Abstract: An accumulator fuel injection system working to energize fuel injectors to inject fuel at a sequence of injection timings into an internal combustion engine and also to control a fuel pump to feed the fuel to an accumulator at a sequence of controlled times for compensating for the amount of the fuel flowing out of the accumulator under feedback control. When having found a failure in operation of at least one of the fuel injectors, the system alters a mode of the feedback control to decrease the amount of fuel fed to the accumulator at one of the sequence of the controlled times which is at a selected interval away from one of the sequence of the injection timings at which the at least one of the fuel injectors is to be energized, thereby ensuring a steady balance between the amounts of fuel flowing into and out of the accumulator.

Abstract: A fuel tank assembly (12) is provided for containing liquid fuel and supplying that fuel, upon demand, to an internal combustion engine. The assembly (12) includes a tank (14) in which is disposed a fuel pump module (18). The fuel pump module (18) includes a cup-like reservoir (34) which houses a fuel pump (46) and carries along its outer side wall (36) a fuel level sender unit (32). A float arm (60) extends pivotally from the fuel level sender (32) and swings up and down as the level of fuel in the tank (14) changes. The float arm (60) is pivotally supported on a carrier (58) attached to the side wall (36) of the reservoir (34). A sliding interface (62) is disposed along the side wall (36) of the reservoir (34) for slidably receiving and securing the carrier (58) along a captured alignment path. The fuel level sender (32) can be infinitely positioned in the longitudinal direction along the sliding interface (62) during assembly of the fuel pump module (18).

Abstract: The present invention is to provide a fuel injection system which can inject an appropriate amount of fuel from an electronically controlled fuel injection apparatus while returning vapor existing somewhere in the fuel passages, even in the condition that the fuel tank is disposed below the electronically controlled fuel injection apparatus. In the present invention, a fuel tank 10 is disposed below an electronically controlled fuel injection apparatus 12. A fuel reservoir chamber 18 for supplying fuel from the fuel tank 10 is disposed above the electronically controlled fuel injection apparatus 12, and the fuel stored in the fuel reservoir chamber 18 is supplied to the electronically controlled fuel injection apparatus 12 via a fuel supply passage 24. The fuel reservoir chamber 18 and the fuel tank 10 are connected by a first fuel return passage 30 through which vapor is ejected and fuel in the fuel reservoir chamber overflows.

Abstract: A supercharged internal combustion engine system wherein during periods of high power demand the weight of combustion chamber charge is increased by cooling intake air in a vortex tube operated by high-pressure air from a storage tank. In addition to increasing engine output power, cold air intake also reduces engine pre-ignition (knocking) thereby reducing emissions. Included are means for sensing engine power demand and controlling the supercharging action. Output of the vortex tube may be also used to operate an ejector pump which further compresses intake air and increases charge weight. During periods of natural aspiration the ejector pump can be by-passed to reduce flow impedance. Effective supercharging is achieved even at low engine speeds. One of the objects of the invention is to obtain more power from small displacement ICE and thus providing automotive vehicles with sufficient acceleration in addition to good fuel economy.

Abstract: An air-fuel ratio control apparatus of an internal combustion engine includes first and second catalysts 10 and 12, first air-fuel ratio acquiring means 8 provided up-stream of the first catalyst, for acquiring an air-fuel ratio of exhaust gas; second air-fuel ratio acquiring means 11 for acquiring an air-fuel ratio of the exhaust gas flowing into the second catalyst, and air-fuel ratio controlling means 13 for controlling an air-fuel ratio according to the air-fuel ratios acquired by the first and second air-fuel ratio acquiring means, and the air-fuel ratio controlling means is provided with lean control means 13 for controlling an air-fuel ratio until the second catalyst becomes lean after completion of a fuel quantity increasing operation of the engine, and intermediate lean control means 13 for performing control to change the air-fuel ratio to a lean air-fuel ratio within the range enough to make the first catalyst lean and not enough to make the second catalyst lean, between the fuel quantity increasin

Abstract: An oxygen sensor is mounted in an exhaust path of an internal combustion engine. The status of an exhaust gas is detected in accordance with the output of the oxygen sensor. The oxygen sensor incorporates a heater for heating an element of the sensor. In a region in which the temperature of the sensor element is below 300° C., an adsorbable species becomes adsorbed. In a region in which the exhaust pipe temperature is above 80° C., the adsorbable species becomes adsorbed remarkably. Power supply control is continuously exercised over the heater so as to maintain the sensor element at a temperature of 300° C. or higher until the exhaust pipe temperature drops below 80° C. after an internal combustion engine stop. The power supply to the heater is shut off after the exhaust pipe temperature drops below 80° C.

Abstract: An apparatus comprising an internal combustion engine, an exhaust system in communication with the engine, a particulate sensor associated with the exhaust system, and a controller in electrical communication with the particulate sensor, wherein the controller is configured to determine a change in a rate of exhaust flow in the exhaust system, to compare the change in the rate of exhaust flow to a preselected threshold rate of change; and if the change in the rate of exhaust flow has a preselected relationship to the preselected threshold rate of change, then to determine a degradation of the sensor.

Abstract: An air-fuel ratio control apparatus is applied to an internal combustion engine including a variable lift mechanism wich changes a lift amount of an intake valve. An oxygen sensor, wich outputs a signal indicating an oxygen concentration in exhaust gas, is provided downstream of an exhaust gas purification catalyst in an exhaust passage of the internal combustion engine. Air-fuel ratio control is performed to correct the fuel injection amount command value using the correction amount that is set based on the value output from the oxygen sensor. The relationship among the deviation of the correction amount from its reference value, the learned small lift value, the learned medium lift value, and the lift amount is learned. The learned deviation value is calculated based on the lift amount, using the learned relationship. Then, the fuel injection amount command value is corrected by the correction amount including the calculated learned deviation value.

Abstract: A spin attachment attachable to the firing end of the barrel of a compressed gas gun and a method of using the same is disclosed. The spin attachment allows a user to control the spin on a projectile exiting the muzzle end of a barrel of a compressed gas gun, which in turn, allows the user to curve the trajectory of the projectile after it is fired from the spin attachment.

Abstract: A valve, possibly for use in a paintball marker, has a longer threaded portion that insures a canister that engages the valve must undergo many twists to become unscrewed from the valve. Alternatively, the valve has an elongated threaded portion with gas bleed channels that extend along a substantial portion of the threading. Still alternatively, the valve may use visual markings along the length of the threaded portion to indicate to a user that the canister is being unscrewed.

Abstract: A tile saw guide apparatus comprising a right-angle triangle shaped guide body and an attachment structure. The right-angle triangle shaped guide body includes a tile receiving space accessible through a first non-hypotenuse edge of the right-angle triangle shaped guide body. A first tile engaging edge defining the tile receiving space extends substantially perpendicular to the first non-hypotenuse edge of the right-angle triangle shaped guide body. A second tile engaging edge defining the tile receiving space extends substantially perpendicular to a second non-hypotenuse edge of the right-angle triangle shaped guide body. The attachment structure is fixedly attached to the right-angle triangle shaped guide body. The attachment structure is configured for fixedly securing the guide body to a table of a tile saw and extends across the hypotenuse edge of the right-angle triangle shaped guide body.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an oven (1) for heating foodstuff (28), in particular french fries (28), by means of hot air (22, 23) circulating in a substantially closed circle, wherein circulation of the air (22, 23) is forced, preferably by a fan (20) or blower.

Abstract: An electric oven includes a cavity, a door rotatably installed at a front surface and including an air suction hole formed at one side of the outside thereof and an air discharge hole formed at one side of the inside thereof; and an air suction/discharge member mounted outside the cavity and allowing the indoor air to be sucked through the air suction hole and to be discharged to a lower side of the cavity.

Abstract: A gas cook-top with glass (capacitive) touch controls and automatic burner re-ignition is provided. The gas cook-top utilizes a variable flow gas control valve that is driven by an electronic controller whose user interface provides a glass capacitive touch interface. Various electronic features including safety lockouts and burner re-ignition are provided, as is relational control of the burner flame. As a user moves their finger along a flame adjust indicator, the electronic control positions the variable flow gas valve to control the flame height of the burner to correspond to the relative position along the indicator selected by the user.

Abstract: Provided is a cooking grate for improving cooking performance on an outdoor cooking grill. The cooking grate has a metallic plate, configured to be placed over a heat source in the outdoor cooking grill, where the metallic plate has a plurality of perforation holes. The cooking grate further includes a plurality of cooking surface ribs, configured to support food during cooking and positioned above the metallic plate. Also provided are methods of providing an improved cooking grate for an outdoor cooking grill including the steps of: perforating a metallic plate, configured to be positioned above a heat source on the outdoor cooking grill; forming a plurality of cooking surface ribs, configured to receive food to be cooked thereon.

Abstract: Methods for manufacturing grills, methods for marketing grills, and grills. An example method for manufacturing a grill includes providing a grill base and lid, fabricating a plurality of accessory parts for the grill that are tailored to a lifestyle, and attaching the accessory parts to the grill base. An example method for target marketing grills includes providing a grill, selecting a theme for the grill that is tailored to a lifestyle, fabricating parts for the grill that are tailored to the lifestyle, attaching the parts to the grill base, and promoting the grill to persons who have the lifestyle. An example grill includes a grill base, a lid, and a number of accessory parts attached to the grill base.

Abstract: An improved system and operating method for a smoke generator machine and control room to be enclosed into a single trailer for the training of personnel in the art of visible smoke opacity compliance monitoring of industrial smoke discharge from smoke stacks by distinguishing the variations of smoke opacity emission based on the requirements set forth by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency EPA said smoke generator is principally used for production of white and black smoke for simulating smoke discharge from industrial smoke stacks by heating various fuels to the flash point in burn boxes to create white or black smoke and venting said smoke through a duct system to a smoke stack by creating a artificial draft by a speed control fan.

Abstract: The object of the present invention is to provide a liquid fuel storage container for fuel cell capable of storing liquid fuel to be supplied to a liquid-fuel direct-supply type fuel cell and stably supplying liquid fuel for a long time, and also provide a fuel-cell system. The present invention employs a fuel-supplying pipe (120) extending within a tank member (110) for supplying liquid fuel (185) and having flexibility, and provides a weight member (122) at a portion near a suction port (121) for liquid fuel on the fuel-supplying pipe. Accordingly, the suction port can move to a portion where the liquid fuel exists, anytime, and can be kept immersed in the liquid fuel. This enables stably supplying fuel even when the fuel cell is mounted on a portable electronic apparatus.

Abstract: A vent assembly that includes an intake member having an open end, an exhaust member, and a deflector. The exhaust member has an open end and extends coaxially with the intake member. The deflector is positioned along an interior surface of the intake member. The deflector defines a surface that slopes towards the open end of the intake member. The deflector is configured to direct liquid in the intake member towards the open end of the intake duct.

Abstract: Various embodiments of the present invention feature a self-heating or self-cooling container that is simple in design. The container includes an outer container body, an inner container body, a reactant vessel, a breakable barrier, and a breaking device. The outer container body defines a first chamber and includes a first reactant. The inner container body defines a second chamber. The inner container body is disposed within the first chamber and hold a substance to be heated or cooled. The reactant vessel is provided within the first chamber underneath the inner container body. The reactant vessel contains a second reactant capable of reacting with the first reactant to generate an exothermic or endothermic reaction. The breakable barrier covers the reactant vessel. The breaking device is disposed within the first chamber between the inner container body and the reactant vessel.

Abstract: A cooking system with a hob and several heating elements has at least two control devices. One control devices is a master control device, and the one or more other control devices are slave control devices, wherein the master control device always has a functional priority relative to the slave control devices for controlling the heating elements of the cooking system. The master control device and the one or more slave devices allow two or more individuals to operates the cooking device using separate control devices.

Abstract: A range hood having a carbon monoxide sensor positioned therein is provided. The vent fan of the range hood is activated upon the detection of carbon monoxide so as to increase the ventilation of the cooking area. A visual and/or audible alarm may also be provided. If carbon monoxide levels increase or persist, the range hood may increase the speed of the vent fan to provide additional ventilation. Continued presence of carbon monoxide will result in the sounding of a warning. Interface to external warning devices and systems is also provided.

Abstract: A steam generator comprises a vaporisation chamber in which are arranged at least one heating device, a heat storage body and a water feed device. The heat storage body includes a plurality of small elements that are movably connected together. The steam generator may be connected to a treatment chamber via at least one steam passage.

Abstract: Systems and methods for control of a heating appliance blower that provide improved the transfer of heat generated in the heating appliance. By automatically timing when the heating appliance blower turns ON and OFF, the heat generated by the heating appliance can be more effectively transferred away from the heating appliance as desired by a user, for example, to improve heating efficiency of the heating appliance.

Abstract: The present invention produces a combustion simulation of flames, burning logs and embers in a fuel-burning fireplace or like device. One or more light source(s), such as LEDs, are used to transmit light to and through one or more of an artificial log set and an ember bed. A microprocessor-based controller is used to vary one or more of light intensity and color of the LEDs to simulate a naturally varying glow effect of the ember bed and the log set.

Abstract: An apparatus (10) for radiant energy transfer has at least one radiant energy transfer panel (20) having a light-energy transfer surface (21) and a back surface (23). The back surface has a panel electrode (42) for an electrical connection with the at least one radiant energy transfer panel. The panel electrode is conductively coupled to a first member of a separable flexible conductive fastener. A second member of the separable flexible conductive fastener has a power connection electrode. The power connection electrode is conductively coupled to a power device (12). Mechanically engaging the first and second members of the separable flexible conductive fastener connects the panel electrode on the at least one radiant energy transfer panel to the power connection electrode.

Abstract: A process is provided for producing glucose and other fermentable sugars from a liquid mixture containing anhydrosugars. One example of a process encompasses: 1) water extraction of a anhydrosugar-rich fast-pyrolysis bio-oil fraction that constitutes a residual after removal of volatile impurities, 2) further purification of said anhydrosugar-rich fraction, and 3) solid-phase catalytic hydrolysis of the anhydrosugars to yield glucose and other fermentable sugars. An exemplary application of the process is in the production of ethanol and other sugar-based fermentation products from bio-oil generated via fast pyrolysis of low-cost, high-availability lignocellulosic biomass resources.

Abstract: A drug delivery apparatus of the type which releases a drug in aerosolized form into the inhaled airstream of a person, programmed to release the drug in a pulse which ends a pre-set time before the person is expected to stop inhaling. In doing so, a minimum residence time within the lungs is created, and drug treatment time can be reduced. A corresponding method of controlling a drug delivery apparatus comprises the step of controlling the apparatus to release the drug in aerosolized form into the inhaled airstream of a person in a pulse which ends a pre-set time before the person is expected to stop inhaling.

Abstract: A delivery device for and method of delivering substance, the delivery device comprising: an outlet member through which substance is in use delivered in an entraining gas flow; and a substance supply unit for supplying substance to be entrained by an entraining gas flow as one or both of a vapor or a fine aerosol mist, wherein the substance supply unit comprises a flow channel which is fluidly connected to the outlet member, and a substance supporting element for supporting substance, at least a surface of which is in use disposed in the flow channel.

Abstract: A dose inhalation monitor includes a main body for containing medicine therein, a dose monitoring unit and a transmission device. The main body has a feeding mouth and a bypass communicated spatially with the feeding mouth. The dose monitoring unit is disposed on the main body, and includes a detector capable of detecting and converting a pressure within the bypass into a voltage level and a processor capable of processing the voltage level in order to generate an oral dose of medicine corresponding to the voltage level. The transmission device is connected to the dose monitoring unit for transmitting the oral dose of medicine to a distal receiver after receipt thereof.

Abstract: A mouth to mouth resuscitator device for use by a rescuer for resuscitating a victim, the device comprising a sheet of flexible material having a top surface and an undersurface, the sheet forming a mouth opening, a hollow substantially rigid tube having an external surface, a first end, a second end and a tube length between the first and second ends, a tube passage aligned at least in part with the mouth opening, the tube extending from the undersurface of the sheet to the second end and a self closing one-way valve located within the tube passage to restrict flow from the second end to the first end of the tube and to allow flow from the first end to the second end when a rescuer exhales air into the mouth opening, wherein the external surface of the tube forms at least one recess at a location along the tube length, the recess for receiving a victim's teeth.

Abstract: A gas blender with auxiliary mixed gas outlet for mixing a primary gas, generally air, and a secondary gas, generally oxygen, to obtain a mixed gas having several controlled characteristics. The gas blender may be incorporated into a Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) device. The gas blender controls the mixing to produce the mixed gas having a predetermined mixture setpoint, generally an oxygen percentage, and a predetermined control setpoint, generally a pressure setpoint or flow rate setpoint. The gas blender provides an auxiliary mixed gas source for use by an auxiliary piece of equipment such as a nebulizer or resuscitation bag. The gas blender includes a primary gas inlet passageway, a secondary gas inlet passageway, a gas mixing apparatus, a mixed gas distribution passageway with an auxiliary mixed gas outlet, a gas sensor, a delivery sensor, a mixed gas delivery control valve, a mixed gas controlled passageway, and a controller.

Abstract: A device and method for deagglomerating powder agglomerates for inhalation. The device includes an inlet connected to a chamber and to a powder source for supplying the chamber with powder agglomerates and a flow of gas that define a swirling fluid flow inside the chamber. The device also includes an outlet connected to the chamber for inhalation such that the swirling fluid flow in the chamber can exit from the chamber as a longitudinal fluid flow that is directed along a longitudinal axis of the outlet, and a secondary fluid flow that is directed away from the longitudinal axis of the outlet. A mesh in the outlet prevents powder agglomerates above a predetermined size from traversing the mesh, and reduces the secondary fluid flow relative to the longitudinal fluid flow exiting from the chamber to thereby reduce powder deposition in a mouth and throat of a user.

Abstract: This invention relates to an evaporator which comprises a casing for receiving a liquid, and a heater. The heater comprises a plurality of heating elements which can be heated individually. This invention moreover relates to respirators comprising such evaporators, and to evaporation methods.

Abstract: A ventilation system for intensified breathing that includes both a manual ventilation system and automatic ventilation system. The gas mixture from a gas supply system is supplied to a switching valve that is operable between a manual position and an automatic position. When the switching valve is in the manual position, the inhalation gas from the supply system is guided to a manual ventilation bag. When the ventilation bag is squeezed during manual inhalation, the gas flow from the manual bag is directed to the inhalation limb of the patient circuit. When the manual ventilation bag is released, the pressure within the ventilation bag falls below the exhalation pressure, thereby indicating the beginning of the exhalation phase and the re-inflation of the manual ventilation.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for providing an average signal characteristic profile relating first and second physiological properties, the average signal characteristic profile being derived from signals obtained from different cycles of a cyclically recurring physiological phenomenon. A signal produced from a first cycle of the physiological phenomenon is sampled at a series of data points of a first physiological property to obtain second physiological property values of the first cycle signal at the data points. The signal produced from a second cycle of the physiological phenomenon is sampled at a series of data points corresponding to those of the first series of data points to obtain second physiological property values of the second cycle signal at the data points.

Abstract: An nCPAP device including a generator body defining first and second fluid flow circuits each including a tube and first and second nozzles. The tube defines a passageway forming an axial centerline. The first and second nozzles are associated with the tube and each defines an inlet and an outlet. The inlets are open to a fluid supply, whereas the outlets are open to the passageway. Each nozzle is adapted to emit a fluid jetstream from the outlet along a flow direction axis. The nozzles are arranged such that the flow direction axes are non-parallel relative to each other and relative to the axial centerline. This configuration readily induces vortex shedding during an expiratory phase, thus facilitating jet fluid flow disruption and reducing a patient's work of breathing.

Abstract: A differential pressure transducer determines pressure differentials between respiratory airflows and ambient airflows. Another determines pressure differentials between respiratory airflows and ambient airflows. And another determines pressure differentials between i) respiratory airflows received from a subject and ii) interface airflows received from an area near a cannula. Corresponding respiratory monitoring methods also determine the same.

Abstract: An arrangement and method is provided for controlling operational characteristics of medical equipment. A pressure sensor associated with the caregiver is arranged to sense changes in air pressure that correspond to breathing activity of the caregiver. The pressure sensor may comprise a neckband, headset, or the like. In the arrangement shown, a headset that is worn by the caregiver includes a disposable tube connected to a pressure transducer such that the pressure sensor senses changes in air pressure in the tube. An open end of the tube is positioned near the mouth of the caregiver to receive changes in airflow from the caregiver's mouth. The pressure sensor is in communication with a controller associated with the ventilator. The controller is arranged to control at least one operational parameter of the ventilator, such as the delivery of respiratory support to the patient or actuation of an oxygen flush valve on the ventilator, based upon the changes in air pressure sensed by the pressure sensor.

Abstract: BORDIER MASK is designed with the purpose to help prevent bronchial sickness and others. This mask is composed of two valves. One is the inhale valve and the other is the exhale valve. It also has a hose that connects the mask to the filter holder from the admission valve. The other extreme to the filter holder is installed between the clothing and the body to the chest height to breathe the warm air that is needed to prevent cold sickness. The filter holder may carry filter with or without medical chemicals.

Abstract: A facial mask includes a permeable sheet and a nanometer metal layer coated on a side of the permeable sheet. The permeable sheet is made of adhesive-bonded fabric and is formed with a nose portion, three openings corresponding to eyes and mouth, and multiple split lines. The nanometer metal layer is composed of nanometer gold particles or nanometer sliver particles. A skin care substance layer is coated on the at least one nanometer metal layer. It is very easy and convenient to clean the facial mask, so the facial mask can be used repeatedly.

Abstract: An infant nasal interface mask for use with a nasal continuous positive airway pressure (nCPAP) system including a mask body and a base. The mask body forms a cavity and is defined by a leading portion, an intermediate shell portion, and a trailing portion. The leading portion terminates in a leading edge forming an aperture open to the cavity and having a generally triangular shape for placement over a patient's nose. The trailing portion includes a bellows segment characterized by an increased flexibility as compared to a flexibility of the intermediate shell portion. The base extends from the trailing portion opposite the leading portion and forms at least one longitudinal passage extending through a thickness of the base and fluidly connected to the cavity. The intermediate shell portion is laterally pivotable relative to the base via the bellows segment.

Abstract: A patient interface that reliably and comfortably seals a user's face by providing an oral-nasal mask that includes an integrated nasal interface. The patient interface includes a seal member having an oral cushion portion configured to surround the user's mouth and a nasal interface portion that provides an interface with the user's nose. The seal member, including the oral cushion portion and the nasal interface portion, is a unitary member. Finally, the nasal interface portion remains below the bridge of the nose.

Abstract: A clip for receiving a post. The clip includes a body defining a hole having a diameter less than a select cross-section of the post. The body of the clip is made of a material which is sufficiently pliant to provide for the deformation of the hole to receive the post upon attachment of the clip to the post. Another aspect of the present invention is a gas transmission mask including a post and a clip as described above for attaching a strap to the mask. The post may have a shaft and a head with a cross-sectional dimension of the head being greater than a cross-sectional dimension of the shaft. In addition, the hole may be substantially cylindrical. In this embodiment, the lengthwise axis of the cylindrical hole may be substantially equal in length to the length of the shaft. The pliant body of the clip of the present invention may be made of a pliant thermoplastic such as synthetic rubber, silicone, thermoplastic resin, natural rubber or polyvinylchloride.

Abstract: An infant nasal interface prong device for use with an nCPAP system. The device includes first and second nasal prongs and a base. Each prong includes a bellows segment, a tip, and a lumen. The tip extends from the bellows segment to a tip end and is adapted for insertion with an infant's naris. The lumen extends through the tip and the bellows segment. In an undeflected state, a central axis of the lumen along the bellows segment is transversely offset from the lumen axis at the tip end. The base is connected to each of the nasal prongs and is adapted for coupling to a CPAP generator. The bellows segment renders the corresponding prong highly flexible relative to the base. The offset positioning of the tip end promotes desired positioning of the base/CPAP generator, relative to the patient and more closely conforms to the expected nasal anatomy.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a device for improving a user's breathing includes an upper arch adapted to receive at least some of the user's upper teeth and a lower arch adapted to receive at least some of the user's lower teeth. A hook having an end is coupled to the upper arch. The lower arch includes a recess adapted to receive and position the end of the hook to pull the lower arch forward to facilitate improved breathing.

Abstract: A surgical drape manufactured or fabricated from a polymeric film having a low glare finish and a predetermined coloration for reducing the luminous intensity of light reflected from the surface thereof is provided. Such surgical drape thereby minimizes reflectivity therefrom, and thus eye strain and fatigue. The subject invention includes the use of colorants, dyes, pigments, etc. to form translucent polymeric surgical drapes that absorb a selected range of wavelengths from surface reflected light. More particularly, the use of coloring agents in combination with a textured surface yield a surgical drape possessing reduced luminance and glare, thereby mitigating eye strain and fatigue. The preferred range of reflected light, in order of preference, is 625-700 nm, 520-560 nm, 450-520 nm, 400-450 nm, 600-625 nm, and 560-600 nm.

Abstract: The present invention provides non-invasive, in vivo, DISC-type methods of evaluating structural changes in skin due to a variety of exogenous or endogenous factors. It is possible to develop quantitative and qualitative characterizations of skin. For example, the skin may be characterized based on its structural age rather than its chronological age. Based on the structural age and type of an individual's skin, cosmetic, dermatologic, medicinal or manipulative treatment may be customized. The method is based, in part, on quantification of discontinuities that arise in the skin during normal facial expression. The methods provide for evaluating changes in human skin response that occur over a short term (one day) or long term (one or more years). The methods provide for evaluating the skin's response to cosmetic, dermatologic or medicinal treatment or to any other factor alleged to affect the skin.

Abstract: A method for treating a human's pain has a providing a manikin step being providing a manikin having multiple pain points and multiple treatment points defined on the manikin; a providing at least one contrasted table step being providing at least one contrasted table connecting with the pain points and the treatment points and having a whole nerved-illustration; and a finding a patient's correlative treatment points step being finding the patient's correlative treatment points to at least one of the pain point, Therefore a doctor can heal the patient's treatment points without healing the patient's pain point.

Abstract: A system and method for the preventing unintended surgical instruments and surgical disposables from remaining in the body cavity of a patient post surgically. Individual items are tagged with an RFID transponder tag preferably at the time of manufacture. Then, after an operation is complete, but prior to would closure, the body of the patient is scanned using an RFID reader device, such as, a hand held reader device to detect the presence of any latent RFID tags. As long as no tags are identified it is presumed that the body cavity is free of any unintended items. This avoids sponge counting and other overhead intensive methods of accounting for surgical items during a surgical procedure.