Abstract: An oil reconversion devices 1a and 1b for waste plastics which thermally crack a waste plastic Ro by heating it and converts a generated cracker gas Gr into oil by cooling it, equipped with a thermal cracking bath 2 which has a bath main body 4 placed inside a coil 3 . . . , induction-heats the bath main body 4 by feeding a high-frequency current through the coil 3 . . . , and thermally cracks at least a molten plastic Rd obtained from the waste plastic Ro to generate the cracker gas Gr, an injection port 5 through which the waste plastic Ro is injected, a feeder 6 which supplies the waste plastic Ro injected through this injection port 5 to the thermal cracking bath 2 via a forced or direct feeding means Ua or Ub without a bath, and an oil conversion processor 7 which cools and converts the cracker gas Gr generated by the thermal cracking bath 2 into oil.

Abstract: A method is described for process water treatment in olefin plants having at least one process steam generator (W1) and at least one cracking furnace (O) for steam cracking of hydrocarbons. It is proposed to pass the process water for process water stripping to the process steam generator (W1) and to feed the vaporized process water to the cracking furnace (O). The process steam generator (W1) can be connected downstream of a stripping column (T1), the process water, during cleaning of the stripping column (T1), being fed directly to the process steam generator (W1) for process water stripping, bypassing (B) the stripping column (T1).

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for purifying a gas containing contaminants are disclosed. The gas is irradiated with an ultraviolet ray and/or a radiation ray so as to produce microparticles of the contaminants. The resultant microparticles of the contaminants are contacted with a photocatalyst. Then, the photocatalyst is irradiated with light so as to decompose the contaminants held in contact with the photocatalyst. Organic compounds organosilicon compounds, basic gas and the like can be decomposed by the action of the photocatalyst. Even when these species are present at a low concentration, they can be concentrated locally by transforming into microparticles, and hence can be removed.

Abstract: A method for making a perpendicular magnetic recording disk that has a hexagonal-close-packed (hcp) granular cobalt alloy recording layer (RL) containing an additive oxide or oxides grown on an a hcp intermediate layer (IL) involves roughening the surface of the IL. The IL, which is typically hcp Ru or Ru alloy, is deposited at substantially lower sputtering pressure than in the prior art, which results in less of a columnar structure for the IL and a smoother IL surface. The relatively smooth surface of the IL is then modified with ion bombardment, such as by sputter etching in Ar, to provide a “nano-roughed” surface onto which the RL is grown. The roughened surface of the IL promotes the grain segregation in the RL as the RL grows. However, because the IL has less of a columnar structure there are fewer pathways for water and corrosive agents.

Abstract: There is disclosed a manufacturing method of a phase shift mask blank in which dispersions of phase angle and transmittance among blanks can be reduced as much as possible and yield is satisfactory. In the manufacturing method of the phase shift mask blank, a process of using a sputtering method to continuously form a thin film on a transparent substrate comprises: successively subjecting a plurality of substrates to a series of process of supplying the transparent substrate into a sputtering chamber, forming the thin film for forming a pattern in the sputtering chamber, and discharging the transparent substrate with the film formed thereon from the sputtering chamber; supplying and discharging the transparent substrate substantially at a constant interval; and setting a film formation time to be constant among a plurality of blanks.

Abstract: A filtered cathodic-arc plasma source of lower plasma losses and higher output plasma current to input current efficiency is disclosed. Plasma filtering is accomplished in a right angle bend magnetic filter arranged to include the effects of at least three added magnetic coils located at the right angle bend of the filter path. These magnetic coils and other filter attributes, including an array of transverse fins and a magnetic cusp trap in the filter path, achieve desirable magnetic flux paths, lower plasma collision losses and reduced undesired particle output from the plasma filter. Multiple cathode sources, multiple plasma output ports, Larmour radius influence, equipotential magnetic flux lines and electron/ion interaction considerations are also included in the plasma source. Application of the plasma source to film coating processes is included.

Abstract: An electrolytic cell for the production of metal by electrolytic reduction of a metal bearing material dissolved in a molten salt bath, the cell including a shell, and a lining on the interior of the shell, the lining including a bottom cathode lining and a side wall lining including a plurality of fluid ducts positioned against the interior surface of the shell for conducting fluid there through, the fluid ducts extending along the sides of the shell, and communicating with pump means to flow fluid through the fluid ducts.

Abstract: A cell electrode plate in which at least one of opposite widthwise ends of longitudinally discontinuous exposed portions with no coatings made of electrode active material on a core member made of metal foil includes pass-by transition portions for press rolls, the transition portions having a thickness substantially the same as that of the coatings. As a result, without complicating a production line, a core member is prevented from being broken and the production line is operated smoothly so as to attain improved productive efficiency and reduced equipment expenses.

Abstract: An anode for electrowinning aluminium comprises an electrically conductive substrate that is covered with an applied electrochemically active coating comprising a layer that contains predominantly cobalt oxide CoO. The CoO layer can be connected to the substrate through an oxygen barrier layer, in particular containing copper, nickel, tungsten, molybdenum, tantalum and/or niobium.

Abstract: Disclosed are embodiments of a universal electroplating rack and method of using the rack. The universal electroplating rack comprises a main body adapted to accommodate and electrically connect to one or more customized inserts. Each customized insert is adapted to accommodate and electrically connect to a single workpiece. Additionally, both the main body and the customized insert(s) can comprise thief plates configured to improve plating uniformity across the plating surface area of the workpiece(s). Such a universal plating rack ensures a constant plating surface area regardless of workpiece size by varying the dimensions of the customized insert(s) so that universal processing parameters can be used for all workpieces. Consequently, for each new product developed, the universal electroplating racks of the invention will effectively reduce introduction costs, will avoid the need to qualify new electroplating process parameters (e.g., cycle time), and will effectively reduce lead time required.

Abstract: Provided is a facing-targets sputtering apparatus which attains a target unit of large effective length without employment of an elongated target, and enables a film to be formed on a substrate of large area.

Abstract: A substrate holder configured for holding a substrate, the substrate having a peripheral side surface. The substrate holder includes a base configured for supporting the substrate thereon and at least one block provided on the base. The at least one block is structured and arranged for covering a predetermined area of the peripheral side surface of the substrate.

Abstract: Provided is a Co—Cr—Pt—B alloy sputtering target comprising an island-shaped rolled structure formed from a Co-rich phase based on the primary crystal formed upon casting, and a Co—Cr—Pt—B alloy sputtering target in which the island-shaped rolled structure has an average size of 200 ?m or less. This Co—Cr—Pt—B alloy sputtering target has an uniform and fine rolled structure with minimal segregation and residual stress upon casting, and the present invention aims to enable the stable and inexpensive manufacture of the target, prevent or suppress the generation of particles, and to improve the production yield of deposition.

Abstract: A method is provided for fabricating a multilayer printed circuit board, including embedded electrically conductive elements formed as part of the fabrication of the layers of the printed circuit board. An insulating layer and a conductive layer are then pressed over the electrically conductive elements such that the electrically conductive elements protrude from the surface of the conductive layer. A mechanical process is the applied to remove these protrusions to expose the embedded electrically conductive elements. An electrically conductive undercoat may be applied over the surface of the conductive layer and a second circuit pattern is formed over the electrically conductive undercoat.

Abstract: A microelectrode assembly for bio-stimulating and/or bio-sensing a target tissue includes a substrate having a first side and a second side, an array of microelectrodes, each of the microelectrodes including a nano-wire embedded within the substrate and extending from a proximal end at the first side to a distal end at the second side, each nano-wire having a diameter less than 1 ?m. The substrate with the embedded nano-wires is fluid impermeable. The proximal ends of the nano-wires are adapted to be connected to an electronic device and the distal ends are adapted to be disposed in a biological environment for bio-stimulating a target tissue and/or bio-sensing activities of the target tissue.

Abstract: Polymer nanofibers, such as polyaniline nanofibers, with uniform diameters less than 500 nm can be made in bulk quantities through a facile aqueous and organic interfacial polymerization method at ambient conditions. The nanofibers have lengths varying from 500 nm to 10 ?m and form interconnected networks in a thin film. Thin film nanofiber sensors can be made of the polyaniline nanofibers having superior performance in both sensitivity and time response to a variety of gas vapors including, acids, bases, redox active vapors, alcohols and volatile organic chemicals.

Abstract: A gas sensor, a gas concentration detection system and a method of manufacturing the gas concentration detection system are disclosed. A gas sensor carries an individual information identifying section, which stores unique individual information related to the gas sensor. The individual information identifying section includes a two-dimensional information code readable with an image recognition device. The individual information identifying section includes a two-dimensional information code readable with an image recognition device. The gas concentration detecting system comprises, in addition to the gas sensor and the image recognition device, an engine control unit operative to correct a sensor output readout value, which is actually read out from the gas sensor, depending on information related to a sensor output value included in the information code.

Abstract: An electrochemical gas sensor that includes a wick held in contact with an electrode substrate having at least a working electrode and a counter electrode by a spreader plate. The spreader plate is formed as a planar element that includes a series of perforations to reduce the rigidity of the spreader plate. The perforated spreader plate is held in contact with the wick by a pair of spring arms to bias the wick into contact with the electrodes formed on the substrate.

Abstract: The present invention relates to electro-optical modulating display devices and, specifically, to such displays containing oil-in-oil emulsions as the imaging material. Also disclosed is a method of forming an image by movement of liquid droplets through a continuous liquid phase, the method comprising providing an array of pixel elements, each containing at least one separate reservoir of electro-optical imaging fluid comprising a colloidally stable dispersion of an oil-in-oil emulsion.

Abstract: A method for separating a sample comprising a plurality of compounds includes loading a sample onto a planar stationary phase, said sample comprising a plurality of compounds to be separated; and, while retaining the sample on the planar stationary phase, subjecting the sample to planar electrochromatographic separation in a selected direction using a first mobile phase; and subjecting the sample to a chromatographically-based separation in a direction other than that of the direction used for planar electrochromatographic separation using a second mobile phase. Separation is optionally followed by direct detection of analytes using mass spectrometry (MS). These three dimensions of separation are orthogonal to one another, providing for improved resolution of the analytes.

Abstract: Proteins and other analytes that have been separated by electrophoretic means in a gel are transferred to a membrane by conventional blotting techniques, the membrane being a composite of an analyte binding layer and a size retention layer. The pore size of the size retention layer is large enough to allow non-macromolecular ions to pass, yet not large enough to allow the passage of the analytes from the gel, nor antibodies or other macromolecules or reagents in general that might be used in the detection, imaging, or quantification of the analytes.

Abstract: A scanning-matrix type electrophoresis deposition method fabricates nanotube electron emission source. During the electrophoresis deposition process, the electrical field is applied to a single pixel to localize the electrophoresis deposition. The cathode strips on the cathode plate are vertical to the anode strips of the anode plate. A sequential pulse voltage signal is applied to the cathode strips and the anode strips. Therefore only one electrical field is present for one pixel defined by the cathode strip cross with the anode strip at one time and nanotube is formed at that pixel.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing carbon nanotube electron field emitters by do-matrix sequential electrophoretic deposition forms an electric field for only one pixel in the electrophoretic deposition, so that only the electrophoretic area has the electrophoretic effect. Longitudinally aligned cathode electrodes of a cathode plate include a plurality of electron field transmitters at the depositing positions, and anode electrodes of an anode plate perpendicular to the cathode electrodes are preinstalled, and a switch unit provides a potential difference for each cathode or anode electrode by a sequential change, and only one alternating pixel having an electric field between the cathode and anode plates per unit time of the electrophoresis produces a deposition effect in the area for manufacturing a carbon nanotube electron field transmitter, and the sequential voltage change of each cathode or anode electrode is used to achieve the electrophoretic deposition effect for all pixels of the cathode plate.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods for recovering a hydroxide based sorbent from carbonate or another salt by electrochemical means involving separation schemes that use bipolar membranes and at least one type of cationic or anionic membrane. The methods can be used in an air contactor that removes carbon dioxide from the air by binding the carbon dioxide into a solvent or sorbent.

Abstract: Devices and methods for performing separation of cell particles by dielectrophoresis in three dimensions. In one embodiment the device comprises a flow chamber having microfabricated chip with a plurality of vertical and horizontal electrodes, which may be coated with a protective layer to prevent direct contact between any electrode and a sample. The horizontal electrodes are in electrical communication with a DC or an AC power source, while the vertical electrodes are in electrical communication with an AC power source.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel use of a positively charged support, namely as a sample loading support for loading samples onto an IPG (Immobilised pH gradient) gel. The support or paper is provided with positively charged groups, such as cation groups, and is used to load samples from the cathode side of the IPG gel. Furthermore, the invention relates to a kit comprising a positively charged sample application support as above and an IPG gel, preferably a pre-swollen RTG gel comprising an acidic pH-interval.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods and devices for separating particles according to size. More specifically, the present invention relates to a microfluidic method and device for the separation of particles according to size using an array comprising a network of gaps, wherein the field flux from each gap divides unequally into subsequent gaps. In one embodiment, the array comprises an ordered array of obstacles in a microfluidic channel, in which the obstacle array is asymmetric with respect to the direction of an applied field.

Abstract: In general, the invention relates to the design and fabrication of electrophoresis chips, modules, arrays and systems suitable for use in methods associated with micro electrophoresis.

Abstract: An electrophoresis gel has a colored or pigmented loading area at one edge having a plurality of sample wells for receiving samples, the loading area extending beyond the ends of the wells so that the wells can be visually differentiated from the surrounding colored material in the loading area. The remainder of the gel is transparent or substantially transparent.

Abstract: A method for selectively dissolving the beta (?) phase of a titanium alloy out of the surface of the alloy, thereby leaving behind a nano-scale porous surface having enhanced bonding properties with either a biological tissue, such as bone, or an adhesive material, such as a polymer or ceramic by immersing the alloy in an ionic aqueous solution containing high levels of hydrogen peroxide and then exposing the alloy to an electrochemical voltage process resulting in the selective dissolution of the beta phase to form a nano-topographic metallic surface.

Abstract: A process for preparing or regenerating peroxodisulfuric acid and its salts by electrolysis of an aqueous solution containing sulfuric acid and/or metal sulfates at diamond-coated electrodes without addition of promoters is described, with bipolar silicon electrodes which are coated with diamond on one side and whose uncoated silicon rear side serves as cathode being used.

Abstract: The invention is a method for producing Ti or Ti alloys through reduction of TiCl4 by Ca, which can produce high-purity Ti metals or Ti alloys. A molten salt containing CaCl2 and having Ca dissolved therein is held in a reactor cell, electrolysis is performed in the molten salt in the reactor cell, and particulate Ti or Ti alloys are generated in the molten salt by supplying a metallic chloride containing TiCl4 to the molten salt so as to react with Ca generated on a cathode electrode side by the electrolysis, allowing enhancement of a feed rate of TiCl4 as a raw material of Ti, and also a continuous operation. Further, the method by the invention eliminates the need of the separate handling of Ca, because a reducing reaction and an electrolytic reaction can simultaneously proceed in the reactor cell to replenish Ca, consumed in the reducing reaction, by the electrolytic reaction.

Abstract: The invention relates generally to processes for the production of high-basicity and ultr-high basicity polyaluminum chlorides including aluminum chlorohydrate. The processes can produce products of a wide range of basicities and are particularly useful in producing high basicity products. The process can produce a wide range of solution concentrations and are particularly useful in producing high solution concentrations. The processes described generate high purity products, which are free of by-product salt(s). The processes described herein can also be utilized to produce enhanced efficacy polyaluminum chlorides including aluminum chlorohydrate. When compared to conventional processes for manufacturing these compounds the processes disclosed herein are unique in so far as the disclosed processes do not require aluminum metal as a starting material. The products of the processes are suitable in applications including water purification, catalysts, and antiperspirants.

Abstract: An electrolytic processing apparatus can maintain a difference in electric resistance between a recessed portion and a raised portion in the surface of a workpiece, thereby providing a processed surface with improved flatness.

Abstract: Methods are provided for removing conductive materials from a substrate surface. In one aspect, a method includes providing a substrate comprising dielectric feature definitions formed between substrate field regions, a barrier material disposed in the feature definitions and on the substrate field regions, and a conductive material disposed on the barrier material, polishing the substrate to substantially remove a bulk portion of the conductive material with a direct current bias, and polishing the substrate to remove a residual portion of the conductive material with a pulse bias.

Abstract: A substrate processing apparatus can perform an electrolytic processing, which is different from a common, conventional etching, to remove (clean off) a conductive material (film) formed on or adhering to a bevel portion, etc. of a substrate, or process a peripheral portion of a substrate through an electrochemical action. The substrate processing apparatus includes: an electrode section having a plurality of electrodes which are laminated with insulators being interposed, and having a holding portion which is to be opposed to a peripheral portion of a substrate; an ion exchanger disposed in the holding portion of the electrode section; a liquid supply section for supplying a liquid to the holding position of the electrode section; and a power source for applying a voltage to the electrodes of the electrode section so that the electrodes alternately have different polarities.

Abstract: The present invention provides a curable cathodic corrosion protection powder coating, which comprises a thermosetting resin, a zinc borate compound, a curing agent in an amount effective to cure the coating. Further, the present invention also provides a method of cathode corrosion protection which includes the steps of subjecting the substrate to a mechanical treatment, applying to said treated steel surface, the cathodic protective coating, and polarizing the coated material as a cathode.

Abstract: A method is provided, which includes generating a cleaning liquid by a combination of a sparging process and an electrochemical process that produces an anolyte and a catholye.

Abstract: An electrochemically activated fluid is provided, which has an anolyte and a catholyte. For example, a sparged anolyte and a sparged catholyte are provided. In another example, a combined anolyte and catholyte is provided.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are provided for receiving a cleaning liquid having a pH in a range between pH6-pH8 and an oxidation reduction potential (ORP) between ±50 mV. The liquid is converted into an anolyte liquid and a catholyte liquid having respective pHs outside of the range between pH6-pH8 and having respective ORPs outside the range between ±50 mV. The anolyte and catholyte liquids are applied to a surface, wherein the anolyte and catholyte liquids are, for example, in a combined state on the surface and substantially neutralize to a pH between pH6-pH8 and an ORP between ±50 mV within one minute of the time at which the anolyte and catholyte liquids are converted.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a self-standing package suitable for displaying an article. More specifically, the present invention is directed to a slide type blister package.

Abstract: A container having a container bottom and a container wall defining a chamber, wherein a portion of the container wall comprises at least one compartment for accommodating a component.

Abstract: A method, apparatus, and system for double-sided scanning, tracking, registering, identification storing and further handling by trading or collecting unique items. Specifically, the invention relates to a method, apparatus, and system for locating and tracking unique objects utilizing a computer controlled radio frequency system and radio frequency tags that are associated with unique objects in a manner that facilitates both protection, up-loading to a unique and secure web-based service site allowing secure registration of identified, verified ownership and authentication of the unique objects.

Abstract: A hard disk box includes a tray, a cover, and a enclosure. The tray includes a bezel and a bottom plate. The bottom plate includes a locking portion forming a catch. The cover includes a rear wall, and an insert wall extending from a side of the rear wall. A hook extends from the rear wall for engaging the catch of the tray. The enclosure accommodates the bottom plate of the tray and the insert wall of the cover, and is retained between the bezel of the tray and the rear wall of the cover. The enclosure defines an opening in a bottom wall thereof, corresponding to the locking portion of the tray.

Abstract: A container is provided for use in the shipment and storage of consumer electronics. In particular, the container is useful for the shipment and storage of consumer electronics of different sizes, weights and shapes. The container includes a base having a bottom, at least two end walls and at least two side walls. The base includes base partitions forming a plurality of lower cavities for receiving the consumer electronics. The base partitions are spaced from one another and arranged between the end walls and the side walls. Each lower cavity has a width extending between the side walls. The container also includes a bottom surface including a plurality of cover partitions forming a plurality of upper cavities adapted to align with the lower cavities of the base to form compartments configured to store the consumer electronics.

Abstract: The invention relates to a packaging device for securely holding and storing a plurality of discs, comprising a base, and an elongated spindle centrally situated on the base and projecting from the top side of the base in a substantially perpendicular orientation to the base, wherein the spindle is configured to receive and secure a plurality of discs to the base. The packaging device further comprises a removable, substantially circular protective endplate having a central opening for engaging with the top portion of the spindle, the endplate being disposed atop the plurality of discs to protect and secure the plurality of discs to the spindle and base.

Abstract: Apparatus for holding an article such as a disk, the apparatus comprising a hub (5) for holding the disk; a cap (7) moveable between a first position in which it permits the disk to be received by the hub (5) and removed therefrom and a second position in which it prevents the hub from releasing the disk and/or inhibits removal of the disk therefrom; and a security device (8) engageable with the apparatus so as to interact with the cap to secure the cap (7) in said second position. The cap (7) may be a separate item, hinged to the apparatus or carried by a lid portion of the apparatus.

Abstract: A container has an exterior wall and a interior wall that form a reservoir. A top or lid covers the reservoir. The top of lid has one or more orifices that receive a head of a toothbrush, which is immersed in a sanitizing agent contained in the reservoir. A second container engages the first container within a receptacle formed in the first container. The second container contains mouthwash. The close proximity of the toothbrush to the second container encourages the use of mouthwash at the time of brushing, and improves oral hygiene over brushing alone.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for the storage of at least one photomask for lithographic projection and a method for using the device in an exposure installation. A container is suitable for receiving a photomask. The container has a housing, a closable opening device situated at the container housing and serving for the entry and issuing of the photomask, and one gas inlet opening arranged to purge the photomask. The invention also relates to a method for using the device in an exposure installation.

Abstract: A packaging container for displaying and housing products that is aesthetically pleasing, effective and safe to open. The packaging container may include a substantially tear-resistant housing that encloses a tray that is preferably made from a paper material. The tray is substantially opaque to display graphics and/or to prevent viewing of the contents. The tray is preferably seamless such that it may not be opened without scissors, a knife or the like and, when opened, such opening is readily apparent. A second tray may also be used to create a dual-sided tray for housing the products, wherein the second tray may be substantially opaque or substantially transparent. An insert card may be used within the housing to reinforce the container and may be contained by fold-over edges of the housing.