Abstract: A mechanical scanner for ion implantation of a substrate, the mechanical scanner comprising a hexapod with a movable platform for holding the substrate, wherein the hexapod is arranged to have six degrees of freedom to allow the movable platform to be traversed relative to an ion beam along a predetermined path.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for exciting gas that involves generating an alternating magnetic field unidirectionally through a magnetic core defining a gap, across the gap and through a plasma vessel that includes dielectric material. The magnetic field induces an electric field in the plasma vessel that generates the plasma.

Abstract: To provide a technology of increasing a sensitivity of detecting fluorescence. A fluorescence detecting device includes an excitation light source emitting excitation light that excites a fluorescence-marked measured object, a first optical path via which the excitation light impinges on the fluorescence-marked measured object, a detector detecting fluorescence emitted when the excitation light impinges on the fluorescence-marked measured object, a second optical path via which the fluorescence gets incident on the detector, and a chopper chopping the excitation light passing through the first optical path and the fluorescence passing through the second optical path, and thus controlling a relative relationship between a passage period of the excitation light and a passage period of the fluorescence.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are a thermoluminescent dosimeter for radiation monitoring, comprising LiF doped with Mg, Cu and Si, and a fabrication method thereof. The LiF:Mg,Cu,Si thermoluminescent dosimeter is fabricated by heating a LiF-based thermoluminescent powder material having a composition of LiF mother material, 0.1-0.5 mol % of a Mg compound, 0.001-0.05 mol % of a Cu compound and 0.5-1.3 mol % of a Si compound to a temperature of 900-1200° C. to melt the LiF-based material, cooling the melted material, compression-molding the cooled material, sintering the molded material, cooling the sintered material, and then annealing the cooled material. The thermoluminescent dosimeter has high thermal stability and thus maintains constant thermoluminescence sensitivity even when it is annealed at a high temperature of more than 240° C.

Abstract: A radiation image formation read out method for a storage phosphor screen. A phosphor screen is exposed to a first stimulating radiation from a first side of the screen to release a first stimulated radiation in the pattern of the stored image. The first stimulating radiation is at a first power level, a first scan speed, and a first set of scanning parameters and is photoelectrically detected. The storage phosphor screen is again exposed to a second stimulating radiation from the first side of the screen to release a second stimulated radiation in the pattern of the stored image. The second stimulating radiation is at a second power level, a second scan speed, and a second set of scanning parameters. The second scanning exposure is higher than the first scanning exposure and the second set of scanning parameters differs in at least one parameter from the first set of scanning parameters.

Abstract: A substrate processing apparatus and method are disclosed.

Abstract: A method for generating visible light and a deceptive signature pattern for an emissions producing asset is disclosed. The method comprises illuminating at least one lighting assembly of the asset in a pattern. The pattern produces visible light synchronous with a signature of a wavelength in a substantially similar range as normal emissions of the asset. The method also comprises modulating a radiant intensity of the signature of the at least one lighting assembly between a minimum radiant intensity and a maximum radiant intensity in a repetitive cycle and operating a controller to regulate the pattern.

Abstract: A cluster source is used to assist charged particle beam processing. For example, a protective layer is applied using a cluster source and a precursor gas. The large mass of the cluster and the low energy per atom or molecule in the cluster restricts damage to within a few nanometers of the surface. Fullerenes or clusters of fullerenes, bismuth, gold or Xe can be used with a precursor gas to deposit material onto a surface, or can be used with an etchant gas to etch the surface. Clusters can also be used to deposit material directly onto the surface to form a protective layer for charged particle beam processing or to provide energy to activate an etchant gas.

Abstract: A radiation system for generating a beam of radiation that defines an optical axis is provided. The radiation system includes a plasma produced discharge source for generating EUV radiation. The discharge source includes a pair of electrodes constructed and arranged to be provided with a voltage difference, and a system for producing a plasma between the pair of electrodes so as to provide a discharge in the plasma between the electrodes. The radiation system also includes a debris catching shield for catching debris from the electrodes. The debris catching shield is constructed and arranged to shield the electrodes from a line of sight provided in a predetermined spherical angle relative the optical axis, and to provide an aperture to a central area between the electrodes in the line of sight.

Abstract: A process for stripping chemically bonded spinning solvent from a solution-spun nonwoven web comprising the steps of providing a nonwoven web comprising solvent-laden polymeric fibers having average fiber diameters of less than about 1 micrometer, and transporting the nonwoven web through a solvent stripping zone wherein microwave radiation irradiates the nonwoven web and a solvent stripping fluid impinges on the nonwoven web in order to reduce the solvent concentration of the fibers to less than about 10,000 ppmw.

Abstract: Methods, systems and apparatus for producing a variable, known number of nanoparticles of various materials in an expanding mist in a vacuum or enclosure. The configurations allow for this mist of small particles to be produced in bursts, at repetition rates over a wide range of frequencies. The technique produces an isotropically expanding mist of particles. Direct applications of the invention can be used for the development of high power short wavelength incoherent light sources for applications in EUV lithography (EUVL), advanced microscopy, precision metrology, and other fields.

Abstract: A multi-beam synchronous raster scanning lithography system includes a processor that generates electrical signals representing a desired exposure pattern at an output. A multi-beam source of exposing radiation generates a plurality of exposure beam. A beam modulator receives the electrical signals generated by the processor and modulates the plurality of exposing beams according to the desired exposure pattern. A beam deflector deflects the plurality of exposure beams by a predetermined distance along a first axis, thereby exposing a plurality of pixels along the first axis with the desired exposure pattern. A translation stage moves the substrate a predetermined distance along a second axis to position the substrate for a subsequent exposure of pixels along the first axis that results in a desired overlapping exposure dose profile.

Abstract: A patterned beam of radiation is projected onto a substrate. A reflective optical element is used to help form the radiation beam from radiation emitted from a plasma region of a plasma source. In the plasma source, a plasma current is generated in the plasma region. To reduce damage to the reflective optical element, a magnetic field is applied in the plasma region with at least a component directed along a direction of the plasma current. This axial magnetic field helps limit the collapse of the Z-pinch region of the plasma. By limiting the collapse, the number of fast ions emitted may be reduced.

Abstract: The invention relates to a radiation system for generating electromagnetic radiation. The radiation system includes a pair of electrodes constructed and arranged to generate plasma of a first substance and a pinch in the plasma. The radiation system also includes a plasma recombination surface that is arranged proximate to the pinch, and is configured to neutralize a plurality of plasma particles.

Abstract: A lighthead for a dual-mode searchlight including a generally concave housing with an attached infrared (IR) light source assembly, an insulating barrier and air gap between the visible and IR portions of the assembly, and a reflector integral to the housing.

Abstract: Systems, devices, and methods for filling containers with radioactive materials are described. In certain embodiments, the systems comprise a shielding material that substantially defines a chamber and, preferably, substantially blocks radioactivity, a conduit extending through the shielding material into the chamber, and a securing unit that is disposed in the chamber proximal to the conduit and is adapted to receive a container through the conduit.

Abstract: A device unit 46 is constituted by including a lead frame 50 on which a light-emitting mold portion 48 and a light-receiving mold portion 49 are mounted. Moreover, an exterior casing for housing the device unit 46 is constituted of two parts dividable into an upper casing 45 and a lower casing 47. Thus, by holding the device unit 46 by the upper casing 45 and the lower casing 47, external connection terminals 43 constructed of one end portion of the lead frame 50 can be fixed to the exterior casing and positioned in a connector portion 42. Therefore, by reducing the parts count to three and allowing the device unit 46 to be fixed to the exterior casing by a fixed fitting mechanism of the upper casing 45 and the lower casing 47 without performing welding, soldering, thermal caulking or the like, the assembling becomes easy.

Abstract: A radiation image formation read out method for a storage phosphor screen. A phosphor screen is exposed to a first stimulating radiation from a first side of the screen to release a first stimulated radiation in the pattern of the stored image. The first stimulating radiation is at a first power level, a first scan speed, and a first set of scanning parameters and is photoelectrically detected. The storage phosphor screen is again exposed to a second stimulating radiation from the first side of the screen to release a second stimulated radiation in the pattern of the stored image. The second stimulating radiation is at a second power level, a second scan speed, and a second set of scanning parameters. The second scanning exposure is higher than the first scanning exposure and the second set of scanning parameters differs in at least one parameter from the first set of scanning parameters.

Abstract: A mount for a bonnet of a blowout preventer includes at least one support member coupled to a body of the blowout preventer, and a bonnet mounting member moveably coupled to the at least one support member and adapted to move substantially normal to a face of the body of the blowout preventer, wherein the bonnet is coupled to the bonnet mounting member.

Abstract: A pressure regulating valve includes a body having an outer surface, the interior of the body defining an inlet chamber adapted to receive a fluid at a process pressure, and an outlet chamber. The body includes at least one inlet passage communicating with the inlet chamber and the outer surface, and at least one outlet passage communicating with the outer surface and the outlet chamber. A reference housing is adapted to be disposed in fluid communication with a fluid at a predetermined reference pressure. An annular membrane is disposed between the body and the reference housing, so as to circumscribe the inlet and outlet passages. The membrane is arranged such that, when the reference pressure is higher than the process pressure the membrane engages at least one outlet passage, and when the process pressure is higher than the reference pressure, the membrane is not engaged with the outlet passage.

Abstract: An actuator system including a shaft, elements arranged to power the shaft and at least one actuated member actuated by the elements arranged to power the shaft. The elements arranged to power the shaft include a plurality of transverse flux motors.

Abstract: A remotely activated shut-off for stopping a fluid flow in a fluid line by actuating an existing valve in fluid connection with the fluid line wherein the valve is within an existing valve body and includes an existing external element for the actuating of the valve between a valve open position and a valve closed position. The shut-off including an outer body having means for connecting the outer body to the valve body in a mounted position such that the external element is substantially covered when the shut-off is in the mounted position. The shut-off further including a coupler for mating engagement with the external element such that movement of the coupler is translated to the external element and a lever within the housing that is moveable between a first position and a second position and is selectively engageable with the coupler such that movement of the lever from the first position to the second position actuates the valve to the valve closed position.

Abstract: A solenoid of a solenoid valve is fixed to a body in direct contact with the body in which a fluid channel is formed. A board is fixed to the solenoid in direct contact with the solenoid.

Abstract: A butterfly-type valve for controlling toner material flow to a toner container, including, a valve plate which is pivotally disposed in an elongate flow path defined by a passage way, wherein the valve plate is pivotal from a closed position which substantially closes a fluid communication along the path to an open position which maximally permitting fluid communication along the path, a gap area defined between the valve plate and the passage way when the valve plate is in the closed position which allows minimum toner material flow therethrough without compressing the toner material, and a pump for supplying air to the gap area when the valve plate is in the closed position to stop the minimum toner material flow.

Abstract: A fluid control valve utilizes a rotatable plug valve member mounted in a fluid passage to control the flow of fluids. Two segments are placed on each side of the plug valve member within a recess located between the plug valve member and the body of the fluid passage. The outer surface of the segments includes an elastomeric seal and metal annular boss, which acts as a stop to limit deformation of the seal when the valve is closed and under pressure.

Abstract: A process for preparing a composition for use as a polymer electrolyte is provided which comprises mixing one or more polar materials and one or more polyesters of formula III, wherein y is from 1.5 to 80 and each unit A may be identical or different and is of the structure IV, wherein x is from 1 to 5 and each unit B may be identical or different and is of the structure V, wherein R and R1 are each, independently, hydrogen, optionally substituted hydrocarbyl or an inert functional group, wherein the mixture is prepared to contain from 1 to 50 wt. % of the one or more polar materials and from 50 to 99 wt. % of the one or more polyesters of formula III. A method for using such polymer electrolytes in cells, batteries, coulometers, displays, and smart windows is also provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compositions for use in refrigeration and air conditioning systems comprising 1,1,1,2,2,4,5,5,5-nonafluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-3-pentanone and at least one chlorocarbon, alcohol, ketone, ether, ester, N-(difluoromethyl)-N,N-dimethylamine, 1,1,1,2,2-pentafluoro-2-[(pentafluoroethyl)thio]ethane or mixtures thereof, and which are also useful in systems employing a centrifugal compressor The compositions of the present invention may be azeotropic or near azeotropic and are useful in processes for producing refrigeration or heat or as heat transfer fluids.

Abstract: A wafer processing apparatus, including a heater apparatus, is provided. The heater apparatus includes a coating layer; and a seal structure in contact with the coating layer. The seal structure is formed from a seal formable material. The seal formable material includes at least one of a YASB glassy composition, a CGYP glassy composition, or a combination of the YASB glassy composition and the CGYP glassy composition. A method and device are also included.

Abstract: Provided are an etchant, a method for fabricating a wire using the etchant, and a method for fabricating a thin film transistor (TFT) substrate using the etchant. The etchant includes a material having the formula 1, ammonium acetic acid, and the remainder of deionized water, wherein the formula 1 is expressed by: M(OH)XLY ??(1) where M indicates Zn, Sn, Cr, Al, Ba, Fe, Ti, Si, or B, X indicates 2 or 3, L indicates H2O, NH3, CN, COR, or NH2R, Y indicates 0, 1, 2, or 3, and R indicates an alkyl group.

Abstract: Alloyed nanophenes, comprising carbon, nitrogen, and a Group III element other than boron, are provided. The alloyed nanophenes are useful, for example, as miniature electronic components, such as wires, coils, schottky barriers, diodes, inductors, memory elements, and other circuit devices and elements.

Abstract: The invention relates to bimesogenic compounds of formula (I): R1-MG-X-Sp-X2-MG-R2 wherein R1, R2, MG1, MG2, X1, X2 and Sp have the meaning given in claim 1, to the use of bimesogenic compounds of formula (I) in liquid crystal media and devices, in particular in flexoelectric liquid crystal devices, to liquid crystal media and devices, in particular flexoelectric devices, comprising bimesogenic compounds of formula (I) and to improvements in flexoelectric devices.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of pyridine N-oxide based azo dyes and their metal complexes in optical layers for optical data recording, preferably for optical data recording using a blue laser with a wavelength up to 450 nm or a red laser with a wavelength up to 650 nm. The invention further relates to a write only read many (WORM) type optical recording medium capable of recording and reproducing information with radiation of a blue or red laser, which employs a pyridine N-oxide based azo dye or a respective metal complex in the optical layer.

Abstract: There are provided a portable press powder for latent fingerprints using natural minerals capable of taking latent fingerprints from a surface of a material object, the latent fingerprints being left when the material object is touched with a hand but invisible to the naked eye, and a method for preparing the same. The portable press powder for latent fingerprints according to the present invention can be useful to take clear fingerprints in more economical manner since it is safe to human body and the powder scattering is low when compared to the conventional blackish powders, and thus, it is environment-friendly, easy to take fingerprints and easy to handle a powder.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a composition comprising an organic polymer composition that comprises an organic polymer that has a refractive index of about 1.60 to about 1.66; and an xray absorbing filler composition that comprises barium sulfate that has been annealed to a temperature of about 500 to about 1,500° C. Disclosed herein too is a method for manufacturing a composition comprising annealing barium sulfate to a temperature of about 500 to about 1,500° C. to form annealed barium sulfate; and blending an organic polymer composition with the annealed barium sulfate; wherein the organic polymer composition comprises an organic polymer that has a refractive index of about 1.60 to about 1.66.

Abstract: The present invention provides electrically conductive paper composites prepared from cellulose fibers modified to bind a conducting polymer to a surface of the cellulose fibers and mixing these with unmodified cellulose fibers and forming paper products from the composite. Conducting paper composites so formed were investigated for their conductivity and strength properties as a function of monomer dosage or percentage of modified fibers in the mixture and for the composites it was found that less monomer (i.e. conductive polymer) was needed to achieve the same conductivity obtained from conducting paper made from only the modified cellulose. A higher tensile strength was obtained with the composite conducting paper than was attained with conducting paper made from only the modified cellulose. The electrically conductive paper composites may also be prepared from cellulose fibers mixed with particulate fillers modified to bind a conducting polymer to a surface of the particulate fillers.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of recrystallizing a silicon sheet, and in particular recrystallizing a small grained silicon sheet to improve material properties such as grain size and orientation. According to one aspect, the method includes using rapid thermal processing (RTP) to melt and recrystallize one or more entire silicon sheet(s) in one heating sequence. According to another aspect, the method includes directionally controlling a temperature drop across the thickness of the sheet so as to facilitate the production of a small number of nuclei in the melted material and their growth into large grains. According to a further aspect, the invention includes a re-crystallization chamber in an overall process flow that enables high-throughput processing of silicon sheets having desired properties for applications such as photovoltaic modules.

Abstract: Methods for preparing low resistivity nanocomposite layers that simultaneously offer optical clarity, wear resistance and superior functional performance. Nanofillers and a substance having a polymer are mixed. Both low-loaded and highly-loaded nanocomposites are included. Nanoscale coated and un-coated fillers may be used. Nanocomposite films may be coated on substrates.

Abstract: A hybrid spring extender is composed of a spring cup bonded to a urethane or polyurethane spacer. The spring cup is metal and may include one or more mechanical elements to secure the spring cup to the polyurethane spacer. The hybrid spring extender is installed between the spring and the frame element that normally secures the spring to increase lift, or the height of the vehicle frame from the pavement. The use of a metal spring cup protects the polyurethane from deformation, dissipates heat and spreads the load from the spring to the entire polyurethane spacer. The combination of metal spring cup and polyurethane spacer also minimizes noise and rotational forces on the spacer.

Abstract: A power cord winding apparatus for manually winding a power cord of a vacuum cleaner. The apparatus includes a loop body in the form of a pipe and having an opening formed on a side thereof, a door cover hinged to the opening of the loop body, three rollers rotatably disposed in the loop body to support a power cord passing through the inside of the loop body, a connecting part extended from an opposite side to the side of the loop body on which the opening is formed, and an arch part the form of an arch above the connecting part.

Abstract: The invention relates to an apparatus for at least partially retracting from a substantial horizontal shaft (4) a train of parts (5) of a high wall mining apparatus which are located within said shaft (4), the apparatus comprising: a connection element (8) connectable to the train of parts (5), and a pulling device (6) located outside the shaft (4) and connected to the connection element (8) for retracting the connecting element (8). The invention also relates to a method for at least partially retracting from a substantial horizontal shaft (4) a train of parts (5) of a high wall mining apparatus which are located within said shaft (4).

Abstract: A leveling system for use with recreational vehicles having one or more leveling mechanisms to level the vehicle in the side-to-side and front-to-back directions. The invention comprises a level unit that is placed on a generally horizontal surface inside the vehicle and a control unit which is in spaced apart relation to the level unit. Both units have a controller and transceiver for wireless communication with the other unit and one or more batteries as the power supply. The level unit has one or more level sensing mechanisms to determine the pitch and roll of the vehicle. Preferably, a single dual-axis tilt measuring mechanism is utilized. The control unit has one or more control buttons to allow the operator to activate and operate the system and a display panel that displays the amount of pitch and roll correction necessary to place the recreational vehicle in its level condition.

Abstract: A control apparatus for carrying a heavy object is composed of a base which is connected with an elastic assembly that can move upward and downward, and the elastic assembly which is provided with an upper plate for loading the heavy object. By an upward displacement of the elastic assembly, the upper plate can push up the heavy object, and by a downward displacement of the elastic assembly, the upper plate of the elastic assembly can be escaped from the heavy object, and the heavy object can be escaped from the elastic assembly and the base, such that during a process of moving or transporting the heavy object, the heavy object can be quickly, conveniently, and safely escaped from or slid into the base, and in the mean time, a displacement of a weight-lifting vehicle or a crane can be eliminated upon being loaded with the heavy object.

Abstract: A method of releasably connecting a cable to a post in a manner such that the cable will release from the post when the post is deformed toward ground level, the method includes the steps of providing a post having an interior cavity and a slot formed through a post face wall extending from the top end of the post; disposing a cable within a loop formed in an elongated section of a connector; hanging the connector from the top end of the post, the elongated section positioned substantially within the cavity and the loop and the disposed cable positioned exterior of the cavity; and tensioning the cable.

Abstract: A customizable extruded bottom rail for a fence having a topside that is machine customizable to receive a plurality of stanchions taken from the group of picket, post, pole rod, bar, shaft, bar, and lath and supported on a substantially co-planar platform interiorly extending the length of the rail spaced apart from the topside separating the interior cavity into a stanchion supporting portion and a structurally reinforced portion with the structurally reinforced portion having a metallic stiffener positioned within a stiffener compartment having a plurality of braces extending between the rail's interior walls and the stiffener compartment walls that are situated for continued structural integrity of the product and continued continuity of the rail having the stiffener serving as brace anchor and deterring deformation of the fence rail of the instant invention from exterior forces.

Abstract: An extruded bottom fence rail having a topside longitudinal track extending the length of the rail for holding the bottom portion of at least one planar article taken from the group of sheet, panel, board, plank, slat, and lath with an interiorly positioned stiffener compartment having a plurality of braces extending between the rail's interior walls and the stiffener compartment walls and optionally providing that the planar article has outward projections within that portion contained with the bottom-rail track providing for potential linear movement while preventing vertical movement.

Abstract: A phase change memory element and methods for forming the same are provided. The memory element includes a first electrode and a chalcogenide comprising phase change material layer over the first electrode. A metal-chalcogenide layer is over the phase change material layer. The metal chalcogenide layer is tin-telluride. A second electrode is over the metal-chalcogenide layer. The memory element is configured to have reduced current requirements.

Abstract: An integrated circuit having resistive memory is disclosed. In one embodiment, the memory includes novel memory cells which have two electrodes and a layer arranged in between and including an active material which contains [1,2]dithiolo[4,3-[c]-1,2-dithiol-3,6-dithione, (2,4,7-trinitro-9-fluorenylidene)malonodinitrile and a polymer are disclosed. In one embodiment, a process for the production of the cells according to the invention is provided, as well as the novel use of a composition which can be used as active material for the memory cells.

Abstract: A programmable via structure is provided as well as a method of fabricating the same. The inventive programmable via a semiconductor substrate. An oxide layer such as a thermal oxide is located on a surface of the semiconductor substrate. A patterned heating material is located on a surface of the oxide layer. The inventive structure also includes a patterned dielectric material having a least one via filled with a phase change material (PCM). The patterned dielectric material including the PCM filled via is located on a surface of the patterned heating material. A patterned diffusion barrier is located on an exposed surface of said at least one via filled with the phase change material. The inventive structure also includes contact vias that extend through the patterned dielectric material. The contact vias are filled with a conductive material which also extends onto the upper surface of the patterned dielectric material.

Abstract: The invention relates to a memory device, in particular to a resistively switching memory device such as a Phase Change Random Access Memory (“PCRAM”). In one disclosed method, a nanowire of non-conducting material is formed serving as a mould for producing a nanotube of conducting material. A volume of switching active material is deposited on top of the nanotube, so that the ring-shaped front face of the nanotube couples to the switching active material and thus forms a bottom electrode contact.

Abstract: A phase change memory device includes a lower electrode provided on a substrate, an interlayer insulating layer including a contact hole exposing the lower electrode, and covering the substrate, a resistant material pattern filling the contact hole, a phase change pattern interposed between the resistant material pattern and the interlayer insulating layer, and extending between the resistant material pattern and the lower electrode, wherein the resistant material pattern has a higher resistance than the phase change pattern, and an upper electrode in contact with the phase change pattern, the upper electrode being electrically connected to the lower electrode through the phase change pattern.