Abstract: An aircraft security alarm system uses proximity sensors mounted in adjacent pairs to any access area into an aircraft, The proximity sensors are connected electrically to a battery-powered control box with a miniature LED remote indicator light to identify that the system is activated. When any door or cover over an access area is moved, opened, or otherwise accessed, a switch in one of the pair of proximity sensors detects the movement. The proximity sensor sends a signal to the control box, which in turn triggers a high decibel/high pitch siren/horn that sounds indefinitely until the system is disarmed via a wireless remote control.

Abstract: A method of removing synthetic vision terrain and objects from a graphical display when unsafe to rely on the synthetic vision terrain and objects is provided. The method comprises receiving current position data from at least one sensor, determining when to fade out synthetic vision terrain and objects based on the position data received, and fading out synthetic vision terrain and objects gradually when determined.

Abstract: A facility display unit three-dimensionally displays an image of the facilities identified by a facility identifying section 6 on a wide-area map according to a display mode set by a setting accepting section 1, and zooms in on the image of the facilities. The facility display unit also rotates the image of the facilities simultaneously with the zoom in or after completing the zoom in. This enables a user to roughly check the position of the facilities, and then to grasp an overall image of the facilities.

Abstract: A computer-implemented mapping method is disclosed and includes displaying a first map view of a geographic area on a display of a computing device, receiving a voice or key-press zoom command and generating a first zoom box of a predetermined size on the display relative to the first map view in response to the zoom command, and displaying a second map view of a zoomed geographic area corresponding to the zoom box.

Abstract: An instrument panel for a vehicle that includes a screen that is operable to display at least one object, and wherein the object automatically changes in size when the vehicle changes between a drive mode and a park mode.

Abstract: Embodiments relate to a high voltage device, a semiconductor device including the same and a method of manufacturing the same. The high voltage device may include a semiconductor substrate provided with at least a high voltage device, an isolation layer formed at an area where each device is isolated on the semiconductor substrate, a gate electrode formed on the semiconductor substrate, an insulating layer sidewall formed on both sides of the gate electrode, a source region and a drain region formed by implementing an impurity ion implantation process onto the semiconductor substrate, a first interlayer dielectric formed on the semiconductor substrate, a metal interconnection including at least a PCM pad penetrating through the first interlayer dielectric and connected to the high voltage device for a PCM measurement and a passivation layer for protecting at least one of the PCM pad and/or a PCM test pad.

Abstract: A system and method of selecting a character for display in a communication device having a display and a reduced-key keyboard is provided. One of the plurality of keys on the reduced-key keyboard is selected and a default letter associated with the selected key is displayed. A backspace key is selected to display a cursor in the position of the character on the display. The key associated with the default character is selected again and an alternate character associated with the selected key is displayed in place of the default letter.

Abstract: Methods and systems for improving performance of data decoding using apriori information about the data steam. In one aspect a decoder may determine the degree of lossiness inherent in the data or in the application of the data as a maximum resolution of data to be decoded and may thereby streamline entropy decoding of the data. For example, in DCT-based image data compression coupled with Huffman or other entropy encoding, apriori data may be analyzed to determine the maximum required resolution in bits of the DCT encoded data so as to simplify the entropy decoding. Other aspects optimize DCT decoding computation with faster approximations where the quantization values indicate a higher degree of lossiness or noise in the DCT encoded data. Apriori information may generally comprise values in the quantization table of a DCT encoded image and may be analyzed to determine the maximum symbol size and/or degree of lossiness.

Abstract: Various embodiments of the present invention are directed to demultiplexers that include tunneling resistor nanowire junctions, and to nanowire addressing methods for reliably addressing nanowire signal lines in nanoscale and mixed-scale demultiplexers. In one embodiment of the present invention, an encoder-demultiplexer comprises a number of input signal lines and an encoder that generates an n-bit-constant-weight-code code-word internal address for each different input address received on the input signal lines. The encoder-demultiplexer includes n microscale signal lines on which an n-bit-constant-weight-code code-word internal address is output by the encoder, where each microscale signal line carries one bit of the n-bit-constant-weight-code code-word internal address.

Abstract: A system and method for parsing data formatted in a plurality of encoding schemes at a printer is provided. The method comprises receiving data from at least one host computer at the printer, wherein at least a portion of the data is encoded in a plurality of encoding schemes. The method also includes determining a parser state of the data based on a plurality of characters and/or at least one printer control command associated with the plurality of encoding schemes.

Abstract: A method for operating a signal converter, and to an integrated circuit having a signal converter, in particular an analog-digital converter is disclosed. One embodiment includes a plurality of registers, wherein the signal converter is designed and equipped such that the function of the registers each can be selected variably, in particular by programming corresponding control registers controlling the function of corresponding registers.

Abstract: Information that is required for laying out character string data is entered, as are character string data. The printing attributes for the data are then edited, and are employed to extract contour information. Thereafter, the extracted contour information is employed to determine the information that is to be used as a reference when laying out the character string data, and a layout position is specified. Then, the various data that are obtained are stored as printing data, and the character string data are laid out in a drawing area. Therefore, the printing data can be precisely and easily prepared, without the work efficiency of a user being deteriorated.

Abstract: An internal ADC in a delta-sigma ADC is characterized using inherent delta-sigma ADC circuitry. In one embodiment, a constant DC value is applied as the input signal. The sum of the constant DC value and a feedback signal is integrated. Then, a digital approximation including the integrated sum is generated. The feedback signal is generated and allows ramping of the integrated sum.

Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to provide a DC offset correction means capable of correctly performing DC offset correction even when transmitting a non-modulation signal in radio communication equipment for performing orthogonal modulation by a direct RF modulation method. The DC offset correction device comprises a fixed value setting unit for setting a value for outputting a non-modulation signal with a specific phase from a modulator, a non-modulation signal switch unit for switching between a main signal and the value set by the fixed value setting unit and a DC offset correction control unit for sequentially changing the specific phase of the non-modulation signal outputted from the modulator by sequentially changing the value set by the fixed value setting unit and operating a DC offset correction value to be added to an input signal by a DC offset correction unit, based on feedback signal data generated from the non-modulation signal whose phase is sequentially changed.

Abstract: The electronic test circuit for an integrated circuit to be tested has an input for receiving an analog data stream (23), a programmable digital line emulator (TPE1) for emulating properties of a transmission path and an output for emitting an analog data stream (24) having a signal-to-noise ratio which can be adjusted using the programmable digital line emulator (TPE1).

Abstract: A switching power source device is provided which comprises a reactor 31 connected in a series circuit of a second secondary winding 2c of a transformer 2, a regulatory MOS-FET 18 and a second rectifying smoother 15; and an output controller 19 for controlling the on and off operation of regulatory MOS-FET 18 based on a voltage VO2 applied on a smoothing capacitor 14 of second rectifying smoother 15. Inductance in reactor 31 serves to restrict charging current flowing into smoothing capacitor 14 from second secondary winding 2c so as to clamp voltages induced on first and second secondary windings 2b and 2c of transformer 2 at voltage VO1 on smoothing capacitor 5 in first rectifying smoother 6. This allows first and second diode currents ID1 and ID2 to simultaneously flow respectively through first and second secondary windings 2b, 2c in order to reduce current concentration in either of first and second secondary windings 2b and 2c and reduce power loss incurred in each secondary output circuit.

Abstract: A signal converter capable of stabling converting input signals in an extended operation margin, a radio frequency identification (RFID) tag having the signal converter and a method of driving a RFID tag. The signal converter includes a first signal converter which converts an incoming analog signal into a power signal, a second signal converter which converts the analog signal into a first demodulation signal, a signal amplifier which amplifies the first demodulation signal to output a second demodulation signal such that a value of an externally-supplied reference signal is included in a peak-to-peak range of the second demodulation signal, and a logic signal generator which converts the second demodulation signal into a digital signal in response to the power signal. Because the second demodulation signal has an extended operation margin in converting analog signal into digital signal, stable conversion of the input signals is possible, and rate of recognizing RFID tag is improved.

Abstract: For PWM (pulse width modulation), a counter generates a count signal by counting a clock signal 2n times for one period of the count signal. A PWM circuit generates a PWM signal from an n-bit pulse code modulation (PCM) data. The PWM signal includes a first pulse and a second pulse that are symmetric within one period of the count signal for positive and negative values of the n-bit PCM data. A same pulse width for the first and second pulses is determined by a respective value of each bit of the n-bit PCM data excluding the most and least significant bits of the n-bit PCM data.

Abstract: An LCD driving circuit and method for increasing effective bit(s) of the source driver is disclosed. A reference voltage generator generates a group of compensated reference voltage levels that are interlaced with original reference voltage level of original reference voltage generator. One of the multiple groups of reference voltage levels is selected by one or more least significant bits (LSBs), and is then inputted to digital-to-Analog converter of the source driver under control of the one or more least significant bits (LSBs), thereby effectively and economically enhancing the gray levels of the display on the LCD panel.

Abstract: An echo preventing circuit comprises a filter that is inputted with a first digital signal and outputs a second and a third digital signals; a first DA converter that converts the second digital signal into a first analog signal and outputs the first analog signal; a second DA converter that converts the third digital signal into a second analog signal and outputs the second analog signal; an input/output terminal that outputs the first analog signal or that is inputted with a third analog signal; a subtracting circuit that outputs a fourth analog signal obtained by subtracting the second analog signal from a signal formed by combining the first analog signal and the third analog signal; and an AD converter that converts the fourth analog signal into a fourth digital signal and outputs the fourth digital signal, wherein the filter sets filter coefficients for which the fourth analog signal is a signal formed by removing or attenuating the first analog signal from a signal formed by combining the first analog

Abstract: For example, in order to convert a 6-bit digital signal into an analog signal, a reference voltage generating circuit for generating 17 reference voltages, a first switch circuit having 19 switch pairs each including a MOS transistor for two reference voltages adjacent to each other in accordance with upper four bits, a second switch circuit including a series circuit of 12 MOS transistors and for dividing the difference between the two selected reference voltages using combined ON-resistances into four so as to obtain three intermediate voltages, and a third switch circuit for selectively outputting the lower voltage of the two selected reference voltages or one of the three intermediate voltages in accordance with lower two bits, are provided.

Abstract: A lookahead pipelined ADC architecture uses open-loop residue amplifiers with calibration. This approach is able to achieve a high-speed, high-accuracy ADC with reduced power consumption. In one aspect, an ADC pipeline unit includes a plurality of lookahead pipeline stages (i.e., an ADC lookahead pipeline) coupled to a calibration unit. The ADC lookahead pipeline uses open-loop residue amplifiers. The calibration unit compensates for non-linearity in the open-loop amplifiers.

Abstract: Systems and methods for minimizing delay in a feedback path. In one embodiment, an analog-to-digital feedback path includes an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) configured to receive and digitize an analog signal such as an amplifier output to produce a serial digital output. A serial interface receives and parallelizes the serial digital output to produce a parallel data words that are provided to a processing unit such as a decimator. The processing unit processes the data words to produce a digital feedback signal which can then be used to modify an input signal, such as a digital audio input to the amplifier. A delay minimization subsystem is implemented in the feedback path to monitor a delay between generation of parallel data words by the serial interface and consumption of the parallel data words by the first processing unit. The delay minimization mechanism may be implemented in multiple channels of the feedback path.

Abstract: A system and method for converting an analog signal to a digital signal is disclosed. The system includes a multiphase oscillator preferable a rotary oscillator, a sample and hold circuit, an integrator and a time-to-digital converter. The multiphase oscillator has a plurality of phases that are used in the time-to-digital converter to measure the time of a pulse created by the integrator. The edges of the pulse may optionally be sharpened by passing the pulse through a non-linear transmission line to improve the accuracy of the measurement process. To cut down on noise a tuned power network provides power to the switching devices of the rotary oscillator. Calibration is performed by fragmenting the sample and hold circuit and integrator and performing a closed loop calibration cycle on one of the fragments while the other fragments are joined together for the normal operation of the sample and hold and integrator circuits.

Abstract: An A-D converter includes an A-D converter circuit, a D-A converter circuit, a subtraction circuit, a second amplifier circuit, a reference voltage control circuit, a timing control circuit 18, an amplifier control circuit 19, and an output circuit. The reference voltage control circuit controls the range of reference voltage in the A-D converter according to a step or stage of conversion in the A-D converter. In particular, the reference voltage control circuit performs a control so that the range of reference voltage in the A-D converter circuit at the time of conversion in the third step is larger than that in the first and the second step.

Abstract: An A-D converter includes a group of resistors, a group of comparators, an encoder and an output unit. The output unit includes a correction circuit. An inverter constitutes the correction circuit. The encoder is shared in a case where the A-D converter converts an inputted analog signal to a two-bit binary code and a case where the A-D converter converts the inputted analog signal to a 4-bit binary code. The correction circuit corrects the output of the encoder when the A-D converter is to convert the inputted analog signal to the 2-bit binary code.

Abstract: A programmable sample rate ADC includes a delta sigma modulator for producing a digital signal, and a programmable decimation filter, that includes X stages of integration, a down-sampling stage for down-sampling by a factor of N, and Y stages of differentiation. The programmable sample rate ADC produces a digital output signal at a substantially constant frequency.

Abstract: One embodiment of the present invention provides a universal remote control, which includes a display screen and a user input mechanism. The universal remote control also includes a processing unit that is configured to display information on the display screen and to accept selection data from the user input mechanism. The universal remote control additionally includes a wireless communication mechanism that is configured to provide communications between the processing unit and an appliance or computer program running on a computer system. The appliance provides information to be displayed on the display screen, and information entered through the user input mechanism is communicated to the appliance. Since the appliance provides the information to be displayed on the display screen and also interprets the entries on the input mechanism, the universal remote control needs no special knowledge about the appliance.

Abstract: A system for identifying an individual, including an imaging radar for receiving radar data pertaining to at least a portion of a skeleton of at least one individual, an imaging module for generating at least one skeletal image of the at least one individual based on the radar data, at least one database including a plurality of skeletal data pertaining to a plurality of individuals, an identification module for comparing the at least one skeletal image with the plurality of skeletal data to determine a match.

Abstract: A wide monitor area can be covered by switching the connection between a plurality of sensors and a transmission/reception device using a switch device of a target detection apparatus in a time division manner. When only two target detection apparatuses are used in positioning a target, the position of a target can be identified according to the information about an area common to both angle ranges covered by the two apparatuses or the total propagation distance information from one apparatus to the other apparatus through each target.

Abstract: Both in potential separation in the microwave path, and in potential separation directly between the two-wire loop and the output circuit, the quality of signal transmission may be negatively affected. A filling level radar device with potential separation within the electronics unit is stated, wherein potential separation does not separate analogue signals but instead separates digital signals or direct-current-free alternating signals. For example, the separation line leads through digital signal connections or alternating-voltage signal connections. As a result of this the expenditure for potential separation may be reduced and the transmission quality may be improved.

Abstract: A phased array system having antennas, non-variable phase shifters, and switches. The non-variable phase shifters are configured to be coupled selectively to a transmitter or a receiver. A non-variable phase shifter is configured to shift a phase of an electromagnetic energy wave that traverses the non-variable phase shifter by a fraction of a period of the electromagnetic energy wave for a range of frequencies of the electromagnetic energy wave. At least one of the fraction and the range associated with the non-variable phase shifter is different from at least one of the fraction and the range associated with other non-variable phase shifters. The switches are configured to couple selectively the antennas to the non-variable phase shifters, the transmitter, or the receiver.

Abstract: A communications system includes a fixed transmitter and a mobile wireless communications device. The fixed transmitter transmits a source signal defined by a character set made up of symbols. At least one of the symbols in the character set is transmitted at a different power level so that the transmitted source signal appears with linearly independent power level time periods. The linearly independent power level time periods are used by the mobile wireless communications device to populate a mixing matrix for signal separation processing.

Abstract: A method for locating a UWB transmitter, without a previously-set reference, using at least one first set of at least three UWB searching transceivers, including first, second, and third transceivers. The method a) synchronizes the three UWB searching transceivers, arranged at three different points, and estimates the relative position of these three points; b) receives, by the three transceivers, signals transmitted by the transmitter to be located; and c) calculates the relative position, with respect to the three searching transceivers, of the transmitter to be located according to the time of travel of the signals, transmitted by the transmitter to be located, to the three searching transceivers.

Abstract: An apparatus based on composite right-handed or left-handed (CRLH) principles to provide a transmission line or antenna structure having a plurality of cells to which one or more feed ports are attached. The apparatus is based on an equivalent circuit Right-Hand (RH) series induction (LR) and shunt capacitor (CR), and Left-Hand (LH) series capacitor (CL) and induction (LL), in which effective permittivity (e) and permeability (m) of the structure are manipulated by the choice of CR, LR, CL, and LL. One embodiment describes mushroom antenna cells (1D or 2D array) in which vias extend up from a feed network on a ground plane through at least one dielectric region to each of a first plurality of conductive elements (plates or strips). Optionally, a second plurality of conductive elements are disposed between first and second dielectric layers to form metal-insulator-metal (MIM) capacitors to lower resonance frequency.

Abstract: An unbalanced antenna having a radiation conductor and a ground conductor provided with a predetermined gap therebetween is provided. At least a predetermined part of the ground conductor, the predetermined part being opposed to the radiation conductor, is left so that it keeps functioning as a pole for forming a near electromagnetic-field distribution together with the radiation conductor opposed to the ground conductor. Further, a part of the reduced ground conductor, the part being near an end at a predetermined distance from the feed section, includes a conductor having low conductivity for obtaining impedance matching. Where the ground conductor is significantly reduced, mode mismatch inevitably occurs. Therefore, at least one part of an external conductor of a coaxial feed line connected to the feed section is covered by a current absorber, so as to forcefully reduce a leakage current. Subsequently, the ground conductor can be reduced and the antenna characteristic can be maintained.

Abstract: The present invention provides a MIMO antenna structure and design. A single dipole antenna stands at the center of a triangle which is formed by three PIFAs antennas, and the three PIFA antennas has equal squint angle relative to the neighbors, that is there is 120° sector angle between any two PIFA axes of three such that the dipole and the other PIFAs forms a tetrahedron. The MIMO antenna structure of the present invention is simpler in mechanics but high efficiency in performance.

Abstract: An antenna for a foldable wireless device is provided. The foldable wireless device and antenna include a first housing and a second housing pivotally connected. A printed circuit board associated with the wireless device comprises a first PCB in the first housing and a second PCB in the second housing. The first and second PCB function as first and second radiating plates respectively. A gap, generally aligned with the pivotal connection separates the first and second PCBs. A short is provided that traverses the gap and connects the first and second PCBs. Radio frequency power is connected to the first and second PCB to supply radio frequency power.

Abstract: A heat-dissipating wireless communication system for a computer device comprises an antenna configured for wireless communications, the antenna configured to dissipate heat generated by the computer device.

Abstract: An apparatus (10, 30, 40, 50) is provided that relates to nanotubes as radiation elements for antennas and phased arrays, and more particularly to a macro-sized RF antenna for mobile devices. The antenna comprises a plurality of nanostructures (16), e.g., carbon nanotubes, forming an antenna structure on a substrate (12), and a radio frequency signal apparatus formed within the substrate (12) and coupled to the plurality of nanostructures (16). The radiation element length of a nested multiwall nanotube (161) of an exemplary embodiment may be tuned to a desirable frequency by an electromagnetic force (163).

Abstract: A mobile communication device (1) is provided with an antenna (10) having an antenna element (10a) and a conductive ground element (26) to cooperate with the antenna element. In use, RF currents are generated in the conductive ground element and as a result an oscillating electric field arises. The conductive ground element is arranged in the device (1) such that the point of highest electric field is located away from the region where the earpiece (5) is positioned in order to reduce the emission of the electric field to the ear (12). The conductive ground element (26) may be provided in a conductive layer of the Printed Circuit/Wire Board (24) of the device. The point of highest electric field in a in a conductive layer arises at the end of the physical path near a physical end of the layer, which in a conventional flip-phone typically corresponds to the top of the first hinged body part (2) where the earpiece (5) is also positioned.

Abstract: A system, apparatus and method for a diverse spectrum antenna is disclosed. The diverse spectrum antenna may comprise a circuit board having a ground plane and a chip antenna including a notch, wherein the chip antenna is mounted on the circuit board at a selected distance from the ground plane.

Abstract: A multiple-element antenna for a wireless communication device is provided. The antenna comprises a first antenna element having a first operating frequency band and a floating antenna element positioned adjacent the first antenna element to electromagnetically couple to the first antenna element. The floating antenna element is configured to operate in conjunction with the first antenna element within a second operating frequency band. A feeding port connected to the first antenna element connects the first antenna element to communications circuitry and exchanges communication signals in both the first operating frequency band and the second operating frequency band between the multiple-element antenna and the communications circuitry. In a wireless mobile communication device having a transceiver and a receiver, the feeding port is connected to both the transceiver and the receiver.

Abstract: Systems and methods for a directional antenna and methods for manufacturing the same are described. One system and method includes a plurality of antenna elements. Groups of the antenna elements cooperate to form a directional antennas. In one configuration, a first element is configured as a driven element and a second element is configured as a delayed element. The elements are separated by a distance such that an RF signal radiated from the driven element constructively combines with a delayed RF signal radiated by the delay element. In another configuration, the second element can be configured as the driven element and the first element configured as the delayed element.

Abstract: An antenna tube configured to accommodate a grounding clip and an antenna the antenna tube having a cylindrical tube having an upper end and an inner end opposite the upper end; a circumferentially extending groove in the cylindrical tube located between the upper end and the inner end; and a tapered lip at the inner end of the cylindrical tube, wherein the grounding clip fits between the circumferentially extending groove and the tapered lip, and at least a portion of the antenna slidably fits into the upper end of the cylindrical tube.

Abstract: An antenna comprising a crossed pair of center-fed end-loaded bent-dipole radiators which are structurally embedded into a properly loaded cavity. Broadband, dual independent polarized, and hemisphere field-of-view coverage with low RCS characteristics is provided with this antenna.

Abstract: In a folded dipole antenna, both ends of a first dipole portion with a feeding portion are connected to both ends of a second dipole portion so that a slot portion may be formed, and the first and the second dipole portion have a width for generating a linearly-polarized wave in a slot mode (in a longitudinal direction) when an RFID chip is mounted on the feeding portion. A terminal of a chip is actually connected to an antenna terminal of the feeding portion of the folded dipole antenna to realize a tag.

Abstract: A multi-user wireless communication system for use in an enclosed space includes a distributed aperture antenna having multiple apertures distributed along an outer shield of the antenna. The apertures allow radiated energy to leak from the antenna and form low-power, localized electric fields that can couple receivers to the antenna. The multiple electric fields ensure that the electric field strength is distributed evenly throughout the communication system. The low-power electric fields also reduce the likelihood of electric field leakage that may cause interference with other communication systems outside the enclosed space.

Abstract: A circuit board has a first face and a second face opposite to the first face. An antenna element is mounted on the first face. A shield cover is attached to the second face. The shield cover includes a polygonal base portion, a first wall provided on a first side of the polygonal base portion, a second wall provided on a second side of the polygonal base portion, a third wall provided on a corner defined by the first side and the second side, and disposed between the first wall and the second wall, a first extending portion extended from the first wall so as to overlap with the third wall, and a second extending portion extended from the second wall so as to overlap with the third wall. The shield cover is soldered on the second face.

Abstract: Location determination is performed using a transmitter including an elongated generally planar loop antenna defining an elongation axis. The elongation axis is positioned along at least a portion of a path. A magnetic field is then generated which approximates a dipole field. Certain characteristics of the magnetic field are then determined at a receiving position radially displaced from the antenna elongation axis. Using the determined certain characteristics, at least one orientation parameter is established which characterizes a positional relationship between the receiving position and the antenna on the path. The magnetic field may be transmitted as a monotone single phase signal. The orientation parameter may be a radial offset and/or an angular orientation between the receiving position and the antenna on the path. The antenna of the transmitter may be inserted into a first borehole to transmit the magnetic field to a receiver inserted into a second borehole.