Abstract: Interlocking insulated wall sections (20-24), each of which contains a shell (30) having an outer panel (33) and a pair of end walls (35-36). A cover (31) is having an inner panel (38) and two end walls (39-40) is fitted over the shell. A first end wall (39) of the cover is mounted in contact with an end wall (35) of the shell and a second end wall (40) of the cover passes into the shell between the two end walls of the shell. An L-shaped flange (43) is connected to the second end wall of the cover and has a first leg of the flange (44) that rests in contact with the inner panel and a second leg of the flange (45) rests in contact with the other end wall of the shell. A space (50) is thus provided between the two panels of the wall section and is filled with an insulation (55). Each wall section is dimensioned so that it can be received in the opening between the second end wall of the cover and the end flange so that two wall sections can be interlocked together in assembly.

Abstract: A thermal filter is provided within a vehicle lamp assembly for reducing thermal radiation from reaching selected portions of the lamp assembly from an illumination light source disposed within the vehicle lamp. The thermal filter includes an inner envelope and an outer envelope in spaced relation to the inner envelope. The inner envelope and the outer envelope define a closed chamber therebetween. The closed chamber being disposed between the illumination light source and the selected portions of the lamp assembly. The inner envelope includes an interior portion. A thermal radiation absorbing agent disposed within the closed chamber. The thermal radiation absorbing agent receives radiation emitted from the illumination source. The thermal radiation absorbing agent is transparent to short wave visible radiation and is substantially opaque to long wave infrared radiation. A substantial portion of the long wave infrared radiation absorbed by the absorbing agent is retained within the closed chamber.

Abstract: An ignition anode for an ignition device of a reignitable rocket combustion chamber. The anode includes an ignition anode body having an ignition anode frontal area. The ignition anode frontal area has a plurality of edges. This Abstract is not intended to define the invention disclosed in the specification, nor intended to limit the scope of the invention in any way.

Abstract: A spark plug for an internal combustion engine is provided which includes a metal shell, a porcelain insulator, a center electrode, and a ground electrode. The center electrode is retained in the porcelain insulator to define a spark gap between itself and the ground electrode. The porcelain insulator has a nose made up of an upright portion and a tapered portion continuing from the upright portion toward a top end thereof. The tapered portion has a diameter decreasing toward the top end of the porcelain insulator. The upright portion has an outer wall extending substantially parallel to an inner wall of the metal shell, thereby inducing the formation of side sparks between the tapered portion and the metal shell before the insulation resistance between the center electrode and the metal shell drops, thereby giving a signal indicative of such an event to an operator.

Abstract: A spacer according to the present invention for use in a flat panel display, which includes a cathode substrate with a cold cathode electron emitting device formed thereon, an anode substrate with a phosphor formed thereon, and a spacer disposed between the cathode and anode substrates, comprises a base made of a conductive glass, and a conductive crystallized glass layer on a surface of the base. The spacer is more excellent in antistatic characteristics than conventional spacers having a conducting layer on the surface of an insulating glass base. A flat panel display according to the present invention using the spacers permits a higher voltage to be applied, thus increasing image quality.

Abstract: A reversible base for a lamp can reduce the number of parts needed for differing lamp assemblies. The preferred base is an insulating body with a first receptacle for a lamp capsule including a cavity, and a second receptacle. The second receptacle is aligned in opposition to the first receptacle, being similar in size and shape. A support is positioned between an end of the first receptacle and an end of the second receptacle and extends radially from a mid-region between the first and second receptacles. The support includes a radially extending flange having a face and a sidewall. Electrical contacts are held on the support, and may be axially aligned pins extending from the face of the flange. The pins may be electrically extended for coupling in either the first or second receptacle to lamp leads.

Abstract: A lamp may be formed with radial arm electrical contacts from a ceramic body insulating body supporting a lamp capsule. A press sealed tubular lamp is held in an end of the ceramic body. The radial arms extend sideways from the ceramic body and support electrical contacts, that may be brought into electrical contact in an insert and twist type socket.

Abstract: A closed drift ion source is disclosed. The ion source has an open end 1 and a central axis 150 around which are arranged outer magnetic pole piece 3, inner magnetic pole piece 5, anode 2, shield 6 and back magnetic shunt 17. In one embodiment the anode 2 and inner magnetic pole piece 5 are annular. Permanent magnets 7 are located behind the shield 6 and in contact with outer magnetic pole piece 3 and the back magnetic shunt 17. As a result the magnetic field lines pass through the magnetic pole pieces and a mirror magnetic field is set up in the discharge region between them. The inner magnetic pole piece 5 is hollow which facilitates production of the mirror magnetic field.

Abstract: The invention provides a red phosphor composed of M(Eu1-x-yLaxBiy)4Si3O13, wherein M is Ca, Sr, Ba, or combinations thereof, 0<x<1, and 0<y<1. Under excitation of blue light or ultraviolet light, the red phosphor emits red light having a major emission peak of about 613 nm. The red phosphor of the invention may be collocated with green and blue phosphors to provide a white light illumination device.

Abstract: A phosphor blend comprises at least two phosphors each selected from one of the groups of phosphors that absorb UV electromagnetic radiation and emit in a region of visible light. The phosphor blend can be applied to a discharge gas radiation source to produce light sources having high color rendering index. A phosphor blend is advantageously includes the phosphor (Tb,Y,Lu,La,Gd)x(Al,Ga)yO12:Ce3+, wherein x is in the range from about 2.8 to and including 3 and is in the range from about 4 to and including 5.

Abstract: A field emission lamp (2) includes a tubular-shaped housing (20), a first electrode (22), an electron emitting layer (24), a second electrode (26), and a fluorescent layer (28). The housing (20) has an inner surface. The first electrode (22) is centrally and longitudinally accommodated in the housing (20). The electron emitting layer (24) is disposed on the first electrode (22). The second electrode (26) is spaced apart from the first electrode (22) and includes a reflective layer (261). The reflective layer (261) is disposed on a portion of an inner surface of the housing (20). The fluorescent layer (28) is disposed on the reflective layer (261).

Abstract: A lighting device comprising first, second and third groups of solid state light emitters, and first and second groups of lumiphors. A mixture of light emitted from the first group of emitters and the first group of lumiphors has x,y color coordinates within an area defined by coordinates (0.36,0.48), (0.43,0.45), (0.5125,0.4866), and (0.4087,0.5896) (or (0.41,0.455), (0.36,0.48), (0.4087,0.5896), and (0.4788,0.5202)). A mixture of light emitted from the second group of emitters and the second group of lumiphors is within an area defined by (0.32,0.40), (0.36,0.38), (0.30,0.26), and (0.25,0.29). A mixture of light from the first and second groups of emitters and the first and second groups of lumiphors is within an area defined by (0.32,0.40), (0.36,0.48), (0.43,0.45), (0.42,0.42), and (0.36,0.38) (or (0.32,0.40), (0.36,0.38), (0.41,0.455), and (0.36,0.48)). A mixture of light from all of these emitters and lumiphors is within ten MacAdam ellipses of the blackbody locus. Also, methods of lighting.

Abstract: We disclose a highly transmissive electroluminescent lamp, where the lamp has a front electrode electrically connected to a first clear conductive layer of PDOT or functionally similar material, a phosphor layer and a dielectric layer. The phosphor layer contains nano-particles of phosphor, where the nano-particles have a size less than about 100 nm. The dielectric layer contains nano-particles of a dielectric, where these nano-particles having a size less than about 100 nm. There is a second clear conductive layer of PDOT, and a back electrode electrically connected to the second clear conductive layer, for energizing the lamp. In other embodiments, the particles in the phosphor layer may have sizes larger than 100 nm, while still achieving the effect of substantial transparency of the lamp.

Abstract: A polarizer and an organic light emitting display apparatus including the polarizer. According to an embodiment of the present invention, a polarizer includes a substrate and a plurality of electrode units separated from each other on the substrate and formed in a stripe pattern. Each of the electrode units includes a first surface facing the substrate and a second surface opposite the first surface, the first surface having a width smaller than a width of the second surface.

Abstract: Provided is an organic light emitting display including a base substrate, an organic light emitting portion formed on a side of the base substrate, and a sealing substrate that encloses the organic light emitting portion and is disposed to be sealed with the base substrate, wherein the sealing substrate includes a barrier for surrounding the organic light emitting portion, wherein the barrier includes a groove, and wherein a desiccant is disposed in the groove.

Abstract: An illumination source is disclosed. The illumination source includes at least one OLED layer. The OLED layer includes an active light emitting region including a plurality of primary light-emitting OLED elements and secondary light emitting OLED elements connecting each of the plurality of primary light emitting OLED elements to at least another primary light emitting OLED element.

Abstract: An organic light emitting device capable of improving the light extraction characteristics while suppressing the driving voltage and improving the luminescent performance, and a display unit using it are provided. The organic light emitting device includes: a lamination structure that includes a cathode, a plurality of layers including a light emitting layer made of an organic material, and an anode including a metal thin film in this order, in which the cathode is reflective and the anode is semi-transparent to light generated in the light emitting layer; and a resonator structure that resonates the light generated in the light emitting layer between the cathode and the anode.

Abstract: A light emitting device is provided. The light emitting device includes a substrate including a non-emission region and an emission region, an emission unit which is located and an emission layer interposed between the first and second electrodes, a shield cap adhered to the substrate to encapsulate the emission unit, and an inert liquid or an inert gas in a space between the substrate and the shield cap.

Abstract: An organic electroluminescent (EL) element and a method of manufacturing the same are provided. The EL element comprises an organic light emitting layer, an electron transport layer, an electron injection layer, an electrode formed on an upper side of a substrate, and a buffer layer. The buffer layer is formed between the electron transport layer and the electron injection layer, or between the electron injection layer and the electrode by an atomic layer deposition process. Thus, interfacial properties of the electron injection layer and the electrode are improved. Accordingly, leakage current at a threshold voltage or less of the EL element is prevented, and an electric property of the EL element is improved.

Abstract: An organic light emitting diode (OLED) device is provided. The OLED device includes: a substrate; an anode formed on the substrate; a first organic thin layer formed on the anode; an organic emission layer formed on the first organic thin layer; a second organic thin layer formed on the organic emission layer; and a cathode formed on the second organic thin layer, wherein the first and second organic thin layers are formed in a single layer or a multi-layer, and at least a part of the first or second organic thin layer is doped with or formed of an insulator. The OLED device provides excellent durability, long life-time, and increased luminous efficiency by balanced charge injection caused by doping or stacking the insulator into or on the organic thin layer.

Abstract: An organic electroluminescent element includes a light emitting unit provided between an anode and a cathode. The light emitting unit has a light emitting layer containing a phosphorescent material as a luminescent material and a photosensitizing layer formed adjacent to the light emitting layer. The photosensitizing layer contains a fluorescent light emitting material as a guest material.

Abstract: An organic electroluminescent display device comprises a substrate including a display region, and a pad region in a periphery of the display region, the display region including a pixel region; a gate pad, a data pad and a power pad in the pad region, the gate pad, the data pad and the power pad electrically connected to a gate line, a data line and a power line, respectively; a first electrode in the pixel region, the first electrode connected to the driving thin film transistor; an organic electroluminescent layer on the first electrode; a second electrode over an entire surface of the substrate including the organic electroluminescent layer; a dummy pad in the pad region, the dummy pad electrically connected to at least one of the power line and the second electrode; and a ground pad in the pad region, the ground pad electrically connected to the second electrode.

Abstract: There is described an arrangement comprising at least one luminescent heat insulating layer which is disposed on a carrier body, for preventing heat transfer between the carrier body and the surrounding area of the carrier body. The heat insulating layer comprises at least one luminous substance which can be excited, with the aid of an excitation light having a determined excitation wave length for emitting a luminescent light having a determined luminescent wave length. At least one additional heat insulating layer, which is essentially free from the luminous substance, is provided. The additional heat insulating layer is essentially opaque to the excitation light in order to excite the emission of luminous light and/or for the luminous light of the luminescent substance.

Abstract: A composite material includes an organic compound represented by the following general formula (1) and an inorganic compound, where, in the general formula (1), R1 to R24 is identical to or different from one another, and represent any of hydrogen, an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, an aryl group, and an arylalkyl group. A light emitting element includes the composite material and a light emitting device and an electronic appliance includes the light emitting element. The composite material has an excellent carrier transporting property and an excellent carrier injecting property with respect to the organic compound along with high visible light transmittance. By utilizing the composite material, a current excitation type light emitting element requiring low driving voltage and having excellent light emitting efficiency is obtained. By using the light emitting element, a light emitting device consuming low power and an electronic appliance including the light emitting device is provided.

Abstract: A diode chip is sealed by a glass material. There are provided a light emitting diode chip and a glass member in close contact with at least one portion of the surface of the light emitting diode chip. The glass member has a surface shape containing a curved surface at least a portion thereof. The curved surface is preferably a portion of a spherical surface or a spheroidal surface. The glass member has a surface shape containing a spherical portion and a flat portion, and the diode chip is preferably disposed on the flat portion.

Abstract: A plasma display panel (PDP) is capable of effectively reducing noise occurring during operation of the panel by improving the construction of a dummy partition included in a partition, and reduces a rate of defects in the partition due to a uniform coating of a fluorescent paste. The PDP includes: a front glass including sustain electrodes and dielectric layers; a rear glass including address electrodes and dielectric layers; a partition between the front and rear glasses and including a main partition and a dummy partition, each having discharge spaces of respective sizes; and a fluorescent layer coated on the respective discharge spaces.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a filter and a plasma display device thereof. The device includes: a plasma display panel; and a sheet for protecting external light disposed at a front surface of the panel to protect the external light incident upon the panel, wherein the sheet for protecting external light includes a base unit formed with a plurality of grooves and a plurality of pattern unit lines formed on the plurality of grooves of the base unit and having refraction index different from that of the base unit, and the number of the pattern unit lines overlapped with any one of a plurality of discharge cells formed in the panel is 8 to 25. With the present invention, the sheet for protecting external light capable of maximally absorbing and protecting light incident from the external is positioned at the front surface of the display panel so that a black image can be effectively implemented and the bright room contrast and the luminance of the display image can be improved.

Abstract: Disclosed are a plasma display panel and a method for manufacturing the same. The method includes preparing a first substrate including an address electrode, a dielectric and a barrier rib, applying a first dielectric to a second substrate including a pair of sustain electrodes, applying a plurality of second dielectrics to the first dielectric with a dispensing system having a nozzle equipped with a plurality of reverse-trapezoid injection ports, such that the second dielectrics have a differential structure, drying the first and second dielectrics, followed by baking, forming a protective film on the first and second dielectrics, and joining the first substrate to the second substrate.

Abstract: A compact fluorescent lamp comprises a discharge tube arrangement with at least one discharge tube. The tube is formed of glass, encloses a discharge volume filled with a discharge gas and has a fluorescent phosphor coating disposed on the inner surface of the tube. The tube forms a continuous arc path and is provided with electrodes disposed at each end of the arc path. The lamp also comprises a ballast circuit connected to the electrodes by lead-in wires and to a supply voltage by lead-out wires for controlling the current in the tube. A bulb shaped outer envelope has a substantially spherical portion enclosing the tube arrangement and an elongated end portion enclosing the ballast circuit. The end portion of the outer envelope having an open end on a base side is closed and terminated by a closing means of the same material as the outer envelope. The closing means is provided with a tubular opening.

Abstract: The present invention provides a light-emitting element light source comprising a system for sensing, and optionally managing, an operating temperature of the light source. In general, the light source comprises one or more light-emitting elements, which may be arranged in one or more groups, one or more arrays or one or more clusters thereof, operatively mounted to respective and/or common substrates. The one or more substrates each generally comprise circuitry operatively coupling the light-emitting element(s) mounted thereto to a light source driving mechanism configured to impart a drive current to the light-emitting element(s).

Abstract: A method for the operation of a plasma device (100) is described in which particles (2) are arranged in a plasma, wherein a generation of electric travelling waves (1) is provided, under whose effective action the particles (2) in the plasma device (100) perform a directed movement to at least one pre-determined collection area (20, 20A). A plasma device for carrying out the method is also described.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a kind of IR automatic sensor lamp camera. Different from the IR camera having the same function in the market, this invention is to improve the IR camera and place the camera inside the sensor for the use of IR LED and camera together and with the appearance of one body formation. Presently the IR LED and camera PCB of IR camera has shorter operating life due to the heat generated during long hours of operation. In general the IR cameras are installed inside aluminum housing and the IR LED operates at least 14 hours a day. In contrast, the temperature generated by the IR LED inside the aluminum housing will lower the operating life of infrared and camera PCB. The principle of improvement is to further combine the IR projector with the passive IR sensor and camera PCB.

Abstract: A system and method for controlling lighting are described. In general, the system and method may be used for controlling generation of light from the one or more lighting devices within a lighting system, in response to an external input. The control system generally comprises a control interface module and a light generation module. The control interface module is configured to receive the external input and convert same in accordance with a predefined internal control protocol. The light generation module is communicatively linked to the control interface module to receive the converted input and is operatively linked to the one or more light-emitting element modules for controlling generation of light thereby in accordance with the converted input. In one example, the light generation module is either interchangeable or interchangeably adaptable to receive the external input in accordance with one of two or more control protocols.

Abstract: An exemplary LED control circuit includes an observation circuit to detect brightness of ambient light and generating a voltage signal accordingly; a sampling circuit to receive the voltage signal and generate a control signal according to the voltage signal; a controller to generate a selection signal according to the control signal received from the sampling circuit; and a regulating circuit connected to an LED driving circuit for adjusting a current of the LED driving circuit according to the selection signal.

Abstract: Described herein are light sensors that primarily respond to visible light while suppressing infrared light. Also described herein are systems the incorporate such light sensors. Such a system can include a display, a light source to backlight the display and a controller to control the brightness of the light source based on feedback received from such light sensors. Described herein are also methods for controlling backlighting.

Abstract: An illumination source including a first OLED layer capable of emitting light of a first color, a second OLED layer capable of emitting light of a second color and disposed on the first OLED layer, each of said first, second OLED layers including alternating active light-emitting areas and inactive non-light emitting areas; said first OLED layer comprising a first substrate, a first transparent electrode layer disposed on the substrate, a first electroluminescent layer capable of emitting light of the first color disposed on the first transparent electrode layer, and a first patterned metallized electrode layer forming the alternating active light-emitting areas and inactive non-light emitting areas; and said second OLED layer comprising a second substrate, a second transparent electrode layer disposed on the substrate, a second electroluminescent layer capable of emitting light of the second color disposed on the second transparent electrode layer, and a second patterned metallized electrode layer forming th

Abstract: An active matrix display includes at least one data driver circuit comprising a column data line and a parallel column current line; a plurality of pixels connected in series to both the column data line and the parallel column current line comprising at least one pixel that is responsive to the column data line to drive a selected pixel current to the at least one pixel; and a loopback control circuit at the head of the column and external to the plurality of pixels that senses a voltage difference between an input column current in the current line and a voltage of a load drawing on the current line and that adjusts a data programming voltage according to the difference.

Abstract: The invention allows a top-emission-type organic EL display device to use a chemically stable conductive film containing ITO for forming a lower electrode of an organic EL layer. The organic EL layer includes an electron injection layer, an electron transport layer, a light emission layer, a hole transport layer and a hole injection layer. An upper electrode which constitutes a transparent electrode is formed of an IZO film. A lower electrode adopts the two-layered structure consisting of a lower layer made of Al or an Al alloy having high reflectance and an upper layer formed of a chemically stable ITO film. To enable the injection of electrons from the ITO film which constitutes the lower electrode, the electron injection layer is formed using a film which is acquired by co-depositing Li and Alq3 at a molecular ratio of 3:1. Due to such a constitution, electrons can be injected from the ITO film thus realizing the top-emission-type organic EL display device.

Abstract: A controller used for a plasma display and a plasma display having the controller includes: a power supply including a first switch coupled to a primary of a transformer, the primary of the transformer supplying power to a secondary of the transformer according to an operation of the first switch; a feedback circuit to generate a feedback signal according to a voltage level of a reference voltage corresponding to a first voltage outputted to an output terminal connected to the secondary of the transformer; a switching controller to generate a switching control signal to control an ON/OFF operation of the first switch according to the feedback signal; and a reference voltage controller to compare the voltage level of the reference voltage with a predetermined voltage level and to control the voltage level of the reference voltage according to the comparison result.

Abstract: A control circuit for controlling a switching element in a switching power supply by generating a switching signal is disclosed. The control circuit may include a short start circuit that generates a switching signal so that an output voltage of the switching power supply gradually increases for a period until the output voltage reaches a predetermined reference voltage. The soft start circuit may increase the output voltage at a first limiting speed when the output voltage is lower than a predetermined threshold voltage, and may increase the output voltage at a second limiting speed which is set higher than the first limiting speed when the output voltage is higher than the threshold voltage.

Abstract: A control circuit is provided for a separately excited DC/DC converter which directly monitors output voltage to detect a short-circuit state, and performs overcurrent protection. A switching controller of the control circuit controls a switching operation of a switching transistor of the separately excited DC/DC converter. A voltage comparator compares the output voltage and a threshold voltage, to detect the short-circuit state. After a predetermined start-up time has elapsed after beginning start-up of the separately excited DC/DC converter, when the voltage comparator detects the short-circuit state, the switching controller halts the switching operation of the switching transistor, and makes detection of the short-circuit state by the voltage comparator non-operative before elapse of the start-up time.

Abstract: A resonant DC/AC inverter includes a DC power source providing a DC voltage, a half-bridge power switch circuit electrically connected to the DC power source being operative to convert the DC voltage to an AC voltage, a resonant tank electrically connected between an output of the half-bridge power switch circuit and an input of a load being operative to boost and filter the AC voltage to generate an AC power voltage supplied to the load, and a controller being operative to detect a magnitude of current in the load and a magnitude of a voltage across the load and to generate pulse waveforms for turning on and off the half-bridge power switch circuit, wherein the controller substantially instantaneously varies a frequency of the pulse waveforms and a duty cycle of the pulse waveforms so as to operate the resonant DC/AC inverter near a neighborhood of a resonant frequency of the resonant tank regardless of a conduction state of the load and improve the efficiency of the inverter regardless of the higher DC volt

Abstract: A lamp driving device includes first, second, and third voltage converters. The first voltage converter converts a direct current (DC) power voltage to a first pulse voltage. The second voltage converter converts the DC power voltage to a second pulse voltage. The third voltage converter generates a high alternating current (AC) voltage based on the first and second pulse voltages. The lamp driving device generates the high AC voltage without a transformer, so that a manufacturing cost of a display apparatus adopting the lamp driving device may be reduced.

Abstract: A low cost ballast circuit for fluorescent lamp is provided. A fluorescent lamp is connected in series with a resonant circuit having a transformer. A first switch and a second switch are coupled to switch the resonant circuit. A first winding of the transformer is connected in series with a capacitor to form the resonant circuit. A second winding and a third winding of the transformer are used for generating control signals in response to a switching current of the resonant circuit. The first switch and the second switch are controlled in response to the control signals. Furthermore, soft switching operation for the first switch and the second switch can be achieved by the present invention.

Abstract: The present invention provides a low-cost ballast circuit for fluorescent lamps. A resonant circuit has a transformer to operate the fluorescent lamp. The fluorescent lamp is connected in series with a first winding of the transformer. A first transistor and a second transistor are coupled to switch the resonant circuit. A second winding and a third winding of the transformer are used for generating control signals in response to a switching current of the resonant circuit. Furthermore, the present invention achieves soft operation for the first transistor and the second transistor.

Abstract: A light emitting device and the fabrication method includes forming one or more light emitting modules on a substrate. The light emitting module receives an alternating current input and has at least two micro diodes. Each micro diode has at least two active layers and is electrically connected by a conductive structure so as to allow the active layers of the micro diodes to alternately emit light during positive and negative cycles of the alternating-current input.

Abstract: A light-emitting display driver architecture and a method of supplying power and data thereto are disclosed. The driver architecture includes a wire interface with a host controller electrically connected thereto. Further, first and second pixel nodes are connected to the wire interface in parallel. The first and second pixel nodes each include a communication unit, a control unit, a driver, and a light-emitting element. A data signal and a power signal is then transmitted from the host controller through the wire interface, in which data is extracted from the data signal for the first pixel node based upon a fixed unique ID corresponding to the first pixel node.

Abstract: In a discharge lamp apparatus for lighting a discharge lamp, a ballast is disposed outside of a lamp housing of a discharge lamp and is electrically connected to the discharge lamp through a connector. A ballast housing of the ballast is connected to a bottom wall of the lamp housing. In the ballast housing, a ballast circuit board is arranged along a top wall of the ballast housing that is opposed to the lamp housing. Accordingly, it is less likely that the ballast circuit board will be wetted by condensation or water vapor entered the ballast housing. Additionally, a partition wall can be provided in the ballast housing between the connector and the ballast circuit board to block the condensation or water vapor from flowing toward the ballast circuit board.

Abstract: A method and system of flicker suppression for an LED 26. The method includes providing a power supply 10 for supplying current to the LED 26. The power supply 10 includes a flicker suppressor 50 and is responsive to a dim command signal. The method further includes receiving the dim command signal at the power supply 10, switching the current on and limiting the current to maintain LED light output below 110 percent of the LED light output corresponding to the dim command signal.

Abstract: A back light unit comprising a light source and a transformer is provided. The transformer has a first side and a second side. The first side is used to receive a pulse width modulation (PWM) signal. More specifically, the second side has a first terminal, a measurement terminal and a second terminal. The first terminal is grounded so that a first inductance is formed between the measurement terminal and the first terminal and a second inductance is formed between the second terminal and the first terminal. In addition, the measurement terminal outputs a measurement voltage to represent a work characteristic parameter and the second terminal outputs a driving signal to drive the light source.