Abstract: The main object of the present invention is to provide an inorganic nanoparticle being a skutterudite compound, expected to realize the quantum effect, and a method for producing the same. The object of the present invention is achieved by providing an inorganic nanoparticle being a skutterudite compound, having the average particle size in a range of 2 nm to 100 nm.

Abstract: A composite having an electroactive polymer coating on a porous carbon structure is disclosed. The composite may be used in capacitor electrodes. The composite may be made by self-limiting electropolymerization of a monomer on the carbon structure.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a thermosetting resin composition for a high speed transmission circuit board, more particularly to a thermosetting resin composition having superior dielectric characteristics with low dielectric constant and dissipation factor and having superior glass transition temperature, heat resistance after moisture absorption, dielectric reliability, adhesion to copper film, workability, dispersibility of inorganic filler, electric characteristics, etc., and thus being useful for a copper clad laminate for high speed signal transfer.

Abstract: A component involving a substrate, a layered structure arranged on the substrate, and a barrier layer arranged over the layered structure, wherein the barrier layer has the reaction product of an epoxy resin and a polymeric polyol.

Abstract: This invention concerns a thermosetting resin system that is useful in the manufacture of high performance prepreg, laminate and composite materials as well as, prepregs, laminates and composites made from the thermosetting resin composition.

Abstract: The use of multilayer film structure comprising at least two unfilled layers of polymeric material substantially devoid of opacifying agent and at least two filled layers of polymeric material wherein said filled layers comprise at least 5% by weight of opacifying agent for providing improved tear-resistance in an opaque polymeric film, particularly a polyester film.

Abstract: The invention provides spray coatings to achieve circumferentially non-uniform seal clearances in turbomachines. In steam and gas turbines it is desirable to assemble the machines with elliptical seal clearances to compensate for expected casing distortion, rotordynamics or phenomena that cause circumferentially non-uniform rotor-stator rubs. The claimed invention allows the casing hardware to be fabricated round, and a spray coating is applied to the radially inner surface such that the coating thickness varies circumferentially, providing the desired non-uniform rotor-stator clearance during assembly.

Abstract: A cap nut to be enveloped in a casting made of casting material includes a substantially cylindrical body. The body has a first end and a second end adjacent to a top end surface of the body. The body has a hole and an outer peripheral surface to be enveloped in the casting material. The body has an exposed surface adjacent to the hole at the first end thereof, and the exposed surface is exposed to an outside of the casting. The body has formed in the outer peripheral surface thereof a tapered surface that broadens from the second end of the body toward the first end. The body has formed in the tapered surface a retaining means for preventing the cap nut from falling off from the casting. The body is installable in and removable from a pattern for forming a sand mold at the tapered surface.

Abstract: When an aluminum plate is bonded directly to a ceramic substrate by cooling and solidifying molten aluminum which is injected into a mold so as to contact the ceramic substrate arranged in the mold, an additive, such as a TiB alloy, Ca or Sr, for decreasing the grain size of the aluminum plate to 10 mm or less while preventing the drop in thermal conductivity of the aluminum plate from the thermal conductivity of a pure aluminum plate from exceeding 20% of the thermal conductivity of the pure aluminum plate is added to the molten aluminum. When an aluminum alloy plate of an aluminum-silicon alloy is bonded directly to a ceramic substrate by cooling and solidifying a molten aluminum-silicon alloy which is injected into a mold so as to contact the ceramic substrate arranged in the mold, an aluminum-silicon alloy containing 0.1 to 1.5 wt % of silicon and 0.03 to 0.10 wt % of boron is injected into the mold.

Abstract: The present invention relates to multiple layer aluminum brazing sheet having a core, a braze cladding, and an interliner therebetween that, when fabricated in the fully annealed condition (O-temper), forms a continuous and dense dispersoid band in the core in addition to having an additional sacrificial layer for exceptional post brazed corrosion resistance. This present invention also relates to the process used to fabricate these alloys.

Abstract: A multi-layer sliding part is prepared by a process including mixing 1–50 parts by volume of a Cu-plated solid lubricant powder with 100 parts by volume of a Cu-based alloy powder comprising 5–20 mass % of Sn and a remainder of Cu to form a mixed powder, sintering the mixed powder in a reducing atmosphere to form a sintered mass, pulverizing the sintered mass to form a powder, dispersing the powder formed by pulverizing on a metal backing plate, and sintering the dispersed powder to bond grains of the dispersed powder to each other and to the backing plate. After sintering of the pulverized powder to form bearing metal layer, the bearing metal layer is pressed and densified. After densification, the bearing metal layer is annealed, again pressed, and then coated with a resin having good sliding properties.

Abstract: A structure body having the constitution in which the crystals of more than one types of brittle materials such as ceramics, metalloids, and the like are dispersed, a portion composed of the brittle materials is polycrystalline, the crystals constituting the polycrystalline portion substantially lacks the crystalline orientation, and boundary layers composed of glassy substances are substantially absent in the boundary face between the crystals. Accordingly, it is possible to obtain a structure body composed of more than one types of brittle materials and having novel properties without involving a heating/sintering process.

Abstract: This invention provides an organic electroluminescent element which emits red light with high color purity, high luminance, and high reliability, owing to the compound used therein which has high fluorescence yields and good thermal stability. The organic electroluminescent element which is made up of a glass substrate (1), an ITO transparent electrode (2), a hole transfer layer (6), an electron transfer layer (7), and a metal electrode (3) (which are laminated in the order mentioned), with the hole transfer layer (6) and/or the electron transfer layer (7) being formed of a mixture containing at least one species of the aminostyryl compound represented by the following general formula [I], and a hole blocking layer (30) is interposed between the hole transfer layer (6) and the electron transfer layer (7).

Abstract: Provided is a polymeric fluorescent substance comprising a copolymer which has a substituent containing a specific aromatic amine structure below in the side chain, wherein X1 is a divalent hydrocarbon group; Ar2 is an arylene group or the like; Ar3 and Ar4 independently represent an aryl group or the like. The polymeric fluorescent substance is preferably used for a light emitting layer of a polymer LED having high luminance and high light emitting efficiency.

Abstract: A structure for an organic electroluminescent display. The organic electroluminescent display includes a substrate, an organic light-emitting unit including a first electrode, an organic layer, and a second electrode sequentially stacked on a surface of the substrate, an encapsulation cover made of inexpensive glass bonded to the substrate by a sealant to seal a space containing the organic light-emitting unit, an absorbent disposed on an inside of the encapsulation cover to absorb moisture in the space, and a buffer layer formed between the sealant and the encapsulation cover to increase the degree of curing of the sealant and the adhesion between the substrate and the encapsulation cover. Therefore, damage to the organic layer by moisture present in the space defined between the substrate and the encapsulation cover is prevented, thereby increasing the life span of the display.

Abstract: An organic electroluminescent device includes a hole-injecting electrode, an electron-injecting electrode and a blue light-emitting layer which is provided between the electrodes and contains a host material, a luminescent dopant and an assist dopant for complementing carrier transport of the host material. When the host material is an electron-transporting material, the assist dopant has a smaller absolute HOMO (Highest Occupied Molecular Orbital) energy level than the host material and a higher hole mobility than the host material.

Abstract: An organic light-emitting device comprising a light-emissive organic layer interposed between first and second electrodes for injecting charge carriers into the light-emissive organic layer, at least one of said first and second electrodes comprising a plurality of layers including a first electrode layer having a high resistance adjacent the surface of the light-emissive organic layer remote from the other of the first and second electrodes, said first electrode layer comprising a high-resistance material selected from the group consisting of a mixture of a semiconductor material with an insulator material, a mixture of a semiconductor material with a conductor material and a mixture of an insulator material with a conductor material.

Abstract: A reduced thermal conductivity thermal barrier coating having improved impact resistance for an underlying substrate of articles that operate at, or are exposed to, high temperatures. This coating comprises an inner high fracture toughness layer nearest to the underlying substrate and having a thickness up to about 5 mils (127 microns) sufficient to impart impact resistance to the thermal barrier coating, and comprises a zirconia-containing ceramic composition having a c/a ratio of the zirconia lattice in the range of from about 1.011 to about 1.016 and stabilized in the tetragonal phase by a stabilizing amount of a stabilizing metal oxide selected from the group consisting of yttria, calcia, ceria, scandia, magnesia, india, lanthana, gadolinia, neodymia, samaria, dysprosia, erbia, ytterbia, europia, praseodymia, and mixtures thereof.

Abstract: A ferroelectric film is formed by an oxide that is described by a general formula AB1?xNbxO3. An A element includes at least Pb, and a B element includes at least one of Zr, Ti, V, W, Hf and Ta. The ferroelectric film includes Nb within the range of: 0.05?x<1. The ferroelectric film can be used for any of ferroelectric memories of 1T1C, 2T2C and simple matrix types.

Abstract: Ultra smooth as-deposited composite nickel coatings for use in an information storage system are provided. The composite nickel coatings include an electrolessly deposited nickel layer formed on a sputter deposited nickel layer. The composite nickel coatings have an as-deposited surface roughness of less than about 10 ?. Embodiments include formation of the composite nickel coating on a disk, followed by deposition of an underlayer and magnetic layer thereon to form a magnetic recording medium.

Abstract: On a principal surface of a glass disk substrate, a texture comprising a combination of an isotropic texture for stabilizing a flight of a magnetic head flying and traveling over a magnetic disk and an anisotropic texture for imparting a magnetic anisotropy to a magnetic layer of the magnetic disk is formed.

Abstract: A stack structure of a fuel cell according to an aspect of the invention includes a plurality of separators of the fuel cell, and a protruding portion which has a tip portion that contacts a reference portion of an assembly jig during assembly of the fuel cell. Since the tip portion of the protruding portion contacts the reference portion of the assembly jig, an adhesive agent does not come out from the tip portion of the protruding portion. Therefore, it is possible to prevent positioning accuracy in stacking cells from being reduced. The reduction of the positioning accuracy is due to adhesion of the spreading adhesive agent to the reference portion of the assembly jig. In addition, it is possible to prevent a short-circuit from occurring. The occurrence of the short-circuit is due to deformation of the separator caused by making the separator contact the reference portion of the assembly jig.

Abstract: A fuel cell system for supplying electricity to a main motor as a power source includes a fuel cell stack and pumps for supplying a fuel gas and an oxygen-containing gas to the fuel cell stack. The fuel cell system further includes a driving force transmitting mechanism. The driving force transmitting mechanism connects the main motor, the pumps, and the supercharger for driving the pumps and the supercharger by the main motor.

Abstract: A fuel cell power plant system for a moving body includes a drive device (2) for driving the moving body by receiving power,-a power plant (10) having a fuel cell (1) for supplying power to the drive device (2) and a fuel supply device (3) which supplies fuel required by the fuel cell (1) to generate power, and a controller (6). When the moving body has stopped, the controller (6) selects one operating mode from plural operating modes according to the running state of the power plant (10), the fuel cell (1) not generating power to be supplied to the drive device in the plural operating modes, and controls the power plant (10) based on the selected operating mode.

Abstract: The present invention provides a gel fuel, which includes a fuel substance held in a polymeric structure. One embodiment of the composition includes neat methanol, to which a thickening substance, such as that sold commercially under the trade name Carbopol®, is added to impart viscosity, as well as stabilizing and suspending properties. In addition to the thickening substance, a further substance can be added to balance the pH of the gel fuel when needed. In accordance with the invention, a fuel cell cartridge is provided that has at least one aspect that is methanol-permeable, and which may include a fuel vapor permeable layer and it may be comprised of one of a number of various alternative materials. Features within the fuel cartridge can be used to increase surface area of the gel fuel, and to maintain the gel fuel in a desired location within the cartridge.

Abstract: Fuel cells equipped with a self-contained gas- or air-lift which circulates fuel through the channels of the separator plate of the fuel cell via gaseous carbon dioxide produced by the reaction of the membrane electrode assembly and the fuel are provided. Also provided are exemplary self-contained gas-or air-lifts useful for production of these fuel cells.

Abstract: A hydrogen and electrical power generating system that includes a hydrogen source to generate a mixture having hydrogen gas, a ceramic fuel cell to generate power from a first portion of the mixture and a hydrogen separator to generate purified hydrogen gas from a second portion of the mixture using a protonic ceramic membrane. Additionally, a hydrogen and electrical power generating system that includes a hydrogen source to generate a mixture having hydrogen gas, and a reversible fuel cell capable of generating electrical power and purified hydrogen gas from the mixture, where the reversible fuel cell has a protonic ceramic electrolyte. Also, a method of generating hydrogen and electrical power that includes generating electric power from a first portion of a hydrogen gas mixture with a protonic ceramic fuel cell, and generating purified hydrogen gas from a second portion of the mixture with a hydrogen separator.

Abstract: A fuel delivery system for a liquid-type fuel cell and method of use are disclosed. The fuel delivery system includes a fuel tank and a fuel controller. The fuel tank stores a concentrated fuel, which is delivered to a chamber containing a diluted fuel. The fuel delivery is controlled by the fuel controller such that the fuel concentration of the diluted fuel is maintained in an optimal range.

Abstract: A fuel cell comprises a thermal dissipation structure whose connecting element (8) is a shape memory alloy highly conductive at high temperatures, but much less so at low temperatures, which allows the cell to heat up quicker and reach its performance level.

Abstract: The solid oxide fuel cell according to the present invention is directed to a support type or self-support type single cell in which four sides or opposite two sides of corners of the single cell are downwardly bent in an inverted U shape and have gas channels in the inner side and/or outer side with a straight line structure or lattice shape structure, so that a separating plate can be used without gas channels or channel support. A smooth flow of a reaction gas is implemented in the directions of the air electrode and the fuel electrode of a single cell.

Abstract: A solid oxide fuel cell electrode is stable during thermal cycling and includes a plurality of discrete geometric elements lightly packed on the electrolyte surface. Preferably, the geometric elements are regular hexagons, creating a “Thoneycomb” pattern electrode.

Abstract: Electrocatalyst powders and energy devices fabricated using electrocatalyst powders and methods for making energy devices. The energy devices, such as fuel cells, have improved performance over a range of operating conditions.

Abstract: A device is provided having a cathode capable of catalytically reducing oxygen, an anode capable of catalytically oxidizing hydrogen, and an electrolyte in contact with both the anode and cathode. The cathode and/or anode contain transition-metal phosphates with the formula M1—M2PxOy. zH2O, where M1 is a platinum group metal and M2 is a transition metal.

Abstract: A solid oxide fuel cell includes a cathode, a solid ceramic electrolyte, and an anode comprising a cermet containing an environment tolerant catalyst, such as a fuel starvation and/or a sulfur tolerant catalyst.

Abstract: A non-aqueous electrolyte cell is provided having improved cell characteristics and which maintains a cell shape encapsulated in a laminate film even when overdischarged to a cell voltage of 0 V. The cell includes an anode, an electrolyte, and a cathode containing a compound having the formula LixFe1-yMyPO4, wherein 0.05?x?1.2 and 0?y?0.8, and wherein M is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Mn, Cr, Co, Cu, Ni, V, Mo, Ti, Zn, Al, Ga, Mg, B and Nb. Exposed portions of an anode current collector and a cathode current collector prevent internal shorting of the cell.

Abstract: A method includes the steps of: with the use of a winding core having a first member wherein its cross sectional-area in the direction orthogonal to the revolving axis and the peripheral length of the cross section are larger than those of a second member, passing a strip-shaped separator between the first member and the second member, placing one strip-shaped electrode plate near the second member such that the plate is not in contact with the winding core, and winding for one revolution the one electrode plate and the strip-shaped separator toward the first member; placing another strip-shaped electrode plate between the inner and outer portions of the separator that have been revolved along with the one electrode, winding both electrodes along with the separator toward the first member by revolving the winding core; removing the winding core and pressure-molding the resulting wound article into a flat wound electrode assembly.

Abstract: A battery contact to engage with and to conduct electricity from a terminal of a battery where the battery contact is made from an elongate wire formed to define a) a torsional region of a substantially straight section of the wire and b) a battery terminal contact region extending substantially laterally from the torsional region at a first end of the torsional region, the battery terminal contact region including a battery terminal contact point, and c) a restraining leg of the wire extending substantially laterally from the torsional region at a second end of the torsional region, where the battery terminal contact region is resiliently rotatable relative to the restraining leg about the torsional region, but wherein the displacement of the battery terminal contact region and restraining leg are biased back to an original angular condition as a result of torsional rigidity provided by the torsional region such that in use, the battery contact is supported by a holder in a manner to hold the restraining

Abstract: An electrochemical cell system and methods for controlling the system are provided that are operated to produce an amount of current based upon power draw. The cell utilizes a solution phase catholyte introduced into a cell containing a metallic anode and a catalytic surface. A cathodic species is introduced into the space between the anode and the surface as a liquid along with electrolyte and liquid caustic. The mixture of caustic, electrolyte and liquid catholyte is continuously recirculated through the space, and a portion of the recirculation stream is exhausted in order to control the concentration of reaction products in each cell. Controllable injection mechanisms are used to inject the liquids from storage sources based upon the monitored power draw. The control mechanism independently controls each injection mechanism to inject appropriate amounts of caustic, electrolyte and atholyte to achieve the desired concentrations.

Abstract: The invention is a thin film composite solid (and a means for making such) suitable for use as an electrolyte, having a first layer of a dense, non-porous conductive material; a second layer of a porous ionic conductive material; and a third layer of a dense non-porous conductive material, wherein the second layer has a Coefficient of thermal expansion within 5% of the coefficient of thermal expansion of the first and third layers.

Abstract: Improved solid acid electrolyte materials, methods of synthesizing such materials, and electrochemical devices incorporating such materials are provided. The stable electrolyte material comprises a solid acid in a eulytine structure capable of undergoing rotational disorder of oxyanion groups and capable of extended operation at elevated temperatures, that is, solid acids having hydrogen bonded anion groups; a superprotonic disordered phase; and capable of operating at temperatures of ˜100° C. and higher.

Abstract: A non-aqueous electrolyte rechargeable battery including: (a) a positive electrode capable of charging and discharging lithium; (b) a negative electrode capable of charging and discharging lithium; (c) a separator or a lithium ion conductive layer interposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode; and (d) a lithium ion conductive non-aqueous electrolyte, wherein the positive electrode contains a mixture of a first positive electrode active material and a second positive electrode active material, the first positive electrode active material includes lithium oxide containing manganese, the lithium oxide further contains aluminum and/or magnesium, and the second positive electrode active material includes LixCo1-y-zMgyAlzO2 where 1?x?1.03, 0.005?y?0.1 and 0.001?z<0.02.

Abstract: An electrode plate unit capable of suppressing the internal short circuit caused by flashing that is formed on the end portion of a positive electrode plate and a battery using the same. The electrode plate unit includes a group of electrode plates in which a plurality of positive electrode plates and a plurality of negative electrode plates are laminated alternately via separators, a positive electrode collector plate connected to one side face of the group of electrode plates for connection to the positive electrode plate, and a negative electrode collector plate connected to another side face of the group of electrode plates for connection to the negative electrode plate, wherein the edge portion of the positive electrode plate is protruded from the edge portion of the negative electrode plate on the entire side face excluding the side face to which the negative electrode collector plate of the group of electrode plates is connected.

Abstract: The use of lithium bis(oxalate)borate (LiBOB) as an additive in a lithium secondary battery provides improved battery performance such as long life and high capacity retention after high temperature storage.

Abstract: A non-aqueous electrolyte for a lithium secondary battery is provided. The electrolyte comprises a lithium salt, a non-aqueous solvent, and an organic compound selected from the group consisting of compounds represented by Formulae (1) to (6): wherein R1 to R12 are each independently selected from the group consisting of primary, secondary, and tertiary alkyl groups, alkenyl groups, and aryl groups; X is hydrogen or halogen; and n and m are numerical values ranging from 0 to 3.

Abstract: The present invention provides an image forming method comprising the steps (1) to (5): (1) forming a first negative photosensitive resin layer on a substrate; (2) forming a barrier layer on the first negative photosensitive resin layer; (3) forming a second negative photosensitive resin layer on the barrier layer; (4) exposing the substrate, on which the first and second negative photosensitive resin layers are formed, to light via a photo mask having at least two types of light transmissible patterns; and (5) developing the exposed first and second negative photosensitive resin layers, wherein a photosensitivity ratio of the first negative photosensitive resin layer to the second negative photosensitive resin layer (the first/the second) is more than 1. The invention also provides a color filter, a spacer for a liquid crystal display device, and a projection for orientation control, each of which is formed by the method.

Abstract: A method for aligning an exposure mask comprises: using a plurality of hologram masks, on which an alignment mark is formed; aligning position of the hologram masks toward an object to be exposed and on which an alignment mark is also formed, with a plurality of times by using both alignment marks; and pattern-exposing the object, wherein, while aligning at least three consecutive times, an alignment mark for third time aligning on the object is set in between alignment marks respectively for second time aligning and first time aligning, or at a position on an opposite side to a side in which the alignment mark for second time aligning is located with respect to the alignment mark for first time aligning.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photosensitive member is provided minimizing the absorption of image exposure having a short wavelength in a surface layer and keeping good electrophotographic properties including resolving power. The electrophotographic photosensitive member includes a conductive substrate, and a photoconductive layer and a surface region layer sequentially superimposed on the conductive substrate. The surface region layer is composed of a non-single-crystal silicon nitride film containing an Group element in the periodic table and a carbon atom and using at least a silicon atom and a nitrogen atom as base materials. In the surface region layer, the Group 13 element content with respect to the total amount of constituent atoms has distribution having at least two local maximum values in the thickness direction, and an the average concentration of nitrogen atoms is 30 atm % to 70 atm %.

Abstract: The present invention provides for a light-sensitive photoresist composition useful for imaging thick films, comprising a polymer which is insoluble in an aqueous alkali developer but becomes soluble prior to development, a photoacid generator which produces a strong acid upon irradiation and a photobleachable dye. The invention further provides for a process for imaging the photoresist of the present invention, especially where the thickness of the photoresist is up to 200 microns and where the process comprises a single exposure step.

Abstract: A positive resist composition comprising the components of: (A) a compound capable of generating an acid upon irradiation with one of an actinic ray and a radiation; (B) a resin that is insoluble or slightly soluble in alkalis, but becomes alkali-soluble under an action of an acid; (C) a basic compound; and (D) a compound comprising at least three hydroxyl groups or at least three substituted hydroxyl groups, and comprising at least one cyclic structure.

Abstract: A photosensitive resin composition suitable for forming a thick film and an ultra-thick film used for forming a thick resist pattern used in the process of forming a magnetic pole on a magnetic head and a bump, which comprises (A) an alkali soluble novolak resin, (B) an alkali soluble acrylic resin, (C) an acetal compound, and (D) an acid generator.