stator cores to leave end-turns, and a rotor rotatably provided at an inner side of the stator with a gap left between the stator and the rotor. The rotor has a rotor core provided at an axial end with an end-turn utilizing portion extending radially outwardly in a confronting relationship with the end-turns of the stator with a gap left therebetween, so that magnetic fluxes generated in the end-turns flow through the end-turn utilizing portion of the rotor core. The rotor core is made of compressed soft-magnetic powder.

Abstract: In this stator, first and second U-phase loop windings and first and second W-phase loop windings are short-pitch wave windings, and the width in the circumferential direction of the slot between the U and V-phases in which the loop windings are disposed and the slot between the V and W-phases in which the loop windings are disposed is set to a value that is ½ the width in the circumferential direction of the slot between the W and U-phases in which the loop windings are disposed. The ratio of the first winding turns number of the loop windings and the second winding turns number of the loop windings is set so that when having added the induced voltages by the loop windings or having added the induced voltages by the loop windings in the slots, the phase difference of the induced voltages obtained by addition is 120 electrical degrees.

Abstract: A rotor for use in an induction motor includes a main body installed to be rotatable by having a gap inside a stator, providing a flow path of magnetic fluxes produced from the coil, and including a plurality of conductors formed on an edge region of the main body; a pair of barriers formed to pass through the main body in a manner to have a semi-spherical shape from a sectional view, base lines of the semi-spherical shape being disposed to face each other; and a plurality of permanent magnets disposed inside the individual barriers. Therefore, the permanent magnets can be easily affixed to the inner side of the individual barriers, and the loss of the magnetic fluxes is minimized, thereby improving the efficiency of the rotor.

Abstract: In one embodiment the present invention provides for a method for checking the alignment of a stator core that comprises placing a laser source 14 and a target 18 a given distance apart on a stator core 10 and activating the laser such that the laser strikes the target. Then measuring on the target where the laser strikes, and interpreting the measurement to determine any misalignment of the stator core in the given distance.

Abstract: A stator includes a stator body and a plurality of compression beads formed on an outer surface of the stator body to reduce a contact surface between the stator body and an inner surface of the shell, the plurality of compression beads being compressed by the inner surface of the shell and thus held therein when the stator is fitted into the shell. Further, the plurality of compression beads is oriented in a direction in which the stator body is fitted into the shell, and each of the plurality of compression beads has an inclined guide part on an end corresponding to an end of the stator body that is first fitted into the shell, to guide the fitting of the stator body.

Abstract: A stator segment for a segmented stator of an electric machine includes insulative material configured for overlapping with insulative material of an adjacent stator segment to provide continuous insulation along a joint between the adjacent stator segments. Additionally, or alternatively, the stator segment can include one or more alignment tabs configured to engage a surface of an adjacent stator segment to inhibit relative axial movement between adjacent stator segments.

Abstract: A commutator for an electric machine comprises a support member made from insulating molding compound, a plurality of metal conductor segments (3), disposed thereon in evenly spaced manner around the commutator axis, with terminal elements disposed thereon for a rotor winding, and an interference-suppression device, to which the conductor segments are connected in electrically conductive manner.

Abstract: A stator for an electromagnetic machine includes a plurality of discrete and individually wound stator segments having end caps positioned on the segments. The end caps have legs for positioning the end cap on the segments with an interference fit. The end caps have angled surfaces to facilitate winding of wire on the segments. The end caps have male and female couplings that mate together to couple adjacent segments together. The end caps have fingers and slots for aligning the segments on substantially the same plane. The end caps have wire isolation features, including hooks, shelves and ledges, for separating the interconnect wires routed on the stator to electrically interconnect the segments. The segments include scalloped contours on their outer edges for draining oil, and the end caps have passages for draining oil.

Abstract: A stator of an electric motor is formed by a plurality of split stators that are divided in a circumferential direction of the cylindrical stator. Each split stator comprises a yoke portion that is divided in the circumferential direction, a tooth portion that extends from the yoke portion a in a radial direction, and a coil wound on the tooth portion. The coil is pressed into the coil-housing portion, defined by the yoke portion and the tooth portion, by a press die. While the coil is pressed into the coil-housing portion by the press die, the coil may be covered by, for example, being integrated with a resin. Thus, the risk of damaging the coating of the coil is significantly reduced, the coil density is improved, and good circularity of the stator is ensured.

Abstract: A resin bobbin is mounted to a pole core by fitting a body portion thereof over first and second boss portions. A rotor coil is configured by winding a conducting wire onto the bobbin, and an output wire of the conducting wire that is led out from the wound portion is wound doubly onto an output wire securing portion of the bobbin. An edge portion of a radially-outermost surface of the output wire securing portion near the body portion is placed in contact with an inner circumferential wall surface of a first claw-shaped magnetic pole portion.

Abstract: A rotational actuator/motor based on rotation of a carbon nanotube is disclosed. The carbon nanotube is provided with a rotor plate attached to an outer wall, which moves relative to an inner wall of the nanotube. After deposit of a nanotube on a silicon chip substrate, the entire structure may be fabricated by lithography using selected techniques adapted from silicon manufacturing technology. The structures to be fabricated may comprise a multiwall carbon nanotube (MWNT), two in plane stators S1, S2 and a gate stator S3 buried beneath the substrate surface. The MWNT is suspended between two anchor pads and comprises a rotator attached to an outer wall and arranged to move in response to electromagnetic inputs. The substrate is etched away to allow the rotor to freely rotate. Rotation may be either in a reciprocal or fully rotatable manner.

Abstract: An actuator having a housing that defines an interior volume and a primary driver that includes either a piezoelectric element or a magnetorestrictive element. The primary driver has first and second opposing ends and defines a longitudinal length therebetween. The first end of the primary driver is bearingly engaged with a reaction surface that is fixed relative to the housing. The second end of the primary driver longitudinally moves a bearing surface that partially defines a closed working chamber having a fixed quantity of an incompressible medium. An actuating rod extends through an orifice in the housing and has a first end projecting outwardly and a second end disposed within the working chamber. The cross sectional area of the orifice is less than the effective area of the bearing surface whereby the travel distance of the rod is amplified relative to the change in length of the primary driver.

Abstract: One embodiment of an micromechanical device includes a first contact surface, a moveable component having a second contact surface, where the second contact surface interacts with the first contact surface during device operation, and a gas-phase lubricant disposed between the first contact surface and the second contact surface, where the gas-phase lubricant is adapted to reduce stiction-related forces between the first contact surface and the second contact surface. One advantage of the disclosed device is that a gas-phase lubricant has a high diffusion rate and, therefore, is self-replenishing, meaning that it can quickly move back into a contact region after being physically displaced from the region by the contacting surfaces of the device during operation. Consequently, the gas-phase lubricant is more reliable than conventional solid or liquid lubricants in preventing stiction-related device failures.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention generally relate to a device that has an improved usable lifetime due to the presence of a lubricant that reduces the likelihood of stiction occurring between the various moving parts in an electromechanical device. Embodiments of the present invention also generally include a device, and a method of forming a device, that has one or more surfaces or regions that have a volume of lubricant disposed thereon that acts as a ready supply of “fresh” lubricant to prevent stiction occurring between interacting components found within the device. In one aspect, components within the volume of lubricant form a gas or vapor phase that reduces the chances of stiction-related failure in the formed device. In one example, aspects of this invention may be especially useful for fabricating and using micromechanical devices, such as MEMS devices, NEMS devices, or other similar thermal or fluidic devices.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a surface mount type crystal oscillator having a container body including a first recess and a second recess respectively formed in two main surfaces thereof, a crystal blank hermetically sealed in the first recess, an IC chip having an oscillation circuit integrated thereon and secured to the bottom surface of the second recess through thermo-compression bonding using bumps, and a protection resin for protecting a circuit-forming surface of the IC chip comprises the steps of applying a protection resin consisting of a flexible resin along the inner periphery of the second recess, and pressing the IC chip while the outer periphery of the IC chip is brought into contact with the applied protection resin to secure the IC chip to the bottom surface of the second recess.

Abstract: A multilayer composite includes at least two composites, each composite having a film and an electronically conductive layer. Several composites are laminated to provide an increased conversion between mechanical and electrical energies not only due to the multiplication of the effect of each layer, but also due to the fact that the multilayer structure itself renders the multilayer composite more rigid. In addition, the multilayer structure facilitates application of an electrical field over thinner portions of the structure, thereby requiring much less potential difference between electrodes.

Abstract: The invention relates to an actuator comprising a sliding sleeve and an active piston, control means, wherein the sliding sleeve and the piston have at their interface at least one pair of friction layers, characterised in that at least one friction layer is made of a material selected from the following: an oxide of a Ti and Cr alloy; a zirconium matrix stabilised by Sc2O3 and/or Al2O3 and/or Cr2O3; a zirconium oxide in tetragonal phase stabilised by Y2O3; an alloy of Al, Fe and at least one other element.

Abstract: The invention concerns an actuator that includes an active piston, an inner sliding cylinder and an outer cylinder in which the said sliding cylinder is pre-stressed, where one of the cylinders is in a material with a negative thermal expansion coefficient or one that is close to zero, with the other cylinder having a positive thermal expansion coefficient, in which the material of the cylinder with negative expansion coefficient or one close to zero is one of the following materials: ?-ZrMo2O8 in cubic structure, Zr2W P2O12, a silicious faujasite, Lu2 (WO4)3, ZrW2O8 in cubic phase, with nanograins whose size is approximately between 10 nm and 75 nm, or any possible combination of these materials.

Abstract: A driving device, comprises: an electromechanical conversion element enabled to expand and contract in response to input of an electrical signal; and a frictional member that is frictionally-engaged with the electromechanical conversion element and that is mounted on the electromechanical conversion element movably along a longitudinal direction of the electromechanical conversion element.

Abstract: A sensor packaging system and methodology includes a plastic substrate configured to include a gap for receiving and maintaining an acoustic wave sensor. An antenna can be printed directly on the plastic substrate and connected electrically to the acoustic wave sensor for the transmission and receipt of data from and to the acoustic wave sensor. The antenna can be flip chip mounted to the acoustic wave sensor, which can be implemented, for example, in the context of a Surface Acoustic Wave (SAW) sensor chip. Such a SAW sensor chip can includes a plurality of metal electrodes located on the same surface of the plastic substrate as the SAW sensor chip.

Abstract: One aspect of the present patent application is an energy harvesting device comprising a composite structure including a base spring and a piezoelectric structure. The base spring has a base spring surface having elevated portions separated by a recessed portion. The piezoelectric structure substantially crosses the recessed portion. In one aspect the piezoelectric structure includes a piezoelectric element that is bonded to the elevated portions. In another aspect, the base spring has a base spring stiffness. The piezoelectric element has a piezoelectric element stiffness. The base spring stiffness is less than the piezoelectric element stiffness. In another aspect, the composite structure has a natural frequency of vibration, and this natural frequency of vibration of the composite structure is automatically adjustable. In another aspect, the piezoelectric elements are stacked. In another aspect, the piezoelectric structure is located in the recessed portion.

Abstract: Disclosed is an improved toothbrush holder in which a toothbrush can be stored or from which a toothbrush can be taken out in a simple manner. In the toothbrush holder, on the inside of which an enclosing space that is opened on one side is formed, a body is included, on one side of which an inserting groove is formed. A protective cover is hinged rotatably to one side of the body to close the opened part of the body. A hinge member is provided to the body and a part of the protective cover, respectively. A guide member is provided on the inside of the protective cover and encloses the head part of the toothbrush. A chucking member is installed on the closed rear surface of the body and is attached detachably to a wall surface of a fixture. Through this configuration, a rotation movement of the protective cover can be made in accordance with a rotation of the toothbrush and thus the procedure of taking out the toothbrush is performed easily; therefore improving significantly a convenience of using it.

Abstract: Office furniture system, in particular, a desking system, with various useful features including a display pool, a vertical storage system, a support system for facilitating the distribution of power and data to electrical devices used with the desk system as well to adjacently disposed desks to enable a wide range of multi-desk configurations, and privacy panels. The support system includes a central spine and various ribs for supporting accessory brackets including a tackable binder.

Abstract: An adjustable sliding sink drawer comprising a left side panel, a right side panel, a left front panel, a right front panel, a left center tray, and a right center tray. These panels and trays are shaped to permit insertion of the device, in a drawer-like manner, into a cavity adjacent to and partially surrounding the underside of a sink, particularly a bathroom sink. The panels and trays create a geometrically-shaped storage compartment, having a generally horizontal bottom and generally vertical side walls. Further, these panels and trays are slidably connected to permit the adjustable sliding sink drawer to occupy the entire breadth of the cavity adjacent to the sink, to fit around various sink widths and designs, and to occupy nearly all of the usable space between the sink and the walls of the cabinet in which the sink is mounted. Non-adjustable embodiments are also disclosed.

Abstract: Disclosed is a decorative wall mounted container system. The system includes a container with an opened front and a pivotal forward cover. The cover has both a closed orientation, overlying the opened front of the container and an opened orientation. The front face of the cover can take the form of a decorative picture, which is displayed when the cover is in the closed orientation. In the opened configuration, the cover is retained at a 90- degree angle relative to the container, such that the rearward face of the cover can be used as a work surface and the contents of the container can be accessed.

Abstract: A mount latch structure for a telescoping slide includes mounting holes disposed on an inner rail of the slide. A mounting member is provided adjacent to the mounting holes. Each of the mounting holes includes a vertical channel and a horizontal channel connected to each other. The mounting member is a resilient strap block having a first end locked to the inner rail and a second end facing the horizontal channel of the mounting hole. A hollowed channel is provided between the first and the second ends of the mounting member. Two resilient strap arms are formed on both longer sides of the hollowed channel.

Abstract: It is an object to decrease the size of the intake unit and to increase possibility of incorporating this intake unit to the existing drawer, sliding door, and so on. The intake unit engaging with a projection portion of the drawing device to move a drawer in the predetermined direction comprises a basic substrate; a cylindrical shock absorber; a movement member releasably engaged at one end of movement stroke; a pulley supported on the side of movement of the cylindrical shock absorber; and a flexible member in which a middle portion thereof is suspended to the pulley, one end is connected to said movement member, and the other end is connected to said basic substrate. When the movement member is released from the lock state, said movement member moves by predetermined stroke in one direction due to urging force of the urging means, and against this movement, a brake of said cylindrical shock absorber is applied through said flexible member.

Abstract: A cooling device including an inner chamber provided with at least one placement device for objects which are to be placed, such as food. The placement device includes a shelf area which is made of a ceramic material. The placement device can also be, for example, a support plate, a pull-out box or a door storage compartment.

Abstract: A plasma jet spark plug provides improved ignitability and durability by forming a part of a spark discharge gap outside the electric discharge space which generates plasma. An ignition system for the plasma jet spark plug is also disclosed. The plasma jet spark plug includes a center electrode, an insulator defining an axial bore which partially surrounds the center electrode, a cavity surrounded by an inner circumferential face of the axial bore which extends from an opening portion of a front end of the axial bore of the insulator and wherein a front end face of the center electrode is formed. A ground electrode is bent towards a front end portion of the insulator.

Abstract: A spark plug having a multilayer firing tip that minimizes the amount of precious metal used and a method of assembling a spark plug with a multilayer firing tip. The firing tip includes a discharge end and a weld end, with the weld end being connected to a center electrode, and more specifically to a base electrode on the center electrode. The weld end has a coefficient of thermal expansion, which is not between the values for the coefficients of thermal expansion for the discharge end and the base electrode. More specifically, the weld end has a coefficient of thermal expansion which is greater than the coefficients of thermal expansion for the discharge end and base electrode. The weld end is formed from Nickel and Chromium with a limited amount of additional elements. The spark plug is assembled by providing a first elongated material formed from the material used for the discharge end and a second elongated material formed from a material used for the weld end.

Abstract: A spark plug having a multilayer firing tip that minimizes the amount of precious metal used and a method of assembling a spark plug with a multilayer firing tip. The firing tip includes a discharge end and a weld end, with the weld end being connected to a center electrode, and more specifically to a base electrode on the center electrode. The weld end has a coefficient of thermal expansion, which is not between the values for the coefficients of thermal expansion for the discharge end and the base electrode. More specifically, the weld end has a coefficient of thermal expansion which is greater than the coefficients of thermal expansion for the discharge end and base electrode. The weld end is formed from Nickel and Chromium with a limited amount of additional elements. The spark plug is assembled by providing a first elongated material formed from the material used for the discharge end and a second elongated material formed from a material used for the weld end.

Abstract: There is provided a method for controlling a plasma-jet spark plug in a four-stroke internal combustion engine, including the steps of: causing the spark plug to generate a primary discharge during either a compression stroke or an expansion stroke of the engine in such a manner as to produce a plasma by the primary discharge; and causing the spark plug to generate a secondary discharge during a time after the primary discharge and before the completion of a subsequent intake stroke of the engine.

Abstract: In a first embodiment a spark plug satisfying the relations: t?0.3 mm and St/Sw?7 in which t is the axial-direction shortest distance between a leading end surface 41a of a precious metal tip 41 and a joint portion 43, St is the surface area of the precious metal tip 41 and a joint portion 43 between the precious metal tip 41 and the ground electrode body 4a, and Sw is the area of the joint portion 43 between the ground electrode body 4a and the precious metal tip 41. In a second embodiment, the spark plug satisfies the relations t?0.3 mm and La>Lb; and in a third embodiment the spark plug satisfies the relations t>T and La>Lb, where T, La and Lb are as defined in the specification. The relation t?0.3 mm is specific to the first and second embodiments, and the relation St/Sw?7 is specific to the first embodiment only.

Abstract: A multi-channel plasma accelerator is provided. The multi-channel plasma accelerator includes a central cylinder formed along a surface comprising a blocked upper surface so as to form a first channel inside the cylinder; and first and second outer cylinders formed along the surface, each having an identical coaxial shaft to the central cylinder, and a diameter of the first outer cylinder being larger than a diameter of the central cylinder and a diameter of the second outer cylinder being larger than the diameter of the first outer cylinder so as to form a second channel as a space between the first and second outer cylinders.

Abstract: A spacer supporting structure includes: a plurality of bar-shaped spacers adapted to maintain a gap between two panels; a first supporting member adapted to fix an end part of the spacer, the first supporting member being arranged on an edge of one of the two panels; a second supporting member arranged on another edge of the one of the two panels; and a plurality of elastic members arranged on the second supporting member, the plurality of elastic members adapted to apply a tensile force to the respective spacers by being coupled to the second ends of the spacers.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing an electron-emitting source includes first to third steps. In the first step, a cathode structure made of a metal containing any one of ion, nickel, cobalt, and chromium is heated to a first temperature in a reaction furnace to which a carbon source gas has been introduced, to form a plurality of first carbon nanotubes on the cathode structure by chemical vapor deposition. In the second step, the metal serving as a material of the cathode structure is deposited on at least either one of the cathode structure and the plurality of first carbon nanotubes, to form a catalyst metal layer. In the third step, the cathode structure including the catalyst metal layer is heated to a second temperature higher than the first temperature in the reaction furnace to which the carbon source gas has been introduced, to form a plurality of second carbon nanotubes which are thinner than the first carbon nanotubes on the catalyst metal layer by chemical vapor deposition.

Abstract: An electron-emitting device in which the specific capacitance and the drive voltage are reduced, and which is capable of obtaining a finer electron beam by controlling the trajectory of emitted electrons. An electron-emitting portion of an electron-emitting member is positioned between the height of a gate and the height of an anode. When the distance between the gate and a cathode is d; the potential difference at driving the device is V1; the distance between the anode and the substrate is H; and the potential difference between the anode and the cathode is V2, then the electric field E1=V1/d during driving is configured to be within the range from 1 to 50 times E2=V2/H.

Abstract: This invention provides a three-dimensional luminescent display, comprising: a first substrate, a second substrate, a plurality of light emitting devices provided between the first substrate and the second substrate, and a plurality of lenticular lenses to show 3D image. Each light emitting device comprises a pixel and has a square shape, and the pixels are provided to form an N by M matrix (N and M are integers) and have a pitch of Xp inch (distance between two neighboring pixels along either the N direction or the M direction). The lenticular lenses form a linear array and the pitch of the lenticular lenses is Plens per inch (lines per inch; LPI). The light emitting devices are provided at the focal plane of the lenticular lenses. Moreover, Xp and Plens satisfy the following equation: 3*k*Xp*Plens=1 in which k is an integer greater than or equal to 1.

Abstract: A cold cathode fluorescent lamp (30) includes a working gas (32), a transparent tube (34), a cold cathode (36), and an anode (38). The transparent tube receives the working gas therein, and the transparent tube has an inner surface (340). A coating (342) is formed on the inner surface of the transparent tube. The cold cathode and the anode are disposed at two ends of the transparent tube separately. A backlight module (50) includes a light guide plate (52) having a light incident surface (520), and the cold cathode fluorescent lamp as described above disposed adjacent the light incident surface.

Abstract: A flat panel display device, a panel of a flat panel display device, and a method of manufacturing a flat panel display device, in which a sealing effect and a resistance to a pressure are increased, and sealing is performed using a glass frit are disclosed. In one aspect, the method includes forming at least a light emitting unit on a surface of a substrate, the light emitting unit including a plurality of light emitting elements, preparing a sealing member to be placed opposite the surface of the substrate, applying a glass frit to an opposing surface of either the substrate or the sealing member to be disposed around the light emitting unit, applying a sealant to the opposing surface of either the substrate or the sealing member to enclose the glass frit, combining the substrate and the sealing member via the sealant, and combining the substrate and the sealing member via the glass frit.

Abstract: A field emission device (FED) includes a top substrate having an anode electrode and a phosphor layer, a lower substrate, at least one cathode electrode having an opening-pattern with at least one opening, an insulating layer located on the cathode electrode, a gate layer located on the insulating layer, and an electron emitter located in the opening of the cathode electrode. The electron emitter is adjacent to the cathode electrode and is electrically connected therewith. The cathode electrode having the opening-pattern is located on a bottom panel. Through the structure illustrated above, uniformity of emitting electron density can be improved and brightness and contrast of color for the FED can be enhanced.

Abstract: An electron emission device is disclosed. The electron emission device includes an insulating layer that electrically insulates gate and cathode electrodes. The insulating layer includes first and second insulating portions. An opening is formed in the second insulating portion and is blocked by the first insulating portion. An electron emission unit is located in the opening and is configured to electrically connect the cathode electrode.

Abstract: An image display device is disclosed in which poor display resulting from deflection of electron bundles which occurs due to electrification of spacers and secondary electron emission can be positively prevented and a high-quality display can be therefore obtained. In the image display device, electron sources in the vicinity of the spacers are displaced with respect to arranging positions at equal pitches, by distances which allow drifts of the electron bundles from phosphors, which are brought about by the deflection of the electron bundles which occurs due to electrification of the spacers and secondary electron emission, to be cancelled.