Abstract: A nanostructured electrode comprising a conductive electrode substrate having a surface functional group, a catalytic nanoparticle stabilized by a covalently-bound ligand bearing a peripheral functional group capable of interacting to the surface functional group, and a material capable of binding to the peripheral functional group. The conductive electrode substrate can be chemically modified and the surface functional group can create a layer of charge or chemical reactivity. The conductive electrode substrate can be chemically or electrochemically modified to create a surface functional group via covalent grafting capable of supporting multilayer deposition to create a layer of charge or chemical reactivity on the surface. The nanoparticle can be a platinum nanoparticle with covalently bonded negatively-charged ligands and the bridging material can be a polyelectrolyte.

Abstract: A product including a fuel cell gas diffusion media layer and a plurality of electrically conductive lands secured thereto.

Abstract: A lithium-ion battery cell includes at least two working electrodes, each including an active material, an inert material, an electrolyte and a current collector, a first separator region arranged between the at least two working electrodes to separate the at least two working electrodes so that none of the working electrodes are electronically connected within the cell, an auxiliary electrode including a lithium reservoir, and a second separator region arranged between the auxiliary electrode and the at least two working electrodes to separate the auxiliary electrode from the working electrodes so that none of the working electrodes is electronically connected to the auxiliary electrode within the cell.

Abstract: A cell controller having excellent productivity is provided. A cell-con 80 has 12 ICs IC-1 to IC-2 mounted on a substrate, and these ICs detect voltages of respective cells constituting a cell pack, perform capacity adjustment on the respective cells, and are mounted two by two on rectangular longer sides of a rectangular continuous straight line L-L? defined on a substrate from the IC-1 on a highest potential side to the IC-12 on a lowest potential side continuously in order of potential differences of the corresponding cell packs. Distances between the rectangular shorter sides of the rectangular continuous straight line L-L? are the same. On the cell-con 80, between the IC-1 to IC-12 having different ground voltages, each of the ICs has signal output terminals connected to signal input terminals of a lower order IC respectively in an electrically non-insulated state.

Abstract: A leak detection system for a flowing electrolyte battery comprising a containment member associated with at least one of a stack of a flowing electrolyte battery and an electrolyte reservoir of a flowing electrolyte battery and a sensing member for sensing a fluid leak within the containment member.

Abstract: A starter battery and case assembly includes a rechargeable battery contained within a battery box and a lid constructed to releasably engage the battery box. An electrical connector is electrically attached to the battery. The battery and battery box define an upper surface with upwardly extending upper edges and the lid is constructed to extend over and downwardly around the upper edges of the battery box and to enclose the upper surface and the upper edges. The lid includes a handle for conveying the assembly. A mating electrical connector carried by the lid is positioned to engage the electrical connector of the battery with the lid engaged. Two opposite polarity cables are connected to the battery through the mating electrical connector and adapted to be connected to a remote electrical system. A recharge cord is attached to the battery and adapted to be attached to a source of power.

Abstract: Disclosed a battery device including a first battery device and a second battery device each having a battery enclosure incorporating a battery cell. The battery device further includes an output terminal that outputs power of the battery cell. The battery enclosure includes a first surface, a second surface, a first step surface, a second step surface, a first engaging portion, a second engaging portion, a first groove, and a second groove. The first battery device and the second battery device are formed such that a shape of at least one of the first engaging portion and the second engaging portion differs between the first battery device and the second battery device.

Abstract: One embodiment of the present subject matter includes a stack of substantially planar electrodes, the stack in alignment and having a stack form factor. Embodiments include a first housing portion including a first beveled edge at least partially defining a first stack aperture adapted to at least partially receive the stack, the first stack opening having a first thickness proximal the beveled edge, and a second thickness away from the first beveled edge and a second housing portion including a second edge defining a second stack aperture adapted to at least partially receive the stack. Embodiments are included wherein the second housing portion is joined to the first housing portion such that the first housing portion and the second housing portion define an interior space which substantially conforms to the stack form factor.

Abstract: Disclosed is a battery device including a battery enclosure incorporating a battery cell. The battery device further includes an output terminal that outputs power of the battery cell. The battery enclosure includes a first surface, a second surface, a first step surface, a second step surface, a first engaging portion, a second engaging portion, a first groove, and a second groove formed in the second step surface and the second engaging portion, and a recess is provided in at least one of the first step surface and the second step surface.

Abstract: [PROBLEMS] Disclosed is a heat shrinkable film having excellent heat resistance, content resistance, impact resistance, low/high temperature cycle resistance, and abrasion resistance. [MEANS FOR SOLVING PROBLEMS] Specifically disclosed is a heat shrinkable film comprising an intermediate layer (1), a front surface layer (2) and a back surface layer (3) so arranged as to sandwich the intermediate layer (1), and an overcoat layer (4) arranged on top of the front surface layer (2). The intermediate layer (1) contains first cyclic olefin resin and a random copolymer of ethylene and another ?-olefin or a random copolymer of propylene and another ?-olefin. The front surface layer (2) and the back surface layer (3) respectively contain second cyclic olefin resin and linear low-density polyethylene resin. Such a multilayer heat shrinkable film is formed into a tubular shape in such a manner that the overcoat layer (4) is on the outside.

Abstract: A negative electrode wherein a negative electrode current collector has a conductive foil including a conductive substrate and a multiplicity of conductive lumpy projections provided at a surface of the substrate is provided. The multiplicity of lumpy projections are so disposed that a plurality of the lumpy projections are aligned substantially in one direction to form a lumpy projection row and that a plurality of the lumpy projection rows are arrayed side by side at a predetermined interval in a direction substantially orthogonal to the one direction.

Abstract: A cathode includes a foil current collector including a coating containing iron disulfide on one side that covers less than 100% of the side.

Abstract: Batteries, as well as related components and methods, are disclosed.

Abstract: Provided is a cathode mix for a lithium secondary battery, comprising a cathode active material, a conductive material and a binder, wherein the cathode mix uses a mixture of a flake-like carbon material (a), and a spherical chain-like carbon material (b) in a weight ratio (a/b) of 0.01 to 1 as the conductive material; and a lithium secondary battery comprising the same. Use of the conductive material according to the present invention can achieve simultaneous improvements in conductivity and loading density of the cathode mix, provide excellent discharge characteristics even with increased loading amounts of the cathode mix, and secure performance uniformity between the battery cells.

Abstract: A monolithically integrated lithium thin film battery (10) provides increased areal capacity on a single level (without stacking of multiple cells). The Lithium thin film battery (10) comprises a substrate (12) having a surface (13) textured to comprise a plurality of openings (16) having sides (15) angled between 10 and 80 degrees to the surface (13). A current collector (18) and a cathode (22) are formed on the substrate (12) and within the openings (16). An electrolyte (24) comprising lithium phorphous oxynitride is formed by physical vapor deposition on the cathode (22), thereby providing a layer on the surface of the cathode (22) and within the openings (16) of the cathode having substantially the same thickness. An anode (26) and a capping layer (28) are then formed on the electrolyte (24).

Abstract: A quaternary ammonium salt of the formula (1) wherein R1 is straight-chain or branched alkyl having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, R2 is straight-chain or branched alkyl having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, and X? is CF3CO2?, CF3SO3BF3?, ClBF3?, AlF4?, CF3BF3?, C2F5BF3?, N(SO2F)2?, PF6?, AsF6? or SbF6?.

Abstract: In order to manufacture a lithium secondary battery having excellent performances in safety under overcharge condition, cycle property, electric capacity, and storage endurance, 0.1 wt. % to 10 wt. of a tert-alkylbenzene compound is favorably incorporated into a non-aqueous electrolytic solution comprising a non-aqueous solvent and an electrolyte, preferably in combination with 0.1 wt. % to 1.5 wt. % of a biphenyl compound.

Abstract: It is intended to provide a method of patterning a self-organizing material whereby a self-organizing material having a self-organization ability such as a nucleic acid can be aligned and immobilized in a desired manner on a substrate by using the imprint process, a patterned substrate of a self-organizing material and a method of producing the same, and a photomask. An immobilization layer containing a binder capable of binding to a self-organizing material is formed on a substrate. Then this immobilization layer is patterned by transferring an uneven pattern formed in a mold thereto by the imprint process. The self-organizing material is supplied onto the face having the uneven pattern of the immobilization layer transferred thereto. Thus, the self-organizing material is immobilized following the uneven pattern of the immobilization layer owing to the self-organization ability of the material per se and the binding ability of the binder contained in the immobilization layer.

Abstract: There are described a process for the production of a multi-layer body (100) having a partially shaped first layer (3m) and a multi-layer body produced in that way.

Abstract: Methods for forming a photomask using a carbon hard mask are provided. In one embodiment, a method of forming a photomask includes etching a chromium layer through a patterned carbon hard mask layer in the presence of a plasma formed from a process gas containing chlorine and carbon monoxide.

Abstract: A primary object of the present invention is to provide a process for the production of a pattern-forming body, the process enabling the formation of a highly precise pattern, requiring no post-exposure treatment and being free from a fear as to the deterioration of the pattern-forming body itself because no photocatalyst is contained in the produced pattern-forming body.

Abstract: There is provided a laminate for laser marking which is useful for forming displays, for example, on the S-shaped surface of sheet-like molded products made of thermoplastic resins, by suitably employing a thermoplastic polymer composition for laser marking. The present invention relates to a laminate for laser marking, comprising: a layer A comprising a multi-color developing laser marking thermoplastic polymer composition capable of producing markings having two or more different color tones by irradiating thereto two or more laser lights having different energies from each other, the composition satisfying the following requirements (1) and (2): (1) comprising a chromatic colorant, a black substance capable of being dissipated by itself or discolored when exposed to the laser lights, and a thermoplastic polymer at the following mixing ratio, and (2) containing the chromatic colorant and the black substance in amounts of from 0.001 to 3 parts by weight and from 0.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide an electrophotographic photosensitive member having high durability and hardly causing sensitivity decrease even if short wavelength light, particularly light having a wavelength of 380 to 450 nm is used as exposure light, and a process cartridge and an electrophotographic apparatus having the electrophotographic photosensitive member. The present invention includes an electrophotographic photosensitive member comprising a support and a photosensitive layer which is provided on the support and contains a charge generation material and a charge transport material, characterized in that the surface layer of the electrophotographic photosensitive member contains an aliphatic dicarboxylic acid polyester resin with a weight average molecular weight of 80,000 or more having a specific repeating structural unit, and a process cartridge and an electrophotographic apparatus having the electrophotographic photosensitive member.

Abstract: Imaging members useful in electrostatographic apparatuses, including printers, copiers, other reproductive devices, and digital apparatuses. More particularly, imaging members having a binder of high molecular weight that is included in one or more layers of an imaging member to impart coating consistency and to provide for increased mechanical strength and improved wear.

Abstract: To provide an electrophotographic photoconductor which can effectively prevent the generation of exposure memory and the increase in residual potential by easily adjusting the electroconductivity in an intermediate layer, and an image forming apparatus using the electrophotographic photoconductor. An electrophotographic photoconductor comprising a base body, and an intermediate layer containing a titanium oxide and a binding resin and a photosensitive layer which are arranged on the base body, and an image forming apparatus using the same, wherein an average primary particle diameter of the titanium oxide is set to a value within the range of 5 to 30 nm, a thickness of the intermediate layer set to a value within the range of 0.5 to 3 ?m, and the volume resistivity in the intermediate layer is set to a value within the range of 1×1010 to 5×1013 ?·cm.

Abstract: The present invention provides a custom color toner having a first particle size. Colored particles are attached to the surface of the base toner in an amount sufficient to provide a predetermined color to the base toner. The colored particles have a second particle size less than the first particle size.

Abstract: Use of a charge control agent in a toner, such as a magenta toner, to give an increased triboelectric charge is disclosed. The magenta toner may contain a magenta resin, such as xanthene.

Abstract: A toner comprising a binder resin and a colorant, wherein the binder resin comprises an urea modified polyester, the urea modified polyester being prepared by urea-bonding an isocyanate-modified crystalline polyester segment and an isocyanate-modified amorphous polyester using an amine crosslinking agent.

Abstract: The present invention provides: a toner kit having a deep toner and a pale toner which are separated from each other, wherein: the deep toner and the pale toner satisfy prescribed conditions for an L*a*b* color coordinate system where a* represents a hue in the red-green direction, b* represents a hue in the yellow-blue direction, and L* represents a lightness; the pale toner and the deep toner to be used in the toner kit; and a method for forming an image using the toner kit. Thus, the present invention can form a high quality image, while suppressing graininess and roughness over the areas covering from the low density area to the high density area.

Abstract: An image forming method, comprising the steps of: agitating a mixture of toner particles and carrier particles so as to electrically charge the toner particles; forming a charged toner layer on a toner conveying roller by extracting the charged toner particles from the mixture; forming an electrostatic latent image on an image carrying member; and conveying the charged toner layer by the toner conveying roller so as to develop the electrostatic latent image on the image carrying member with charged toner; wherein the carrier particles are carrier particles each formed by dispersing magnetic fine powder in a binder resin and have a shape coefficient SF-1 of 1.0 to 1.2, a shape coefficient SF-2 of 1.1 to 2.5, and a volume-based median size of 10 to 100 ?m.

Abstract: An optical data recording medium includes a substrate and a markable coating on the substrate. The markable coating includes a radiation absorber, a leuco dye, a developer and a deprotection agent.

Abstract: An optical recording medium contains a recording layer being composed of a phase-change recording material where at least four elements, Ga, Sb, Sn and Ge are contained and the transfer linear velocity is 20 m/s to 30 m/s, and when the wavelength of a recording/reproducing light is within the range of 650 nm to 665 nm and the recording linear velocity is 20 m/s to 28 m/s, the refractive index Nc and the extinction coefficient Kc in a crystalline state and the refractive index Na and the extinction coefficient Ka in an amorphous state in the recording layer respectively satisfy the following numerical expressions: 2.0?Nc?3.0, 4.0?Kc?5.0, 4.0?Na?5.0, and 2.5?Ka?3.1, and information is recordable at the range of 20 m/s to 28 m/s of recording linear velocity.

Abstract: There is provided a novel polyester compound having in its main polymer chain an aliphatic cyclic structure with carboxylic acids or carboxylic acid ester groups as represented by the chemical formula (1), a resist material containing the polyester compound and a patterning method using the resist material.

Abstract: A positive resist composition comprising: (A) a resin having a repeating unit represented by a specific formula (I) and a repeating unit represented by a specific formula (A1); (B) a compound capable of generating an acid upon irradiation with an actinic ray or radiation; and (F) a surfactant represented by a specific formula (II); and a pattern forming method using the same.

Abstract: A semiconductor manufacturing method comprising, a data generating process including, acquiring a simulation light pattern that simulates a shape of a light exposure pattern formed on a substrate on the basis of design data of a semiconductor device, acquiring a simulation electron beam exposure pattern that simulates a shape of an electron beam exposure pattern formed by an electron beam exposure on the substrate on the basis of the design data, extracting difference information representing a shape difference portion between the simulation light pattern and the simulation electron beam exposure pattern, acquiring changed design data for modifying shape by changing the design data in accordance with the difference information, conducting the electron beam exposure on the substrate by use of the changed design data for modifying the shape.

Abstract: A processing method for selectively reducing or removing the region to be exposed with energy ray in a film formed on a substrate, comprising relatively scanning a first exposure light whose shape on the substrate is smaller than the whole first region to be exposed against the whole first region to be exposed to selectively remove or reduce the first region to be exposed, and exposing a whole second region to be exposed inside the whole first region to be exposed with a second exposure light to selectively expose the whole second region to be exposed.

Abstract: An anti-reflective coating composition includes a solvent and about 20 to about 35 percent by weight of a polymer prepared by a condensation reaction of an acrylate polymer including a hydroxyl group with a derivative of muramic acid and a derivative of mandelic acid.

Abstract: A method of processing a substrate includes forming a coating layer over a front surface of the substrate and exposing the coating layer in an immersion scanner. The coating layer may include a photoresist layer. The method also includes performing one or more immersion processes on the substrate after exposure. As an example, the one or more immersion processes include an immersion post-exposure bake process.

Abstract: Systems and methods of lithography of semiconductor devices are disclosed. A preferred embodiment comprises a method of exposing a workpiece. The method includes moving a workpiece along a plurality of exposure fields in a column in a first direction while alternatingly moving a lithography mask in a second direction and the first direction for the plurality of exposure fields in the column. The second direction comprises a direction opposite the first direction.

Abstract: Aimed at improving balance between refractive index and absorbance of an immersion fluid used for light exposure based on the immersion method, the immersion fluid is configured as containing a deuterated dialkyl sulfoxide.

Abstract: Provided is a developer for thermal positive type photosensitive composition, which is easy in developer handling such as pH adjustment, has a developing treatment capability ensuring durability in multiple uses, has little change of pH value over a prolonged period of time and is excellent in durability, has a development capability capable of satisfactorily developing of 100 or more rolls, preferably about 300 to 400 rolls so that the developer can be applied especially to photoengraved rolls for gravure printing, and exhibits a buffering action and is minimized in the aging deterioration of processing capacity so as to realize reduction of the frequency of developer replacement. The developer for thermal positive type photosensitive composition comprises a weak alkaline aqueous solution containing (A) triethanolamine and/or diethanolamine and (B) at least one member selected from the group consisting of: potassium pyrophosphate; sodium tripolyphosphate; and sodium hexametaphosphate.

Abstract: The present invention provides a photothermographic material having, on a support, an image forming layer including at least a photosensitive silver halide, a non-photosensitive organic silver salt, a reducing agent, and a binder, and at least one non-photosensitive layer, wherein a mean particle size of the non-photosensitive organic silver salt is 0.

Abstract: Methods for cyclone boiler flame diagnostics and control, including methods for monitoring the operating state of a cyclone furnace using linear and nonlinear signal analysis techniques, including temporal irreversibility and symbol sequence. Adjustments may be made in the air flow distribution to optimize performance. Signals for the main flame and lighter scanners are relatively independent, thereby allowing for independent control of the primary air flow to the burner and secondary air flow to the barrel.

Abstract: A piezoelectric lighter includes a lighter housing having a fuel storage chamber for storing liquefied gas therewithin, a gas releasing valve and a dual ignition arrangement adapted for generating two flames. The dual ignition arrangement includes second and second nozzles spacedly supported at the lighter housing, second and second piezoelectric units spacedly received in the lighter housing, and second and second actuators spacedly and movably mounted on the lighter housing. The second actuator is supported on top of the second piezoelectric unit to depress the second depressible part thereof for producing the second flame, wherein the second actuator is supported on top of the second piezoelectric unit to depress the second depressible part thereof for producing the second flame, such that the lighter is adapted for selectively producing the second and second flames via the second and second actuators respectively.

Abstract: A child resistant piezoelectric gas lighter includes an intermediate member (40, 60, 70, 80) and a safety button (50) which is operable to set the intermediate member from a disabled condition, wherein the trigger (30) is depressible without actuating the piezoelectric spark generator (20) or, less preferably, thee valve, to an enabled condition wherein the intermediate member transmits the actuating motion from the trigger to the piezoelectric device to generate a spark, and operate the lighter. The intermediate member may be a resilient leaf (40, 60) mounted at a fixed point on the trigger (30) or piezoelectric device (20) or may be a separate element (70) mounted on the lighter body (1) for translational movement and engaging both components.

Abstract: A gas burner includes a burner seat having therein a path for provision of gas, a burner core rested on an inner periphery defining the path and having multiple slits defined through opposite sides of the burner core and a burner cap placed on top of the burner seat to sandwich the burner core. The slits are defined in such a manner that an air flow inside the burner core is rotated and directed upward relative to the burner core.

Abstract: An apparatus for heat treating semiconductor wafers is disclosed. The apparatus includes a heating device which contains an assembly linear lamps for emitting light energy onto a wafer. The linear lamps can be placed in various configurations. In accordance with the present invention, tuning devices which are used to adjust the overall irradiance distribution of the light energy sources are included in the heating device. The tuning devices can be, for instance, are lamps or lasers.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of stabilising a refractory inner wall of a hot blast generative device having a wall configuration comprising an outer wall and a refractory inner wall, in particular the refractory inner wall of the combustion chamber of a hot blast generative device According to the invention the method comprises the steps of providing one or more holes through said wall configuration from the outside of the hot blast generative device; introducing a support for supporting the refractory inner wall in a hole thus provided, fixing said support to the outer wall.

Abstract: The present invention provides a heat package wherein a surface of a generating heat element that generates heat when exposed to atmosphere is placed against or attached to a heat conductive member. The heat element is protected from atmosphere until use. The heat package may include a heat-generating element attached to an insulating member with one or more air spaced there between. An outer surface of the heat-generating element can be exposed to atmosphere to produce heat when desired.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for anchoring orthodontic appliances or the like in the mouth wherein anchor screws of different constructions are installed in the bone in different areas of the mouth to insure adequate bone contact and retention. Each of the anchor screws has a threaded portion and a washer portion at the outer end of the threaded portion which is of sufficient width to engage the adjacent exterior bone surface when the threaded portion is installed in the bone to provide lateral support for the threaded portion. In some cases, the threaded portion is provided with threads of different sizes and the washer portion is provided with an exterior thread for cutting through gum tissue to enable the washer portion to engage the underlying adjacent exterior bone surface when the threaded portion is installed in the bone. Each anchor screw is provided with a lateral bore at the outer end thereof for receiving a ligature or the like therethrough to prevent the anchor screw from falling in the mouth.