Abstract: The invention encompasses the synthesis of (S)-(+)-3-(aminomethyl)-5-methylhexanoic acid, (S)-Pregabalin, via the intermediate, (3R)-5-methyl-3-(2-oxo-2{[(1R)-1-phenylethyl]amino}ethyl)hexanoic acid.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for the production of pyruvic acid, in particular pyruvic acid that is 13C-enriched at the C1-atom, i.e. 13C1-pyruvic acid.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel process for the industrial manufacture of substituted 7-allyl-6-hydroxy-indanes of formula (I) wherein R is a straight or branched (C1-C6)alkyl group and X is a halogen and enantiomers thereof.

Abstract: Peptidomimetic compositions for selective inhibition of neuronal nitric oxide synthase.

Abstract: A process for the resolution of isomeric tramadol mixtures comprising: providing a purification stock comprising both cis and trans tramadol; contacting the purification stock with an acid under conditions effective to form an acid salt of the cis and trans tramadol in the purification stock; and separating the cis tramadol acid salt from the trans tramadol to obtain a purified cis tramadol acid salt; and optionally converting the cis tramadol acid salt to cis tramadol or to a pharmaceutically active salt thereof.

Abstract: Disclosed are compounds capable of facilitating transport of biologically active agents or substances into cells having the general structure: wherein Q is selected from the group consisting of N, O and S; L is any bivalent organic radical capable of linking each Q, such as C, CH, (CH2)I, or {(CH2)i-Y—(CH2)j}k, wherein Y is selected from the group consisting of CH2, an ether, a polyether, an amide, a polyamide, an ester, a sulfide, a urea, a thiourea, a guanidyl, a carbamoyl, a carbonate, a phosphate, a sulfate, a sulfoxide, an imine, a carbonyl, and a secondary amino group and wherein Y is optionally substituted by —X1-L?-X2-Z or -Z; R1-R6, independently of one another, are selected from the group consisting of H, —(CH2)p-D-Z, an alkyl, an alkenyl, an aryl, and an alkyl or alkyl ether optionally substituted by one or more of an alcohol, an aminoalcohol, an amine, an amide, an ether, a polyether, a polyamide, an ester, a mercaptan, an alkylthio, a urea, a thiourea, a guanidyl, or a carbamoyl group, and w

Abstract: A composition comprising a compound of formula (I) or (II): wherein r and q are independently integers of 1 to 3; Rf is linear or branched chain perfluoroalkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms; j is an integer 0 or 1, or a mixture thereof, x is 1 or 2, Z is —O— or —S—, X is hydrogen or M, and M is an ammonium ion, an alkali metal ion, or an alkanolammonium ion is disclosed.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of bis-acylphosphanes of formula R1P(COR2)2 wherein R1 is unsubstituted phenyl or phenyl substituted by one to five halogen, C1-C8-alkyl, C1-C8-alkylthio and/or C1-C8-alkoxy; R2 is C1-C18-alkyl or C2-C18-alkenyl; C1-C18-alkyl or C2-C18-alkenyl substituted once or more than once by halogen —OR10, —OCO—R10, —OCO-Hal, —COO—R10, —N(R11)—CO—R10, —N(R11)—CO-Hal, —CO—NR11R10, —CH?CH—CO—OR10 or —CH?CH-phenyl; —C(C1-C4alkyl)=C(C1-C4alkyl)-CO—OR10 or —C(C1-C4alkyl)=C(C1-C4alkyl)-phenyl; C5-C12cycloalkyl, C2-C18alkenyl, phenyl-C1-C4alkenyl, phenyl, naphthyl, biphenyl or a 5- or 6-membered —O—, S— or N-containing heterocyclic ring, the radicals phenyl, naphthyl, biphenyl or the 5- or 6-membered -0-, S— or N-containing heterocyclic ring being unsubstituted or substituted by one to five halogen, C1-C8alkyl, C1-C8alkoxy and/or C1-C8alkylthio; the process comprises the steps in a) selective reduction of dichlorophenylphosphanes of the formula R1P(CI)2 by means of hydrogen at a temperature in the

Abstract: The present invention relates to a cyclohexanone derivative of formula in the form of any one of its isomers or mixture thereof. The invention concerns also the preparation and the use of this derivative. The compounds of the invention are useful starting materials for the preparation of various optically active compounds.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel aldolase-inhibiting compounds that can be advantageously used as medicaments (in therapeutic doses), especially for treating certain cancers, due to the inhibition efficacy thereof. An inventive compound corresponds to general formula (I) wherein the aldehyde group (—CHO) and the phenol group (—OH) are linked to two carbon atoms adjacent to the same aromatic chain, i.e., the first aromatic chain, and R is a phosphate group or a phosphate group mimetic linked to a carbon atom of the second aromatic chain.

Abstract: The novel intermediate compound which can be efficiently utilized in the synthesis of carotenoid compounds based on the sulfone chemistry, the preparation method of the same, and the practical synthetic process for preparing ?-carotene by the use of the above novel compound are disclosed. The synthesis of ?-carotene is characterized by the double elimination reactions of the C40 compound containing both the benzenesulfonyl group and the group X (either halogen or ether), which can be prepared by the coupling reaction of the novel C10 dialdehyde with two equivalents of the C15 allylic sulfone, followed by the functional group transformation of the resulting C40 diol either to the corresponding halide or to the ether, to produce the fully conjugated polyene chain.

Abstract: The present invention relates to polyethers which are obtainable from 1 -butene oxide and an alcohol using a double metal cyanide compound as a catalyst and have a content of unsaturated components of 6 mol% or more, to a process for preparing such a polyether and also to the use of a polyether according to the invention as a carrier oil or in a carrier oil formulation, in particular in additive packages for gasoline fuels, and furthermore also to carrier oil formulations and also to fuels comprising a polyether according to the invention.

Abstract: Provided is an adamantane derivative represented by Formula (I) or (II): wherein X represents a halogen atom; Y represents an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a halogenated alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a halogen atom or a hetero atom-containing group; R1 to R4 represent independently hydrogen, a halogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms or a halogenated alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms; m represents an integer of 0 to 15, and n represents an integer of 0 to 10; and excluded is a case where in Formula (I), m and n are 0 at the same time and R3 and R4 are a hydrogen atom at the same time. Capable of being provided is a novel adamantane derivative which is useful as a modifying agent for a resin for a photoresist and a dry etching resistance-improving agent in the photolithography field, agricultural and medical intermediates and other various industrial products.

Abstract: This invention is directed to a reactor and process for producing methanol. The reactor includes utilizes a plurality of beds of methanol synthesis catalyst in series to form methanol product from synthesis gas (syngas). A liquid layer continuously flows across the top of each catalyst bed, with one or more conduits (e.g., downcomers) that collect the flowing liquid and flow the collected liquid by gravity down to the next bed of catalyst in series. The downcomers are sealed so that vapor does not pass upwardly through the downcomers.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for removing and recovering nitrating acid mixtures, in particular nitric acid, sulphuric acid and oxides of nitrogen, from the nitrated crude products occurring in the nitration of nitratable aromatic compounds after the nitrating acid has been separated off, by acidic scrubbing by means of a multistage extraction process, the extraction process comprising a cross-current extraction with downstream countercurrent extraction. The process permits essentially complete recovery of the abovementioned acids, including the oxides of nitrogen, in high concentrations, so that they can be recycled to the nitration and no longer pollute the wastewater.

Abstract: Described are compositions adapted to catalyze the vapor phase dehydrohalogenation of 1,1,2-trihaloethane to 1,1-dihaloethylene, e.g., 1,1,2-trichloroethane to vinylidene chloride. These materials include activated carbon and at least one benzimidazole-containing material defined herein as including benzimidazole, a derivative thereof, a salt thereof or mixtures thereof. Also described are methods for producing and using these catalytic compositions.

Abstract: Provided are methods for producing hydrofluorocarbons via the selective reduction of a halocarbon blend comprising 1,3-dichloro-1,1,2,2,3-pentafluoropropane.

Abstract: The natural gas arriving through pipe 1 is deacidified by being brought into contact with a solvent in column C2. The solvent charged with acid compounds is regenerated in zone R. The purified gas evacuated by pipe 9 includes some of the solvent. The method enables the solvent contained in the purified gas to be extracted. In zone ZA, the purified gas is brought into contact with a non-aqueous ionic liquid whose general formula is Q+ A?, where Q+ designates an ammonium, phosphonium, and/or sulfonium cation, and A? designates an anion able to form a liquid salt. The solvent-impoverished purified gas is evacuated through pipe 17. The ionic liquid charged with solvent is regenerated by heating in an evaporator DE. The solvents separated from the ionic liquid in evaporator DE are recycled.

Abstract: A method of the invention is provided for making a wound dressing including an absorbent core having proximal and distal surfaces, and a liquid impervious, vapor permeable backing layer extending over the distal surface of the absorbent core. The backing layer has a portion defining a compliant element disassociated and outwardly extending from the distal surface of the absorbent core. The method includes the steps of securing a border portion of the backing layer to a border portion of the absorbent core located near the periphery thereof, connecting a central portion of the backing layer to a central portion of the absorbent core, and forming the compliant element by drawing a portion of the backing layer away from the absorbent core.

Abstract: The present invention describes a method of increasing plan yield. Also described are DNA constructs comprising DNA sequences coding for proteins involved in sucrose transport, metabolism and uptake operably linked to controllable promoter regions and plants transformed with said constructs. More particularly a method for the controlled production of said proteins resulting in an alteration in plant growth characteristics, flowering time and in yield is described.

Abstract: A highly efficient in-vitro system of micropropagation of rose scented Geranium, Pelargonium graveolens L. Herit by a direct regeneration method to produce a large number of viable true to the type plants maintaining the genotype of an elite mother plant is provided. The process involves inoculating nodal explants on shoot regeneration and multiplication medium, transferring the multiple shots for further growth on medium for shoot growth, further transferring the shoot with sufficient growth to medium for rooting. The present invention also provides a process for the primary and secondary hardening of the in vitro generated plants with the efficient root regeneration system, which is hardened to give about 95% survival in the field conditions. The multiplication ratio achieved by the process is of the order of 1:12-1:20, resulting in significantly low cost of production in relatively lesser time.

Abstract: According to the invention, there is provided a novel soybean variety designated XB23L07. This invention thus relates to the seeds of soybean variety XB23L07, to the plants of soybean XB23L07 to plant parts of soybean variety XB23L07 and to methods for producing a soybean plant produced by crossing plants of the soybean variety XB23L07 with another soybean plant, using XB23L07 as either the male or the female parent.

Abstract: According to the invention, there is provided a novel soybean variety designated XB26X07. This invention thus relates to the seeds of soybean variety XB26X07, to the plants of soybean XB26X07 to plant parts of soybean variety XB26X07 and to methods for producing a soybean plant produced by crossing plants of the soybean variety XB26X07 with another soybean plant, using XB26X07 as either the male or the female parent.

Abstract: The present invention is in the field of soybean variety S06-WW104024 breeding and development. The present invention particularly relates to the soybean variety S06-WW104024 and its progeny, and methods of making S06-WW104024.

Abstract: According to the invention, there is provided seed and plants of the hybrid corn variety designated CH645346. The invention thus relates to the plants, seeds and tissue cultures of the variety CH645346, and to methods for producing a corn plant produced by crossing a corn plant of variety CH645346 with itself or with another corn plant, such as a plant of another variety. The invention further relates to genetic complements of plants of variety CH645346.

Abstract: Broadly this invention provides an invention which is an inbred corn line G1105. The methods for producing a corn plant by crossing the inbred line G1105 are also encompassed by the invention. Additionally, the invention relates to the various parts of inbred G1105 including culturable cells. This invention relates to hybrid corn seeds and plants produced by crossing the inbred line G1105 with at least one other corn line.

Abstract: A novel inbred maize line designated PH8JV and seed, plants and plant parts thereof. Methods for producing a maize plant that comprise crossing inbred maize line PH8JV with another maize plant. Methods for producing a maize plant containing in its genetic material one or more traits introgressed into PH8JV through backcross conversion and/or transformation, and to the maize seed, plant and plant part produced thereby. Hybrid maize seed, plant or plant part produced by crossing the inbred line PH8JV or a trait conversion of PH8JV with another maize line. Inbred maize lines derived from inbred maize line PH8JV, methods for producing other inbred maize lines derived from inbred maize line PH8JV and the inbred maize lines and their parts derived by the use of those methods.

Abstract: According to the invention, there is provided seed and plants of the corn variety designated LH382. The invention thus relates to the plants, seeds and tissue cultures of the variety LH382, and to methods for producing a corn plant produced by crossing a corn plant of variety LH382 with itself or with another corn plant, such as a plant of another variety. The invention further relates to corn seeds and plants produced by crossing plants of variety LH382 with plants of another variety, such as another inbred line. The invention further relates to the inbred and hybrid genetic complements of plants of variety LH382.

Abstract: Self-assembly of nanoparticles at the interface between two fluids, and methods to control such self-assembly process, e.g., the surface density of particles assembling at the interface; to utilize the assembled nanoparticles and their ligands in fabrication of capsules, where the elastic properties of the capsules can be varied from soft to tough; to develop capsules with well-defined porosities for ultimate use as delivery systems; and to develop chemistries whereby multiple ligands or ligands with multiple functionalities can be attached to the nanoparticles to promote the interfacial segregation and assembly of the nanoparticles. Certain embodiments use cadmium selenide (CdSe) nanoparticles, since the photoluminescence of the particles provides a convenient means by which the spatial location and organization of the particles can be probed. However, the systems and methodologies presented here are general and can, with suitable modification of the chemistries, be adapted to any type of nanoparticle.

Abstract: A stringed musical instrument is provided with a tremolo with a unitary base plate formed from a single folded or bent plate including a spring attachment means portion so that the tremolo is connected directly to the biasing springs; such a folded construction also includes multiple tiers stamped into the base plate portion for displacing the height of the second critical point on the intonation modules relative to the body of the instrument; the spring attachment means portion is fashioned such that the openings for anchoring the ends of the strings are aligned to openings in the base plate for threading the strings through the intonation modules.

Abstract: The present invention is addressed to a cradle for a musical instrument, which consists of a support having a figure-8 configuration including a pair of loops adapted to support the musical instrument without the use of any fastening device. The cradle also consists of a strap having a pair of ends, each of which is connected to a loop of the support. A buckle may be provided to adjust the length of the strap. In use, a musical instrument is positioned in the inventive cradle with the loops supporting the instrument. The strap is secured about a user so that the musical instrument is supported in a substantially horizontal position by the loops. Thereafter, the instrument is removed by lifted the instrument from the support.

Abstract: A foldable guitar holder has a stationary shaft, a central shaft assembly and two symmetrical brackets. The stationary shaft has an upper end and a lower end. The central shaft has a central shaft and two assistant shafts. The central shaft has a standing portion and a longitudinal hole receiving the lower end of the stationary shaft. The assistant shafts connect pivotally to the central shaft and have two standing ends. The brackets have two supporting shafts and two holding brackets. Each supporting shaft connects pivotally to the lower end of the stationary shaft and one of the assistant shafts and has a standing part. Each holding bracket connects pivotally to the upper end of the stationary bracket. The standing portion, standing ends and standing parts allow the guitar bracket to stand on the ground steadily.

Abstract: Mouthpieces for use with single reed musical instruments are disclosed, including a main body with a tip at one end and a shank for attachment to the musical instrument at the other. The end of the main body including the tip has a closed side and a substantially flat side with a window surrounded by a table for placement of a reed thereon. The space between the closed side and the reed includes a tone chamber whose dimensions are defined by the golden ratio.

Abstract: A percussion instrument, such as a shaker, has a first disc-shaped member having an outer annular flange defining a first outer perimeter and a second disc-shaped member defining a second outer perimeter different than the first outer perimeter. The first and second disc-shaped members are directly interconnected to form a cavity therebetween. A plurality of sound producing particles is disposed within said cavity defined by the first and second disc-shaped members. The instrument also includes a mounting system for mounting to a vehicle such as a tambourine, hi-hat, cymbal etc. for causing movement of the shaker instrument.

Abstract: A percussion instrument muting apparatus that dampens the volume or tone from a drum. The apparatus is mounted within a drum, and the muting level can be adjusted with a tube that extends from the muting assembly out an existing breather hole, and to an adjustment bulb. The muting assembly is an expandable or inflatable bladder that makes contact with a portion of the drumhead or drum skin when the drum is played.

Abstract: An electronic percussion instrument pedal device uses a spring structure in a space between a bottom structure and a foot pedal board structure to regulate the movement of the foot pedal board structure. Even when the foot pedal board structure is not being moved, it is regulated by the above mentioned spring structure into a proper near horizontal position. If the foot board is stepped on, the coil spring will stretch and a load (stability) will become strong. As a result, when the foot board is in a position near the position in which it is not stepped on, the load is initially relatively light and then becomes heavier as the user continues to further step on the foot board. This is approximated to the action of an acoustic bass drum, and a good actuation feeling.

Abstract: A structure for playing MIDI messages including a main-control element, a buffer memory, a MIDI synthesizer, and a pre-processor is provided. The main-control element receives tone colors and the MIDI messages, and loads at least part of the tone colors to the buffer memory. The main-control element transmits the MIDI messages to the pre-processor. The pre-processor coupled to the main-control element and the buffer memory, is used for analyzing the MIDI messages. In addition, the pre-processor dynamically determines at least part of the tone colors to be saved in the buffer memory based on the capacity of the buffer memory.

Abstract: A method and system is disclosed for generating one or more predetermined waveforms from one or more contiguous segments of at least one prototype waveform stored in one or more memory tables, the method and system comprising iterations of following sample processing steps: reading at least one sample of the stored prototype waveform at a predetermined address, modifying the sample according to a predetermined logic, and accumulating the modified sample, wherein through a predetermined number of iterations of above steps, a cycle of a new waveform is formed by the accumulated modified samples.

Abstract: An interactive voice response method and system comprising a VoiceXML browser for processing an interaction with a user. A music score (for example a MIDI file) describing background music for playing during the interaction, and a music synthesizer for generating background music from the music score and from acoustic parameters are included. Acoustic parameters are generated whereby the music synthesizer may be controlled independently of the music score to change the audio environment during an interaction.

Abstract: An electronic stringed instrument is provided where the value of a pitch that has been currently detected and the value of a pitch that has been stored are compared. A determination is made as to whether or not the pitch has dropped roughly a half tone. In those cases where the currently detected pitch has dropped roughly a half tone from the pitch detected a specified period earlier, a tone generator begins the attenuation of a musical tone that is generated and the note height of the musical tone is controlled so that the note height does not change.

Abstract: Flow velocity sensor and a length sensor are provided on or near an edge of the lip plate which the air jet from the embouchure hole impinges against. Jet flow velocity Ue at the edge and a jet-blowout-outlet-to-edge distance d are detected by the sensors. Jet transfer time ?e is calculated by an equation of ?e=d/Ue, and a jet traveling angle ?e? is calculated by an equation of ?e?=2?fso1×?e (where fso1 represents a frequency of a tone to be generated). When ?e? has decreased to ?/2 during tone generation in a primary mode, the mode changes to a secondary mode to raise the pitch of the currently generated tone by one octave. When ?e? has increased to 3?/4 during tone generation in the secondary mode, the mode changes to the primary mode to lower the pitch of the currently generated tone by one octave.

Abstract: A scale information inputting section receives an input of scale information of a musical composition. Based on the scale information of the musical composition inputted to the scale information inputting section, an appearance probability calculating section calculates appearance probabilities of pitch names included in the scale information for each of the pitch names. A template storing section stores 24 types of previously created templates respectively corresponding to 24 types of keys. Based on an appearance probability distribution of the musical composition calculated by the appearance probability calculating section and each of the templates stored in the template storing section, a load ratio calculating section calculates load ratios respectively corresponding to the templates.

Abstract: Electronic music apparatus includes: a tone generator section for generating a tone signal in response to operation of a performance operator unit; an external input section for receiving a tone signal from the outside; a mixer section for generating mixed tone signals by mixing the tone signal generated by the tone generator section and the tone signal received via the external input section; an external output section for outputting the tone signal, generated by the tone generator section, to the outside before that tone signal is mixed with the tone signal received via the external input section; and an audio output section for audibly outputting the mixed tone signals from the mixer section. Because the tone signal received via the external input section is not fed to the external output section, no unwanted howl is produced even where a plurality of the electronic music apparatus are connected together.

Abstract: Rendition style parameters for realizing various release rendition styles and/or attack rendition styles are stored in a memory. Operation-related time lengths are detected which pertain to turning-on and/or turning-off operation of a pedal operator. Any one of the release rendition style parameters is selected from the memory on the basis of the detected operation-related time length, and the release of a tone is controlled with a characteristic of the selected rendition style parameter. Alternatively, any one of the release or attack rendition style parameters is selected from the memory on the basis of a velocity of the turning-on and/or turning-off operation of the pedal operator detected operation-related time length, and the release or attack of a tone is controlled with a characteristic of the selected rendition style parameter.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for reproducing MIDI (music instrument digital interface) music based on synchronization information are provided. MIDI performance information is detected from a musical score and/or MIDI data. Synchronization information, which contains real performance onset time information on an onset time at which each of all notes included in the MIDI performance information is estimated to be performed, is generated from the MIDI performance information or a predetermined synchronization information file. MIDI music is reproduced based on a real MIDI performance table, which is generated by matching the MIDI performance information and the synchronization information. Accordingly, even if musical trainees do not have real performance sound played by a desired player, they can reproduce and listen to the player's performing music with only a small amount of score information and synchronization information.

Abstract: A rigid nonmetallic electrical conduit fitting to provide the means to attach a rigid nonmetallic conduit to the top of a raintight enclosure were by maintaining the raintight integrity of the enclosure.

Abstract: To assist in searching, the following abstract includes a receptacle system used to keep a receptacle cap secure through use of an enhanced retaining strap with its associated wall plate when the receptacle cap is unscrewed. The enhanced retaining strap is a separate individual component and is separably coupled to the rest of the receptacle system so that if it is pulled with sufficient force, the strap will break free from the rest of the receptacle system before associated members such as gaskets are damaged or loosened.

Abstract: A cable support assembly for routing electrical, communication, or data cables throughout a building. The cable support assembly includes cable trays and brackets for securing the cable trays to a vertical surface. Tray couplers are provided for coupling trays together. The brackets include an L-shaped support member and a hinge arm pivotally attached to the support member. The hinge arm portion of the bracket may be rotated downwards for loading of a cable tray therein and then rotated upwards and latched to the base members to lock the cable tray in place. Ninety-degree bend and T-shaped cable tray sections are also provided. Adjacent cable tray sections may be joined with couplers to create a cable raceway or support assembly in which the cable tray provides support for any electrical, communication, or data cables installed therein.

Abstract: A polyphase bus bar mounting structure mounted to a support structure is disclosed. The support structure may comprise any of a rack, wall or a segment of a wind turbine tower. The polyphase bus bar mounting structure has a plurality of cylindrical tubular conductors arranged substantially parallel to each other. Each of the tubular conductors has first and second opposing end portions adapted for connection with conductors of other polyphase bus bar mounting structures. Insulation surrounds each of the tubular conductor. The bus bar mounting structure has first and second connectors. The first connector fixedly mounts the cylindrical tubular conductors adjacent the first end portions thereof to the support structure. The second connector flexibly mounts the cylindrical tubular conductors adjacent the second end portions thereof to the support structure.

Abstract: A power module for an electrical busway is provided. The power module has a holder with an aperture provided therein and a number of posts provided thereon. A plug-in adapter is received within the aperture of the holder. The plug-in adapter has a number of electrical contacts that are structured to engage the electrical busway. A number of connection mechanisms are coupled to at least one of the number of posts. The connection mechanisms are structured to engage a base plate. A cover plate is provided with the holder and the connection mechanisms coupled thereto. The base plate and the cover plate define a power channel with the plug-in adapter and the connection mechanisms located within the power channel. A power module in combination with an electrical busway coupled to a base plate that is structured to be directly attached to a mounting surface is also provided.