Abstract: An improved traffic light includes interval lights which are controlled by a control unit mounted to the light housing. The control unit allows the use of existing wiring and makes the light periods dynamic, that is, the traffic light periods can be responsive to changes in traffic flow as well as to the approach of emergency vehicles in real time.

Abstract: A system and method controls entry or exit of a vehicle to or from a vehicle lot. A tag transmitter is adapted to be mounted on a vehicle for transmitting a wireless RF signal that includes vehicle data relating to the vehicle. A lane sensor is associated with a vehicle lane through which vehicles pass for at least one of entering and exiting the vehicle lot and is configured to receive wireless RF signals from the tag transmitter when the vehicle is in the vehicle lane, while substantially rejecting wireless RF signals from other tag transmitters mounted on other vehicles within the vehicle lot or in an adjacent vehicle lane. A processor is operatively connected to the lane sensor and receives and processes the vehicle data to validate and control the vehicle's entry or exit to or from the vehicle lot.

Abstract: The present invention provides a sensing keypad of a portable terminal and its controlling method, comprising: placing at least one sensing unit in the keypad area of the portable terminal to form a sensing surface; placing at least one sensing key on the said sensing surface; when a sensing object moves on the said sensing surface, the said at least one sensing unit generates multidimensional coordinates signal corresponding to trajectory of movement of the said sensing object and makes the said portable terminal to scroll through a list of menu items and to highlight one of them as indication of selection; when the said sensing object further press down a sensing key, the said sensing key generates a corresponding ON/OFF switch signal and makes the said portable terminal to confirm the said selection of the said highlighted menu item.

Abstract: The method and network-based system allow transferring information, particularly audio information from a centralised source unit (1), particularly an audio source unit, in digital form over a network (2) to at least one destination unit (3), particularly to an audio destination unit, in which the transferred data are further processed to provide an analogue signal; comprising the steps of a) providing in the centralised source unit (1) a first digital signal, such as a PCM signal, that has been derived from a first analogue signal; b) forwarding the first digital signal in the centralised source unit (1) to the input of a modulator (131), which transforms the first digital signal into a second digital signal that consists of a bit stream, whose mean-value represents the information contained in the first digital signal; c) transferring the second digital signal over said network (2) to the destination unit (3); and d) forwarding the second digital signal in the destination unit (3) to a low pass filter (33)

Abstract: A semiconductor integrated circuit including digital circuits and analog circuits integrated over a single substrate includes the substrate including portions where the digital circuits and the analog circuits are to be formed, and a plurality of deep-wells formed to a certain thickness inside the substrate to surround portions where devices of the digital circuits and devices of the analog circuits are to be formed to reduce interference between the devices of the analog circuits and the digital circuits.

Abstract: A video reproduction apparatus comprises a decoding control unit 1207 for controlling a decoding process on the basis of header information, to which an instruction for repetitive display of image is inputted; a protection processing unit for calculating a position of a coded image data stream on a coded image data stream storage buffer 1202 on the basis of a position of the coded image data stream on a decoding target input buffer 1204, which position is supplied from the decoding control unit 1207, and protecting the coded image data stream so as not to be overwritten with another coded image data stream; and a coded image data stream transfer unit 1203 for performing retransfer of the coded image data stream on the basis of the position of the coded image stream on the decoding target input buffer 1204.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a method for transcoding a N bits word into a M bits word with M<N. The invention is applicable in various fields and more particularly in the display field. The method comprises the following steps: -breaking down the N bits word into an exponent part and a mantissa part having each a size which varies according to the value of said N bits word, the size of the mantissa part increasing with the value of said N bits word, and -encoding the exponent part of the N bits word into a variable number of bits A and removing, if need be, least significant bits of the mantissa part in order to obtain a mantissa with a variable number of bits B, with A+B=M.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for providing machine health information. In one embodiment, a machine may include a storage device that is configured to store collected machine health data. The storage device has a module that is configured to determine a data characteristic and a communication characteristic. The storage device is further configured to determine, based on the data characteristic and the communication characteristic, whether to transmit a set of machine health data to an off-board system. Further, the storage device is coupled to a transmitter that is configured to transmit the set of machine health data to the off-board system.

Abstract: A circuit includes a phase interpolator and a self test circuit. The phase interpolator is to provide a interpolator output having a phase corresponding to a respective phase step in a plurality of phase steps. The interpolator output is a weighted combination of one or more of a plurality of phasor signals. The self test circuit includes a phase detector coupled to a reference signal and the interpolator output, a phase-difference-to-voltage converter coupled to the phase detector, an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) coupled to the phase-difference-to-voltage converter, and control logic. The phase detector is to generate an output that is proportional to a phase difference between the reference signal and the interpolator output. The phase-difference-to-voltage converter is to convert the output from the phase detector into a corresponding voltage. The ADC is to convert an output from the phase-difference-to-voltage converter into a corresponding digital value.

Abstract: A low power analog-to-digital channel includes a decimation filter coupled to a sigma-delta modulator. Various embodiments include a decimation filter including an output and a sigma-delta modulator coupled to the output of the decimation filter, where a clock frequency applied to the decimation filter is approximately a integral multiple of a sampling frequency of the sigma delta modulator. In an embodiment, the sigma-delta modulator includes one or more successive approximation converters. In an embodiment, the sigma delta modulator includes one or more area efficient integrators.

Abstract: A method of generating a quantized signal in a Sigma-Delta modulator (25) comprises the steps of feeding a modulator input signal to a quantizer (15) via at least one integrator (12, 13); generating in the quantizer (15) a quantized signal; feeding back the quantized signal to be subtracted from the modulator input signal; and generating a dither signal to be applied to a point in the Sigma-Delta modulator. The dither signal is applied to a selected one of a number of different points (11, 14) in the Sigma-Delta modulator (25) in dependence of a control signal. In this way a method of generating a quantized signal in a Sigma-Delta modulator is provided which provides optimal results for different modes of the application, such as phase modulation mode and frequency modulation mode in a Bluetooth receiver.

Abstract: A modulating device for converting data having a basic data length of m bits into variable length code (d, k; m, n) having a minimum run of d (d>0), a maximum run of k, and a basic codeword length of n bits, wherein the modulating device is characterized by having a basic conversion table and a substitution conversion table as a conversion table, and under a condition where the substitution conversion table is to be applied, control is performed to determine whether to perform substitution pattern conversion processing based on the substitution conversion table or to perform conversion processing based on the basic conversion table instead without performing the substitution pattern conversion processing, according to control information obtained from one of a data string and a variable length code string.

Abstract: Differential, current-steering DACs with reduced small signal differential non-linearity. A set of binary-weighted steerable constant current generators is used in which each constant current generator comprises a ternary constant current generator configured to generate a three-state differential current in response to a ternary signal on a control input. Each ternary current generator is associated with a bit of the binary code. The DAC further comprises a code converter coupled between a digital input, to receive a signed digital value for conversion, and control inputs of the steerable current generators, to convert the binary input code to a ternary code to control the steerable current generators to provide a differential analogue output. In embodiments the smallest current source is ½I0 where I0 is a change in differential output current caused by an 1sb change in the binary input code.

Abstract: A method of processing a digital television signal in a digital television receiver, the method includes receiving a digital television signal including a streaming data table carrying one or more streaming text data representing additional information transmitted a transmitter; parsing the streaming data table, the parsed streaming data table including display time information corresponding to the streaming text data; and displaying the streaming text data in one of virtual channels according to the parsed streaming data table.

Abstract: A mass spectrometer system includes an ion detector, a plurality of analog-to-digital (A/D) converters, an adder, and a controller. The A/D converters are configured to sample an analog signal from the ion detector at different times, and the A/D converters introduce sampling errors to digital samples generated by the A/D converters. The adder is configured to sum the digital samples, and the summed digital samples define a mass spectrum. The controller is configured to compensate for the sampling errors introduced by the A/D converters.

Abstract: The invention relates to an analog-to-digital converter comprising a reference voltage generating circuit, two coarse/fine comparators and two encoders for encoding the comparison result of the two coarse/fine comparators. In the invention, the two coarse/fine comparators processes a coarse comparison procedure and a fine comparison procedure on an input voltage in different clock cycle, thus, a sampling voltage error caused by an error of sampling time decreases. In another aspect of the invention, the capacitance of the input capacitor of the analog-to-digital converter decreases because the comparators for coarse comparison and fine comparison are the same, thus, a large power amplifier is not required for driving the input capacitor.

Abstract: The invention provides an improved dynamic element matching (DEM) device. The DEM device performs dynamic element matching processing at a second timing rate different from the first timing rate for the digital input. As an embodiment, the DEM device is composed of encoder 10 and feedback circuit 12. Said encoder 10 has two inputs and one output. Of the two inputs, one receives the digital input as the object for the DEM processing, and the other input receives the output of feedback circuit 12. Then, the digital output of the encoded result is generated. Said feedback circuit 12 has sampling rate converter 120 and loop filter 122 in order to perform DEM processing at a timing rate different from the timing rate for the digital input as the DEM processing object.

Abstract: The A/D converter device includes a comparing section and an abnormality judging section. The comparing section compares a voltage of its signal transfer line connected between its input multiplexer and its A/D converting section through its sample-hold section with a predetermined abnormality judging voltage. The abnormality judging section is configured to apply a reference voltage to the signal transfer line in synchronization with an A/D conversion cycle thereof on condition that its A/D converting operation thereof is not interrupted, and to determine presence of abnormality in the A/D converter device if an comparison result of the comparing section does not match an expected value corresponding to the reference voltage.

Abstract: An analog-to-digital converter (ADC) disposed in a data reception path to convert data from an analog format to a digital format is switched between two or more power modes to conserve power when data is not being received. ADC stays in a lower power-lower precision mode until an inbound data is detected, at which time the ADC switches to a higher power-higher precision mode to convert the data. Once data conversion is completed, the ADC switches back to the lower power-lower precision mode to conserve power.

Abstract: A system, method, and apparatus for inline audio/visual conversion are described. Power to an inline converter is provided over the A/V cable that couples the converter to a destination such as a selector.

Abstract: A no-missing-code output from a SAR, pipeline, folding, flash analog to digital conversion can be obtained by providing an analog input to an analog to digital converter having a predetermined m bit resolution output and a predetermined missing code capability and generating in a digital filter from the m bit output and the dither of the random noise components of the m bit output n bit output and greater than the predetermined missing code capability of the analog to digital converter.

Abstract: A collision alerting and avoidance system for use in an aerial vehicle is presented herein. The system comprises a one low profile antenna array disposed on the aerial vehicle. The array includes a plurality of horns; a polar horn, 45-degree horns, and equatorial horns. A transmitter/receiver probe is coupled to each horn. The transmitter/receiver probes are configured to transmit electromagnetic waves and to receive an echo signal reflected from a threat obstacle. A plurality of transmitter/receiver modules are coupled to each of the transmitter/receiver probes. The transmitter/receiver modules are configured to produce electromagnetic waves for transmission and to receive the echo signal. A processor coupled to the plurality of transmitter/receiver modules controls the transmission of electromagnetic waves from the horns and processes the echo signal to provide an output signal containing information regarding the obstacle.

Abstract: Traffic collision and avoidance systems and methods for a host aircraft. The system receives traffic information from one or more target aircraft, determines threat levels of target aircraft associated with the received traffic information, generates one or more objects based on the determined threat levels and a pre-defined threat level, and displays the generated one or more objects that are associated with threat levels within the pre-defined threat level. A first indicator that indicates lateral position relative to the host aircraft and a second indicator that indicates vertical direction of travel of the associated target aircraft are also displayed.

Abstract: The present invention lies in the field of the filtering of the responses received by an extractor situated downstream of a receiver of a secondary radar. An aim of the invention is to propose a defruiter making it possible to take account of the carriers having a significant radial speed with respect to the secondary radar.

Abstract: A radar apparatus transmits a pulse signal including pulses having at least two different pulselengths in a specific transmit pulse pattern and receives a returning echo signal through a single antenna. A tuning voltage setting timing generator generates a timing of setting a tuning voltage according to a combination of transmission pulselengths and a tuning processor performs tuning operation in a manner suited to a current transmission pulselength based on the tuning voltage setting timing. The radar apparatus may include a tuning voltage alteration decider for deciding whether or not to alter the tuning voltage based on a combination of alternate pulselengths before altering the pulselength of the pulse signal generated by a transmitter and the tuning processor alters the tuning voltage based on the result of decision made by the tuning voltage alteration decider.

Abstract: A radar level gauge system is disclosed, having a transmitter for transmitting measuring signals towards the surface of the filling material, a receiver for receiving echo signals from said surface and a fastening structure adapted to secure said transmitter and receiver in a measuring position on a feed-through structure located in an upper boundary of said container. Further, a sealing unit is arranged between said fastening structure and said feed-through, and adapted to provide a pressure seal between the inside and the outside of the container, and in addition, there is provided means for blocking electromagnetic energy, adapted to block net transfer of electromagnetic energy between the inside and the outside of the container through said sealing unit.

Abstract: A multifunction RF circuit on a single semiconductor chip. The multifunction RF circuit includes a power amplifier circuit, a mixer circuit forming an integral part of the power amplifier circuit and a low-pass filter circuit. The power amplifier circuit may include two amplifier circuits.

Abstract: A system and method for generating a navigation solution in high interference and dynamic environments using Global Positioning System (GPS) and navigation such as dead reckoning is described. The system configuration is a multi-satellite tracking loop structure obtained by closing each satellite's tracking loop through a multi-state navigation filter. This generates a robust navigation solution that can track GPS signals in a lower signal to noise ratio than can the standard GPS tightly coupled tracking loops. The system contains an Advanced Tightly Coupled (ATC) tracking processor which accepts early, late, and on-time I and Q data from the GPS signal tracker and outputs vehicle to satellite range, range rate and range acceleration residual measurements to a navigation Kalman filter. The ATC includes nonlinear discriminators which transform I and Q data into residual measurements corrupted by unbiased, additive, and white noise.

Abstract: A digital broadcasting receiver with DGPS RTCM data output port and a terminal for supporting the DGPS service using the same are disclosed. The digital broadcasting receiver having DGPS RTCM data output port, includes: a radio frequency processing unit for receiving digital broadcasting signals and converting the received signals into baseband data; a decoding unit for decoding the baseband data to generate decoded data; a DGPS information extractor unit for extracting a Differential Global Positioning System (DGPS) information from a DGPS data which is one of the decoded data; and a RTCM104 formatting unit for converting the DGPS information into RTCM104 data which is compatible with the DGPS RTCM data input port and outputting the RTCM104 data through the DGPS RTCM data output port.

Abstract: A system is disclosed that determines a spatial position of a tracker device relative to an object sending a return signal to the tracker. Such a system advantageously maintains phase accuracy between a forward signal from the tracker device and the return signal from the object. The system can include, as part of a tracker device, a reference signal generator, a transmitter, a receiver, and a spatial position computer. The reference signal generator is responsive to and phase-stabilized by a broadcast signal, e.g., a signal received from a commercial AM broadcast transmitter. The transmitter and receiver are both coupled to and phase-stabilized by the tracker reference signal generator. Variations and methods with different advantageous features are also described.

Abstract: A positioning device includes a phase calculation section which performs a correlation process of a specific positioning base code replica and a positioning base code from a specific transmission source to calculate a present phase of the positioning base code, an estimated phase calculation section which calculates an estimated phase when estimating the present phase based on the phase used for preceding positioning, a Doppler shift of a frequency of a radio wave carrying the positioning base code, and an elapsed time from the preceding positioning, a phase difference evaluation section which determines whether or not a phase difference between the calculated present phase and the estimated phase is within a phase difference allowable range specified in advance, and a positioning section which locates a present position using the phase within the phase difference allowable range.

Abstract: A mobile location system. The GPS location system includes a radio positioning system (RPS) for determining times-of arrival at several locations for a radio positioning signal transmitted from a mobile unit and then using the times-of-arrival for determining an RPS-based position and time for the mobile unit. The mobile unit uses the RPS-based position and time for focusing a code phase search to a narrow range for rapidly acquiring a GPS signal.

Abstract: A compact system can use modular components to enhance the isolation or quality of signals that an antenna array produces. The system can comprise an array of input coupler modules and an array of output coupler modules respectively on the input and output sides of a signal routing device. Each input coupler module can receive a signal from a specific element in the antenna array and can divide or split that received signal into a multiple signal components, such as seven. The signal routing device can route each of those signal components to a different output coupler module in the array of output coupler modules. Thus, each output coupler module can receive and combine multiple signal components, such as seven, from different input coupler modules. The signal routing device can include a readily manufacturable phase trimming section to compensate for phase mismatches.

Abstract: A system and method are disclosed to track aircraft or other vehicles using techniques including multilateration and elliptical surveillance. Unlike conventional approaches that use time difference of arrival for multilateration at a fixed set of reception points, this technique allows targets to be tracked from a number of dynamic or moving reception points. This allows for triangulation/multilateration and elliptical surveillance of targets from combinations of fixed, fixed and moving or only moving ground-based receivers, sea-based receivers, airborne receivers and space-based receivers. Additionally this technique allows for ADS-B validation through data derived from only two receivers to assess the validity and integrity of the aircraft self-reported position by comparing the time of arrival of the emitted message at the second receiver to the predicted time of message arrival at the second receiver based on the self-reported position of the aircraft and the time of arrival at the first receiver.

Abstract: A complete positioning solution for mobile communications networks such as WLAN or ad-hoc/multi-hop networks, which lack location information for one or more base stations. A method and arrangement computes the locations and transmit timing of the base stations utilizing GPS location information and GPS timing information from multiple GPS-capable mobile stations operating in the service areas of such base stations. Once the base station locations and transmit timing are known, this information is used in conjunction with the reported GPS information to synchronize transmissions from the base stations using a marker in a downlink transmission such as the start of a particular frame. Finally, the locations and transmit timing from three or more base stations are used to determine the locations of mobile stations that are not GPS-capable.

Abstract: An antenna for sending and receiving signals in a plurality of frequency bands generates a plurality of resonances in the plurality of frequency bands and includes a first set of radiating elements (302) that generates at least one resonance in a first frequency band, and a second set of radiating elements (304) that generates at least one resonance in a second frequency band. At least one resonance is generated in a capacitive loop that exists at certain frequencies between at least two radiating elements belonging to a combination of the first set and the second set of radiating elements.

Abstract: The invention relates to a passive transmitter-receiver device (6,28,33) fed by an electromagnetic wave, provided with an antenna comprising a loop (7, 30, 34) which is associated with an electronic transponder chip (9), said loop being able to feed the electronic chip by an induced current which is generated when it is cross-flown by an electromagnetic wave (H1, H2, H3, Ha, Hr) carrying information, and to transmit a second electromagnetic wave carrying a response from the electronic chip. The antenna is configured in such a way that the loop includes at least two non-coplanar or non-parallel parts in a position of use.

Abstract: A method including: optimizing space within a device by having a feed element for an antenna as an integral part of the device but not having the antenna as an integral part of the device; and providing the antenna as a part of a battery for the device. A radio communications device including: a battery comprising: a metal housing element; and an accessible conductive contact electrically connected to the metal housing; and a RF feed element for connection to the external conductive contact.

Abstract: A portable satellite antenna terminal, comprising a body (620) and a unit (637) within the body (620) for controlling the terminal and terminal functions. Also provided is an antenna (607) mounted to the body (620) for movement (633, 635) relative thereto. The antenna (607) is able to be stowed within the body (620) when not in use. The antenna (607) may be a flat panel antenna (624) and is moveable relative to the body (620) from a stowed position to an in-use position.

Abstract: A radiator for an RF communication device (100) including a first member (311, 600) including a first conducting surface (601, 603) operable to provide a radiating surface, a second member (301) including a second conducting surface (303) operable to provide a near field reflector or ground plane surface, the first conducting surface and the second conducting surface being galvanically connected (by 401), wherein the first conducting surface is disposed at an angle relative to the second conducting surface and the first conducting surface includes a first conducting region (601) and a second conducting region (601) having between them a gap (621) having a portion (629) which is tapered.

Abstract: A metal plate in the form of a strip, bent into a bracket shape, is provided on the surface of a circuit board opposite to the surface of the board facing a human body. The proximal end of the metal plate is connected to a ground pattern provided on the circuit board, close to an antenna power supply point, with the longitudinal direction of the plate adjusted parallel to the main polarization direction of an antenna element.

Abstract: In one embodiment, an integrated circuit horn array is provided that includes: a first substrate including a plurality of horn antennas, the horn antennas being isolated by cavities in the first substrate between the horn antennas. A second substrate supports an RF feed network that either resonantly or linearly excites the horn antennas.

Abstract: The subject invention provides a log-periodic antenna and method for controlling multiple polarizations of the antenna per a given frequency or frequencies. The antenna includes a boom and a plurality of pairs of elements where each element of each pair of elements extends laterally from the boom in opposite directions. The plurality of pairs of elements includes a first pair of elements disposed in a first plane with the boom and a second pair of elements disposed in a second plane with the boom. The first plane extends radially from the boom at a first radial angle and the second plane extends radially from the boom at a second radial angle. The first radial angle is offset to the second radial angle. The antenna may include at least one adjustment mechanism. Each adjustment mechanism allows angular adjustment of at least one of the elements for controlling the multiple polarizations of the antenna.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a tag-use antenna allowing a miniaturization while maintaining a constant minimal change of a communication distance. The tag-use antenna has a feed part of a folded dipole antenna of a size of 53 mm long and 7 mm wide being connected to, and equipped with, an LSI chip of Rc=500 ohms and Cc=1.4 pF and is covered with plastic resin 13 of the dielectric constant ?r=3 and thickness of t=0.75 mm on both sides of the antenna. The dipole part of 1 mm wire path width of the tag-use antenna is formed in a rectangular spiral by being bent inward from both ends at bending parts at four places. The entire length of the dipole antenna when extending the four bending parts straight is featured so as to be shorter than one half of a resonance wavelength of the antenna. An inductance part is featured in the intermediate part of the both dipole parts in the neighborhood of the center of the antenna.

Abstract: An electromagnetic interference suppressor of substantially unpressurized sheet form is obtained by applying and drying a magnetic paint, and comprises 30 to 80% by volume of soft magnetic powder and 20 to 70% by volume of a binder. The binder is an elastomer or a resin that a glass transition point and/or a softening point is 50° C. or more and a storage modulus (E?) is 107 Pa (JIS K 7244-1) or more in a state containing neither solvent nor filler at room temperature. This electromagnetic interference suppressor exerts a superior electromagnetic interference suppressing effect.

Abstract: The inverted L antenna with fixed polarization is disclosed. The inverted L antenna with fixed polarization includes: a printed circuit board (PCB) including an metal layer, a dielectric layer and a ground layer; and an antenna element coupled to a predetermined shaped of one side of the PCB, wherein the predetermined shape is a form for directing an electric field excited at edge of PCB to match with a direction of the antenna element.

Abstract: This invention refers to an antenna structure for a wireless device comprising a ground plane and an antenna element, wherein the ground plane has the shape of an open loop. The invention further refers to an antenna structure for a wireless device, such as a light switch or a wrist sensor or wristwatch, comprising an open loop ground plane having a first end portion and a second end portion, the open loop ground plane defining an opening between the first end portion and the second end portion; and an antenna component positioned within the opening defined between the first end portion and the second end portion and overlapping at least one of the first end portion or the second end portion. Further the invention refers to a corresponding wireless device and to a method for integrating such an antenna structure in a wireless device.

Abstract: A mobile wireless communications device may include a housing and a multi-frequency band antenna carried within the housing. The multi-frequency band antenna may include a main loop conductor having a gap therein defining first and second ends of the main loop conductor, a first branch conductor having a first end connected adjacent the first end of the main loop conductor and having a second end defining a first feed point, and a second branch conductor having a first end connected adjacent the second end of the main loop conductor and a second end defining a second feed point. The antenna may further include a tuning branch conductor having a first end connected to the main loop conductor between the respective first ends of the first and second branches.

Abstract: A radome uses traditional continuous heating wires mixed with detuned dipoles between heating wires and can be placed at any chosen distance from an array antenna or FSS. The continuous heating wires add a reactive component to the incident field phase, which is effectively cancelled out by the detuned dipoles which provide a capacitive component. The orthogonal components of the incident field are transmitted with very small losses over a wide number of scan angles. These heating and detuned dipoles can be printed on low loss dielectric materials. In addition, the printed elements of this radome can be scaled to operate over a chosen frequency band.

Abstract: In the case of the electromagnetic waves of a band with a short wavelength, in an antenna opening, the technical subject which conflicts between loss of electromagnetic waves and the mechanical strength of a member exists. This invention was made in view of such a problem, and aims at offering a radome with little cover of electromagnetic waves, absorption of electromagnetic waves, and dispersion of electromagnetic waves by the member of a radome. It aims at offering a strong and lightweight radome cheaply.