Abstract: This invention methods of etching an aluminum oxide comprising substrate, and methods of forming capacitors. In one implementation, a method of etching an aluminum oxide comprising substrate includes flowing water and ozone to aluminum oxide on the substrate, with at least one of the water and the ozone being at a temperature of at least 65° C. at the aluminum oxide effective to etch aluminum oxide from the substrate. In one implementation, aspects of the method are utilized in forming a capacitor.

Abstract: A compound semiconductor structure is provided, which includes a GaAs-based supporting semiconductor structure having a surface on which a dielectric material is to be formed. A first layer of gallium oxide is located on the surface of the supporting semiconductor structure to form an interface therewith. A second layer of a Ga—Gd oxide is disposed on the first layer. The GaAs-based supporting semiconductor structure may be a GaAs-based heterostructure such as an at least partially completed semiconductor device (e.g., a metal-oxide field effect transistor, a heterojunction bipolar transistor, or a semiconductor laser). In this manner a dielectric layer structure is provided which has both a low defect density at the oxide-GaAs interface and a low oxide leakage current density because the dielectric structure is formed from a layer of Ga2O3 followed by a layer of Ga—Gd-oxide.

Abstract: A copper film is treated by applying light at short wavelengths, e.g., at less than 0.6 ?m, to heat the copper film and generate a large temperature gradient from the surface of the copper to the interface between the copper and underlying silicon. As a result, grain growth in the copper is enhanced.

Abstract: The invention provides a composite textile or material comprising a substrate of high strength fibers, and having a natural or synthetic diamond coating bonded thereto. Preferably, the textile is a high strength fabric including or made from aramide fibers, and the natural or synthetic coating is applied by a process such as plasma or flame spraying, chemical vapor deposition, sintering, or fast pulse laser deposition. The textile or fabric can preferably be used to make or reinforce protective clothing including vests, hats, helmets, jackets, pants, shoes or boots, coats, blankets, rugs, curtains, and the like. The textile or fabric may also include an iodine or iodine containing coating, to absorb radioactive radiation, and to kill airborne pathogens, including bacteria and viruses.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to ion-sensitive, water-dispersible polymers. The present invention is also directed to a method of making ion-sensitive, water-dispersible polymers and their applicability as binder compositions. The present invention is further directed to fiber-containing fabrics and webs comprising ion-sensitive, water-dispersible binder compositions and their applicability in water-dispersible personal care products.

Abstract: A low temperature sintering ceramic composition that can be sintered at a temperature equal to or less than 1000° C. and has low dielectric constant and dielectric loss in a high frequency region of 17 Ghz or more, an electronic component using the same and a method of fabricating the low temperature sintering ceramic are provided. The composition comprises MgO and SiO2 in sum total in the range of from 64.0 to 99.2% by mass; Bi2O3 in the range of from 0.4 to 33.0% by mass; Li2O in the range of from 0.4 to 3.0% by mass; and MgO and SiO2 are contained in the molar ratio of from 2:1 to 2:3.5, at least part thereof being contained as a complex oxide of Mg and Si.

Abstract: A dielectric ceramic composition having a relative dielectric constant ?r of 15-25 allowing formation of a laminated ceramic part having an appropriate size, capable of being sintered at a temperature lower than 800-1000° C. allowing incorporation and lamination of low resistance conductor of Cu or Ag through simultaneous sintering, and having a low dielectric loss tan ? (high Q-value) and a temperature coefficient ?f of resonant frequency has an absolute value not larger than 50 ppm/° C. The dielectric ceramic composition contains 3-30 parts by weight of lead-free low melting point glass containing 50 to 75 wt % of ZnO, 5 to 30 wt % of B2O3, 6 to 15 wt % of SiO2, 0.5 to 5 wt % of Al2O3, and 3 to 10 wt % of BaO, based on 100 parts by weight of major component expressed by a general formula of x?Zn2TiO4-(1?x??y?)ZnTiO3-y?TiO2 where 0.15<x?<0.8 and 0?y??0.

Abstract: Provided is a dielectric composition which, when applied to an electron emitter, enables suppression of reduction of electron emission quantity with passage of time. The dielectric composition contains, as a primary component, a PMN-PZ-PT ternary solid solution composition represented by the following formula PbxBip(Mgy/3Nb2/3)aTib-zMzZrcO3 [wherein x, p, and y satisfy the following relations: 0.85?x?1.05, 0.02?p?0.1, and 0.8?y?1.0; a, b, and c are decimal numbers falling within a region formed by connecting the following five points (0.550, 0.425, 0.025), (0.550, 0.150, 0.300), (0.100, 0.150, 0.750), (0.100, 0.525, 0.375), and (0.375, 0.425, 0.200); z satisfies the following relation: 0.02?z?0.10; and M is at least one element selected from among Nb, Ta, Mo, and W], and contains Ni in an amount of 0.05 to 2.0 wt. % as reduced to NiO.

Abstract: A catalyst having a high catalyst activity, which enables the production of an ?-olefin polymer improved in stereoregularity by decreasing an amorphous component, and a production method for the ?-olefin polymer, are developed. Described are a catalyst for polymerizing ?-olefin comprising a combination of (A) a solid catalyst component containing magnesium, titanium and a halogen as an essential component, which may contain if necessary, a silicon compound, an organoaluminum compound, and an electron donor; (B) an organoaluminum compound; and (C) a compound containing a C(?O)N bond such as an amide or an urea; which may further contain if necessary, (D) a silicon compound or a diether compound; and a production method for an ?-olefin polymer using the same.

Abstract: Catalysts useful for epoxidizing olefins are disclosed. The catalysts comprise a vinylpyridine polymer and a titanium zeolite. Preferably, the vinylpyridine polymer encapsulates the titanium zeolite. The catalysts are easy to prepare and use, they are easy to recover and reuse, and they convert olefins to epoxides in good yields with high selectivity. Surprisingly, ring-opening reactions that form glycol or glycol ether by-products are minimized by using the vinylpyridine polymer-containing catalysts. The catalysts are valuable for making propylene oxide from propylene and hydrogen peroxide. Vinylpyridine polymer-encapsulated transition metals and their use to produce hydrogen peroxide from hydrogen and oxygen is also disclosed.

Abstract: An erasable image forming material includes a color former, a developer, and a binder resin, the color former containing Crystal Violet Lactone and a specific fluorane compound can enhance light fastness as well as heat decolorizing performance.

Abstract: The present invention relates to improved methods and compositions for reducing the viscosity of subterranean servicing fluids where the servicing fluid has been cross-linked to increase its viscosity and that crosslinking can be reversed using a delayed release acid produced to reduce the fluid's pH.

Abstract: The disclosed invention provides a composition that possesses insulation values approaching that of uncompressed foam neoprene. The liquid composition is incompressible and may be formulated to be neutrally buoyant in water. The composition is suitable for a use in a number of applications where insulation is required, including divers' suits and underwater cabins, such as chambers, submersible hulls, and waterproof housings.

Abstract: A decontamination formulation and method of making that neutralizes the adverse health effects of both chemical and biological compounds, especially chemical warfare (CW) and biological warfare (BW) agents, and toxic industrial chemicals. The formulation provides solubilizing compounds that serve to effectively render the chemical and biological compounds, particularly CW and BW compounds, susceptible to attack, and at least one reactive compound that serves to attack (and detoxify or kill) the compound. The formulation includes at least one solubilizing agent, a reactive compound, a sorbent additive, and water. A highly adsorbent sorbent additive (e.g., amorphous silica, sorbitol, mannitol, etc.) is used to “dry out” one or more liquid ingredients into a dry, free-flowing powder that has an extended shelf life, and is more convenient to handle and mix in the field.

Abstract: The invention is a cleaning material for cleaning printing machines. The cleaning material is comprised of a fabric that has been impregnated with a cleaning composition having branched chain monobasic and/or dibasic esters that contain 2-ethyl hexanoate. The cleaning composition can also include additional low volatility solvents and surfactants. A particularly useful cleaning composition is comprised of isobutyl stearate in combination with branched chain monobasic and/or dibasic esters that contain 2-ethyl hexanoate. The cleaning material can be wound onto a roll that can be adaptable to fit commercially available printing machine cleaning devices.

Abstract: Article for use in a dishwashing machine, which comprises a water-soluble glass or ceramic composition effective to reduce corrosion of glassware and at least one surfactant containing composition, wherein the amount of the glass or ceramic composition is within the range of 5 to 95 wt. % and the amount of the surfactant is in the range of 5 to 95 wt. %, both percentages based on the weight of the article.

Abstract: Provided are azeotrope-like compositions comprising pentafluoropropane, methanol, and dichloroethylene, and uses thereof, including use in aerosols, refrigerant compositions, refrigeration systems, and blowing agent compositions.

Abstract: An oil containing starch granule is provided comprising: (a) a starch to form an effective matrix for said granule; (b) an oil, said oil being capable of providing a benefit-additive to a substrate upon contact therewith, said substrate being selected from the group consisting of fabrics, hard surfaces, hair and skin; and (c) an effective amount of an organic compound for inhibiting the migration of said oil to the surface of said starch granule, said compound being represented by the following structure: wherein R1 and R2 are each independently, H or are other structures as defined in the disclosure.

Abstract: Methods and compositions for the treatment of acute pancreatitis in a mammal. Particular compositions comprise a binding element, a translocation element, and a therapeutic element able to prevent accumulation of digestive enzymes within the pancreas.

Abstract: Comblike, surfactant polymers for changing the surface properties of biomaterials are provided. Such surfactant polymers comprise a polymeric backbone of repeating monomeric units having functional groups for coupling with side chains, a plurality of hydrophobic side chains linked to said backbone via the functional groups, and a plurality of hydrophilic side chains linked to said backbone via the functional groups. The hydrophobic side chains comprise an alkyl group comprising from 2 to 18 methylene groups. The alkyl groups are linked to the polymeric backbone through ester linkages, secondary amine linkages, or, preferably, amide linkages.

Abstract: The invention includes methods and compositions for remodeling a peptide molecule, including the addition or deletion of one or more glycosyl groups to a peptide, and/or the addition of a modifying group a peptide.

Abstract: A composition comprising from 0.001% to about 0.4% cyclosporin A, a surfactant, and an oil selected from the group consisting of anise oil, clove oil, cassia oil, cinnamon oil, and combinations thereof, wherein said composition is an ophthalmically acceptable emulsion is disclosed herein.

Abstract: The present invention relates to crystalline etanercept and to methods of making crystalline etanercept; to pharmaceutical compositions comprising crystalline etanercept; and to therapeutic uses of such compositions.

Abstract: Administration of IL-21 results in decreasing autoimmune responses and thereby provides a beneficial treatment for autoimmune diseases. Specific autoimmune diseases that may be treated include multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, psoriasis, ankylosing spondilitis, scleroderma, Type I diabetes, psoriatic arthritis, osteoarthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, atopic dermatitis and asthma. Pharmaceutical compositions can include IL-21 polypeptides and active fragments thereof.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods of treating pathologic conditions associated with intestinal ischemia. In the methods, patients at risk for or suffering from intestinal ischemia are treated with a heparin-binding epidermal growth factor product.

Abstract: Methods are described for preventing or reducing ischemia and/or systemic inflammatory response in a patient such as perioperative blood loss and/or systemic inflammatory response in a patient subjected to cardiothoracic surgery, e.g. coronary artery bypass grafting and other surgical procedures, especially when such procedures involve extra-corporeal circulation, such as cardiopulmonary bypass.

Abstract: The present invention discloses pharmaceutical compositions for the treatment of skeletal dysplasias, comprising as an active ingredient at least one natriuretic peptide. Unexpectedly, it has been shown that the natriuretic factors may be effective for bone elongation in situations of abnormal bone growth especially for achondroplasia. The effects of the natriuretic peptide may be further enhanced by prolonging its residence time or action at the target site.

Abstract: The invention relates to compounds of formula (I) B-Q-X1, wherein B is a bioactive, cell adhesive mediating molecule, selected from the group (i) and Thr-Trp-Tyr-Lys-Ile-Ala-Phe-Gln-Arg-Asn-Arg-Lys (SEQ ID NO: 1) (ii), Trp-Tyr-Lys-Ile-Ala-Phe-Gln-Arg-Asn-Arg-Lys (SEQ ID NO: 2) (iii), Tyr-Lys-Ile-Ala-Phe-Gln-Arg-Asn-Arg-Lys (SEQ ID NO: 3) (iv), Thr-Trp-Tyr-Lys-Ile-Ala-Phe-Gln-Arg-Asn-Arg (SEQ ID NO: 4) (v), Thr-Trp-Tyr-Lys-Ile-Ala-Phe-Gln-Arg-Asn (SEQ ID NO: 5) (vi), Thr-Trp-Tyr-Lys-Ile-Ala-Phe-Gln-Arg (SEQ ID NO: 6) (vii), wherein (i) X, Y, Z, R2, R3, R4, A, Ar, Hal, Het, Het1, n, m, o, p, q, s, t have the meanings cited in claim 1, Q is absent or is an organic spacer molecule, X1 is an anchor molecule selected from the group cited in claim 1, and the salts thereof, which can be used as integrin inhibitors particularly for treatment of illness, deficiencies and inflammations caused by implants and osteolytic illnesses such as osteoporosis, thrombosis, cardiac infarction and arteriosclerosis, in addition to th

Abstract: A pharmaceutical composition, or pharmaceutical agent for treating A? amyloidosis in a patient that has at least one laminin-derived peptide or fragment thereof from the group D-A13, D-HA3G76, D-A4G82, D-A5G81, D-A5G101, D-HA3G47, D-HA3G58, D-HA3G74, D-HA3G83, D-A5G82, D-R-AG73, D-R-A13, D-R-HA3G76, D-R-A4G82, and D-R-A5G81.

Abstract: Dipeptide derived inhibitors of the ?-secretase enzyme are provided which are useful in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease and other diseases characterized by deposition of A? peptide in a mammal. The compounds of the invention provide useful methods of treatment by administration of these inhibitors to reduce A? peptide formation and in pharmaceutical compositions.

Abstract: A flowable nondigestible oil composition having a Consistency in a temperature range of 20° C. to 40° C. of less than about 600 P.sec(n-1). The flowable nondigestible oil contains a liquid polyol polyester having a complete melt point less than 37° C., and a solid polyol polyester having a complete melt point of at least about 37° C., wherein the solid polyol polyester contains a solid saturated polyol polyester capable of forming crystallized spherulites.

Abstract: The invention provides mannose phosphate and salts thereof for increasing vaginal cell growth, vaginal cell maturation and vaginal moisture, as well as compositions, articles and methods for treating and preventing vaginal conditions characterized by poor vaginal cell growth, low vaginal cell differentiation and low vaginal moisture.

Abstract: The present invention discloses compounds of formula I, or pharmaceutically acceptable salts, esters, or prodrugs thereof: which exhibit antibacterial properties. The present invention further relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising the aforementioned compounds for administration to a subject in need of antibiotic treatment. The invention also relates to methods of treating a bacterial infection in a subject by administering a pharmaceutical composition comprising the compounds of the present invention. The invention further includes process by which to make the compounds of the present invention.

Abstract: The present invention provides a vector system comprising a nucleotide sequence coding for an antibody. In particular, the present invention relates to the use of such a vector system in a subject, where the nucleotide sequence is expressed in vivo to produce said antibody.

Abstract: The invention relates to the therapeutic use of oligonucleotides as immunostimulatory agents in immunotherapy applications. More particularly, the invention provides immunomers for use in methods for generating an immune response or for treating a patient in need of immunostimulation. The immunomers of the invention comprise at least two oligonucleotides linked at their 3? ends, internucleoside linkages or functionalized nucleobase or sugar to a non-nucleotidic linker, at least one of the oligonucleotides being an immunostimulatory oligonucleotide and having an accessible 5? end.

Abstract: The present invention relates to: pharmaceutical compositions for inducing apoptosis in cells, the pharmaceutical compositions comprising a prostacyclin synthase gene as an active ingredient; pharmaceutical compositions for gene therapy of cancer, the pharmaceutical compositions comprising the above pharmaceutical compositions for inducing apoptosis as an active ingredient; and a screening method for an agent that induces apoptosis in a cell, the method comprising determining the activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-? in the presence of a test substance. The pharmaceutical composition of the present invention for inducing apoptosis enables treatment of diseases on which induction of apoptosis has a therapeutic effect. In addition, the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention for gene therapy can lead cancer cells to cell death. Furthermore, the screening method of the present invention can be used conveniently to screen for agents capable of inducing apoptosis.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods for a treating a disease or condition relating to blood coagulation and fibrinolysis using p38 MAP kinase inhibitors.

Abstract: A method for the treatment of a patient suffering from an endogenous behavioral disorder in order to ameliorate at least some behavioral aspects of the disorder, the method comprising administering to the patient a therapeutic quantity of at least one ACE inhibitor. Behavioral aspects of endogenous disorders such as attention deficit disorder (ADD), obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), oppositional explosive defiant disorder (OEDD), anxiety and panic disorders (APD) and temper, rage and outburst behavior disorder (TROBD), are ameliorated by a regimen of ACE inhibitor.

Abstract: A fungicidal composition and method of treating plant diseases using a compound of formula I.

Abstract: A compound for use as a photosensitiser in PDT, in photochemical internalisation in the production of a cancer vaccine or in the diagnosis or detection of medical conditions, the compound having a photosensitising chromophoric system, a sulphonamido functionality and a carboxy functionality. The compounds used in the present invention are photosensitisers in PDT in vivo, and show phototoxic activity in vitro. The compounds are used to treat pre-cancerous conditions, cancer, ophthalmological disease, vascular problems, arteriosclerosis and restenosis and autoimmune diseases, skin diseases and other benign conditions, and for anti-microbial treatments.

Abstract: This invention relates to novel lactams of Formula (I): having drug and bio-affecting properties, their pharmaceutical compositions and methods of use. These novel compounds inhibit the processing of amyloid precursor protein and, more specifically, inhibit the production of A?-peptide, thereby acting to prevent the formation of neurological deposits of amyloid protein. More particularly, the present invention relates to the treatment of neurological disorders related to ?-amyloid production such as Alzheimer's disease and Down's Syndrome.

Abstract: This invention relates to novel cyclic malonamides having the formula (I): to their pharmaceutical compositions and to their methods of use. These novel compounds inhibit the processing of amyloid precursor protein and, more specifically, inhibit the production of A?-peptide, thereby acting to prevent the formation of neurological deposits of amyloid protein. More particularly, the present invention relates to the treatment of neurological disorders related to ?-amyloid production such as Alzheimer's disease and Down's Syndrome.

Abstract: New thiol and disulfide-containing maytansinoids bearing a mono or di-alkyl substitution on the ?-carbon atom bearing the sulfur atom are disclosed. Also disclosed are methods for the synthesis of these new maytansinoids and methods for the linkage of these new maytansinoids to cell-binding agents. The maytansinoid-cell-binding agent conjugates are useful as therapeutic agents, which are delivered specifically to target cells and are cytotoxic. These conjugates display vastly improved therapeutic efficacy in animal tumor models compared to the previously described agents.

Abstract: The present invention provides compounds of the following structure, wherein R1, R2, R4, R4?, R6, R7, and R15 are defined above: These compounds are useful in treating neurological disorders or complications due to stroke or head injury; benign or malignant neoplastic disease, carcinomas and adenocarcinomas; proliferative disorders; and inflammatory disorders. The compounds are therefore useful as neuroprotective and neuroregenerative, anti-proliferative, and anti-inflammatory agents.

Abstract: A cytotoxic agent comprising one or more taxanes linked to a cell binding agent. A therapeutic composition for killing selected cell populations comprising: (A) a cytotoxic amount of one or more taxanes covalently bonded to a cell binding agent through a linking group, and (B) a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, diluent or excipient. A method for killing selected cell populations comprising contacting target cells or tissue containing target cells with an effective amount of a cytotoxic agent comprising one or more taxanes linked to a cell binding agent. Novel sulfur-containing taxanes.

Abstract: An amide of the formula I and its tautomeric forms, possible enantiomeric and diastereomeric forms, E and Z forms, and possible physiologically tolerated salts, in which the variables have the following meanings: A —(CH2)p—R1, where R1 can be pyrrolidine [sic], morpholine [sic], piperidine [sic], —NR5R6 and ?and R5, R6 and R7 can, independently of one another, be hydrogen, C1-C4-alkyl, CH2Ph, Ph, CH2CH2Ph, it also being possible for the phenyl rings to be substituted by R6, and p can be 1 and 2, and B can be phenyl [sic], pyridyl [sic], pyrimidyl [sic] and pyridazyl [sic], it also being possible for the rings to be substituted by up to 2 R8 radicals, and D can be a bond, —(CH2)m—, —CH?CH—, —C?C—, and R2 is chlorine, bromine, fluorine, C1-C6-alkyl, NHCO—C1-C4-alkyl, NHSO2—C1-C4-alkyl, NO2, —O—C1-C4-alkyl and NH2, and R3 is —C1-C6-alkyl, branched or unbranched, and which may also carry a phenyl ring, indolyl ring or cyclohexyl ring which is in turn substituted by by [sic] a maximum of two R8 radicals

Abstract: The present invention relates to 6-(4-substituted-anilino)pyrimidine derivatives useful as an antiviral agent, and more particularly novel 6-(4-substituted-anilino)pyrimidine derivatives having an excellent inhibitory effect on replication of Hepatitis C virus; HCV), represented by the following formula I: in which R represents a C1-C4 straight or branched alkoxycarbonyl group, heterocycliccarbonyl group or carboxyalkyl group; and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, a preparation method thereof, and an antiviral pharmaceutical composition comprising the compound as an effective ingredient. The 6-(4-substituted-anilino)pyrimidine derivatives according to the present invention have an excellent inhibitory effect on replication of Hepatitis C virus (HCV) and thus can be advantageously used as a therapeutic or prophylactic agent of hepatitis C.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds useful of inhibitors of protein kinases. The invention also provides pharmaceutically acceptable compositions comprising said compounds and methods of using the compositions in the treatment of various disease, conditions, or disorders.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are methods of treating an individual suffering from, chronic fatigue syndrome. The methods generally include administration of a therapeutic amount of optically pure (S,S) reboxetine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, to the individual. Embodiments of these methods can diminish adverse side effects.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of known 2-phenyl-substituted imidazotriazinones having short, unbranched alkyl radicals in the 9-position and cGMP PDE-inhibitory properties for the production of medicaments for the treatment of cardiac insufficiency, psoriasis, female infertility, cancer, diabetes, ophthalmic disorders such as glaucoma, disorders of gastric motility, cystic fibrosis, premature labour, pulmonary hypertension, bladder disorders, prostate hyperplasia, nitrate-induced tolerance, pre-eclampsia, alopecia, Parkinson's disease, pain, tinnitus or the renal syndrome.