Abstract: A vehicle occupant sensing system that includes at least one sensor and at least one sensor assembly. The sensor assembly has a base and an upper slide member supported for movement toward and away from the base wherein the sensor is operable to detect movement of the upper slide member toward and away from the base. The vehicle occupant sensing system also includes at least one contamination barrier member operatively attached to the upper slide member and at least partially shielding the sensor assembly to decrease contamination of the sensor assembly. The vehicle occupant sensing system may be employed in a vehicle seat to detect a condition of the vehicle seat.

Abstract: The delivery of liquid to a device, for example, a microswitch, can be achieved without the application of external pressure to the liquid by using capillary action to cause the liquid to move as desired. In one embodiment, at least one channel having a wettable surface is created that allows liquid metal to flow into a measuring reservoir without the liquid metal being pressurized and without applying other external forces on the liquid metal to facilitate its movement. A portion of the channel between the wettable channel and the reservoir is non-wettable and this non-wettable area, while allowing the metal to flow into the reservoir, acts to prevent the liquid from back-flowing from the reservoir to the channel. In one embodiment pressurized gas can be generated and applied to the liquid in the reservoir to facilitate the movement of the liquid from the reservoir to the switch cavity.

Abstract: A switch provided with a fixed contact and a movable contact coming into contact with each other and separating from each other. The surface of at least one of the fixed contact and the movable contact is provided with a plurality of recesses whose edges are overlapped with each other, and also provided with a plurality of projections. The projections formed on the contact surface have sharp-pointed tips which can break an oxide film or the like if it is formed on the contact surface, thereby achieving stable contact.

Abstract: Provided is a waterproof/drainage structure for a lower casing (11) having a plurality of pushbuttons (16) on a surface thereof. The waterproof/drainage structure has a cover member (14) forming the surface and provided with a plurality of button holes (14a) the plurality of pushbuttons (16), and a sheet portion (17) retaining the plurality of pushbuttons (16) at predetermined positions. The waterproof/drainage structure includes a button unit (15), in which the sheet portion (17) is arranged along a back surface (14b) of the cover member (14) and in which an outer peripheral portion of the sheet portion (17) is held in close contact with the cover member (14), with the pushbuttons (16) being inserted in button holes (14c) of the cover member (14). The sheet portion (17) is provided with a groove-like drainage channel (22) having a channel portion that is opposed to each of the pushbuttons (16) and is larger than a surface area within a maximum outer periphery of the pushbuttons (16).

Abstract: A push/pull switch control is incorporated into the surface pattern of a wall box dimmer having a planar face surface. The switch control is finger nail operated and contains a finger nail groove which is accessible on the bottom end surface of the operator so it can be withdrawn to an open position. A switch position indicia is exposed when the operator is withdrawn.

Abstract: A switch is provided, which is stable in operating characteristics and can be operated with a small operating force, and which is long in life and easy to manufacture. The switch includes a base, a moving contact piece having one end thereof supported pivotally on the base, an operating lever supported pivotally on the base and having a drive part pushing a coil portion of the moving contact piece, and a cover having a planar shape capable of covering the base and fixed to the base to compress the coil portion. The operating lever pushes the coil portion of the moving contact piece whereby the moving contact piece turns about an end thereof, the coil portion slides on a stationary contact exposed from a bottom surface of the base, and the other end of the moving contact piece slides on a common stationary contact exposed from an inner surface of the base.

Abstract: An automated mail sorting system including a display for displaying the image of an item of mail belonging to a carrier route, and input device for associating the image with any of a plurality of stations in a walking sequence of the carrier route, and a sorter having a reader for identifying the item of the mail, the sorter for placing the item of mail in a location corresponding to the station in the walking sequence.

Abstract: A laser annealing system and apparatus, which includes a laser light source, which emits a laser beam through an a-Si layer on a substrate, an optical unit which forms an optical path along which the laser beam is transmitted through a subject to be annealed, and a first reflecting component, which reflects the laser beam that has been transmitted through the subject so that a direction of the laser beam is reversed along the optical path along which the laser beam is transmitted through the subject, to irradiate the subject. Since an operation in which energy is absorbed is repeated plural times when the laser beam is transmitted through the a-Si layer, input energy of the laser beam can be utilized without waste.

Abstract: A heater assembly includes a heater housing with strain relief features for wires associated with electronic components, such as a thermistor and/or thermal cut-off (TCO) device, coupled to a heating element. The heater assembly may be used in a fixing device or fuser in an image forming apparatus including, but not limited to, printers, copiers, faxes, multifunctional devices or all-in-one devices.

Abstract: An oven for baking a batch of parts has a housing having side walls and a top wall defining a closed container with a closed top end and an open downwardly facing bottom end. Loading/unloading occurs at the bottom end onto a carriage raised to the top end where baking occurs. On each side is provided an array of heating elements below the top. A shield is located in front of the heating array so as to block direct radiation onto the parts to prevent over-heating as the carrying arrangement passes the heating array to be unloaded. The shield generates an upwardly flowing air stream to carry the heat to the top. The heating elements are mounted with their lower end in a connection box with a collar and insulated heat shield above the box to keep the electrical connections cooled.

Abstract: A heater assembly for a dryer is stably assembled and reduces noise. The heater assembly for a dryer includes hot wires electrically heated an insulator provided with a groove at the center, having lower and upper portions into which the hot wires are fixed, and a partition plate including an insertion hole into which the insulator is inserted and at least one clamp portion provided at the rim of the insertion hole and fixed into the groove.

Abstract: An apparatus for synthesizing nanostructures. In one embodiment, the apparatus includes a heating device that defines a reaction zone therein and a susceptor made of a ferromagnetic material with a Curie temperature and placed in the reaction zone, where the Curie temperature substantially corresponds to a temperature at which the growth of desired nanostructures occurs and the heating device is capable of heating the susceptor substantially at the Curie temperature.

Abstract: A reduction of the unevenness of a temperature increase at the end of heating work can be achieved without specific equipment, and with securing the shortening of the working time, which is an advantage of a bulk heating. When a region to be heated of an article made of a thin sheet is heated inductively so that the whole region thereof reaches a temperature equal to or more than a target temperature using an inductive portion of a heating inductor, to which a high-frequency current is applied by a power supply device, by stopping or reducing temporarily the power application of the high-frequency current to the heating inductor during the temperature increase, a temperature difference in the region to be heated is reduced so that the unevenness of the temperature increase at the end of the heating work is reduced by the step of reducing the temperature difference.

Abstract: A high voltage input apparatus for a magnetron, in which first protrusions formed on lead conductors are caught by insulators and an insulating case, a ground metal is bonded to the insulating case, and expanded portions formed on the insulators are caught by the insulating case and the ground metal, thereby firmly fixing the lead conductors and preventing the lead conductors from being undesirably separated from the insulators and the insulating case.

Abstract: A microwave insulating material includes a dimensionally stable support, a patterned adhesive layer overlying at least a portion of the support, a polymer film layer overlying the patterned adhesive layer, and a plurality of expandable cells disposed between the support and the polymer film layer and defined by the patterned adhesive layer, wherein the expandable cells vary in size. A self-sealing microwave package includes a sheet of insulating material including a first surface, and a thermally activatable adhesive applied to at least a portion of the first surface.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a wall-mounting type microwave oven including a main body, a bottom plate provided on a bottom portion of the main body and having an opening, and a lamp supporter to support a lamp provided in the opening. The bottom plate being integrally formed with the lamp supporter to support the lamp. Thus, the lamp installation structure is simplified and the number of components is decreased.

Abstract: A microwave oven, including a transformer assembly accommodating a transformer and filled with a cooling material to cool the transformer; and a temperature-sensitive switch electrically connected to the transformer to shut off power when a temperature of a surface of the transformer assembly is a predetermined overheating temperature.

Abstract: An image inspection system includes a mount stage for a subject; an observation optical system for imaging light reflected by the subject; a focal position moving mechanism for relatively moving a position of the observation optical system in a depth direction of focus with respect to the subject; a mechanism for detecting a first target focal position by using light reflected by the subject; a focal position correcting device for determining a second target focal position offset from the first target focal position; a device for driving the focal position moving mechanism so as to focus on the second target focal position; and a section for storing condition setting data for each subject, which includes an offset value for determining the second target focal position. The focal position correcting device determines the second target focal position in accordance with the offset value in the condition setting data.

Abstract: In the optical pickup unit configured to guide a laser beam emitted from a laser source to an objective lens, to converge the laser beam with the objective lens to be irradiated to a disk, and to guide the laser beam reflected and returned by the disk to the photo detector including a light reception region constituted by a plurality of segments, the photo detector is disposed with each amplifier corresponding to each segment of the light reception region, is disposed with each output terminal that outputs each light reception output corresponding to each segment from the photo detector via each amplifier, and is disposed with an output setting circuit that sets each light reception output from each of the output terminals by changing the gain of each of the amplifiers and/or by attenuating the input or output of each of the amplifiers with an attenuator.

Abstract: An object detecting apparatus detects an object by using a laser beam emitted from a laser diode. The apparatus has a current adjuster. An amount of electric current supplied from the current adjuster to the laser diode is controlled to change an intensity of the laser beam, and is adjusted by a feedforward control based on a signal from a temperature sensor in the apparatus to compensate a drift of the laser diode characteristics.

Abstract: The present invention discloses an image sensor and a method for manufacturing the same which is capable of increasing the light-collection efficiency of a photodiode. The image sensor comprises: at least one photodiode formed on a semiconductor substrate; multilayer interlayer insulating films formed on the photodiode and stacked in at least two layers so that the density of the upper interlayer insulating film becomes lower than that of the lower interlayer insulating film as the multilayer interlayer insulating films proceed upward; a light shield layer and an element-protecting film sequentially stacked on the multilayer interlayer insulating film; color filter arrays and a flattening layer sequentially stacked on the element-protecting film; and microlenses arranged on the positions corresponding to the color filters on the flattening layer.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for providing flexible photodetector binning are provided. A photodetector having multiple pixels, such as a charged coupled device (CCD), a focal plane array (FPA), an active pixel sensor (APS), or other suitable detector, is provided. A desired bin area is produced in the array by setting at least one of the pixels of the array to a low input impedance level and remaining pixels to a high input impedance level, so that charges generated at the high input impedance pixels diffuse through the detector array to adjacent, low input impedance pixels. The charge is collected at the low input impedance pixels, and corresponds to light detected in the bin area. The impedances of the pixels can be varied to provide bins of desired shapes and/or geometries. The bin areas can extend partially over one or more pixels.

Abstract: A rear vision system having a divided lens configuration and sensor array. The sensor array has a first, second section and third sections. The lens configuration includes a first portion directing a first field of view onto the first section of the sensor array, and a second portion directing a second field of view onto the second section of the sensor array. The sensor array may be a complementary metal oxide semiconductor camera or a charge coupled device camera.

Abstract: A three-dimensional shape detecting device comprising projection means which projects pattern light, image capturing means which captures a pattern light projection image of a subject on which the pattern light is projected, and a three-dimensional shape calculation means which calculates a three-dimensional shape of the subject based on a locus of the pattern light extracted from the pattern light projection image.

Abstract: A photo detector IC (PDIC) is connected with a flexible printed circuit board (FPC). A signal converted into a voltage through light-to-voltage conversion in the PDIC is connected with the drain of a field effect transistor (FET), while the source of the FET is connected to an output terminal. A signal from the output terminal is input into a signal processing board of the main body via the FPC serving as an equivalent circuit composed of a coil and a capacitor. The gate of the FET is connected with a variable voltage source. Peaking occurs due to inductor components and capacitance components of the FPC. However, by application of voltage to the variable voltage source, the gate voltage value of the FET is adjusted to be an optimal value, whereby the peaking is suppressed by the on-resistance of the FET.

Abstract: An optical sensor device that can be installed on board a motor vehicle for aid to driving and/or for automatic activation of one or more on-board systems according to the environmental conditions detected comprises a sensor module including an array of the CCD or CMOS type, the sensitive area of which is split into sub-areas dedicated to different functions, which are separate from one another and set at a distance apart, and located adjacent to the four vertices of the sensitive area of the array.

Abstract: An angular position measuring device includes two assemblies. The first assembly is rotatable with respect to the second assembly about an axis. A coupling is arranged at the second assembly, which has an elastic spring behavior in the direction of the axis. Furthermore, a stopping element is assigned to the angular position measuring device. The angular position measuring device is attachable to a machine part. If coupling is not prestressed, there is a free gap between the machine part and the second assembly, having an extension in the direction of the axis. The stopping element is able to be brought into a stopping position in which at least one region of the stopping element is in operative connection to the second assembly for the limitation of the axial spring motions. A measuring system includes such an angular position measuring device.

Abstract: A microlens structure includes lower lens layers on a substrate. A sputtered layer of glass, such as silicon oxide, is applied over the lower lens layers at an angle away from normal to form upper lens layers that increase the effective focal length of the microlens structure. The upper lens layers can be deposited in an aspherical shape with radii of curvature longer than the lower lens layers. As a result, small microlenses can be provided with longer focal lengths. The microlenses are arranged in arrays for use in imaging devices.

Abstract: This invention provides an electron beam length measuring technology including a standard component for length measurement that has a finer standard dimension, and its producing method. The standard component for length measurement has a semiconductor member on which is arranged a pattern consisting of an array of first diffraction gratings whose pitch dimension is specified as an absolute dimension by an optical measurement method, wherein the pattern has a structure in which an array of second diffraction gratings different from the first diffraction gratings is arranged in a portion within the array of the first diffraction gratings in a predetermined cycle. Each one of the first diffraction gratings and the second diffraction gratings has a predetermined length and a predetermined width, respectively.

Abstract: A tool for formation logging includes a support configured for movement in a borehole; a neutron source disposed on the support; a neutron monitor disposed on the support and configured to monitor an output of the neutron source; a gamma-ray detector disposed on the support and spaced apart from the neutron source; and a shielding material disposed between the gamma-ray detector and the neutron source.

Abstract: A pulsed neutron tool with three or more detectors is used for making measurements inside casing. The measurements may be used to determine gas saturation at a constant gas pressure, pressure at constant gas saturation, or to determine both gas saturation and gas pressure.

Abstract: A mass spectrometer and a method of mass spectrometry are disclosed wherein periodic background noise is effectively filtered out from the mass spectral data. An overall mass window is superimposed upon the mass spectral data. The overall mass window preferably comprises 21 nominal mass windows each preferably having a width of 1.0005 amu. Each nominal mass window preferably comprises 20 channels. An intensity distribution relating to all the first channels of the 21 nominal mass windows is determined. An intensity quantile is determined from the intensity distribution. The intensity quantile is taken to represent the background intensity in the first channel of the central nominal mass window. This process is repeated for the other channels so that the background intensity across the whole of the central nominal mass window is estimated and then subtracted from the raw mass spectral data comprising the central nominal mass window.

Abstract: The invention provides a method of producing an in-focus image of an area on a sample plate for an ion source, e.g., a matrix-based ion source or any other type of ion source that employs a sample plate onto which samples are deposited. The method generally includes: a) positioning an area of the sample plate in the field of view of an imaging device; b) producing a plurality of images of the area having different in-focus regions; and c) generating an in-focus image of the area using the plurality of images. The in-focus image may be two-dimensional or three-dimensional. Systems and programming for performing the methods are also provided.

Abstract: Methods, systems and mediums are disclosed for aligning mass spectrometry data before the analysis of the mass spectrometry data. The mass spectrometry data may be received from a mass spectrometry machine, and re-sampled using a smooth warping function. To estimate the warping function, a synthetic signal is build using, for example, Gaussian pulses centered at a set of reference peaks. The reference peaks may be designated by users or calculated after observing a group of spectrograms. The synthetic signal is shifted and scaled so that the cross-correlation between the mass spectrometry data and the synthetic signal reaches its maximum value.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and apparatus for enhanced sequencing of complex molecules using surface-induced dissociation (SID) in conjunction with mass spectrometric analysis. Results demonstrate formation of a wide distribution of structure-specific fragments having wide sequence coverage useful for sequencing and identifying the complex molecules.

Abstract: Time-of-flight mass spectrometer instruments are disclosed for monitoring fast processes with large dynamic range using a multi-threshold TDC data acquisition method or a threshold ADC data acquisition method. Embodiments using a combination of both methods are also disclosed.

Abstract: Disclosed is a single-particle mass spectrometer, which includes a chamber keeping an inside in a vacuum state by a vacuum pump, a cylindrical flying tube installed to communicate with the chamber, an aerodynamic lens installed to the chamber to focus aerosol particles input from outside, a laser generating means for irradiating a laser beam to the particles focused by the aerodynamic lens to emit ions, an extraction acceleration means for extracting the emitted ions and accelerating the ions to fly along the flying tube, and an ion detector installed to an end of the flying tube to detect the ions flying along the flying tube.

Abstract: An apparatus for analyzing a sample material includes a desorption mechanism configured to desorb molecules from the sample material, a metastable generator separate from the desorption mechanism and configured to generate a metastable species, and an interaction region configured for metastable species ionization of the desorbed molecules so as to produce gas-phase ions of the sample material.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for chromatographic high field asymmetric waveform ion mobility spectrometry, including a gas chromatographic analyzer section intimately coupled with an ionization section, an ion filter section, and an ion detection section, in which the sample compounds are at least somewhat separated prior to ionization, and ion filtering proceeds in a planar chamber under influence of high field asymmetric periodic signals, with detection integrated into the flow path, for producing accurate, real-time, orthogonal data for identification of a broad range of chemical compounds.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods are provided for trapping, manipulation and transferring ions along RF and DC potential surfaces and through RF ion guides. Potential wells are formed near RF-field generating surfaces due to the overlap of the radio-frequency (RF) fields and electrostatic fields created by static potentials applied to surrounding electrodes. Ions can be constrained and accumulated over time in such wells. During confinement, ions may be subjected to various processes, such as accumulation, fragmentation, collisional cooling, focusing, mass-to-charge filtering, spatial separation ion mobility and chemical interactions, leading to improved performance in subsequent processing and analysis steps, such as mass analysis. Alternatively, the motion of ions may be better manipulated during confinement to improve the efficiency of their transport to specific locations, such as an entrance aperture into vacuum from atmospheric pressure or into a subsequent vacuum stage.

Abstract: A system and method are disclosed for effectively compensating for an unbalanced or non-zero centerline radio-frequency potential in a quadrupolar ion trap, the unbalanced centerline potential created by a compensation feature that minimizes non-linear field components created by one or more ejection slots in the ion trap. The ion trap includes a centerline that passes longitudinally through a trapping volume inside of the ion trap, a pair of Y electrodes with inner Y electrode surfaces that are approximately parallel to the centerline, and a pair of X electrodes with inner X electrode surfaces that are approximately parallel to the centerline. The X electrodes have ejection slots through which trapped ions are ejected from the ion trap. A Y signal with a Y signal amplitude is coupled to both of the Y electrodes. An X signal with an X signal amplitude is coupled to both of the X electrodes.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for trapping or guiding ions is provided. The ion trap or ion guide includes a first set of electrodes and a second set of electrodes, the first set of electrodes defining a first portion of an ion channel to trap or guide the introduced ions. In operation, periodic voltages are applied to electrodes in the first set of electrodes to generate a first oscillating electric potential that radially confines the ions in the ion channel, while periodic voltages are applied to electrodes in the second set of electrodes to generate a second oscillating electric potential that axially confines the ions in the ion channel.

Abstract: Systems and methods for process monitoring based upon X-ray emission induced by a beam of charged particles such as electrons or ions include a system and method for process monitoring that analyze a cavity before being filled and then analyze emitted X-rays from the cavity after the cavity has been filled with a conductive material. Also included are system and methods for process monitoring that apply a quantitative analysis correction technique on detected X-ray emissions.

Abstract: Methods and systems for measuring a characteristic of a substrate or preparing a substrate for analysis are provided. One method for measuring a characteristic of a substrate includes removing a portion of a feature on the substrate using an electron beam to expose a cross-sectional profile of a remaining portion of the feature. The feature may be a photoresist feature. The method also includes measuring a characteristic of the cross-sectional profile. A method for preparing a substrate for analysis includes removing a portion of a material on the substrate proximate to a defect using chemical etching in combination with an electron beam. The defect may be a subsurface defect or a partially subsurface defect. Another method for preparing a substrate for analysis includes removing a portion of a material on a substrate proximate to a defect using chemical etching in combination with an electron beam and a light beam.

Abstract: In order to provide an imaging-recipe arranging or creating apparatus and method adapted so that selection rules for automatic arrangement of an imaging recipe can be optimized by teaching in a SEM apparatus or the like, the imaging-recipe arranging or creating apparatus in this invention that arranges an imaging recipe for SEM-observing a semiconductor pattern using a scanning electron microscope includes a database that receives and stores layout information of the above semiconductor pattern in a low-magnification field, and an imaging-recipe arranging unit which, on the basis of the database-stored semiconductor pattern layout information, arranges the imaging recipe automatically in accordance with the automatic arrangement algorithm that includes teaching-optimized selection rules for selecting an imaging point(s).

Abstract: In an environmental scanning electron microscope in which differential pumping for maintaining the pressure ratio between an electron optical system and a specimen chamber at a predetermined value is effected and a probe electric current is conditioned to meet a predetermined or more value so as to permit observation of uncooked food and moist specimens in low vacuum, there are provided three stages of objective apertures used as apertures for an objective lens for an electron beam in the electron optical system and used also as orifices for differential pumping for maintaining the pressure ratio between the electron optical system and the specimen chamber at a predetermined value. Then, a deflection fulcrum of the electron beam in the electron optical system is set at a mid stage of the three-stage objective aperture.

Abstract: A system for further enhancing speed, i.e. improving throughput in a SEM-type inspection apparatus is provided. An inspection apparatus for inspecting a surface of a substrate produces a crossover from electrons emitted from an electron beam source 25•1, then forms an image under a desired magnification in the direction of a sample W to produce a crossover. When the crossover is passed, electrons as noises are removed from the crossover with an aperture, an adjustment is made so that the crossover becomes a parallel electron beam to irradiate the substrate in a desired sectional form. The electron beam is produced such that the unevenness of illuminance is 10% or less. Electrons emitted from the sample W are detected by a detector 25•11.

Abstract: A method and device for observing a specimen in which an electron beam is irradiated and scanned from an oblique direction, onto a surface of a calibration substrate on which a pattern with a known shape is formed, and an SEM image of the surface of the calibration substrate is obtained. An angle in an oblique direction of the electron beam irradiated is obtained and is adjusted to a desired angle. The electron beam is irradiated from the adjusted desired angle in the oblique direction, onto a specimen substrate on which a pattern is formed, and an SEM image of the specimen substrate is obtained. The SEM image of the specimen substrate is processed by use of the information of the desired angle, and a 3D image of the pattern on the specimen substrate or a shape of a cross section of the pattern is obtained.

Abstract: A lightweight camera is provided that includes a lightweight lens system that has a reduced number of lenses. Reducing the number of lenses produces a lighter camera, but produces a distorted local image. The distorted local image is captured by the lightweight camera, and is preferably transmitted to a remote station. The remote station then performs image processing on the distorted image to remove at least some of the distortion in the image. Preferably, a Massively Parallel Richardson-Lucy (MPRL) algorithm is used to identify and remove distortion from the image. Also, motion, temperature and inter-detector difference distortion is detected and corrected.

Abstract: An SiO2 layer (3), a Ti layer (4), a Pt layer (5), a PLZT layer (6) and an IrO2 layer (7) are formed sequentially on an Si substrate (2). The IrO2 layer (7) functioning as a top electrode has a thickness of about 100 nm. Since the IrO2 layer (7) has conductivity lower than that of Pt or the like conventionally used as a top electrode and a skin depth deeper than that of Pt or the like, sufficient sensitivity can be attained by a thickness of about 100 nm.