Abstract: White-light efficiency from a light emitting diode is enhanced by recycling inwardly penetrating light outwardly by application of a multi-layer, thin film filter between the LED die and the phosphor layer. This procedure increases the package extraction efficiency.

Abstract: In an embodiment of the present invention, in an optical coupling element comprising a light emitting element and a light receiving element, a transparent sealing portion for sealing these elements, an opaque sealing portion that covers the transparent sealing portion, and terminals that are connected individually to the electrodes of the light emitting element and the light receiving element and are drawn out from a side face of the opaque sealing portion, the creeping distance being the sum of the gap distance between these terminals and their opposite side faces and the distance between the bottom edges of the side faces, a creeping distance extension face for extending the creeping distance is provided between the bottom face and the side face of the opaque sealing portion, and the gap distance between the terminals and the edge formed by the bottom face and this creeping distance extension face is set to a specific distance.

Abstract: A gas discharge lamp comprising a tubular discharge vessel having two end portions, wherein in each end portion an electrode is arranged for generating and maintaining a discharge in the discharge vessel, said lamp having two short substantially tubular end caps coaxially extending from both ends of the discharge vessel, wherein each electrode is connected with at least two external metal contact members arranged on one of said end caps for connecting the lamp with a power supply, each of said contact members comprising an at least partially substantially circular contact surface, and wherein the at least partially substantially circular contact surfaces are arranged coaxially with said substantially tubular end cap and are mutually axially spaced apart.

Abstract: A process for reducing Ag electromigration in electronic circuitry includes the step of treating the electronic circuitry with an electromigration resistant composition. This process is useful in fabricating electronic devices having electronic circuitry that is close together, such as resistors, capacitors, and displays, e.g., a plasma display panel (PDP) or a liquid crystal display (LCD).

Abstract: A plasma display panel having higher light-emitting luminance and efficiency of a discharge cell includes: a plurality of first barriers successively formed on a substrate at predetermined intervals; a plurality of first sustain electrodes formed at a width more than 40% of a pixel pitch, which is an overall distance of four of the barriers, to be orthogonal to the first barriers; a plurality of second sustain electrodes spaced apart from the first sustain electrodes at a distance less than 20% of the pixel pitch and mated with the first sustain electrodes one by one; a dielectric layer formed at a thickness of 25 ?m or more to cover the first and second sustain electrodes; and a plurality of pads formed on some of the dielectric layer corresponding to the first sustain electrodes and the second sustain electrodes in each discharge cell.

Abstract: A plasma display panel includes first and second substrates facing each other, a first barrier rib structure between the first and second substrates, the first barrier rib structure including first and second barrier rib portions in communication with each other, a second barrier rib structure on the second substrate, the second barrier rib structure aligned with the first barrier rib portion to define a plurality of discharge cells, a plurality of discharge electrodes, each discharge electrode including a discharge part in the first barrier rib portion, a terminal part in communication with the second barrier rib portion, and a connection part between the discharge and terminal parts, a signal transmitting member with conductive wires, the conductive wires being connected to the terminal parts, a support part between the second substrate and the second barrier rib portion of the first barrier rib structure, and photoluminescent layers in the discharge cells.

Abstract: A plasma display panel is able to contrast thereof by increasing a color temperature of the plasma display panel, which comprises a dielectric layer controlling a light transmittance for visible light of a certain wavelength emitted from a phosphor in the plasma display panel.

Abstract: A composition of a dielectric for a plasma display panel can prevent colloid generation and yellowing. To this end, the composition of a dielectric for the plasma display panel is composed of transition-metal oxide such as cobalt oxide (CoO) or copper oxide (CuO).

Abstract: A Plasma Display Panel (PDP) in which a dummy area is arranged so as to retain phosphor paste ejected from extra nozzles when a plurality of nozzles are used to apply phosphor paste.

Abstract: An arc discharge lamp (10) has a lamp envelope (12) and an arc discharge vessel (14) mounted within the envelope (12). An arc centering structure (60) is positioned within the arc discharge vessel for substantially centering the arc. The centering structure (60) is preferably fixedly mounted within the arc discharge vessel (14) and preferably comprises a metal annulus (62) that incandesces during lamp operation and adds to the light output of the lamp. In a preferred embodiment, the lamp is suitable for vertical or horizontal operation.

Abstract: In an example embodiment, an electrodeless plasma lamp is provided which comprises a lamp body comprising a dielectric material having a relative permittivity greater than 2, and a bulb adjacent to the lamp body, the bulb containing a fill that forms a plasma when RF power is coupled to the fill from the lamp body. An RF feed is coupled to the lamp body and a radio frequency (RF) power source for coupling power into the lamp body through the RF feed is provided. A shortest distance between an end of the bulb and a point on the RF feed traverses at least one electrically conductive material of the lamp body.

Abstract: The invention relates to a circuit (2) comprising at least two parallel-connected light-emitting diodes (4, 5) opposite poled in a first parallel branch (12) and comprising at least two parallel-connected light-emitting diodes (6, 7) opposite poled in a second parallel branch (13), and also comprising a capacitor (8) and a coil (9). According to the invention, the first parallel branch (12) has a capacitor (8) and the second parallel branch (13) has the coil (9). On account of the capacitive parallel branch (10) and the inductive parallel branch (11), idle currents arise which are phase-shifted with respect to one another. The idle currents compensate one another and light changes of the oppositely-poled diode pairs take place at different points in time. A light current is thun smoothed.

Abstract: An LED driver circuit is disclosed that can drive a plurality of LED strings that are arranged in parallel, each LED string having a plurality of component LEDs that are series-connected. The LED strings can be the same type of LEDs in each string, or have different types of LEDs from one string to another. The LED driver includes a voltage control loop that dynamically regulates the output voltage across the parallel arrangement of LED strings. The output voltage is dynamically adjusted to accommodate the LED string with the largest operational voltage drop. This enables LED displays to constructed using different types of LEDs strings, but still supply the LED strings in a power efficient manner. Further, each LED string also includes its own individual current regulation loop so that the current, and therefore brightness, of each LED string can be individually adjusted.

Abstract: Circuits are disclosed, for example for driving fluorescent lamps, and such circuits may form part of a ballast. First and second sensing circuits can apply respective signals to a control circuit as a function of an end-of-lamp life condition and of the number of re-strike attempts.

Abstract: A driving apparatus used for driving a light source is provided. The driving apparatus includes a signal processing unit, a control unit, and a driving unit. The signal processing unit generates an enabling signal and a dimming signal according to an input signal. The control unit includes an enabling module and a dimming module. The enabling module enables the driving apparatus according to the enabling signal, and the dimming module generates a dimming driving signal according to the dimming signal. The driving unit adjusts the brightness of the light source according to the dimming driving signal.

Abstract: Provided is a light device according to one embodiment comprises a backlight unit, a plurality of color sensors, a backlight unit driver, and a backlight unit controller. The backlight unit comprises a light emitting diode device to provide light. The plurality of color sensors senses a wavelength and an amount of light from the light emitting diode device to transmit sensed values as feedback. The backlight unit driver supplies driving power having a duty ratio of pulse width modulation to the light emitting diode. The backlight unit controller receives the sensed values to calculate an average value, a maximum value, a median value, and a minimum value, and then controls the duty ratio using the average value, the maximum value, the median value, and the minimum value.

Abstract: A circuit such as may be used for igniting and operating a gas discharge lamp is provided. The circuit includes a resonant circuit connected to receive a variable voltage output signal from an inverter. The resonant circuit includes a first circuit stage and a second circuit stage. The second circuit stage includes a resonant tank circuit configured to generate a resonant output voltage when a switching frequency of the inverter matches a resonant frequency of the resonant circuit. The first circuit stage includes at least one current-suppressing element for reducing an effect of a resonant current that flows in the resonant circuit on a switching current that flows in the inverter.

Abstract: A light source unit for use in, for example, a backlight for illuminating a display panel of a liquid crystal display apparatus, includes a cold-cathode tube having discharge electrodes provided one in each end portion of a glass tube whose interior is filled with a discharge gas. A coil as an inductance element is connected to at least one of the discharge electrodes of the cold-cathode tube so as to eliminate the difficulty in handling a cold-cathode tube caused by its having a negative characteristic such that, as the current flowing therethrough increases, the resistance across it decreases, causing the cold cathode-tube to succumb to current runaway.

Abstract: In general, the present disclosure pertains to systems and methods for controlling the states of lights and/or other electrical components. In one exemplary embodiment, a system includes at least one light source, a light indicator, and logic. The logic is configured to control the light indicator such that the light indicator emits light indicative of a current operational state of the at least one light source. The logic further is configured to change a brightness of the light indicator in response to a determination that a specified time period has been reached.

Abstract: A method for driving a light-emitting diode includes the step of modulating the luminance of the light-emitting diode with current density within the range of 20 A/cm2 or less. The light-emitting diode includes a p-type layer, an n-type layer, and a light-emitting layer disposed therebetween and having an indium-containing quantum well structure. Each of the p-type layer, the n-type layer, and the light-emitting layer includes a nitride-based group III-V compound semiconductor crystal having a wurtzite structure. The light-emitting layer has a main surface inclined at an angle of 0.25° to 2° with respect to a c-plane.

Abstract: An apparatus is disclosed for automatic light dimming of electronic and magnetic ballasts used for fluorescent or high intensity discharge lamps. A variable capacitant's limiting current is added in the lamps which provides lighting intensity controls without changing the ballast's operation frequency. Several capacitors are placed in line with a terminal for the lamp. The capacitor's switching capability is used to change the current received by the lamp. The amount of voltage can be controlled by either varying the supply voltage, or with an elimination sensor, or by manual potentiometer control.

Abstract: The IRS21681D is a fully integrated, fully protected 600V ballast control IC designed to drive all types of fluorescent lamps. The IRS21681D is based on the popular IR2166 control IC with additional improvements to increase ballast performance. PFC circuitry operates in critical conduction mode and provides high PF, low THD and DC bus regulation. The IRS21681D features include programmable preheat and run frequencies, programmable preheat time, programmable ignition ramp, programmable PFC over-current protection, and programmable end-of-life protection. Comprehensive protection features such as protection from failure of a lamp to strike, filament failures, end-of-life protection, DC bus under-voltage reset as well as an automatic restart function, have been included in the design. The IRS2168D has, in addition, closed-loop half-bridge ignition current regulation and a novel fault counter. The IRS21681D, unlike the IRS2168D, ramps up during ignition and shuts down at the first over-current fault.

Abstract: Pulse Density Modulation (PDM) is used to control the amount of light from a fluorescent lamp by applying a voltage to the lamp filaments at a low frequency that is approximately at a series resonant frequency of the lamp ballast inductor and the lamp filament capacitor, no voltage and a voltage at a high frequency. The lamp gas ionizes to produce light only when the low frequency voltage is applied. The fluorescent lamp gas does not ionize when the voltage at the high frequency is applied, but the high frequency voltage keeps the lamp filaments warm during low light output conditions. The low frequency, no and high frequency voltages have time periods that occur within a modulation frame time period that repeats continuously. The ratio of the low frequency voltage time period, and the no voltage and/or high frequency voltage time periods determine the light output of the fluorescent lamp.

Abstract: The present invention provides a driving circuit with protection function for driving a set of external electrode fluorescent lamps (EEFL). The drive circuit includes: a transformer connected to the set of EEFLs; a switching network connected to the transformer which delivers power to the transformer; a sensing circuit connected to the set of EEFLs which detects disconnection if one light source is disconnected; and a controller connected to the switching network which controls the switching network to reduce the total current supplied to the EEFLs which remain connected, if the sensing circuit detects that one EEFL is disconnected. Appropriate protection can therefore be implemented when the EEFL is disconnected on one end or both ends.

Abstract: A system comprising at least one flywheel, a first motor, a dynamo, and a second motor. The first motor may consuming electrical power and urging rotation of the flywheel. The dynamo may use rotational energy received from the flywheel to generate electrical power. The second motor may consuming at least a portion of the electrical power generated by the dynamo. Also, the second motor may have a rating corresponding to a maximum consumption of electrical power that is more than double the maximum consumption of electrical power of the first motor.

Abstract: A device, method and computer program product for effecting vibrations in a device.

Abstract: A servomotor in a numerical controller is controlled by automatically switching to either pressure control or position control in association with the command which is smaller from among a command obtained by performing pressure feedback control and a command obtained by performing position feedback control. When switched to pressure control while moving according to a movement command, the output of the movement command is terminated halfway, and the command in the next block is executed, and pressure control of the next command is immediately started.

Abstract: A device controller system incorporates an inexpensive Hall element to detect motion of a brushless DC motor. A magnet, which is part of a motor rotor, passes by the Hall element producing a Hall voltage each rotation. The Hall voltage is coupled through an interface port to a comparator within a process controller. A microprocessor within the process controller calculates a control response based on a comparator output signal. The interface port is rapidly configured to provide signals produced from the control response as output to device drivers on the same input-output pins that receive the Hall voltage. The device drivers produce a current through fan coils producing an update in the magnetic field of each motor phase which updates the speed of the fan according to programming within the process controller. Rapid configuring and reconfiguring of the interface port allows all necessary components of the controller system to be used with a single rotational commutation cycle.

Abstract: A current limiting DC motor starter employing a closed loop current measurement to provide precise current control that adapts to changing motor conditions, integrated with a solid state reversing motor starter. The motor starter further includes a calibrated overcurrent indication and a control system interface that reduces the likelihood that cable faults and other single failures will cause spurious actuation of the motor.

Abstract: A method for controlling a motor (2) which drives a disk-shaped tool (4) of a power tool (1) and to which a motor voltage in the amount of a nominal value is applied in an “on” position of a motor switch (6), includes determination of an actual motor current (IM) applied to the motor (2) and comparing it to a first predetermined threshold (GW1), and automatically triggering of a control process for protecting the motor (2) when an overload condition which is defined in that the first predetermined threshold (GW1) is exceeded beyond a first predetermined limiting time period (grDt1), is met, the control process including reduction of the motor voltage applied to the motor (2) by a magnitude that can be perceived by the user as a choke value.

Abstract: A synchronous motor control device having an optimal protection function in accordance with an operational state of a motor is provided.

Abstract: A servo control apparatus includes a motor including a motor shaft, the motor for driving a drive subject; a detecting section that detects a rotation position of the motor shaft; and a control system configured to generate a motor torque command for the motor using the rotation position. The control system includes an observer configured to estimate friction torque occurring in the vicinity of the motor shaft on the basis of the rotation position and an application voltage to the motor. The observer is configured to generate a compensation voltage to be added to the application voltage on the basis of the friction torque.

Abstract: An apparatus is provided for controlling drive of a motor mounted on a vehicle and formed to have a rotor and a stator equipped with a plurality of phases of coils to be supplied by current in turn, phase by phase, to rotate the rotor. The apparatus comprises a voltage detector, temperature detector, setting block, and current-supply block. Of these, the voltage detector detects a voltage of power to be applied to the motor, while the temperature detector detects a temperature of the motor. The setting block uses the detected temperature and the detected voltage of the power to set a target torque at which the motor should generate a torque. The current-supply block supplies current to the motor so that the motor generates the torque on the target torque set by the setting block.

Abstract: A reeving system for filming movies, sporting events, or any other activity that requires fluid movement of a camera or other object to any position within a defined volume of space. To accomplish positioning embodiments move an object throughout three-dimensional space by relocating one or more lines that are feed through a plurality of opposing sides of the object. These line(s) (e.g., a cable, rope, string, cord, wire, or any other flexible connective element) which support the object from above or below the object within a volume of space are arranged in way that allows the object to be rapidly moved to and from any location within the defined volume of space. For instance, the system may be arranged to perform dimensional movement using one line configured as an endless loop, one line configured as a half loop, two lines configured as endless loops or two lines configured as half loops.

Abstract: A method and computer program product for defining a PWM drive signal having a defined voltage potential. The PWM drive signal has a plurality of “on” portions and a plurality of “off” portions that define a first duty cycle for regulating, at least in part, a flow rate of a pump assembly. At least a portion of the “on” portions of the PWM drive signal are pulse width modulated to define a second duty cycle for the at least a portion of the “on” portions of the PWM drive signal. The second duty cycle regulates, at least in part, the percentage of the defined voltage potential applied to the pump assembly.

Abstract: A method of actuating a movable object in a first degree of freedom includes a) providing a first motor assembly including one or more motors of a first type and a second motor assembly including one or more motors of a second type, each of the first and second motor assembles being configured to move the movable object in the first degree of freedom, b) feeding the first motor assembly with a feed-forward signal of a feed-forward unit on the basis of a feed-forward reference signal, and c) feeding the second motor assembly with a control signal of a position control unit on the basis of a position control reference signal.

Abstract: In an apparatus using an inverter as a motor drive apparatus, continuous operation can be permitted during a motor open-phase without providing any additional switching element. Especially, in an electric brake apparatus, higher security can be assured. When a motor winding of one phase occurs an open-phase, currents are conducted to the remaining normal phases while taking the position of a rotor of motor into account to thereby generate torque of the motor. Since the motor torque can be generated continuously in the event of a phase malfunction, reliability of apparatus such as the electric brake apparatus can be improved.

Abstract: A solid state reversing AC motor starter that employs a DC power source and a power bridge employing insulated gate bipolar transistors that provide an ungrounded three phase AC output. The AC output is connected to the power input of the motor starter, which requires simultaneous RUN and Directional Commands to initiate valve actuation.

Abstract: A system and method for controlling an inverter of a motor control unit includes a controller having a user interface configured to allow user selection of a waveform increment value or a waveform amplitude threshold. The controller also includes an integrator configured to receive the waveform increment value and generate a signal at least based on the waveform increment value. A logic circuit is configured to monitor the signal and reset the integrator when the signal reaches the waveform amplitude threshold to generate a waveform having a frequency-independent amplitude. A comparator compares the waveform to a modulating signal to trigger gating pulses delivered to an inverter to drive an associated motor.

Abstract: A battery pack that is charged with power generated in an external power generator and supplies battery power to an external load in parallel with the external power generator, and a power receiving device of a portable electronic device that receives and supplies battery power to an external load in parallel with the external power generator, the battery pack including: a battery cell to discharge power based on a charged amount of electric charge; an external power input terminal to receive power from an external power generator; a power output terminal to supply power to an external load; and a voltage transforming circuit to transform voltage of the power received through the external power input terminal to transfer the transformed voltage to the power output terminal.

Abstract: A linear battery chargers is disclosed which comprises a current generator, a current detector, an operational amplifier, and a multiplexing device. The current generator provides current to charge a battery module, and the current is detected and transformed to a detected voltage by the current detector. The operational amplifier has an output terminal coupled to a control terminal of the current generator. In a constant current charge mode, the multiplexing device couples a first reference voltage and the detected voltage to first and second input terminals of the operational amplifier, respectively. The current generated by the current generator is maintained at a constant current level. In a constant voltage charge mode, the multiplexing device couples a second reference voltage and the voltage level of the battery module to the first and second input terminals of the operational amplifier, respectively. The voltage level of the battery module gradually approaches a constant voltage level.

Abstract: A device associates an enclosing capsule in which will be fitted electronic equipment requiring dehumidification, and a medium-to-low voltage converter to recharge electronic equipment. Heat energy released by the coil in the converter will lead to a free thermal exchange of air between the inside and the outside of the capsule, produced by the natural convection from vent holes located in the lower part of the device through which air will be sucked from the outside and vent holes located in the upper part of the device through which warm air thus produced will escape. The circulation of unsaturated warm air around the electronic equipment has the effect of removing the water molecules on the components by saturating the ambient air in the confinement zone, this air being evacuated through vent holes located in the upper part of the device.

Abstract: A battery charger with electroluminescent panel primary comprises a battery charger, an electroluminescent panel and a housing. The electroluminescent panel is connected to a battery charger and having a driving controller and cables of driver circuit, the battery charger having a charger controller and cables of charger circuit, and the housing accommodating the battery charger and electroluminescent panel. The electroluminescent panel is attached to the battery charger by means of the connecting cables to be displayed the information of charging. The electroluminescent panel is installed at easy-to-reach display location for the convenience of its users. Other features beneficial to users include a better display interface of charged progress, charging capacity display, alarm information, company logo, as well as, indicating the battery capacity instead of voltage instrument when the city power source does not connect with the battery charger.

Abstract: A charging control system for lithium battery is provided, and it detects the existing voltage of the charging lithium battery by a voltage detector and passes this voltage value to a microprocessor preset in the hand-held apparatus. Thus, the microprocessor can decide the applicable charge stage and confirm the status of the charging battery depending on the different voltage values in real time. Next, the microprocessor controls a control unit by a pulse width modulation signal to modulate the power-source, which comes from an adaptor, as a constant current or a constant voltage to charge the battery. Accordingly, the charge process is completed by repeating the voltage detection and the duty cycle modulation of the control unit.

Abstract: The present invention provides a system and method for operating a rechargeable battery, the system comprising: current maintaining device for maintaining a predetermined current to the rechargeable battery until the rechargeable battery reaches a predetermined maximum voltage; voltage maintaining device for maintaining a predetermined voltage to the rechargeable battery until a predetermined minimum current is delivered to the rechargeable battery; determining device for determining a cyclical charge value delivered to the rechargeable battery by the current maintaining device and the voltage maintaining device during a cycle; and a correction device for correcting the determining device when charge is not being delivered to the rechargeable battery, on the basis of the charge value.

Abstract: A battery management system that estimates an internal impedance of a battery, a method of driving the same, a device that estimates an internal impedance of a battery, and a method of estimating the internal impedance of a battery. A method of driving a battery management system that estimates the internal impedance of a battery including a plurality of cells includes generating a battery equivalent model of the battery, receiving a terminal voltage signal and a charge and discharge current signal of the battery, and generating a first discrete signal corresponding to the terminal voltage signal of the battery and a second discrete signal corresponding to the charge and discharge current signal of the battery, and filtering the first discrete signal and the second discrete signal according to a frequency range corresponding to the battery equivalent model so as to estimate the internal impedance of the battery.

Abstract: A battery pack is provided. The battery pack includes: a core pack including a bare cell, and a protective circuit member attached on a side of the bare cell; a housing case for covering at least a portion of the protective circuit member of the core pack, and where a connection part adapted to be connected with an outer electronic appliance is disposed; and a resin-molding part for combining the core pack and the housing case by contacting at least a portion of the core pack and the housing case.

Abstract: A battery management system for managing a battery including a plurality of battery cells and a driving method are provided. The system includes a sensor, and a main control unit (MCU). The sensor senses a voltage and a current of the battery. The MCU receives the voltage and the current of the battery, measures an open circuit voltage (OCV) in key-on using the battery voltage, and estimates an initial SOC depending on the OCV in the key-on. The MCU divides the OCV into first and second OCV regions, and, when the OCV in the key-on is in the first OCV region, estimates the initial SOC using a linear equation.

Abstract: A technology for charging the battery of a terminal device with efficiency. In a wireless game controller, a charge control unit supplies electric power from an external power supply to a battery. A communication management unit receives a drive request signal to a vibrating motor. A motor control unit supplies a drive current to the vibrating motor in accordance with the drive request signal. The charge control unit performs charge control for the battery in a first mode when the communication management unit does not receive the drive request signal, and performs charge control for the battery in a second mode when the communication management unit does receive the drive request signal. The charge control unit performs the charge control for the battery in the first mode using a charging current higher than that in the second mode.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a charging system comprises a charging device including a converter for converting a commercial AC current into a DC current and a switching unit for supplying the DC current from the converter through a wiring path to exterior to open and close the wiring path according to a detection signal, and an information device including a battery to be charged to which the DC current from the charging device is supplied through the wiring path of the charging device, an abnormality detector for, when an abnormality of the DC current is detected, supplying the detection signal to the switching unit of the charging device, and an information processor for processing information when the information processor is supplied with a power source from the battery to be charged.