Abstract: A method of image processing using neural networks. Images to be processed and displayed are received. Each image is divided into sections, each comprising pixels represented by color values. A neural network training procedure is executed for the sections to obtain color value tables and mapping tables. Each color value table comprises colors represented by the color values. The mapping tables record the relations between each pixel and the colors in the color value tables. The color value tables and the mapping tables are recorded in an electronic device for image display.

Abstract: To provide an environment-compliant image display system, image processing method, and information storage medium that enable correction of images within a shorter time, a Y value of color signals (Y3, x3, y3) measured by a color light sensor 60 and converted by an Y3x3y3 conversion section 143 is replaced with Y1, which is a Y value of an ideal environment, by a Y replacing section 142; color difference between the replaced color signals (Y1, x3, y3) and ideal color signals (Y1, x1, y1) is obtained by a color difference calculation section 145; and image display information is corrected by using that color difference (?x, ?y).

Abstract: An airport display device including a display including at least one window, a database including data related to an airport, a selector configured to select a degree of zoom for the airport to be displayed from a plurality of different degrees of zoom, a control unit connected to the display, the database and the selector and configured to control the display to display in the at least one window the airport according to a scale value representative of the degree of zoom selected by the selector, and a changing unit configured to change the scale value representative of the degree of zoom.

Abstract: A document sheet issuing system suitable for manufacturing a product based on an ordering by a retailer issues a plurality of documents, e.g., guarantee card, user registration card, on which data including a name of retailer is printed during manufacturing. The issued documents are attached to a carton box in which manufactured product is packed before the product is delivered to thereby reduce troublesome operation by the retailer. The system uses a laminated medium including a lower document sheet and an upper document sheet peelably laminated on the lower sheet. A first data is printed firstly on the lower sheet through the upper sheet and a second data different from the first data is then printed on the upper sheet.

Abstract: A scanning unit of an image-forming device has a polygon mirror for deflecting a laser beam across the surface of a photosensitive member. A disc that rotates together with the polygon mirror is provided with a reference mark. When the reference mark passes a photointerrupter, the photointerrupter detects the rotating position of the polygon mirror. A counter measures the number of pulses in a reference clock from the moment the photointerrupter detects the reference mark until a sensor provided in a measuring device detects the laser beam deflected by the polygon mirror, and the value of the counter is stored in memory as timing data. When the scanning unit is subsequently mounted in an image-forming device, the count value stored in memory is used to control the exposure timing for irradiating the photosensitive member in the image-forming device with the laser beam.

Abstract: A folding mobile communications terminal according to the present invention is a folding mobile communications terminal that has a photographing function and is openable/closable. This folding mobile communications terminal detects whether the folds are closed, and disables the photographing function if the folds are closed.

Abstract: A housing apparatus for receiving an image pickup device provided with a light projecting portion for projecting light is provided. The housing apparatus includes a receiving portion for receiving a diffusion plate for diffusing light from the light projecting portion. The receiving portion discloses a housing apparatus, such as a water-proof case, to which the diffusion plate is detachably attachable.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for detecting and measuring the optical distortion in pieces of glass and other reflective sheets are disclosed. The method inspects the full length and width of large area glass sheets or multiple sheets comprising a load of glass and uses optical magnification of a reflected circular image of precise size. A plurality of circular images is projected onto the glass and reflect as ellipsoids representative of local surface contours. The major and minor axes of the reflected axis define the axis of greatest magnification and demagnification. Distortions in the glass surface are measured in lens power as localized magnification at the elliptical axis. The angle and magnitude of the minor and major axis of the reflected ellipsoids provide data to map the surface profile of the glass. The method measures distortion of random or periodic frequency and measures distortion in all axes.

Abstract: The method for producing road or street section data for a digital map includes providing a vehicle (7) with an image producing device (1) for generating image data of surroundings of the vehicle and a position determining device (4) for generating vehicle position data; driving the vehicle over at least one road or street section (8) and at the same time simultaneously collecting the image data with the image producing device (1) and acquiring the vehicle position data with the position determining device (4); analyzing the image data with an image processing device (2), in order to assemble a road or street section description; and correlating the vehicle position data and the road or street section description with a correlation device, in order to produce the road or street section data for the digital map. The invention also includes an apparatus for producing the road or street section description according to the method of the invention.

Abstract: A method for displaying data within a video display having on screen message display capability. The method comprises the steps of accessing digital data within the display, and displaying each bit of data as a character forming part of an on screen message display representation of the digital data.

Abstract: A line buffer and a method of providing data to a 3×3 line interpolation processor using the line buffer in an image processing system, such as a digital camera, includes a readable and writable single memory, a buffer register having a prior data area storing first line image data, which has been stored in a memory, in a unit of 2m bits, and having a present data area storing second image data, which is inputted from an image sensor in a unit of m bits, in a unit of the 2m bits, and a memory controller providing the memory with a chip enable signal, a write enable signal, and an address indicating locations of the first and second line image data stored in the buffer register, reading and writing the first and second line image data from and on the memory, and outputting the first and second line image data and a third line image data, which is inputted from the image sensor.

Abstract: It is an object of this invention to provide an apparatus which can properly expose a main object regardless of the background conditions. In order to achieve this object, there is provided an apparatus comprising a photometric unit for receiving object light and converting the object light into luminance signals of a plurality of areas, and a control unit for calculating the histogram of the luminance distribution on the basis of the luminance signals of the plurality of areas converted by the photometric unit, and controlling the operation of an illumination device for illuminating the object on the basis of the calculation result.

Abstract: An image sensor capable of preventing the cross-talk phenomenon due to a deep penetration depth and a low absorption coefficient of red light in a photodiode region and a method for fabricating the same, wherein the photodiode for collecting incident light has different depths in accordance with the wavelength of the incident light. The photodiode for receiving red light, which has the longest wavelength, has the deepest depth, the photodiode for receiving blue light has the least depth, and the photodiode for receiving green light, which has a wavelength between the red light and the blue light has an intermediate depth.

Abstract: In the present invention, first of all, an image in each field is monitored by carrying out monitoring. An evaluation value of an AE is calculated from a result of the monitoring, and if the result of the calculation shows that the image is not in low luminance, data in each of the fields is read out by carrying out an exposure, and a normal process for a still image is performed. If the result of the calculation shows that the image is in the low luminance, the exposure and read out of the field data such as a difference in a luminance in each of the fields are carried out, and first and second field data are compared. Then, whether an object moves or not is determined from a result of the comparison, and if the object is determined to be moved, the normal process for the still image is performed. If the object is determined not to be moved, the entire field data from the first to third field data are added.

Abstract: A photonic buoy including a lengthy hull with a ballast portion which resides below the waterline and a top portion which is disposed above the waterline; an optical bench at the top portion of the hull configured to provide a panoramic view of the horizon; and a transmission cable extending from the optical bench for transmitting video signals to a remote location.

Abstract: Auto focus control is exerted based on a focus evaluation value indicating a degree of sharpness of an image obtained from a plurality of image pickup devices placed at positions of different light path lengths. There is provided a device which makes a correction on sensitivity of the focus evaluation value obtained from each image pickup devices. It is thereby possible to make an adequate correction on a sensitivity of the focus evaluation value so as to exert the auto focus control with high accuracy. It is also possible to automatically make a correction on the sensitivity of the focus evaluation value and eliminate troublesome labor. All or a part of signal processing for the auto focus control is performed by a single processing part by time-sharing. Thereby, a circuit scale can be miniaturized and power consumption can be reduced.

Abstract: An anti-theft device for protection of wildlife surveillance camera systems mounted on a tree includes an external housing fitting over the camera system and substantially enclosing it on all sides. On the front side the housing has a frame overlapping the camera and preventing its removal, while leaving a central portion open to allow viewing by the camera and instruments. The housing has two brackets, one integral with a top side and another one integral with a bottom side of the housing, both brackets at a right angle with the side. The brackets are both bent upward so that the bottom one is underneath the body of the housing and the top one is outside of the body. The brackets are both connected by a lag bolt which is made essentially inaccessible and out of sight. In position underneath the housing, the bottom lag bolt is protected by the housing. The top lag bolt has its head located outside of the housing, but protection is provided by a hub and plug lock denying access.

Abstract: A method for deinterlacing a picture is disclosed. The method generally includes the steps of (A) determining a protection condition by performing a static check on the picture in a region around a location interlaced with a first field of the picture, (B) calculating an interpolated sample at the location by temporal averaging the first field with a second field in response to the protection condition indicating significant vertical activity and (C) calculating the interpolated sample at the location by spatial filtering the first field in response to the protection condition indicating insignificant vertical activity.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus of displaying component video signals. Firstly, a component video signal is received, and a vertical synchronous signal and a horizontal synchronous signal are separated from the component video signal. Thereafter, the format of the component video signal is determined by analyzing the vertical synchronous signal and the horizontal synchronous signal, and a video processing route corresponding to the format of the component video signal is chosen to generate visual output from the component video signal. Thus the visual output is displayed.

Abstract: Signal processing methods and systems for cross-color suppression. A chrominance signal extracted from a composite TV signal by s Y/C separator is provided to a chroma demodulator to produce a baseband chrominance signal. A chroma regulator regulates the baseband chrominance signal to obtain a regulated baseband chrominance signal. The baseband chrominance signal and the regulated baseband chrominance signal are provided to a chroma mixer to determine a final chrominance signal. The chroma mixer determines the final chrominance signal according to image similarity calculated by an image similarity calculator.

Abstract: A video signal improving circuit comprises an input section which receives a video signal; a delay circuit which delays the video signal to generate a plurality of delayed video signals which have delayed times different from one another; an improving signal producing circuit which generates, as an improving signal, an improving amount for performing a transient improvement on the video signal based upon an original video signal before delay and the plurality of delayed video signals; a band-limiting filter which performs a frequency band limitation on the improving signal; a timing correcting circuit which causes timings of any one of the plurality of delayed video signals and the improving signal which has passed through the band-limiting filter to match with each other; and an adder which adds the improving signal which has passed through the band-limiting filter to the delayed video signal which has passed through the timing correcting circuit.

Abstract: A display apparatus to receive a picture signal containing information of a picture and to process the picture signal using at least an area distinguishing the picture from another picture includes a motion detector to detect whether there is a motion in the area of the picture signal, a hysteresis generator to output hysteresis information on each area according to a detected result of the motion detector from a previous frame up to a current frame, a moving picture detector to detect whether the picture signal is a moving picture signal or a still picture signal in the area on the basis of the hysteresis information, and a gradation level converter to convert the picture signal corresponding to the area into either a group of gradation levels for a moving picture to display the moving picture signal or a group of gradation levels for a still picture to display the still picture signal according to a detecting result of the moving picture detector.

Abstract: An analog-to-digital converter converts a video signal into a digital video signal consisting of N bits and outputs the converted signal. A correction value memory stores correction data consisting of M bits which is used to correct the difference in luminance between display pixels on a display. A multiplier multiplies the video signal consisting of N bits output from the analog-to-digital converter by the correction data consisting of M bits stored in the correction value memory, and outputs a video signal consisting of L bits with which the difference in luminance between display pixels on the display is corrected.

Abstract: A circuit and method for clamping a composite video component signal at the video black level by using horizontal synchronization timing information contained within the signal and clamping the signal during a time interval in which it is at the desired black level.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for transmitting and receiving multiple signals inclusively in one channel are provided. The apparatus for transmitting multiple signals inclusively includes a single-sideband signal synthesis unit which synthesizes single-sideband signals having predetermined bands to generate an inclusive single-sideband signal which includes the bands of the single-sideband signals; a main modulation unit which modulates an inclusive single-sideband signal with a primary carrier frequency to generate an inclusive double-sideband signal where the primary carrier frequency is the center frequency; a main band pass filter which allows only any one single-sideband signal of an inclusive double-sideband signal to generate an inclusive single-sideband signal where a primary carrier frequency is an edge frequency of the inclusive band; and an inclusive single-sideband signal transmission unit which transmits an inclusive single-sideband signal.

Abstract: A substrate includes adjacent first and second pixel regions defined by first and second gate lines extending in a first direction and a data line extending in a second direction that crosses the gate lines. First and second driving thin film transistors formed in the first and second pixel regions, respectively, are connected to the data line. A first synchronization adjusting thin film transistor formed in the first pixel region and is connected to the second gate line. A first connection line is connected to the first driving thin film transistor and the first synchronization adjusting thin film transistor. The first connection line overlaps a conductive line along a direction of extension of the conductive line. First and second pixel electrodes are connected to the first synchronization adjusting thin film transistor and the second driving thin film transistor, respectively.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device has a capacitance-compensated structure disposed on the side of the drain overlapping a pixel electrode. The capacitance-compensated structure can compensate the gate-drain parasitic capacitor (Cgd) when the parasitic capacitance in the overlapping region between the drain and the gate is changed.

Abstract: When a polarization axis of a first polarizing plate is parallel to that of a second polarizing plate, a light emitted from a backlight is transmitted, on the other hand, when a polarization axis of the first polarizing plate is orthogonal with that of the second polarizing plate, a light emitted from the backlight is mostly blocked off. A character and scale are constructed by a ½? phase difference plate, so that the emitted light from the backlight, which enters to the character and scale, has a deflection direction reverse to that of the first polarizing plate. When the light emitted from the backlight is blocked, differently from a conventional artificial (pseudo) black color, a color extremely close to black color is seen. The contrast ratio and visibility are improved.

Abstract: The invention relates to a manufacturing method of a liquid crystal display device in which an alignment direction of a liquid crystal molecule at the time of driving is regulated by using a polymer, and has an object to provide a manufacturing method of a liquid crystal display device in which excellent display characteristics can be obtained. A liquid crystal layer containing a polymerizable component capable of being polymerized by light is sealed between two substrates arranged to be opposite to each other, the polymerizable component is polymerized by irradiation of light under a predetermined light irradiation condition while a voltage is applied to the liquid crystal layer under a predetermined voltage application condition, and when a pre-tilt angle of a liquid crystal molecule and/or an alignment direction at a time of driving is regulated, at least one of the voltage application condition and the light irradiation condition is changed for each region.

Abstract: A transflective liquid crystal display device, improved in luminance and contrast to improve the viewability and the color reproducibility in color display better, having scattering diffusion reflectors formed at a first transparent substrate and a transparent window formed at the first transparent substrate surrounding the diffusion reflectors in an unevenness distribution. Since the easily regular reflecting regions around the diffusion reflectors are formed with the transparent window, both the reflectance of diffused and reflected front light and the transmittance of back light can be improved.

Abstract: A color filter including red, green, and blue resists in three subpixel regions in each pixel region is disclosed. One pixel region includes two kinds of color resists, and the color resist in the reflective region has lower purity than the color resist in the transmissive region. Another pixel region includes only one kind of color resist.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes a single liquid crystal panel in which a liquid crystal material is sealed in a clearance between two transparent substrates, at least one light source, and at least one light-conducting plate. The liquid crystal panel includes a transmitting region and a reflecting region. A part of a first surface of the liquid crystal panel is a first display surface for the transmitting region and a part of a second surface of the liquid crystal panel is a second display surface for the reflecting region. A two-sided display is provided from a single liquid crystal panel and a thin and light-weight liquid crystal display device is achieved.

Abstract: Described are various compensators for compensating for in-plate and out-of-plane retardances of LC panels in their dark states.

Abstract: A projector includes: a liquid crystal panel in which liquid crystal molecules to be irradiated with light from a light source are sealed; a polarizing plate disposed in a position to face the liquid crystal panel; and an optical compensation sheet disposed between the polarizing plate and the liquid crystal panel and compensating birefringence of the liquid crystal molecules. The optical compensation sheet can be adjusted by being swung in a plane orthogonal to the optical axis, and its normal can be adjusted so as to be tilted from the optical axis.

Abstract: An optical compensation film wherein: (i) molecules of a liquid crystalline compound are oriented in a manner that an average tilt angle of the compounds is not more than 4 degrees; (ii) the orientation is fixed; (iii) Ro(?) values are: at wavelength 589 nm: 40-130 nm; at 600 nm: 35-125 nm; and at 630 nm: 35-120 nm; (iv) Rt(?) value are 120-400 400 nm in ? range of 500-630 nm; and (v) Values of Ro(589), Ro(600) and Ro(630) satisfy the following formulae: 1.0<B<7.0 B=(Ro(589)?Ro(630))/(Ro(600)?Ro(630)).

Abstract: Exemplary embodiments provide a liquid crystal display capable of effectively reducing or preventing the alignment disorder of liquid crystal caused by an active element for switching a pixel, capable of achieving uniform and wide viewing angle display, and preferably capable of high quality color display. The liquid crystal display according to exemplary embodiments of the present invention includes an element substrate having a plurality of pixels, each pixel mainly including a pixel electrode and a TFD element; an opposite substrate opposing the element substrate; and a liquid crystal layer between both substrates. The liquid crystal layer includes liquid crystal with negative dielectric anisotropy, the initial alignment of molecules of the liquid crystal being vertical. A dielectric projection is provided on the inner side of the element substrate or the opposite substrate, the dielectric projection being located in the same position as the TFD element in plan view.

Abstract: A substrate for a liquid crystal display (LCD) device includes: gate and data lines crossing each other to define a pixel region on a substrate; a thin film transistor adjacent to where the gate and data lines cross, the thin film transistor including a gate electrode, a semiconductor pattern, a source electrode and a drain electrode; a black matrix corresponding to the gate and data lines and the thin film transistor; a first insulating layer disposed on the black matrix and including first and second portions, the first portion corresponding to the pixel region and having a first thickness, and the second portion having a second thickness smaller than the first thickness; a color filter pattern disposed on the first insulating layer and corresponding to the first portion; a first insulating layer disposed on the color filter pattern including first and second portions, the first portion corresponding to the color filter pattern and has a first thickness, and the second portion having a second thickness smal

Abstract: Disclosed is a fringe field switching liquid crystal display. The fringe field switching liquid crystal display comprises a black matrix formed on an upper substrate, a pixel electrode formed above a lower substrate and having an edge portion overlapped with the black matrix by a predetermined region, and liquid crystal interposed between the upper substrate and the lower substrate, wherein the edge portion of the pixel electrode has a linear line shape. According to such an edge portion of the pixel electrode, it is possible to stably drive the liquid crystal located at the edge portion of the pixel electrode and also to restore the liquid crystal with rapidity.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes a pair of substrates with a liquid crystal layer therebetween, a plurality of scanning signal lines and a plurality of video signal lines formed on one of said pair of substrates, a plurality of first electrodes on the one of said pair of substrates and a plurality of second electrodes on the one of said pair of substrates to drive the liquid crystal by a voltage difference with respect to the first electrode. The first electrodes have a bent form, and the second electrodes have a rectangular form.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display (LCD) with a direction control electrode and a pixel electrode forming a capacitance in a pixel regions is disclosed. Gate lines are formed on the first substrate and extending in the first direction. Data lines are intersecting the gate lines and each data line has a bent shape. Pixel regions are defined by the intersecting of the gate lines and the data lines. The direction control electrode is formed at the corresponding pixel region and electrically connected to the corresponding data line. The pixel electrode is formed at the corresponding pixel region and has a shape conformal to the corresponding pixel region. By adjusting the capacitance between the direction control electrode and the pixel electrode, liquid crystal stability is enhanced.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device has the first substrate and the second substrate. The first substrate includes a gate line, a source line crossing the gate line, a switching element connected to the source line, a liquid crystal drive electrode connected to the switching element and having a plurality of electrodes substantially parallel to each other, and a common electrode consisting of a plurality of comb-shaped electrodes arranged substantially parallel to and alternately with the liquid crystal drive electrode. The second substrate includes color filters arranged in an array arrangement and a black matrix provided between the color filters. A spacer between the substrates contacts the first substrate in the area where the gate line, the liquid crystal drive electrode, and the common electrode are arranged in the vicinity of each other.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display panel and a manufacturing method thereof. The liquid crystal display panel comprises a color filter substrate and a thin film transistor array substrate arranged in parallel and a liquid crystal layer between the substrates. In addition, several spacers are disposed on a black matrix of the color filter substrate. These spacers lean on the edge of at least one of the gate layer lines and source layer lines on the thin film transistor array substrate. The invention increases the bonding stability between the color filter substrate and the thin film transistor array substrate so that the reliability and display quality of the liquid crystal display panel is improved.

Abstract: A light deflection element has a pair of transparent substrates 2, 3; a chiral smectic C phase liquid crystal 5 with a homeotropic alignment filled between the pair of transparent substrates 2, 3; and at least an electric field applying device 6 for activating an electric field in the liquid crystal 5. Because a chiral smectic C phase liquid crystal is used, the problems of the conventional light deflection element, such as high cost, light loss, large size, and optical noise etc. due to its complicated structure, can be greatly improved. The conventional low response time due to the smectic A phase or the nematic liquid crystal is improved, thereby the high-speed response is possible.

Abstract: A dispenser system for a liquid crystal display panel includes a table, a rotatable plate on the table, a substrate disposed on the plate, the substrate having a plurality of first image display parts and a plurality of second image display parts, and at least one syringe supplying a sealant material onto the substrate to sequentially form a plurality of first seal patterns and a plurality of second seal patterns, wherein each of the plurality of first seal patterns are formed along outer edge portions of the first image display parts and each of the plurality of second seal patterns are formed along outer edge portions of the second image display parts.

Abstract: Aberrations in an optical system can be detected and measured using a method comprised of a test target in the object plane of a projection system and imaging a photoresist film with the system. The test target comprises at least one open figure which comprises a multiple component array of phase zones, where the multiple zones are arranged within the open figure so that their response to lens aberration is interrelated and the zones respond uniquely to specific aberrations depending on their location within the figure. This is a unique and new method of detecting a variety of aberration types including coma, spherical, astigmatism, and three-point through the exposure of a photoresist material placed in the image plane of the system and the evaluation of these images.

Abstract: A lithographic apparatus having an improved transfer unit, is presented. The lithographic apparatus includes a processing unit that performs a lithographic process involving exchangeable objects in which the processing unit includes an illumination system that provides a beam of radiation, a support structure configured to support a patterning device that imparts a desired pattern to the beam of radiation, a substrate holder configured to hold a substrate, and a projection system configured to project the patterned beam onto a target portion of the substrate. The lithographic apparatus also includes a transfer unit comprising a single robot. The single robot is configured to transfer a first exchangeable object from a loading station to the processing unit and to transfer a second exchangeable object from the processing unit to a discharge station.

Abstract: An exposure apparatus for exposing a substrate to light via a pattern of a reticle.

Abstract: A method of using a cell library to create a device, includes projecting a series of masks, each mask of the series corresponding to a layer of each of one or more selected cells, onto a substrate according to a data layout of the device or combining a series of masks, each mask of the series corresponding to a layer of one or more of the selected cells, into a series of global masks, each of global masks of the series of global masks embodying a layer of the device according to a data layout of the device.

Abstract: A lithographic apparatus equipped with an improved alignment system, is presented herein. In one embodiment, the apparatus includes a radiation system for providing a projection beam of radiation, a support structure for supporting a patterning device that configures the projection beam according to a desired pattern, a substrate holder for holding a substrate, projection system for projecting the patterned beam onto a target portion of the substrate, and an alignment system. The alignment system includes a radiation source for illuminating at least one mark which is usable for alignment on a substrate and an imaging system for imaging light which has interacted with the at least one mark to generate alignment information.

Abstract: A lithographic apparatus uses polarized light to improve the imaging properties such as exposure latitude, while maintaining and extending the lifetime of an illumination system in a lithographic apparatus.