Abstract: A sigma-delta modulator includes a first adder, a filter, a quantizer and a digital-to-analog converter. The first adder receives an input signal and an analog signal and subtracts the analog signal from the input signal to output a processed signal. The filter receives the processed signal to output a filtered signal. The quantizer receives the filtered signal to generate an output signal. The quantizer works based on a first positive reference voltage and a first negative reference voltage. The digital-to-analog converter generates the analog signal according to the output signal and outputs the analog signal to the first adder. The digital-to-analog converter works based on a second positive reference voltage and a second negative reference voltage. A difference between the first positive reference voltage and the first negative reference voltage is smaller than a difference between the second positive reference voltage and the second negative reference voltage.

Abstract: The linearity of switched-capacitor, pipeline digital to analog converters is improved by balancing the settling behavior of its pre-charge switches. In more detail, a switched capacitor DAC includes a number of substantially identical cells, one cell for each bit of an input digital word. A number of switch driver circuits are used to apply respective switch control signals to turn respective switches on and off. Advantageously, the switch control signals differ by an amount determined to equalize the gate-to-source voltage difference between different switches.

Abstract: A digital-to-analog converter generates a monotonic sequence of reference voltages and selects an arbitrary pair of reference voltages, adjacent in the monotonic sequence. One of the selected reference voltages is supplied through a resistor and a switching device, connected in series, to the output terminal of the converter. The other selected reference voltage is supplied through another resistor and another switching device, connected in series,.to the same output terminal. This arrangement saves space, and enables variations in the output voltage levels to-be kept within tolerance by use of resistors with sufficiently high resistance values.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for generating a digital signal representative of the pairing error between the channels of an analog digital conversion system with time interleaving, a method for suppressing the errors thus calculated and an analog digital conversion system with time interleaving using same. The present invention proposes a less complex digital solution since it does not require the extraction of the defects of the signal at the output of the converter. It makes it possible to correct the pairing errors by the direct creation of digital signals representative of these errors, and their subtraction from the digitized signal at the output of the conversion system. An object of the invention is a method for generating a digital signal representative of the pairing error between the channels of an analog digital conversion system with time interleaving (CAN 10) comprising an analog digital converter (CAN1, CAN2,...,CANN) on each channel.

Abstract: A system and method for converting an analog signal to a digital signal is provided including a first circuit (22) having a signal range and an input for receiving a first signal, and a second circuit (24) having an input receiving the analog signal and a first output coupled to the input of the first circuit. The first circuit (22) includes an amplifier (28). The first circuit (22) samples the first signal and produces the digital signal from the first signal using the amplifier. A second output of the second circuit (24) is coupled to the amplifier (28). The second circuit (24) samples and scales the analog signal via the amplifier (28) to produce the first signal within the signal range and cancels an offset of the first signal. The system and method reduce power consumption and save device area.

Abstract: A delay line, an analog-to-digital converting device and a load-sensing circuit using the same are provided. The delay line comprises a delay-control terminal, a reset terminal, n delay cells DCELLx (0<x?n). The delay cells DCELL1˜DCELLn are connected in series to each other. Each of the delay cells DCELLx is coupled to the delay-control terminal and the reset terminal for transmitting the first level stage by stage between the delay cells according to a delay time decided by the delay-control terminal in a sensing period. The outputs of all delay cells are reset to the second level when the sensing period is finished. The sensing period is decided by the signal from the reset terminal. Wherein, at least an Output tenninal ty (0<y?n) of a delay cell DCELLy among the delay cells DCELL1˜DCELLn used as output terminal of the delay line.

Abstract: A circuit (1a) having analog circuits processes an analog input signal (Vin). The circuit (1a) having the analog circuits sends a coefficient s1 to a coefficient detection/control circuit (1b). The coefficient s1 indicates a predetermined property of each of the analog circuits provided in the circuit (1a). The coefficient detection/control circuit (1b) processes and detects the coefficient s1 as a signal value so as to detect the property of the analog circuit. The coefficient detection/control circuit (1b) sends a control signal s2, which is obtained according to a result of the detection of the coefficient s1, to the circuit (1a) having the analog circuit. In this way, the coefficient detection/control circuit (1b) adjusts an operation condition of the analog circuit so as to control an operation of the circuit (1a) having the analog circuit.

Abstract: An analog digital converter with switched-capacitor reset architecture. The analog to digital converter (ADC) includes a plurality of pipelined stages, each stage including an analog to digital converter comprising a pair of comparators outputting signals to a multiplying digital to analog converter (MDAC). The MDAC includes an opamp and a reset circuit connected to inputs of the opamp, the reset circuit including first and second capacitors and switching circuitry for precharging each of the first and second capacitors to a difference between the input and output common-mode voltages of the opamp, and during a reset phase of the MDAC, connecting the first capacitor between a positive input and a negative output of the opamp and connecting the second capacitor between a negative input and a positive output of the opamp to reset the opamp.

Abstract: A wave absorber of the present invention includes a sequentially laminated structure including an conductor layer (11) made of a conductive material; a first dielectric layer (polycarbonate substrate (12) and bismaleimide-triazine substrate (13)) made of one layer or a multilayer of a dielectric material; and a patterned layer (14) including a plurality of a pattern made of the conductive material, wherein the conductor layer, the first dielectric layer, and the patterned layer are laminated sequentially, and each pattern in the patterned layer (14) is different from other adjacent patterns with respect to at least one of size and shape. Therefore, the wave absorber has sufficient reflection-attenuating capability to prevent communication failure caused by a reflection of a radio wave and so on, can be thin-sized and reduced in weight, and has a wide-band attenuation property.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for reformatting terrain data that in turn increases compressibility of the terrain data. The method includes storing each sample of terrain data as a signed integer offset in hundreds of feet from a previous sample of terrain data; compressing the each sample of terrain data using RLE compression; and further compressing each sample of terrain data using Huffman compression. The signed integer offsets may be mapped to unsigned integer offsets from a minimum elevation to further reduce storage requirements.

Abstract: The invention refers to a method and device for wideband radar, the method comprising: generating a wideband signal (1, 6) with a bandwidth B; copying the wideband signal (1, 6); transmitting the wideband signal (6?); receiving a returned echo signal (11) from the transmitted signal (6?); dividing the copied signal into a number, Nf, of subsequent frequency bands b; manipulating the copied and divided signal into an anticipated signal (10) by adding a number Nd of anticipated delays and a number of ND Doppler stretches to the copied and divided signal for each Nf subsequent frequency band b; dividing the received signal (17) into a number, Nf, of subsequent frequency bands b; correlating corresponding frequency bands in the divided received signal (17) and the anticipated signal (10) giving NdND correlated signals (19) for determining range (R) to a target and velocity (v) of the target.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a radar device and technique for detecting the presence of objects located in the near-field of a frequency modulated, continuous wave (FMCW) radar device. The technique includes transmitting and receiving a frequency modulated signal, generating an intermediate frequency signal based on the transmitted and received signals, and analyzing the frequency content of the intermediate frequency signal. The frequency content of the intermediate signal is analyzed without filtering out a carrier signal.

Abstract: A bistatic radar system having a transmitter that generates unique signals at spatially independent transmitter degrees of freedom and a receiver that filters the signal at each receiver degree of freedom into a group of signals identical in number to the number of transmitter degrees of freedom. The receiver formats the filtered signals into a 2-dimensional array of elements. The receiver rotates the array so that the new axes are aligned with the Doppler gradient. The data is then re-sampled and projected to linearize the clutter signal. The receiver may be integrated with a broad class of adaptive and non-adaptive clutter mitigation approaches such as electronic clutter tuning and projected bistatic space-time adaptive processing, or STAP.

Abstract: Systems, methods and devices for improving the performance of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receivers are disclosed. In particular, the improvement of the ability to calculate a satellite position or a receiver position where a receiver has degraded ability to receive broadcast ephemeris data directly from a GNSS satellite is disclosed. Correction terms can be applied to an approximate long-term satellite position model such as the broadcast almanac.

Abstract: A satellite positioning system receiver having a battery, wherein the receiver is programmed to determine (310) whether the receiver is connected to a power supply other than its battery, to begin continuous reception (320) of satellite positioning system navigation data when the receiver is connected to a power supply other than its battery, and to store (330) the navigation data received in memory of the receiver.

Abstract: A satellite signal adjustable time-division multiplexing receiver for GNSS and a method for acquiring and tracking satellite signal used in the receiver. The present invention executes correlation in an adjustable time-division multiplexing and uses a clock signal with a clock rate to control speed of correlation. The clock rate can be fixed or variable. In the case that the clock rate is variable, when the speed is required to be fast (e.g. in satellite acquisition mode), the clock rate is set to be high clock rate; when the speed needs not be so fast (e.g. in signal tracking mode), the clock rate can be lower down to reduce power consumption. The adjustable time-division multiplexing is arranged for respective domains such as visible satellite, code phase, Doppler frequency and tracking accuracy according to the clock rate.

Abstract: A selectable frequency source for use in GPS receivers. A device in accordance with the present invention comprises a reference frequency source, a first divider, coupled to the reference frequency source, the first divider having a first dividing factor, a first mixer, coupled to the first divider, a filter, coupled to the first mixer, a voltage controlled oscillator, coupled to the filter, a second divider, coupled between the voltage controlled oscillator and the first mixer, the second divider having a second dividing factor, and a second mixer, coupled to an output of the voltage controlled oscillator, for mixing a GPS signal with the output of the voltage controlled oscillator, wherein at least one of the first dividing factor and the second dividing factor is changed to change a frequency output of the voltage controlled oscillator.

Abstract: A satellite positioning device comprising: a timing synchronisation circuit arranged to provide timing data for location estimation. The circuit being arranged to, in a first mode, provide the timing data in dependence on at least one received satellite positioning signal without the assistance of a location estimate and, in a second mode, provide the timing data in dependence on at least one received satellite positioning signal with the assistance of a location estimate, the timing synchronisation circuit being arranged to switch between the first and second modes of operation in dependence on whether the timing synchronisation circuit is providing the timing data.

Abstract: Portable Battery operated asset mount GPS tracking apparatus, having a processor, GPS receiver and a satellite or cellular modem. Incorporated with a low power consumption RF transceiver, the transceiver is designed to communicate at time interval with a home base station RF transceiver unit, located within the communication range of the GPS tracking unit. When the GPS unit is present within communication range of home base unit, the GPS unit's receiver, satellite or cellular modem power circuitry is in “Off” position. If and when a subject or asset carrying GPS unit, moves out of communication range from home base unit, the GPS unit transceiver circuitry within a predetermined time detects RF communication signal loss, and “Power's On” GPS tracking unit receiver and satellite or cellular modem circuitry. The method provides user automatic asset movement tracking, and conserves GPS unit battery consumption, and provides longer period of portable GPS unit operation.

Abstract: A global positioning system (GPS) receiver capable of simultaneously receiving a global positioning system signal and a frequency modulation sub-wave signal includes two antennas, one for receiving a GPS signal and the other for receiving a frequency modulation (FM) sub-wave signal such that these signals are computed and resolved by a hardware interface, and sent to an electronic device connected with the hardware interface. The electronic device can simultaneously read a positioning coordinate data and a TMC data, so that an electronic map, a navigation system or other GPS software installed in the electronic device can accurately position a current position and provide the traffic conditions of the current position, so that a user can know about the road conditions, plan a path, and decide the best traveling path.

Abstract: A communication system includes a reference station and a mobile station. The reference station is operable to: receive GPS signals; generate GPS assisting data from the received GPS signals; receive SBAS signals; obtain SBAS data from the received SBAS signals; combine the GPS assisting data and the SBAS data to produce combined GPS data; and transmit the combined GPS data via a terrestrial wireless communication. The mobile station is operable to: receive the GPS signals; receive the combined GPS data via the terrestrial wireless communication; and generate positioning data from the mobile received GPS signals and the combined GPS data.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus relating to signal inconsistency detection of spoofing (SIDS), i.e. the use of inconsistencies in signals received at a plurality of points in space to detect spoofing.

Abstract: Measurements of frequency and/or phase are taken at the signal ports (S1-S4) of an ISS device (10). These measurements are used to determine phase errors within the ISS device, and phase errors due to the antenna cables (C1-C4). On port, (e.g., S1) is selected as the reference port and then, based on these determined phase errors, offsetting phase errors are determined to correct the phase for the other ports (e.g., S2, S3, S4) with respect to the reference port. The signals at the antenna ports (A1-A4) are then in phase when an omnidirectional antenna pattern is desired from the TCAS antenna array (16). One in embodiment the frequency of the calibration signal is fixed; in another embodiment two different, fixed frequencies are used; and in still another embodiment the frequency is swept to achieve a predetermined measured phase difference.

Abstract: A handheld GPS device has a device body. A base band processor is installed in the device body. Three antennas with high directivity are respectively installed perpendicular to three surfaces of the device body for receiving GPS signals. A control device is coupled to the base band processor and the antennas with high directivity. Three switches are respectively coupled to the control device and each of the three switches corresponds to one of the three antennas with high directivity. One of the switches being triggered enables the control device to permit the base band processor receiving GPS signal from the corresponding antenna with high directivity.

Abstract: A portable wireless terminal generates and transmits a beacon signal. The beacon signal includes a sequence of beacon signal bursts, each beacon signal burst including one or more beacon symbols. A beacon symbol is transmitted using the air link resources of a beacon symbol transmission unit at a relatively high transmission power level with respect to user data symbols transmitted from the same wireless terminal, thus facilitating easy detection by other wireless terminals. The beacon symbols of the beacon signal occupy a small fraction of the total available air link resources. Beacon signals can, and sometimes do, convey wireless terminal identification information, via the location of the beacon symbols within the portion of the air link resource reserved for beacon symbol transmission units.

Abstract: Techniques for accurate position location and tracking suitable for a wide range of facilities in variable environments are disclosed. In one aspect, a system for position location comprises a plurality of sensors (e.g. a network monitor, an environment sensor) for generating a measurements of a plurality of sources, a plurality of objects or tags, each object generating measurements of the plurality of sources, and a processor for receiving the measurements and generating a position location for one or more objects in accordance with the received measurements. In another aspect, a position engine comprises a mapped space of a physical environment, and a processor for updating the mapped space in response to received measurements. The position engine may receive second measurements from an object within the physical environment, and generate a position location estimate for the object from the received second measurements and the mapped space. Various other aspects are also presented.

Abstract: A secure localization method for wireless networks utilizes access point variable transmission power capability to transmit encoded localization signals at different power levels to a wireless device in the network. Based on the particular combination of encoded signals collected by the wireless device and reported back to a network controller, the location of the wireless device may be determined in conjunction with information contained in a location database.

Abstract: A method of multilaterating the position of a target, including the steps of deploying a plurality of time synchronized receiving units in a network that allows the receiving units to communicate with a central processor; receiving a target signal from the target at each receiving unit; determining a time of arrival for the target signal at each receiving unit; determining position data for each receiving unit at the time when the target signal is received at each respective receiving unit; and using the time of arrival and position data for each receiving unit to determine the position of the target by multilateration. A system for carrying out the method is also disclosed.

Abstract: A dual-band antenna (10) is provided. The dual-band antenna printed on a substrate (30) includes a transmission portion (120), a first radiator (140), a second radiator (160), a first grounded portion (180), and a second grounded portion (190). The transmission portion is used for feeding electromagnetic signals. The first radiator is electronically connected to the transmission portion for transceiving electromagnetic signals with a first frequency. The second radiator is electronically connected to the transmission portion for transceiving electromagnetic signals with a second frequency. The first grounded portion is disposed on a first surface of the substrate. The second grounded portion is disposed on a second surface of the substrate. A length of the second grounded portion is greater than that of the first grounded portion. An antenna assembly is also provided in the present invention.

Abstract: A chip antenna apparatus for receiving global positioning system signals, includes a L-shaped ground area and an omni-directional chip antenna. The L-shaped ground area is disposed on a circuit board. The omni-directional chip antenna is disposed in a gap of the L-shaped ground area on the circuit board and electrically connected to the L-shaped ground area.

Abstract: An antenna that is suitable for transmission and reception of UWB signals is provided. The antenna includes a pair of conducting spheres separated by an air gap. A first conducting sphere is connected to a first conductor of a transmission line and a second conducting sphere is connected to a second conductor of the transmission line. The dual sphere antenna provides consistent performance in the azimuth plane and across the frequency band for UWB applications.

Abstract: A multi-band inverted-F antenna includes a first high frequency leg; a low frequency leg; a feed, from which the first high frequency leg and the low part are extending; a second high frequency leg, extending along a lengthwise direction of the first high frequency leg from one end of the feed pin a plane orthogonal to that of the first high frequency leg; a regulating part; and a ground, having one end coupled to the feed and a further end coupled to the regulating part. From the surface currents flowing from the feed through the first high frequency leg and the second high frequency leg, the antenna is provided with a multiply widened high-frequency band.

Abstract: A Portable communication device includes in an interior of the portable communication device a ground plane and an antenna arrangement. The antenna arrangement includes an antenna element combination including a first radiating antenna element to be connected to a feeding potential and dimensioned for resonating in a first frequency band, and a second radiating antenna element dimensioned for resonating in a second frequency band. The antenna arrangement further includes at least one first element joining switch that in a closed position interconnects elements of the antenna element combination for dimensioning the antenna element combination for resonating in a third frequency band and in an open position separates these elements from each other, and a grounding switch which in a closed position joins the second radiating antenna element to a ground plane and in an open position separates the second radiating antenna element from the ground plane.

Abstract: There is provided a mobile telephone assuring a high reception sensitivity over a wide band without deteriorating the design of the mobile telephone. In the mobile telephone, a helical antenna (4) operating as an antenna for television reception is formed by winding a conductive element along the external surface of the case several times at the upper end of the upper case (1). The helical antenna (4) is impedance-matched by a matching circuit (5) in a range of the order from 470 MHz to 700 MHz which is the television broadcast frequency. The matching circuit (5) is connected to a broadcast reception circuit (6). The broadcast reception circuit (6) operates as a reception circuit for receiving the television broadcast wave.

Abstract: A wide-angle seat for an antenna includes a seat having a shaft and a tab located thereon, a first socket having a first slot on one end thereof and a protuberance on the other end thereof where the two sides of the first slot are not connected with each other, and a second socket having a second slot on one end thereof. The tab of the seat is inserted in the first slot of the first socket, and thereby a wide-angle rotation and shift thereof is achieved. Moreover, the protuberance of the first socket is inserted in the second slot of the second socket, and thereby the seat is driven by the first socket to rotate in a partial range of angle. Furthermore, since the two sides of the first slot are not connected with each other, the seat is able to be positioned after the wide-angle rotation, and the disruption of signal transmission lines resulting from an over-rotation of the seat is also prevented.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a portable terminal including a terminal body and a retractable antenna operatively connected to the terminal body and capable of being retractably housed into and withdrawn out of the terminal body. The retractable antenna includes a base rotatably supported at the terminal body, an antenna rod connected with the base and including at least one telescoping member of extending a length of the antenna rod, and a pivot connection unit connecting the base to the antenna rod and allowing the antenna rod to pivot with respect to the base.

Abstract: A versatile GPS-equipped meter includes a GPS antenna and a GPS processing circuit in an existing meter unit. Posture adjusting members are provided that have different shapes according to an attachment angle ? of a GPS-equipped meter to a vehicle body frame are appropriately selected so as to point a GPS antenna to the sky regardless of the attachment angle ?. In a meter case, an antenna relief part is secured. Accordingly, even if a relative positional relationship between the meter case and the GPS antenna is changed due to a change in the shape of the posture adjusting member, the meter case and the GPS antenna never interfere with each other. Thus, the GPS-equipped meter can be shared with various vehicles without increasing the meter case in size. Therefore, the versatility is improved.

Abstract: The invention is a economical, easy to use, device for mounting a dish satellite antenna onto a recreational vehicle, which is transferrable from one vehicle to another, economical, and enables the user to use either the front or rear mounting to enhance tv reception.

Abstract: A plurality of heating wires 2 have a plurality of detours 1 formed therein, the heating wires 2 have inlets 10 formed therein for connection with the detours 1, and both ends of each of the inlets 10 and both ends of each of the detours 1 are connected by a pair of connection lines 9. When a shorter one of the shortest spacing between the paired connection lines 9 and the shortest spacing between both ends of the inlets 10 is called We, when the maximum width of the detours 1 in a horizontal direction is called Wr, when a received frequency has a wavelength of ?0 in the air, and when the formula of {(Wr?We)/2}=L1 is established, the formula of L1?0.0053·?0 is satisfied.

Abstract: An antenna for use in an automatic meter reading (AMR) module comprises a pin and a radiator. The radiator may be a disk radiator for example, that comprises an opening which may receive the pin. Desirably, the pin is affixed to the radiator at one end, and is disposed on a ground plane at the other end. The antenna may be a top loaded short monopole antenna, for example. Additionally, the antenna may be used in a module for a water meter. The pin and disk radiator may be stamped from a single sheet of material.

Abstract: A pre-engineered, packaged RF transparent barrier for non-penetrating installation on a roof, ground, or other surface can be pre-fabricated in different heights and or widths such that customizable barriers can be implemented without manufacturing costs typical of designing custom antenna gate structures. RF transparent materials reduce potential barrier-caused problems such as interference or reflection of RF signals. The barrier balances RF degradation potential, structural integrity, and cost considerations in its design, fabrication, and installation. A method of fulfilling the requirements for an antenna barrier installation is described.

Abstract: An antenna device includes a seat, a longitudinal antenna member having a lower portion disposed on the seat, and a cylindrical antenna member having a lower portion disposed on the seat and having a chamber formed by an outer peripheral wall, and the longitudinal antenna member is disposed in the chamber of the cylindrical antenna member and spaced from the outer peripheral wall of the cylindrical antenna member for a distance, and the longitudinal antenna member includes an upper portion extended outwardly beyond the cylindrical antenna member. The antenna members may be used for receiving and transmitting signal of different frequencies.

Abstract: An antenna, consisting of a folded looped conductor closed at a feedpoint. The antenna has at least two conductive arms extending from the feedpoint.

Abstract: A wideband antenna has: a rectangular conductor sheet; a bow-tie-shaped slit formed in the rectangular conductor sheet, the rectangular conductor sheet having two apex portions defined by the bow-tie-shaped slit, the two apex portions being opposite to each other in the middle of the bow-tie-shaped slit; an auxiliary antenna element formed to extend along the bow-tie-shaped slit on both sides of one of the two apex portions; a power-feeding portion formed at the one of the two apex portions; and a grounding portion formed at an other of the two apex portions.

Abstract: A high gain, phased array antenna includes a conducting sheet having a number of one or more slots defined therein. For each slot, an electrical microstrip feed line is electronically coupled with a corresponding slot to form a magnetically-coupled LC resonance element. A main feed line couples with the one or more microstrip feed lines. At least one slot and/or microstrip feed line includes at least one segment with greater width than other segments.

Abstract: In a multi-band U-slot planar antenna, a limited ground plane is provided. A connector includes a ground terminal connected to the ground plane and a feeding terminal for feeding a signal. A planar radiation device includes a feeding point connected to the feeding terminal, a central U-slot having a symmetrical configuration about a central axis thereof, the central axis extending vertically from the feeding point, and at least one pair of auxiliary U-slots symmetrical with each other about the central axis. In the multi-band U-slot planar antenna, alternatively, at least one auxiliary U-slot may have a symmetrical configuration about the central axis.

Abstract: A portable electronic device includes a circuit board and an antenna coil installed on the circuit board. The antenna coil includes a magnetic core and a coil wound at either side of an unwound portion. The winding direction of the coil is changed at either side of the unwound portion. When the length of the magnetic core is defined as X and the distance between two intersecting points at which a virtual line formed by projecting the central line of the magnetic core onto the circuit board intersects the outer periphery of the circuit board is defined as Y, the antenna coil satisfies Y?X?0.8Y.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is an antenna device including, a radiator having a feeder, and a planar reflector spaced from the radiator in a radio wave incoming direction, the reflector having at least one slit defined in a side edge thereof.

Abstract: A mobile wireless communications device may include a housing, a main dielectric substrate carried by the housing, circuitry carried by the main dielectric substrate, and a ground plane conductor on the main dielectric substrate. The mobile wireless communications device may further include an-L-shaped dielectric extension comprising a vertical portion extending outwardly from the main dielectric substrate and an overhang portion extending outwardly from the vertical portion and above an adjacent portion of the main dielectric layer. A main loop antenna conductor comprising at least one conductive trace may be relatively positioned on the overhang portion of the L-shaped dielectric extension so as not to overlap the ground plane conductor.

Abstract: An antenna comprises a support structure and a downconverter. The support structure comprises a dish, a supporting assembly, and a connecting element. The supporting assembly comprises a dish bracket unit and a supporting arm to connect to the dish bracket unit. The connecting element between the dish and the dish bracket unit is a medium for connecting the dish to the supporting assembly.