Abstract: A bicycle wheel rim assembly includes a rim and a hub is located at a center of the rim. A plurality of spokes are connected between the hub and the rim. Each spoke is a flat board and includes a first end which is engaged with one of the notches defined in the hub and a plurality threaded sections extend from a second end of each spoke, the threaded sections are fixed to the rim.

Abstract: A bicycle wheel rim comprises a ring-shaped wheel rim body having a rotational axis. A colored surface is formed by dipping the rim body in a coloring agent so that a first color difference portion and a second color difference portion are formed on opposite sides of the rim body.

Abstract: The invention relates to a brake system for a vehicle having at least one brake circuit which includes at least one wheel brake, one inlet valve, one outlet valve, and one return device. The return device has at least one first pump device and one second pump device, having respective inlet valves and outlet valves. The pump devices have a delivery cycle offset from each other. An additional valve is located in every supply line of every pump device for preventing negative pressure produced in an intake phase of one of the pump devices from being applied to an inlet valve of another pump device.

Abstract: Provided are a brake control system for a vehicle and a control method thereof.

Abstract: A combined service brake and spring-loaded brake cylinder includes an air-bleed valve having a piston supporting a valve body, which is guided inside a cylinder in an axially displaceable manner, and at least one first pressure spring supported on the piston being loaded against a first valve seat on the piston. The piston is loaded by at least one second pressure spring which is supported on the piston rod, in such a manner that the valve body is pushed toward a second valve seat on the piston rod and away from the first valve seat.

Abstract: A braking system is provided for applying pressurized hydraulic brake fluid to a plurality of vehicle brakes. The system includes a source of pressurized brake fluid, a first brake fluid circuit, and a boost valve for controlling a flow of brake fluid from the source to the first circuit. A first brake actuator is actuated by brake fluid from the first circuit and a second brake actuator operated by an application of brake fluid from the first circuit. The system further includes a second brake fluid circuit and a third brake fluid circuit. A third brake actuator is actuated by brake fluid from the second circuit. A fourth brake actuator actuated by brake fluid from the third circuit. A master cylinder includes a primary piston, a first secondary piston, and second secondary piston.

Abstract: In a method for operating a preventive-action protection system in a motor vehicle having safety devices for lessening the consequences of accidents, driving state data are monitored and with respect to a state of emergency braking. At least one of the safety devices is triggered if a state of emergency braking is determined and confirmed by a plausibility check. For the plausibility check, at least the control state of an antilock brake system and one of the brake pressure is monitored.

Abstract: THEME To provide a crawler unit that can move over a high step or bump. MEANS TO SOLVE A crawler belt 20 includes first regions and second regions alternately arranged in a circumferential direction thereof. The first region has at least one first tread lug 25 and the second region has at least one second tread lug 26. The first tread lug 25 has high flexural rigidity and is not easily bent and the second tread lug 26 has low flexural rigidity and is easily bent. The first tread lug 25 catches on an upper end of a high step or bump S with the second tread lug 26 in a bent condition, thus allowing the crawler unit to move over the step or bump.

Abstract: A machine track system includes a track with track shoes each having a footprint, and a ground contact area equal to the footprint, the track shoes being coupled together by a total of two track chains. A first rail and a second rail are located between first and second outboard edges of each of the track shoes, such that track rollers roll directly on the track shoes. The track chains are spaced outboard of the rails, and a guide block configured to engage with an idler and a drive sprocket is positioned between the respective rails. A sprocket and idler for use with the track system includes removable track contacting segments having pockets configured to receive the guide blocks for driving and guiding the track.

Abstract: A multi-voltage vehicle electrical system for a motor vehicle is provided, including at least one multi-voltage generator, a first energy store, whose energy may be fed into a first low-voltage vehicle electrical system branch having low-voltage consumers, and a second energy store, whose energy may be fed into a second high-voltage vehicle electrical system branch having high-voltage consumers, as well as at least one controllable switching device, using which the energy generated by the multi-voltage generator may be distributed to the first and the second vehicle electrical system branches, the first and the second energy stores being connected in series to one another and the first vehicle electrical system branch being connected to a node between the first and the second energy store and to a reference potential of the first energy store.

Abstract: There is described a method for operating a system of modular structure, which can be extended during operation by adding modules that consume electrical energy, in particular a process automation system, the system having a power supply, which supplies the other modules of the system with electrical energy, with at least one signal being generated and displayed before a further module that consumes electrical energy is added, from which signal it is possible to identify or derive the level of current electrical power, which the power supply can still supply to the further module to be added given the already added modules—residual power—and/or the level of power, which the power supply supplies currently to the already added modules and/or from which it can be identified or derived whether the module to be added can be added without overloading the power supply.

Abstract: A device for controlling power transfer between two cores of a direct current network, in which the cores, which are source-charge interconnection nodes, include protective and contact members, placed in different areas of a power distribution system in which the direct current network is installed. The device includes an electronic power converter including two switching cells mutually interconnected by an inductance, wherein each switching cell includes two switches, and a module for controlling the converter, which ensures both a controllable direct current power transfer and stabilization of the direct current voltage.

Abstract: A direct current (DC) transmission and distribution system (10) includes a system DC link (12) configured for carrying power from a source (14) to a plurality of loads (16) and DC to alternating current (AC) power converter modules (18, 118, 218, 318, 418) coupled in series to the system DC link on a load side of the system DC link.

Abstract: A power supply device that switches one of a first power supply, a second power supply, and a third power supply, all of which supply power to an auxiliary device, to a transfer gate in a CMOS image sensor having a photodiode and outputs the corresponding power to the transfer gate is disclosed. The device includes: a first transistor driven by the second power supply and outputting power of the second power supply to the transfer gate; a second transistor driven by the second power supply and outputting power of the first power supply to the transfer gate; a third transistor driven by the third power supply and outputting power of the third power supply to the transfer gate; and a fourth transistor located before the second transistor, driven by the first power supply, and outputting power of the first power supply to a source of the second transistor.

Abstract: Techniques, systems and apparatus are described for providing a voltage selection circuitry and a DC-to-DC converter having such voltage selection circuitry. The voltage selection circuitry includes a first terminal voltage sensing unit that senses a voltage of a first terminal and a second terminal voltage sensing unit that senses a voltage of a second terminal. The voltage selection circuitry also includes a comparison unit connected to the first terminal voltage sensing unit and the second terminal voltage sensing unit. The comparison unit compares the voltage of the first terminal with the voltage of the second terminal and outputs a comparison signal indicating a difference between the sensed voltages of the first and second terminals. The voltage selection circuitry includes a selection unit that selects a higher voltage from the sensed voltages of the first and second terminals in response to the comparison signal.

Abstract: A method of controlling a plurality of power converters 1a, 1b and 1c can be used to interface to a supply network, ac busbar etc. Each power converter includes a network bridge 14 operating in accordance with a pulse width modulation (PWM) strategy having the same switching period and which causes at least one unwanted harmonic in the supply network voltage. The method includes the step of providing the switching period of the PWM strategy of each network bridge with a different time offset relative to a time datum such that the at least one unwanted harmonic in the supply network voltage is at least partially cancelled. Two alternative ways of providing the time offset are described.

Abstract: A switching unit for connecting a load to a mains as a function of a demand for a consumption current by the load comprises a mains port for electrically connecting the switching unit to the mains, a load port for electrically connecting the switching unit to the load, a switching element for producing a substantially conductive electrical connection between the mains port and the load port in its closed state and substantially breaking the said electrical connection in its open state. Furthermore, the switching unit comprises current measuring means for measuring a consumption current consumed by the load, and the control means, which are connected to the switching element, are designed to bring the switching element into the open and closed states on the basis of a consumption current measured by means of the current measuring means in an at least temporarily closed state of the switching element.

Abstract: A stator packet for magnetic levitation vehicles is described. The stator packet has a plurality of sheets (1) made from steel, two end sheets (14, 15) having perforations (16) at its ends and an anti-corrosion layer (2) at least partially surrounding the stator packet and will adhering thereto because of the perforations (16).

Abstract: A voice coil motor. At least one guide bar is connected to a fixed base. A coil is connected to the fixed base. A support base is movably fit on the guide bar. An annular magnetic member is connected to the support base and surrounded by the coil. A magnetization direction of the annular magnetic member parallels a moving direction of the support base and annular magnetic member. The annular magnetic member includes a first magnetic pole and a second magnetic pole. The first magnetic pole is disposed in the coil and separated from the bottom thereof. The second magnetic pole is disposed outside the coil. The coil interacts with the annular magnetic member to generate a first force, driving the support base and annular magnetic member to move along the magnetization direction of the annular magnetic member.

Abstract: A plastics injection-moulding machine is to be equipped with a more compact drive that undergoes less wear. For this purpose, it is envisaged to integrate the direct rotational drive into the direct linear drive. Accordingly, the electric linear motor has a pot-shaped external rotor (13), in the inner space of which the main part of a hollow-cylindrical stator (16) of the linear motor is arranged and which is firmly connected to the output shaft (10). The rotary drive has a stator (18), which is mounted on the inner wall of the hollow-cylindrical stator (16) of the linear motor, and a rotor, which is firmly coupled to the output shaft (10) within the stator (18) of the rotary electric motor. This direct drive produces a very compact type of construction and it is possible to dispense with easily wearing threaded spindles.

Abstract: A reliable and cost-efficient direct drive force feedback motor is suitable for joystick applications, allowing multiple degrees of output freedom, requiring no coil commutation, and permitting compact packaging. A multiple degree-of-freedom motor consistent with the invention comprises an output shaft, a stator, and a rotor. The stator comprises first and second lamination stacks, each lamination stack having an interior curved surface and a coil wound thereon, the lamination stacks being disposed adjacent the output shaft. The rotor is fixed to the output shaft and movably supported adjacent the stator with an air gap disposed between the rotor and the stator, the rotor including at least one magnet disposed thereon and being movable along the interior curved surface of the lamination stacks in directions defining at least first and second degrees of freedom.

Abstract: Chassis part of a vehicle, with a magnet (2) and at least one electric coil (10), which interacts with the magnetic field generated by the magnet (2), wherein the magnet (2) and the coil (10) are mobile in relation to one another. The chassis part (13) can perform vibrations with at least one natural frequency, wherein the magnet (2) is fastened to a spring (8) and is mobile relative to the coil (10), and wherein the natural frequency of the oscillator (14) having the magnet (2) and the spring (8) is tuned to the natural frequency of the chassis part (13).

Abstract: A linear actuator is provided with a rotor and a stator. The rotor comprises at least two stacks of permanently magnetic rods one over another, the stacks being arranged at a predetermined distance from each other. The stator is at least partly produced from a soft magnetic material, and comprises at least two pairs of teeth with teeth opposite each other, each pair of teeth receiving one of the two stacks between them while forming an air gap. The stator has at least two magnetically conducting inner areas which are located between the two stacks and arranged at a predetermined distance from each other in the direction of motion of the rotor. The inner areas are each at least partially surrounded by a substantially hollow cylindrical coil arrangement, the central longitudinal axis of which is oriented substantially transversely to the direction of motion of the rotor.

Abstract: An electromagnetic actuator has a base plate including a plurality of electric wires queued in a queued direction at an interval. Each electric wire produces a magnetic field when supplied with current. A movable portion is mounted on the base plate and is movable relative to the base plate in the queued direction. The movable portion includes a pole surface facing toward the electric wires. The movable portion is moved in the queued direction when magnetic attraction or magnetic repulsion is generated between the pole surface and the magnetic field produced by each electric wire. The pole surface is magnetically attracted by at least one of the electric wires facing toward the pole surface when the movable portion is being moved in the queued direction.

Abstract: The invention relates to an electromagnetic actuator comprised of a mobile assembly, a fixed ferromagnetic stator assembly, at least one electric field coil, and of at least one permanent magnet, having two stable positions of equilibrium without current at its ends of travel. The invention is characterized in that the mobile assembly has two distinct ferromagnetic armatures placed on both sides of the stator assembly and each forms, together with the stator assembly, at least one magnetic circuit, and is characterized in that the permanent magnet magnetically cooperates with one of the other ferromagnetic mobile parts in a stable position of equilibrium without current at the end of travel.

Abstract: A stator coil includes a plurality of copper strands and a layer of high thermal conductivity polymer disposed adjacent at least one of the copper strands. The high thermal conductivity polymer includes a host polymer and a high thermal conductivity filler. The high thermal conductivity polymer improves heat transfer from the plurality copper strands.

Abstract: The invention concerns a water jacket for a rotary machine, the water jacket comprising at least one conduit (11) designed to be in cooling contact with at least one part of the machine and having at least one inlet coupling (12) and at least one outlet coupling for a coolant between which the conduit(s) (11) extend. The water jacket comprises an inner wall (17) and an outer wall (18) made of two different materials. The invention also concerns a rotary machine equipped with such a water jacket and an electromagnetic retarder provided with such a water jacket.

Abstract: A method of pumping wellbore fluid, comprising the steps of: installing an electric submersible pump in a wellbore; and operating the pump at more than 4,500 rpm to pump the wellbore fluid. Pumping in this manner provides a number of advantages in use in that the required high-speed motor and pump is shorter for a given power than existing arrangements, and provides increased reliability due to reduced complexity. A much shorter motor/pump combination also allows such equipment to be used in deviated boreholes with a reduction in damage due to mishandling and bending, as well as facilitating assembly and testing in the manufacturer's plant.

Abstract: A water-resistant electric motor includes a housing for receiving an electric motor armature therein and an end cap for closing an open end of the housing. The housing includes a drive shaft aperture within a cylindrical recess that receives a journal bearing and a ring seal. The end cap includes a wire access hole for receiving power supply wires. Surrounding the wire access hole is a ridge with cut-outs. A wire cover plate is seated on top of the ridge and includes cut-outs that correspond to the cut-outs in the ridge so that the power supply wires are accommodated therein when the cover plate is secured to the ridge. The wire access hole includes a grommet to seal the hole.

Abstract: An electric motor has a wound rotor having a shaft, a rotor core, a commutator and windings wound about the rotor core and connected to the commutator. It has a stator confronting the rotor; brush gear connecting the commutator to motor terminals; first and second bearings for rotatably supporting the rotor, and an oil stopper fitted to the shaft between the commutator and the first bearing for preventing oil migrating along the shaft from the first bearing reaching the commutator. The oil stopper is of high temperature material, preferably a metal such as brass, aluminum and steel.

Abstract: Devices and methods are provided for a rotor assembly and an electric motor. One embodiment for a rotor assembly includes a first rotor including a first interface surface and a second rotor including a second interface surface corresponding to the first interface surface. Also, the first rotor is positioned with the first interface surface in direct physical contact with the second interface surface of the second rotor.

Abstract: A method of pumping wellbore fluid, comprising the steps of: installing an electric submersible pump in a wellbore; and operating the pump at more than 4,500 rpm to pump the wellbore fluid. Pumping in this manner provides a number of advantages in use in that the required high-speed motor and pump is shorter for a given power than existing arrangements, and provides increased reliability due to reduced complexity. A much shorter motor/pump combination also allows such equipment to be used in deviated boreholes with a reduction in damage due to mishandling and bending, as well as facilitating assembly and testing in the manufacturer's plant.

Abstract: A magnetic gap is provided between a permanent magnet of a rotor and an auxiliary magnet pole portion which is arranged adjacent to the permanent magnet in a peripheral direction. A gradual change in a magnetic flux density distribution of a surface of the rotor is obtained and a cogging torque and a torque pulsation are restrained. By obtaining a reluctance torque according to the auxiliary magnetic pole, a permanent magnet electric rotating machine in which the cogging torque and the torque pulsation are restrained can be obtained and further an electromotive vehicle having the permanent magnet electric rotating machine can be provided.

Abstract: A rotating electric machine comprises a stator having stator salient poles, three-phases windings would around said stator salient poles, a rotor rotatable held inside the said stator, and permanent magnets inserted into said rotor and positioned opposite to said stator salient poles. The three-phase windings are concentratively wound around each of the stator salient poles, with windings of each phase wound around at more than one stator salient pole. The windings of each phase have a phase difference of voltage between at least one of the windings and the other.

Abstract: The motor includes a cylindrical rotor core, a plurality of magnets axially penetrated in the rotor core, a pair of separation-preventing plates installed at both ends of the rotor core, and at least one fixing member to fix the separation-preventing plates to the rotor core. The fixing member includes a rod portion extending in an axial direction of the rotor core to be disposed on an outer circumferential surface of the rotor core, and supporting portions bent from both ends of the rod portion and used to support the separation-preventing plates. The separation-preventing plates can be fixed to the rotor core by the fixing member disposed on the outer circumferential surface of the rotor core. The fixing member has no risk of hindering the flow of magnetic flux generated from the magnets, resulting in an improvement in the performance of the motor.

Abstract: In a terminal of an electric motor, a branch projects from a terminal connection on a side opposite from an extension. A projecting end side of the branch extends in an installation direction of the terminal, which is a direction for installing the terminal to a housing. The terminal is tiltable about a portion of the extension, which serves as a fulcrum, to cause abutment of the branch against a wall surface of the housing when the terminal connection receives a force in a direction opposite from the installation direction.

Abstract: Devices and methods are provided for a lead frame, stator, and electric motor. One embodiment for a lead frame includes two or more control tracks for connection to a stator winding. The lead frame also includes a Hall-effect sensor coupled to two or more signal tracks for sensing a magnetic field and for providing electric signals to a control circuit and a capacitor coupled to the two or more signal tracks for dampening the electric signal provided by the Hall-effect sensor. The lead frame can also include a removable support for maintaining a predetermined distance between the two or more control tracks and the two or more signal tracks.

Abstract: A rotor assembly comprising: an inner rotor and an outer rotor for rotating in a magnetic field of a motor, the inner rotor comprising a main inner rotor cavity, and a plurality of first holes being formed between the inner rotor and the outer rotor; two side boards, each side board having a main side board cavity, and being perforated by a plurality of second holes; two damping elements each damping element comprising a main damping element cavity; a plurality of rubber sleeves, each rubber sleeve having a rubber sleeve lip; and a plurality of third holes; an axle; and a plurality of positioning pins.

Abstract: A method of providing an outside rotor electric machine having a reduced radial air gap variation across an axial length of the air gap, the machine including a rotor having a cylindrical elongated portion supporting magnets and a flange extending at least partially radially from a rotating shaft, the method comprising increasing a radial deflection of the elongated portion in proximity of the flange by connecting the elongated portion to the flange through a radial spring having a stiffness lower than that of the elongated portion.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus are provided for fabricating and constructing solid dielectric “Coiled Transmission Line” pulse generators in radial or axial coiled geometries. The pour and cure fabrication process enables a wide variety of geometries and form factors. The volume between the conductors is filled with liquid blends of polymers and dielectric powders; and then cured to form high field strength and high dielectric constant solid dielectric transmission lines that intrinsically produce ideal rectangular high voltage pulses. Voltage levels may be increased by Marx and/or Blumlein principles incorporating spark gap or, preferentially, solid state switches (such as optically triggered thyristors) which produce reliable, high repetition rate operation. Moreover, these pulse generators can be DC charged and do not require additional pulse forming circuitry, pulse forming lines, transformers, or an output switch.

Abstract: An electroactive polymer actuator and a method for manufacturing the electroactive polymer actuator are provided. The electroactive polymer actuator includes an actuator unit which is a laminate of a plurality of deformation layers; and a support layer which supports the actuator unit so that the actuator unit provides displacement corresponding to a voltage if the voltage is applied to the actuator unit. Therefore, it is possible to provide an electroactive polymer actuator suitable for a compact mobile device with a low driving voltage.

Abstract: Electric thrusters for generating thrust using a high voltage power supply and insulated and uninsulated electrodes. The electrodes are connected to opposite poles of a high voltage power supply. In one aspect, an electric thruster comprises a high voltage power supply, a first uninsulated electrode having pointed features, a second electrode within an insulating structure but not in contact with the insulating structure, with the electrodes connected to opposite poles of the high voltage power supply, thereby generating a thrust. The apparatus is configured to maintain a distance between the electrodes. In another aspect, a first set of one insulated and one uninsulated electrode are connected to a first pole of a high voltage power supply, and a second set of one insulated and one uninsulated electrodes are connected to a second pole of the power supply. The electrodes are enclosed in a hermetic enclosure and generate a thrust.

Abstract: According to the present invention, a stable operation of an actuator is realized. An actuator 1 according to the present invention includes: a movable section 5; a stationary section 10 for supporting the movable section 5; driving electrode portions 8 and 9 for driving the movable section 5; and a repulsion generation section 6 for generating a repulsion acting between the movable section 5 and the stationary section 10. The repulsion generation section 6 is provided at a position of the stationary section 10 opposing the movable section 5. At least a portion of the repulsion generation section 6 opposes an end of the movable section 5 that is located closer to the movable comb electrodes 9 than to hinges 7. By applying the same driving voltage to the movable section 5 and the repulsion generation section 6, a repulsion is generated. The repulsion acts in a direction of suppressing a rotation of the movable section 5 around an axis which is perpendicular to the planar direction of the movable section 5.

Abstract: A piezoelectric vibration element is provided which includes a piezoelectric substrate formed of a thickness slip based piezoelectric material and a metal layer formed on a surface of the piezoelectric substrate. In the piezoelectric vibration element, a surface of the metal layer is covered by a layer formed by chemical absorption with a material having a nonbonding electron pair.

Abstract: The electronic apparatus comprises a display portion and a quartz crystal oscillator at least, and said electronic apparatus comprises at least one quartz crystal oscillator. Also, the at least one oscillator comprises a quartz crystal oscillating circuit comprising an amplification circuit and a feedback circuit. The feedback circuit is constructed by a flexural mode, quartz crystal tuning fork resonator or a length-extensional mode quartz crystal resonator and for example, the quartz crystal tuning fork resonator comprising tuning fork tines and tuning fork base that are formed integrally, is shown with novel shape and electrode construction. Also, the quartz crystal tuning fork resonator, capable of vibrating in a fundamental mode and having a high frequency stability can be provided with a small series resistance and a high quality factor, even when the tuning fork resonator is miniaturized.

Abstract: A vibrator module includes a frame having an outer frame and an inner frame. A vibrator unit is formed inside the inner frame. The frame and the vibrator unit are formed of a piezoelectric ceramic or the like as one piece. On one side of the vibrator unit, an IC is mounted so that a hollow portion is provided between the vibrator unit and the IC. The periphery of the IC is filled with a resin material. On the other side of the vibrator unit, a top cover serving as a sealing material is mounted so that a hollow portion is provided between the vibrator unit and the top cover.

Abstract: An electrical passivation of surfaces of an electronic component which have electrodes is intended to be carried out in simple and effective fashion and also to be stable in chemically and thermally unfavourable environments. For the passivation, a plastic film, for example made of epoxy, is laminated onto the surface. Applications are in fuel injection systems, for example.

Abstract: A resonant actuator includes a driving unit having a displacement element that vibrates at a resonance frequency or in a frequency range in the vicinity of a resonance frequency and having a driven member that is driven by the displacement element, in which the displacement element has a piezoelectric ceramic body made of a bismuth layered compound. The displacement direction of the displacement element is preferably substantially the same as the direction of polarization of the piezoelectric ceramic body. The bismuth layered compound is preferably oriented such that the direction of the c crystallographic axis is substantially perpendicular to the direction of polarization of the piezoelectric ceramic body. More preferably, the degree of c-axis orientation is determined to be at least about 75% by the Lotgering method.

Abstract: To provide a vibration actuator, a lens barrel, a camera, a manufacturing method for a vibration body and a manufacturing method for a vibration actuator, which have a high driving efficiency and can lead to easy manufacture. A vibration actuator of the present invention is provided with an elastic body and an electromechanical transducer element sintered onto the elastic body in the state that the element is divided into a plurality of areas by a groove-shaped border portion.

Abstract: A piezoelectric ceramic whose resonance frequency temperature characteristic can be easily adjusted is provided. It contains first and second parts (11 and 12) which can be alternately stacked layers. The first and second parts (11 and 12) are each composed of a compound having a bismuth layer structure, such as a complex oxide containing at least Sr, Bi, and Nb, and have degrees of c-axis orientation different from each other. Since the resonance frequency temperature characteristics change according to the degree of orientation, the first and second parts (11 and 12) having different degrees of orientation are appropriately combined so that the resonance frequency temperature characteristics of the piezoelectric ceramic (2) as a whole is easily adjusted.