Abstract: A cleaning device for a conveyor belt for installation essentially transverse to the longitudinal direction of the conveyor belt. The cleaning device comprises a supporting structure (3) adapted to hold the cleaning device in place transverse to the conveyor belt (2), the cleaning device covering essentially the whole width of the conveyor belt (2) and consisting of a plurality of individual scraper segments (1?), each of which consists of a body having a scraping face (4), which scraping face (4) rests against the conveyor belt (2). The cleaning device is characterised in that the scraping face (3) on each of the segments (1?) is elastically connected to the supporting structure (3), the number of segments (1?) is relatively great and all the segments are covered by a flexible material.

Abstract: A roller conveyor system includes multiple carrier slides, which have runners, carry readable data memories and in particular are provided for transport of motor vehicle bodies. The roller conveyor system also has readers for reading out the data stored in the data memories, and a roller conveyor to convey the carrier slides The roller conveyor comprises roller rails, which are arranged parallel to each other, and multiple rollers which are accommodated in the roller rails, and of which at least some can be driven independently of each other by drives, and of which at least some are provided with flanges. According to the invention, the data memories are accommodated in the runners, and the readers in the roller rails.

Abstract: A skew detection and correction system, and method of correcting skew, in a conveyor system having an endless web that is propelled in a longitudinal direction, includes providing a skew detector and determining if at least some of the cross members of the web are non-perpendicular to the longitudinal direction and providing a differential lubricant application. The lubricant applicator is responsive to the skew detector and applies a relatively greater amount of lubricant to one lateral side of the web than to the other side of the web. This causes the side of the web receiving less lubricant to stretch more than the other side to reduce the difference in the amount of stretch.

Abstract: A curved conveyor belt is disclosed including a roller-guided conveyor belt (1) having in the region of the edge that constitutes the outside radius of the curve an engagement element (2) that can be engaged, guiding the conveyor belt (1), by at least one guide roller (4), which is fastened to a roller holder (3), and the guide roller (4) and/or the roller holder (3) are movable towards the conveyor belt (1) and away from conveyor belt (1), and the roller holder (3) is configured in one piece.

Abstract: A link for a chain drive is provided comprising an elongate figure eight shaped body having a pair of axially aligned oblong axle apertures. The link is connected by axles at each end to other links having an elongate figure shaped bodies but having axially aligned round apertures. In the alternative each link may have one round aperture and one oblong aperture and the chain is connected such that the oblong apertures are aligned and connected to round apertures.

Abstract: A plate-link chain made up of a plurality of parallel plates arranged in rows extending in the running direction of the chain. The plates form chain links that are connected to adjacent chain links at a hinge joint. Elastically deformable damping plates extend parallel to the plates and interconnect adjacent chain links with each other elastically to allow bending movement of the chain as it passes around a wheel. The damping plates serve to damp strand vibrations that develop in the chain strand that extends between pulleys or gears about which the chain passes.

Abstract: A rotary switch in a motor vehicle comprises a stationary central part and a rotatable outer part. To the rotatable outer part a control part is coupled, which transfers the rotary movement of the outer part directly into a contact unit (16).

Abstract: There is provided a novel switch having a function of overcurrent protection. In a switch comprising a conductive movable member (9) and at least two terminals (1, 2, 3) and being switchable by mechanically moving the movable member (9) between a state in which the movable member (9) contacts with the two terminals (1, 2) simultaneously and a state in which the movable member (9) is apart from either one (1) of the two terminals (1, 2), at least one (2) of the two terminals (1, 2) is separated into a conductive contact part (2a) for contacting with the movable member (9) and a conductive connect part (2b) for being electrically connected with an external element (not shown), and a PTC member (2b) is located between the contact part (2a) and the connect part (2c). The PTC member (2b) may be a PTC element having a PTC material layer and a pair of conductive material layers each located on opposed surfaces of the PTC material layer.

Abstract: An external operation handle device is used for a circuit breaker for switching a locker handle to ON and OFF positions. The handle device includes a main body casing for the circuit breaker, a mount base held on the main body casing, a rotary handle grip mounted on the mount base for turning the locker handle to the ON and OFF positions and having a connecting shaft, and an assist mechanism for moving the handle grip to a TRIP indication position upon tripping operation of the circuit breaker. The assist mechanism is interposed between the mount base and the handle grip, and includes a cam with a cam face, fixed on the mount base, a cam follower linking with the handle grip slidably along an axial direction and opposing the cam face of the cam, and an urging spring for pushing the cam follower against the cam face.

Abstract: A switching device is disclosed which includes a neutral conductor and arranged for opening and closing an electric circuit. The switching device includes a frame, through which the electric circuit's neutral conductor having a first end and a second end passes. The neutral conductor includes a movable middle portion that is arranged for breaking the neutral conductor inside the frame, the movable middle portion being movable with respect to the first and the second end of the neutral conductor and located between them.

Abstract: An apparatus comprising a liquid switch. The liquid switch comprises a substrate having a surface with first and second regions thereon and a fluid configured to contact both of the regions. The regions each comprise electrically connected fluid-support-structures, wherein each of the fluid-support-structures have at least one dimension of about 1 millimeter or less. The regions are electrically isolated from each other.

Abstract: Integrated circuit with analog connection matrix. The integrated circuit includes an analog connection matrix having a plurality of analog i/o contacts. The analog i/o contacts have a plurality of electric interconnections with respect to one another through miniaturized relays, in which each miniaturized relay includes a conductive element arranged in said intermediate space, said conductive element being suitable for effecting a movement between a first position and a second position depending on a control electromagnetic signal and said conductive element opening or closing an electric circuit depending on whether it is in said first position or in said second position.

Abstract: A rotating and pressing operation type electronic component that is reduced in the number of parts and man-hour for assembly and reduced in height dimension and floor surface area, comprising a frame formed of first and second bases, a tubular rotatingly operating body rotatably supported on the inside of the frame, first and second contact pieces as elastically deformable conductive leg parts fitted to the frame, and a common contact piece. The terminal parts of the contact pieces and the terminal parts of the common contact piece are directly positioned on a printed circuit board and electrically connected.

Abstract: A leading auxiliary switch includes an auxiliary switch housing for attachment to a circuit breaker. An operating slide is provided having a sliding edge and being supported so as to be movable in a first sliding direction. A contact carrier is provided supported so as to be movable parallel to the first sliding direction. The contact carrier includes a sliding nose and is movable in a first operating phase of the operating slide against an action of a contact pressure spring into an ON position of movable contacts with fixed contacts. A drive slide is supported in the auxiliary switch housing so as to be movable in a second sliding direction transverse to the first sliding direction, the drive slide including first and second opposed sliding surfaces extending at an angle to the first and second sliding directions. The sliding edge of the operating slide abuts against the first sliding surface in the first operating phase and is out of contact with the first sliding surface in the second operating phase.

Abstract: The present invention provides a means for easily ganging together a traditional-style dimmer switch and a designer-style dimmer switch in a multi-gang designer-style faceplate. Specifically, a faceplate adapter for a load control device according to the present invention comprises a front surface, an adapter opening in the front surface, and an attachment post. The front surface defines a first area substantially the same size as a faceplate opening of a designer-style faceplate. The adapter opening defines a second area substantially the same size as a faceplate opening of a traditional-style faceplate. The attachment post allows the adapter to be secured to the load control device.

Abstract: A keyboard with a wobble prevention structure, which is substantially a substrate having at least one press key arranged thereon while enabling each press key to be driven to move in a reciprocating manner following a specific direction, and having a plurality of position limit devices disposed on the substrate and beneath the periphery of a corresponding press key. In a preferred aspect, each position device is integrally formed with the substrate, or can be formed on the substrate by stamp forming technique, that each is used to confine the corresponding press key to move following only the specific direction, such that the wobbling of the press keys is prevented.

Abstract: The object of the present invention is to utilize a. reinforcing plate formed out of a metal or a hard resin introduced into a key unit in order to overcome the weak point that conventional rubber keypads are too soft and lack shape stability, as a design element of equipment including a key unit into which the plate is incorporated. For example, a part of metal reinforcing plate 4 is positively exposed to a position which can be seen from the outside of key unit 1, and various decorations are applied to the exposed part 7 so as to allow it to function as a decorated component. As a location where the reinforcing plate is exposed, there can be cited a part between each key on the key face or an annular part which encircles a plurality of key clusters. A mode may be considered in which the part of the exposed reinforcing plate 4 surrounds each individual key top 2 like a key frame, so as to substitute a key frame which has been conventionally realized by the equipment casing.

Abstract: A faceplate structure for a load control device comprises a bezel, an operating knob extending through an elongated rectangular opening of the bezel, and a sliding cover plate disposed behind the bezel. The bezel defines side walls and is adapted to be fixed to the load control device. The elongated rectangular opening extends along a vertical axis of the bezel. The operating knob is operable to vertically move along the length of the elongated opening. The cover plate is slidably coupled to the side walls of the bezel. The shaft of the operating knob is coupled to the cover plate, such that the cover plate is vertically movable with respect to the bezel. The cover plate covers the rear of the opening in all positions to which the cover plate can be moved by the operating knob.

Abstract: A process for converting animal fats and/or other feedstocks into gas oil fuel including the steps of introducing material including the animal fats into a still pot in the form of liquor, extracting a volume of material from the still pot, heating the extracted material to a cracking temperature, reintroducing the extracted material back into the still pot, separating the lighter molecular weight compounds from the cracked material into a small fraction of volatile light ends and a second mixture of gas oil fuel in a distillation column collecting the second mixture of gas oil fuel by means of a condenser.

Abstract: Methods are disclosed for pyrolizing carbonaceous materials to carbonaceous materials having lower boiling points by heating the carbonaceous material to a desired reaction temperature and holding the carbonaceous material in contact with the heat for a sufficient time to achieve the desired reaction to a lower boiling point carbonaceous materials, then rapidly cooling the desired reaction products. The heating source is a jet which will provide hot and high velocity gas streams to the carbonaceous material to be heated.

Abstract: A compact, energy efficient, continuous-flow point of use distillation system utilizes stacked, vertically-arranged components to provide a compact and energy efficient distillation process and a device which is quick and easy to service and maintain. A housing contains a double-walled boiler vessel to which water is supplied from an external source through suitable filters. A heating source is provided to boil water in the vessel, producing steam which is supplied through a condenser to a storage container located below the boiler. A noninvasive liquid level sensor maintains the water level in the boiler and the controller is provided to activate the boiler when water is required for the storage reservoir.

Abstract: A process for removing trioxane from a use stream I of formaldehyde, trioxane and water, by a) providing a use stream I which comprises formaldehyde as the main component and trioxane and water as the secondary components, b) mixing the use stream I with a recycle stream VII which comprises trioxane as the main component and formaldehyde and water as the secondary components to obtain a feed stream Ia which comprises formaldehyde as the main component and trioxane and water as the secondary components, c) distilling the use stream Ia in a first distillation stage at a pressure of from 0.1 to 2.5 bar to obtain a stream II which comprises formaldehyde as the main component and water as the secondary component, and a stream III which comprises trioxane as the main component and water and formaldehyde as the secondary components, d) distilling the stream III, optionally after removing low boilers from the stream III in a low boiler removal stage, in a second distillation stage at a pressure of from 0.2 to 17.

Abstract: There is provided a method for generating hydrogen gas, which is a clean fuel, including irradiating infrared rays with exclusive wavelengths in a range of from 2.8 to 3.2 ?m to water.

Abstract: A method of microwave assisted chemical reaction includes providing a microwavable reaction vessel which contains at least one material in a sample. The sample is heated by microwave energy to elevate the temperature of the reagent and at least partially volatilize the sample to establish a gas phase within the vessel followed by positive cooling of the gas phase to reduce the temperature and responsively reduce the pressure of the gas phase without effecting substantial cooling of the liquid phase. The method may involve employing cooling exteriorly of and adjacent to the gas phase containing portion of the vessel or cooling by means of a coolant flowing within coils disposed in the interior of the vessel or both. The process is preferably a continuous process. The apparatus may be a vessel transparent to microwave energy for receiving the sample. The vessel has space overlying the liquid phase containing portion for a gas phase.

Abstract: A pulsed gliding arc discharge (PGD) reactor includes an ignition coil driven by a pulse generator which is connected to a pair of divergent electrodes fixed by a reactor housing with a fluid inlet and outlet. Hydrogen peroxide and dye degradation can be carried out with a PGD reactor according to the invention with efficiencies that are more than two orders of magnitude greater than a conventional ACG reactor based on the calculated specific energy yield.

Abstract: The invention pertains to a sacrificial anode for cathodic corrosion protection that comprises an anode body (1), a mounting component (8) for mounting the sacrificial anode on the device to be protected, an insulating component (4) that in certain areas surrounds the anode body (1) and electrically insulates the anode body (1) from the mounting component (8), and a resistive element (9) that is inserted between the anode body (1) and the mounting component (8), where the insulating component (4) is fixed on the mounting component (8). According to the disclosure, a securing component (6) is fixed on the anode body (1) and prevents the anode body (1) from moving out of the insulating component (4). This results in a sacrificial anode of this type that can be reliably operated over its entire service life.

Abstract: A substrate processing apparatus comprises an applying part for applying droplets of cleaning solution onto a substrate, a ring-shaped induction electrode located close to an outlet of the applying part, and an applying part moving mechanism for moving the applying part. In the substrate processing apparatus, electric potential difference is generated between the induction electrode and a cleaning solution tube in the applying part, positive charge is induced on the cleaning solution, and the substrate is cleaned by the droplets of the cleaning solution, whereby the substrate can be suppressed to be negatively charged during cleaning. Concurrently with movement of the applying part and application of the cleaning solution, the electric potential difference is controlled on the basis of the characteristics of charging of the substrate and relative position of the applying part to the substrate. It is possible to improve uniformity of distribution of electric potentials on the substrate.

Abstract: An anode and cathode for an electrolytic cell are configured as a low inductance transmission line to enable control of an interphase at an electrode surface. The anode and cathode are coupled to a switched current source by a low inductance path that include a parallel plate transmission line, a coaxial transmission line, or both. The switched current source provides switching between current sources at three or more voltages to provide fast charging and discharging of the double-layer capacitance associated with the electrode surface.

Abstract: A device is disclosed for the generation of hydrogen peroxide. The device produces hydrogen peroxide on an as-needed basis through the use of electrolysis of water, wherein the hydrogen and oxygen are mixed in the electrolyzer, and the hydrogen and oxygen mixture in water are reacted in a reactor to produce hydrogen peroxide.

Abstract: An electrode assembly for use in an electrochemical cell, said electrode being in the proportions of a pyramid with the proportions of the pyramidal shape being determined by a specific formula where the height is multiplied by a figure between 1 and 2 to determine the four side lengths and the height is multiplied by a figure between 1.20 and 2.22 to determine the four base lengths. The invention also comprises methods and techniques for adjusting an internal combustion engine and/or electric power generator to allow for the engine to run on hydrogen generated from water using an electrolysis cell. The methods have been developed to reduce the likelihood of hydrogen ignition flame back.

Abstract: A compression sealable electrolysis cell that is easily and reliably manufactured, maintained and repaired comprises two insulating end pieces which can position and seal two electrode tubes with electrical contacts separated by a ceramic membrane tube where fluid can be introduced at one end piece and removed at the other end piece in the spaces between the electrode tubes and the ceramic membrane tube. The design permits the compression of the entire assembly via the fixing of nuts on one or more threaded rods extending through both end pieces without the use of an adhesive or cement and without the imposition of torque or compressive stress on the ceramic membrane tube. The water or other fluid to be electrolyzed can be introduced tangentially to spaces between the electrode tubes and the ceramic membrane tube at a angle of 0 to 15 degrees to optimize flow and contact with the electrode tubes.

Abstract: All pollutants dissolved or existed in water can be grossly classified as ionized and neutral species. The former includes inorganic and organic ions, while the latter contains inorganic molecules, organic molecules and organisms. Using flow through capacitor for performing capacitive deionization (CDI), the ionic contaminants can be effectively and economically removed from water. Whereas the neutral contaminants are not retained in the static electric field of CDI, they can be decomposed upon flowing through an electrolytic ozonator. Either gaseous or ionic products will be generated at the ozone treatment, and the ionic byproducts can be subsequently removed by CDI. By integrating the electrolytic ozone reactor with flow through capacitor, the O3/CDI hybrid technique becomes a total solution for eliminating hazardous materials in water.

Abstract: An interface device for a gas sensor includes a detection resistor having first and second ends to generate voltages by a current output of the gas sensor, a differential amplifier having first and second input terminals to receive the voltages of the first and second resistor ends and an output terminal to output a voltage according to a difference between the voltages of the first and second resistor ends, a first switching element to transmit the voltage of the first resistor end to the first input terminal of the differential amplifier in a transmission state and interrupt transmission of the voltage of the first resistor end to the first input terminal of the differential amplifier in an interruption state and a second switching element turned on to establish continuity between the first and second input terminals of the differential amplifier when the first switching element is in the interruption state.

Abstract: An electro-chemical sensor is described having two molecular redox systems sensitive to the same species and having an detector to detect relative shifts in the voltammograms of the two redox systems.

Abstract: A lead free, galvanic sensor. The sensor having a housing, a cathode, an anode, a diffusion barrier, contact wires and an electrolyte, the anode being made of a tin containing alloy. The sensor electrolyte is an aqueous solution of phosphoric acid or an aqueous solution of a cesium salt.

Abstract: A plurality of methods for creating a substantially two-dimensional representation of a three-dimensional uniform having a front, back, top, and sides, are disclosed. In the first method, the arms are removed from the uniform. Most of the back of the uniform and at least some of the sides of the uniform are removed. The top and remaining back of the uniform are rolled into substantially the same plane as the front of the uniform to create a substantially two-dimensional uniform. In the second method, the two-dimensional representation is created from scratch. A fabric garment piece is created, wherein the fabric garment piece comprises at least a portion of the uniform front, a portion of the uniform back and at least a portion of the uniform top. The top and the portion of the back are rolled into substantially the same plane as the front of the uniform to create a substantially two-dimensional uniform.

Abstract: Laser output including at least one laser pulse having a wavelength greater than 1.1 ?m and shorter than 5 ?m (preferably at about 1.1 ?m) and having a pulsewidth shorter than 100 ps (preferably shorter than 10 ps) permits low-k dielectric material, such as SRO or SiCOH, to be removed without damaging the substrate. An oscillator module in cooperation with an amplification module are used to generate the laser output.

Abstract: A silica substrate for subjecting a sample to electrophoresis has an —OH concentration of less than 100 parts per million.

Abstract: An anode and cathode for an electrolytic cell configured as a low inductance transmission line to enable control of an interphase at an electrode surface. The anode and cathode are coupled to a switched current source by a low inductance path that includes a parallel plate transmission line, a coaxial transmission line, or both. The switched current source provides fast switching between current sources to provide fast charging and discharging of the double-layer capacitance associated with the electrode surface so that an isotope may be selectively transported to the electrode surface for oxidation or reduction. A photon source may be used to create a population of isotope containing species within the electrolyte. An additional static magnetic field and/or an alternating current magnetic excitation source may be used to modify the composition of the population of species containing the isotope to be separated.

Abstract: The present invention relates to gallium (Ga) electroplating methods and chemistries to deposit uniform, defect free and smooth Ga films with high plating efficiency and repeatability. Such layers may be used in fabrication of electronic devices such as thin film solar cells. In one embodiment, the present invention provides a solution for application on a conductor that includes a Ga salt, a complexing agent, a solvent, and a Ga-film having submicron thickness is facilitated upon electrodeposition of the solution on the conductor. The solution may further include one or both of a Cu salt and an In salt.

Abstract: A nickel cobalt phosphorus electroplating composition includes a nickel salt, a cobalt salt, a phosphite-containing compound, and a multidentate chelating agent selected from triethylene tetraamine, diethylene triamine, hydrazobenzene, and combinations thereof. An electroplating solution including the nickel cobalt phosphorus electroplating composition and a method for treating a surface of a workpiece using the electroplating solution are also disclosed.

Abstract: The object of the present invention is a method and compositions for direct copper plating and filling to form interconnects in the fabrication of semiconductor devices. According to the invention, this method comprises providing an electrolytic copper bath containing, in solution in a solvent, a source of copper ions with a concentration of between 45 and 200 mM, preferably of between 45 and 100 mM and at least one copper complexing agent which is an aliphatic polyamine having 2 to 4 amine functions with a concentration of between 30 and 200 mM, preferably of between 60 and 200 mM; the copper/complexing agent(s) molar ratio being of between 0.2 and 2, preferably between 0.3 and 1.5; bringing said copper diffusion barrier layer of said substrate into contact with said electrolytic copper bath, applying an electrical bias to the substrate for a duration adjusted according to the thickness of copper to be electroplated, removing the substrate from said electrolytic copper bath.

Abstract: The invention relates to a turning device for metal deposits used in combination with a separating device, comprising at least one turnable receiving unit mounted on a rotating axle under the separating device and in the vicinity of at least one conveyor, guiding means for guiding a metal deposit to a receiving unit acting as a turning device and means for rotating the receiving unit. The invention also relates to a method for handling metal deposits.

Abstract: The present invention provides an electrolytic processing apparatus and an electrolytic processing method which can effectively prevent the formation of pits that would impair the quality of the processed product. The electrolytic processing apparatus including: a processing electrode (210) for processing a workpiece; a feeding electrode (212) for feeding electricity to the workpiece; a power source (232) for applying a voltage between the processing electrode (210) and the feeding electrode (212); a pressure tight container (200) housing the processing electrode (210) and the feeding electrode (212) therein; and a high-pressure liquid supply system (204) for supplying a high-pressure liquid into the pressure tight container (210).

Abstract: A biosensor strip having a low profile for reducing the volume of liquid sample needed to perform an assay. In one embodiment, the biosensor strip includes an electrode support; an electrode arrangement on the electrode support; a cover; a sample chamber; and an incompressible element placed between the cover and the electrode support, the incompressible element providing an opening in at least one side or in the distal end of the sample chamber to provide at least one vent in the sample chamber. In another embodiment, the biosensor strip has an electrode support; an electrode arrangement on the electrode support; a cover; and a sample chamber, the cover having a plurality of openings formed therein, at least one of the openings in register with the sample chamber. The invention further includes methods for preparing such a biosensor strips in a continuous manner.

Abstract: A method for operating a measuring meter for an electrochemical test strip is provided. The method comprises steps of applying a voltage to electrodes of the test strip at least during one of a sample presence detection period and an incubation period; and repeatedly increasing and decreasing the voltage during at least one of the sample presence detection period and the incubation period.

Abstract: The invention relates to a casing for a key with sensors that are positioned inside the casing and that are actuated by means of push buttons, so that the push buttons are situated in openings of a casing cover and can be displaced against a rebound force perpendicularly to the surface of the casing cover in the direction toward the sensors. In order to improve a generic casing both in terms of production technology as well as in advantageous uses, it is proposed that the push buttons made of a hard plastic are inserted with lateral distance in the openings and are held in place by a soft plastic inset inserted into a recess in the casing cover.

Abstract: A plate of matches for use with a cigarette packet in which the plate for use with a cigarette packet is formed from sheet material with a series of parallel cuts to form individual matches similarly rooted at one end to a cross-band and having a hardened inflammable substance at the other end or head wherein the hardened inflammable substance on the head of each match is a thin coating of substance. Two striker pads are provided in a manner in which they are adapted to be opposed. A cigarette packet having a holder has one or more plates of matches. In use, the head of a match, torn from the or one plate, is locatable between the striker pads and with the pads adapted to be held together, the match is pulled outwardly to ignite the substance.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a capsule for storage, mixing and dispensing of materials, preferably dental materials like glass ionomer cement. The capsule comprises a capsule body member that provides a main chamber and comprises a dispensing opening; and an applicator member being slideably accommodated in said capsule body member, said applicator member providing an auxiliary chamber. An activator member is slideably accommodated in said applicator member.

Abstract: A hinge-lid container finding particular application as a hinge-lid pack or carton for elongate smoking articles such as cigarettes comprises: a box portion; a lid portion hinged to the box portion across a rear wall thereof for pivotal movement between an open position and a closed position; a flap extending across a lower part of the inner surface of a front wall of the lid portion; and a spacer panel extending across at least an upper part of the inner surface of a front wall of the box portion. The spacer panel, which preferably depends from and is folded about the upper edge of the front wall of the box portion, has a free edge that extends across the inner surface of the front wall of the box portion and does not project from the box portion into space covered by the lid portion in the closed position.