Abstract: An interface circuit includes a detector to detect a particular pattern from a sequence of output data, a shift clock generator to change a cycle of a shift clock according to the detection result, a shift register section to change a data output width by the shift clock and output it as drive data, and an open-drain output section including an N-channel transistor driven by the drive data and a pull-up resistor. The detector detects a sequence where the current output data is “0” and the next output data is “1”, and the shift clock generator shortens and extends the cycles of the shift clock corresponding to “0” and “1”, respectively.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for data encoding such as 3 to 4 encoding (base64, uuencode etc.) is provided. Bytes of data to be encoded having negative values are made positive while preserving the information to be encoded. The positive values may be manipulated by addition (e.g. to a common store) and bit shifting to efficiently obtain encoded data such as by indexing an encoding alphabet.

Abstract: A digitizer arrangement for converting an analogue signal into a digital signal, including a first A/D converter, said first A/D converter being arranged to convert said analogue signal into a first digital signal with a first sampling rate, the first sampling rate being lower than the frequency of the analogue signal, a second A/D converter, said second A/D converter being arranged to convert said high frequency analogue signal into a second digital signal with a second sampling rate, the second sampling rate being lower than the frequency of the analogue signal, means for combining said first and second digital signals into a third digital signal with a third sampling rate that is at least a multiple of said first and second sampling rates.

Abstract: A sigma delta modulator (SDM) data converter system is provided. The SDM data converter system comprises a signal path, a feedback signal path, and a multi-bit quantizer disposed in a feedforward path. The signal path receives an input signal to be processed. The feedback signal path provides a feedback signal that is subtracted from the input signal. The multi-bit quantizer is disposed in the feedforward path so as to receive the input signal after the feedback signal has been subtracted from it. Te multi-bit quantizer uses feedforward dynamic element matching (DEM) to spectrally shape mismatch errors in the SDM data conversion system and produce an output signal, wherein the output signal of the multi-bit quantizer is used for at least a portion of the feedback signal.

Abstract: A sigma-delta modulator is supplied with a data word and includes a first and at least one further modulation stage, each having at least two adders. The adders in the first modulation stage process a low-significance component and a delayed more significant component of the data word and provide a result word and a carry at their respective outputs. The adders in the at least one further modulation stage process a low-significance component and a more significant component of the result word and provide a further result word and a carry at their respective outputs. The low-significance component and the more significant component of the result word are provided to the further modulation stages with an unvarying delay. A bit stream is derived from a carry from final instances of the at least two adders in the first modulation stage and in the further modulation stage respectively.

Abstract: A digital-to-analog converter (DAC) includes a decoder unit for receiving an external digital data signal operating over a first predefined voltage range (i.e., 0-5V); a resistor array for generating a plurality of gray voltages defined across a second voltage range that is substantially wider than the first predefined voltage range, and a voltage selecting unit for selecting one of the gray voltages based on an output of the decoder unit, wherein the decoder unit includes a plurality of decoder stages and first and second boost circuits for generating output signals operating over a third voltage range (i.e., 0-7V) that is substantially wider than the first predefined voltage range while not requiring an additional power supply for producing voltages of the third voltage range (i.e., 0-7V).

Abstract: The invention pertains to a comparison circuit for an analog/digital converter. In order to reduce the effect of the offset voltages of the various comparators of the comparison circuit, voltage followers and a resistor network delivering at its outputs, mean voltages that are the average of those present on outputs of the comparators are linked downstream of the outputs of the comparators.

Abstract: Disclosed is a Syntactic Landmine Detector. The syntactic landmine detector processes a received signal from a ground penetrating RADAR which contains at least one spatial sequence, the spatial sequence containing relative spatial information locating impedance discontinuities. The spatial sequence is then associated with at least one physical characteristic of a landmine.

Abstract: A system having two or more sensors is described. Each sensor has a transmitter and a receiver for signals, a sensor being able to receive a cross echo signal of another sensor. The sensors are also able to receive and evaluate the signals reflected by the other sensor without mutual interference, the sensors being decoupled from one another. In the receive mode, the sensors are temporally separated by the time delay of the transmission and reception signals.

Abstract: The wireless communication device includes a wireless communication transceiver to generate an oscillator control signal and an activation signal, a positioning-system receiver (e.g. a GPS receiver) to process received positioning signals, and a shared oscillator (e.g. a temperature compensated and voltage controlled crystal oscillator TCVCXO) responsive to the oscillator control signal and to generate a reference frequency signal for the wireless communication transceiver and the positioning-system receiver. The positioning-system receiver may control processing of the received positioning signals based upon the activation signal to reduce a noise contribution (e.g. phase noise) due to frequency control of the shared oscillator based upon the oscillator control signal. The activation signal may indicate that the oscillator control signal is being varied to provide frequency control or adjustment of the shared oscillator.

Abstract: A system provides integrated communications, navigation and surveillance capabilities. A plurality of satellites broadcast multiple navigation signals and is capable of two-way communication. At least one monitoring station is capable of receiving the navigation signals broadcast by the satellites and of determining its position based upon the received navigation signals. The monitoring station communicates its computed position to a processing apparatus so that an integrity of the system can be ascertained.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to method and apparatus for geolocation determination. In one embodiment, the disclosure relates to a method for detecting an erroneous satellite measurement by a receiver, including the steps of (a) determining an approximate location of the receiver; (b) for each of a plurality of satellites from which the receiver receives a signal: (i) determining a range difference between an expected range between the receiver and the satellite and a measured range between the receiver and the satellite; (ii) determining a median value of the range differences; (iii) determining an offset value between the range difference and the median value; (iv) comparing the offset value with a predetermined threshold to thereby detect an erroneous satellite measurement.

Abstract: A timepiece comprises a reception subunit, a timekeeping unit that holds internal time data indicative of the current time, storage, and a CPU. The CPU determines whether the internal time data acquired from the timekeeping unit matches correction time data stored in storage, selects a GPS satellite represented by satellite identification data stored in the storage when the determination is affirmative, acquires GPS time data included in navigation data which in turn is included in a GPS signal obtained from the selected GPS satellite, corrects the internal time data based on the GPS time data, and stores the correction time data in correspondence to the satellite identification data representing that GPS satellite.

Abstract: A system, for enhancing location estimates by movable rovers that use receivers for processing ranging signals from orbiting satellites, including a fixed base station that serves as a ranging signal source for the rovers' receivers. The base station may also determine and transmit the azimuthal angles of the respective rovers. The rovers use this information, along with a calculated or transmitted ranges to the base station to calculate the ranging system times at the locations of the rovers. Further, the rovers may use the information along with signals from satellites in view to determine position.

Abstract: An RTK-GPS surveying system for surveying an object includes at least one satellite positioning device as a base station configured to send correction data, a plurality of satellite positioning devices as rover stations configured to receive the correction data, and a server provided in an IP-VPN communication network for establishing communication between the satellite positioning device as the base station and the plurality of satellite positioning devices as the rover stations, each of the satellite positioning devices has a satellite positioning part for receiving radio wave from a satellite, a communication part for performing communication between each of the satellite positioning devices, and a control part for controlling the satellite positioning part and the communication part.

Abstract: A small and light automotive radar having a high detection performance by preventing the road clutter and its in-vehicle positioning is optional is provided. The automotive radar comprises an antenna 1, 2a, 2b equipped with at least one radiating element which radiates linear polarized radio waves; a slit plate 7 which is a metal plate in which a plurality of slits are defined, placed in front of the surface of the antenna; radio wave absorbers 5 provided between the antenna and the slit plate; and a transceiver device which supplies transmit signals to the antenna to radiate radio waves and, from signals acquired by receiving reflection waves which are returned waves of the radio waves reflected by an obstruction, detects a direction in which the obstruction exists.

Abstract: An architecture for minimizing calibration effort in an IEEE 802.11 device location measurement system. The calibration technique is based upon a regression function that produces adequately accurate location information as a function of signal strength regardless of gaps in the calibration data or minimally available data. The algorithm takes a set of signal strengths from known room locations in a building and generates a function giving (x,y) as a function of signal strength, which function may then be used for the estimation of new locations. Radial basis functions, which are simple to express and compute, are used for regression. The fact that the algorithm maps signal strength to continuous location makes it possible to skip rooms during calibration, yet still evaluate the location in those rooms.

Abstract: A method and system for positioning mobile units using angle measurements taken by neighboring mobile units is disclosed. A selected mobile unit and mobile units in the vicinity of the selected mobile unit are selectively instructed to measure and report information related to the position of the selected mobile unit. The reported information is used to compute a position of the selected mobile unit.

Abstract: A system for tracking persons and other assets in a structure, having a multi-function tracking tag and a network of fixed RF receivers forming a gateway array. The location of the person being tracked is calculated by a computer using an algorithm that weights each separate signal according to the probability of its accuracy, thus using data with the least error. A preferred algorithm is shown in FIG. 2.

Abstract: A conductive antenna structure and method for making the same, wherein the method includes the following steps: (a) providing a plastic film substrate: (b) performing a rinsing coating material printing process to let the rinsing coating material position on the plastic film substrate and appear a predetermined antenna pattern; (c) performing an evaporating process for the plastic film substrate to provide a conductive layer thereon; (d) performing a rinsing process for the plastic film substrate to separate the rinsing coating material from the plastic film substrate and let the conductive layer position on the antenna pattern. Therefore, the conductive antenna structure made by the use of the above-mentioned method includes a plastic film substrate made of Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) as well as a conductive antenna that is made of conductive material and is connected to the surface of the plastic film substrate, and has a predetermined first thickness.

Abstract: An antenna comprises a substrate, a grounding element and a radiating element. The grounding element has an opening and is disposed on a first surface of the substrate. The radiating element is disposed on a second surface and electrically connects to the grounding element. A projection on the first surface of the radiating element partially covers the opening.

Abstract: A printed antenna includes a radiation part (10) for radiating and receiving electromagnetic signals, a feed wire (30) for feeding the electromagnetic signals to the radiation part, a matching part (20) for impedance matching, and a ground plane (40). The radiation part includes a first radiation segment (12), a second radiation segment (14), and a third radiation segment (16). The second radiation segment is electrically connected to the first radiation segment and the third radiation segment. The feed wire is electrically connected to the radiation part. The matching part is electrically connected to the radiation part and the ground plane. The second radiation segment and the matching part extend from the first radiation segment to a same side of the first radiation segment.

Abstract: An antenna having a construction enabling simple adjustment of impedance at the antenna connection terminal has a grounded plate; a plate-shape radiating conductor, positioned parallel to the grounded plate; a feed line conductor, one end of which is connected to a feed point of the plate-shape radiating conductor, the other end of which is connected, as an antenna terminal, to an inner conductor of a coaxial cable, and which is perpendicular to the plate-shape radiating conductor; and a conductor disc, electrically connected to the feed line conductor, and positioned parallel to the ground plate, the distance from the conductor disc to the grounded plate being adjustable.

Abstract: A multi-band antenna device for a portable radio communication device has first and second radiating elements (10, 20?). A controllable switch (30) is arranged between the radiating elements for selectively interconnecting and disconnecting thereof. The state of the switch is controlled by means of a control voltage input (VSwitch). A filter (40) comprising a pure resistance that blocks radio frequency signals is arranged between the second radiating element and the control voltage input. By means of this arrangement, two broad and spaced apart frequency bands are obtained with retained performance and small overall size of the antenna device. A communication device comprising such an antenna device is also provided.

Abstract: An antenna element made of an electrically conductive material pattern is printed and formed on a face of a casing made of an electrically nonconductive material having a circuit board housed therein, and the antenna element and the circuit board are electrically connected to each other by a connecting element.

Abstract: An antenna arrangement (1000) for use in an RF communication terminal including a plurality of resonators (1003, 1005, 1007, 1009) formed from a plurality of conducting wires (1002, 1004, 1008, 1010, 1012) the resonators being operable to provide radio frequency resonances in at least two different operational frequency bands (VHF, UHF, 700/800 MHz, GPS ranges) the wires being mutually adjacent and at least three of the wires having different lengths, and a plurality of radio frequency feed channels (113, 115, 117, 119) each being operably connected to an associated one of the resonators to deliver an RF signal between that resonator and an associated radio.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a multiband antenna for vehicles. The multiband antenna includes a Printed Circuit Board (PCB), at least one radiation unit, and a feeding unit. The PCB is formed within a radome that protects the antenna. The at least one radiation unit is formed on the PCB to be optimized as a Hilbert type meander line composed of a single pattern, and is configured to generate multiband resonant frequencies. The feeding unit is configured to apply signals to the radiation unit.

Abstract: In an antenna feed structure for electrically connecting a rotatable antenna to a circuit formed on a circuit board by means of a feeding metallic part, an antenna rotary shaft formed so as to protrude from one end of the antenna and formed of a conductor has a preferably spherical end. The feeding metallic part has a mounting portion, an antenna contact-and-connection portion, and an elastic supporting portion. The mounting portion is mounted to the circuit board. The antenna contact-and-connection portion is brought into contact with and is connected to the end of the antenna rotary shaft. The elastic supporting portion supports the antenna contact-and-connection portion at the mounting portion and produces biasing force towards the antenna rotary shaft from the antenna contact-and-connection portion. The antenna contact-and-connection portion has a recess wall preferably having a spherical shape which is in correspondence with the spherical shape of the end of the antenna rotary shaft.

Abstract: A coaxial cable A12 of a receiving antenna A1, a resin plate A13, and a connecting unit cover A15 are fused by thermal treatment, so that a gap between the outer coating of the coaxial cable A12 and the connecting unit cover A15, and a gap between the resin plate A13 and the connecting unit cover A15 are eliminated, whereby they are integrally configured. An antenna of the antenna unit, a coaxial cable, and a connecting unit cover are fused for coverage, and thereby it becomes possible to improve drip-proofness of the antenna unit by preventing water from entering from the gap between these materials when disinfectant is sprayed by misting, for example.

Abstract: An antenna system operative with a communications device for receiving a radio frequency signal, wherein the communications device produces a first control signal representing a frequency of a received signal. The antenna system comprises an antenna structure for receiving the radio frequency signal, the antenna structure comprising tunable elements for controlling a resonant frequency of the antenna structure; a decoder responsive to the first control signal for producing a second control signal and a switch matrix responsive to the second control signal for configuring one or more of the tunable elements to control the resonant frequency responsive to the frequency of the received signal.

Abstract: Position sensors detect the position of a user's hand position on a mobile communication device. A controller dynamically adjusts the source impedance of a transmitter and/or receiver in the mobile communication device based on the user's hand position to compensate for variations in the load impedance caused by the user's hand position.

Abstract: Embodiments of a beam-reconfigurable patch antenna are described generally herein. Other embodiments may be described and claimed.

Abstract: A base station antenna system producing a beam, includes an array antenna rotatably mounted with respect to an antenna support so as to permit azimuth steering of the antenna beam and an azimuth position rotation arrangement configured to rotate the array antenna with respect to the antenna support about an antenna axis. The rotation arrangement further includes an actuator mounted on the antenna support having an operator adapted to move linearly along an operator motion axis parallel to the antenna axis when the actuator is energized. A motion converter is coupled between the actuator and the array antenna, wherein linear movement of the operator along said operator motion axis produces rotary movement of the antenna about the parallel antenna axis.

Abstract: An antenna that includes, in at least one embodiment, first and second radiating elements each having a substantially conical radiating surface. Each radiating surface may be substantially linearly conical or nonlinearly conical. The radiating surfaces are substantially aligned coaxially, and the radiating elements are positioned on opposing sides of a signal launching region, extending in opposing directions from the signal launching region. A signal feed extends through the first radiating element, thereby positioning a signal launch point between the first and second radiating elements in the signal launching region proximate vertices of the first and second radiating surfaces. The first and second radiating elements have first and second included angles, respectively, that are each no less than about 40 degrees.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a wideband antenna with omni-directional radiation comprising two conductive arms placed on a substrate one of the two arms, called second arm, is supplied by a shielded line by using the other arm, called first arm.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a contoured dipole antenna. The antenna is suitable for ultra wide band (UWB) radio communications, and in particular UWB applications requiring antennas of small size. Elements of the dipole antenna have a curvature designed to make the antenna UWB over a desired range. Embodiments of the antenna may take the form of balanced dipole arrangements, unbalanced half-dipole arrangements, geometric arrays, and arrays distributed over a contour. In addition, embodiments of the invention may be used with or without ground planes.

Abstract: A dipole antenna comprising a base; first and second pairs of dipoles positioned in front of the base and arranged around a central region; a first feed line which extends from the base towards the dipoles and splits at a first junction positioned in front of the base into a first pair of feed probes each of which is coupled to a respective one of the first pair of dipoles; and a second feed line which extends from the base towards the dipoles and splits at a second junction positioned in front of the base into a second pair of feed probes each of which is coupled to a respective one of the second pair of dipoles. The feed probes are spaced from the dipoles so as to field-couple with the dipoles. In one embodiment, the first pair of feed probes is positioned on a first side of the dipoles and the second pair of feed probes is positioned on a second side of the dipoles opposite to the first side. In another embodiment, the dipoles are printed on a PCB.

Abstract: A vertically polarized traveling wave antenna is omnidirectional, bottom-mounted, and bottom-fed. A robust center coax provides a self-supporting mechanical structure. Multiple dipoles are capacitively coupled to the coax in quads, with a first two dipoles placed on opposite sides of the center coax and spaced by a quarter wavelength along the coax from the second two, which couple at right angles to the first two. This matched-layer spacing cancels the reactive components of the impedances of the dipoles. Beam tilt is readily incorporated over a wide range by adjusting layer spacing to add phase taper. All dipoles are oriented parallel to the coax axis, with opposite “hot” (center coupled) dipole elements oriented oppositely to each other. A radiated signal thus has rotating phase, when viewed from above, but is vertically polarized at each azimuth. A lightweight radome, provided for weather protection, is not needed for structural integrity.

Abstract: An antenna device which is connected to a radio module performing radio communications with a system using a first band and a system using a second band, has an antenna element which transmits/receives radio signals in the first and second bands. The antenna device has first and second matching circuits corresponding to the first and second bands, and also disposes a switching circuit between the first and second bands and the radio module. A first filter circuit is connected between the first matching circuit and the antenna element. The first filter circuit passes the radio signal in the first band and also attenuates the radio signal in the second band. Meanwhile, a second filter circuit is connected between the second matching circuit and the antenna element. The second filter circuit passes the radio signal in the second band and also attenuates the radio signal in the first band.

Abstract: There is provided a windmill-shaped loop antenna including: a dielectric substrate; a first radiation unit disposed on a top surface of the dielectric substrate and including a metal pattern having loop pieces; a second radiation unit disposed at a bottom surface of the dielectric substrate and including a metal pattern having loop pieces arranged not to face the loop pieces of the first radiation unit; and a plurality of identical transmission line from a center of the top and bottom surfaces of the dielectric substrate to the first and second radiation units, which form windmill-shaped metal pattern with the first and second radiation unit.

Abstract: A composite conductor assembly is configured as a core composed of polymeric elastomeric material and a conductive layer in intimate surrounding contact with the core. The polymeric material provides elasticity to the core to enable the core to elongate when subjected to strain forces within a tire. The conductive layer is fabricated from a low impedance material and may be configured as a composite wherein an inner base metal is selected as a strength member and an outer metallic layer is applied to the base for electrical performance enhancement.

Abstract: In accordance with the invention, the present disclosure is related to a sign display panel for displaying a sign display panel message. The sign display panel includes at least one set of display units. Each display unit of the at least one set of display units includes a plurality of display units. In addition, each of the plurality of display units includes a display unit central processing unit (CPU) configured to execute software instructions associated with the display of the sign display panel message, a display unit memory configured to store the software instructions for execution by the display unit CPU, and a plurality of display elements configured to respond to signals sent from the display unit CPU. The sign display panel also includes at least one interconnect (IC) unit. The at least one IC unit is coupled to a first display unit and a second display unit included in the at least one set of display units.

Abstract: In a driving device for an LCD that enables accurate compensation of sub image data, a memory sequentially stores an image data in a frame unit. A memory controller reads out a previous image data corresponding to a previous frame from the memory, stores a present image data corresponding to a present frame in the memory and outputs the previous image data and the present image data. A first converter converts the present image data into a first sub image data and a second sub image data, and a second converter converts the previous image data output into a third sub image data and a fourth sub image data. A first compensator compensates the first sub image data using the third sub image data, and a second compensator compensates the second sub image data using the fourth sub image data.

Abstract: A system and method for automatically switching display of video signals between a first device and a second device. The system may include a display device with display circuitry for displaying an image on the display in response to a received video signal. The display device may include a first video input port for receiving a first video signal from the first device and a second video input port for receiving a second video signal from the second device. Additionally, the display device may include detection circuitry coupled to the second video input port for detecting the second video signal from the second device, and switch circuitry operable to automatically provide connectivity between the second video input port and the display circuitry to enable display of the second video signal in response to the detection circuitry detecting the second video signal from the second device.

Abstract: A flat panel display including a display panel and a frame is provided. The outer edge of the display panel has a first combining portion, and the first combining portion has a guide angle. The inner edge of the frame has a second combining portion, and the second combining portion is complementary and interferes with the first combining portion in shape so as to fix the display panel on the frame.

Abstract: No need of lowering off-current of a switching transistor, fewer luminance variations of a light emitting element between pixels due to characteristic variations of a driving transistor, and less risk of steps due to increase in the number of wirings. A video signal for light emission or non-emission of a pixel is input to a gate of a current controlling transistor operated in a linear region, which is connected in series with the driving transistor, through a switching transistor. Since a voltage Vds between a source and a drain of the current controlling transistor is small, small changes in a voltage Vgs between a gate and a source thereof do not affect a current flowing in a load. The current flowing in the light emitting element is determined by the driving transistor operated in a saturation region, and a fixed potential is input to the gate thereof during light emission.

Abstract: A front frame has a panel opening in an area corresponding to the display surface of a liquid-crystal panel. In the picture frame that corresponds to the boundary of the panel opening, two through holes are formed in each of the two sides that are parallel to the panel horizontal direction and in each of the two sides that are parallel to the panel vertical direction. Each through hole is oval-shaped, and its longer axis coincides with the direction in which the side extends. Accordingly, when the middle frame is placed under the front frame, panel guide portions formed as parts of the middle frame can be visually seen from outside in relatively large areas.

Abstract: A plurality of subfields configuring a field period include the subfield(s) in charge of an every-cell initialization operation of causing initial discharge in every discharge cell in an initialization period, and the subfield(s) in charge of a selective initialization operation of causing the initial discharge in any predetermined discharge cell in the initialization period. In at least low-luminance subfield, the every-cell initialization operation is performed, and a low-luminance subfield is disposed subsequent to the subfield(s) in charge of the every-cell initialization operation. In at least either a sustain period of the subfield in charge of the every-cell initialization operation or a sustain period of the low-luminance subfield, the width of a first sustain pulse P1 is set wider than the width of a second sustain pulse P2, and the width of the second sustain pulse P2 is set wider than the width of a third sustain pulse and subsequent others.

Abstract: To provide a driving method of a plasma display panel capable of improving a dark contrast while preventing a spurious discharge. A discharge is produced in discharge cells only in an address erasing process for one subfield selected from a plurality of subfields constituting a unit display period, so that the states of the discharge cells are changed to a non-light emitting state. An address writing process for producing a discharge in the discharge cells so as to set the discharge cells to a light emitting state is performed before the address erasing process in the first one of the subfields. In this case, in either of the address writing process and the address erasing process, the discharge is produced between one of the row electrode pairs and the column electrodes by supplying a voltage for charging the column electrodes to a negative polarity between the one of the row electrode pairs and the column electrodes.

Abstract: Display panel comprising two plates, separated by a gas-filled space partitioned by separating elements forming an array of barrier ribs, and arrays of coplanar sustain electrodes and address electrodes; with each cell subdivided into a trigger zone at each of the intersections of an address electrode with a sustain electrode and into at least one coplanar discharge expansion zone that extends between the trigger zones the array of barrier ribs is designed so that, in each cell, each coplanar expansion zone has a width that is less than the width of all the trigger zones. By applying a method of driving the sustain discharges in the display panel by matrix triggering, the luminous efficiency is very substantially improved.