Abstract: In the preparation of phosphonatosilanes by reaction of organophosphites with halocarbon-functional silanes, the safety of the reaction is markedly increased while increasing space/time yield by continuously or periodically withdrawing reaction mixture, freeing the withdrawn mixture of phosphonatosilane product, and recycling the product-depleted remainder back to the reaction. Operation at temperatures of 100° C. or lower is made possible by this process.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of 3-chloropropyldimethylchlorosilane by hydrosilylation reaction in a reaction medium comprising dimethylhydrochlorosilane and allyl chloride, in the presence of a catalytically effective amount of di-?-chlorobis(?-1,5-cyclooctadiene)diiridium, the said process being characterized in that at least one auxiliary in the free or supported state selected from the group of compounds consisting of: (i) ketones, (ii) ethers, (iii) quinones, (iv) anhydrides, (v) unsaturated hydrocarbon compounds (UHC) having an aromatic nature and/or comprising at least one C?C double bond and/or at least one C?C triple bond, it being possible for these unsaturated bonds to be conjugated or nonconjugated, the said UHCs being linear or cyclic (mono- or polycyclic), having from 4 to 30 carbon atoms, having from 1 to 8 ethylenic and/or acetylenic unsaturations and optionally comprising one or more heteroatoms, (vi) and their mixtures, is added to the reaction medium, wi

Abstract: Provided are processes for the purification of a pure rosuvastatin intermediate by thin film evaporation and chemical method, and conversion of the intermediate to rosuvastatin or salts thereof.

Abstract: A synthesis and purification of felbamate, an anticonvulsant, are provided. The product of the synthesis and purification is with high untapped and tapped bulk densities, which increase ease of handling and suitability for use in pharmaceutical formulations. The felbamate may be incorporated into pharmaceutical compositions that can be administered orally for treatment of epilepsy.

Abstract: UV absorbing monomers that are particularly useful in ophthalmic devices are disclosed.

Abstract: A method for making a polyether monomer having at least one unsaturated site per molecule and having a desired number of alkoxyl repeating units includes the steps of reacting an active hydrogen-containing monomer having at least one unsaturated site per molecule with an alkyl oxide in the presence of an alkoxylation catalyst and a polymerization inhibitor at a temperature from about 30° C. to less than 45° C. to produce a polyether monomer. In one embodiment, from about 5 to about 1000 parts by weight of a phenothiazine polymerization inhibitor per one million parts by weight of the active hydrogen-containing monomer phenothiazine compound is used as the polymerization inhibitor.

Abstract: A process for the chemical recycling of post consumption polyethylene terephthalate which includes the steps of performing the depolymerization of polyethylene terephthalate based upon a hydrolysis reaction which causes a rupture in of the ester bonds formed between the polymer precursors of terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol at the time of polymerization to recover terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol. The advantages of the present process are the working conditions at low to moderate pressure, at temperatures of 215 to 450° C., allowing the process to reach the energy level required to achieve the desired polyethylene terephthalate hydrolysis and simultaneously promoting the separation and purification of the terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol formed in this hydrolysis reaction.

Abstract: A process is provided for producing an enriched carboxylic acid compositions produced by contacting composition comprising a carboxylic acid with an enrichment feed in an enrichment zone to form an enriched carboxylic acid composition. This invention also relates to a process and the resulting compositions for removing catalyst from a carboxylic acid composition to produce a post catalyst removal composition.

Abstract: Disclosed is an optimized process and apparatus for more efficiently and economically carrying out the liquid-phase oxidation of an oxidizable compound. Such liquid-phase oxidation is carried out in a bubble column reactor that provides for a highly efficient reaction at relatively low temperatures. When the oxidized compound is para-xylene and the product from the oxidation reaction is crude terephthalic acid (CTA), such CTA product can be purified and separated by more economical techniques than could be employed if the CTA were formed by a conventional high-temperature oxidation process.

Abstract: A process is provided for producing an enriched carboxylic acid compositions produced by contacting composition comprising a carboxylic acid with an enrichment feed in an enrichment zone to form an enriched carboxylic acid composition. This invention also relates to a process and the resulting compositions for removing catalyst from a carboxylic acid composition to produce a post catalyst removal composition.

Abstract: A compound represented by the following general formula (I) or a salt thereof, or a hydrate thereof or a solvate thereof having an inhibitory action against plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1): wherein R1 represents a C6-10 aryl group; or a C6-10 aryl group substituted with a group or groups selected from the group consisting of a halogen atom, cyano group, nitro group, a C1-6 alkyl group, a halogenated C1-6 alkyl group, a C1-6 alkoxy group, a halogenated C1-6 alkoxy group and a C1-6 alkylsulfanyl group, R2 represents a C6-10 aryl group; or a C6-10 aryl group substituted with a group or groups selected from the group consisting of a halogen atom, hydroxy group, a C1-6 alkyl group, a halogenated C1-6 alkyl group, a C1-6 alkoxy group, a halogenated C1-6 alkoxy group, a C1-6 alkylsulfanyl group and phenyl group, X represents a single bond or oxygen atom, Z represents a phenylene group or a substituted phenylene group, m represents 0 or 1.

Abstract: The invention provides a method of gas-phase catalytic oxidation, in particular, a production method of (meth)acrylic acid, which enables stable continuous operation of gas-phase catalytic oxidation over a long term, maintaining high yield and suppressing increase in pressure loss. In the method a fixed bed reactor is used, in which a treating agent for removing organic substance and/or carbides, preferably a treating agent having an adsorption capacity of at least 0.05% by mass, as measured by crotonaldehyde as an indicator of organic substance, is disposed on the upstream side of the gas-phase oxidation catalyst layer in respect of the direction of the gas flow. It is desirable that at least a part of the treating agent is exchanged at a frequency of at least once a year.

Abstract: A process for the production of acetic acid by carbonylating methanol and/or a reactive derivative thereof with carbon monoxide in the presence of a promoted iridium carbonylation catalyst wherein the promoters are boron and gallium.

Abstract: Methanol carbonylation with improved aldehyde removal includes: (a) scrubbing light ends and aldehyde impurity from vent gas with an absorber solvent; (b) stripping absorbed light ends and aldehyde impurity from the absorber solvent to provide a vent-recovered light ends stream; (c) purifying the vent-recovered light ends stream to remove aldehyde impurity; and (d) recycling purified light ends from the vent-recovered light ends stream to the production system.

Abstract: A process for the long-term operation of a heterogeneously catalyzed partial gas phase oxidation of an organic starting compound, in which the reaction gas input mixture is partially oxidized over a fixed catalyst bed which is accommodated in two successive temperature zones A, B whose temperature is changed with increasing operating time such that the initially lower temperature increases and the difference between the two temperatures decreases.

Abstract: The object of the present invention is to provide a catalyst which can produce an ?,?-unsaturated carboxylic acid through liquid-phase oxidation of an olefin or an ?,?-unsaturated aldehyde in good reaction performance, a method for producing the catalyst, and a method for producing an ?,?-unsaturated carboxylic acid by using the catalyst. The present invention resides in a catalyst for producing an ?,?-unsaturated carboxylic acid, wherein a metal is supported on a carrier with a total pore volume of 0.40 to 1.50 cc/g as measured by nitrogen gas adsorption method, or wherein palladium with an average particle diameter in the range of 1 to 8 nm is supported on the carrier.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for production of D- and/or L-methionine via D- and/or L-homoserine with subsequent chemical transformation to give methionine.

Abstract: A mixture containing hydrogen iodide and water and having a water content of not more than 5% by weight (particularly not more than 3% by weight) in a distillation system is distilled to prevent condensation of hydrogen iodide in the distillation system. The mixture may comprise hydrogen iodide, water, methanol, methyl iodide, acetic acid, and methyl acetate. Even when the mixture contains hydrogen iodide at a concentration of 1 to 3000 ppm on the basis of weight, an acetic acid product having a concentration of hydrogen iodide of not more than 50 ppm can be obtained by withdrawing a fraction containing hydrogen iodide from the top of the column, and withdrawing acetic acid as a side-cut stream or a stream from the bottom of the column. Such a process (distillation process) effectively inhibits condensation of hydrogen iodide in the distillation system and corrosion in the distillation system.

Abstract: New N-heterocyclylphthaldiamides of structure (I) in which n, A, Q1, Q2, R1 and X have the meanings given in the description, several methods for the preparation of these substances and their use for the control of pests, as well as new intermediates and methods for their preparation.

Abstract: A process for the production of ene-amide derivatives represented by the formula (I) wherein R1 and R2 and R3 are independently a hydrogen atom, an alkyl, a cycloalkyl, a cycloalkylalkyl, an alkylaryl, an aryl, a heterocycle, a cyano, an alkoxy, an aryloxy, a carboxyl, a carbamoyl, —CONR5R6 (in which R5 and R6 are independently an alkyl, arylalkyl or aryl group said ring being substituted or not with a functional group or with R5) or —COOR5 group (in which R5 is an alkyl, alkylaryl or aryl group), said alkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, alkylaryl and aryl groups being substituted or not with a functional group or with R5; or R1 and R2 taken together, may form a ring (which terms includes mono-, di- and higher polycyclic ring systems); R4 is a hydrogen atom, an alkyl, an aryl, an alkylaryl, said groups are substituted or not with a halogen atom as Cl, Br, or F; X is an oxygen atom or a leaving group and m is an integer 1 or 2; when m is 1 then X is a leaving group; when m is 2 then X is a oxygen atom, whi

Abstract: Disclosed herein is compound having a formula as described herein. Therapeutic methods, compositions, and medicaments related thereto are also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for producing a hydrazone compound represented by the general formula (5): which comprises a step of condensing a hydrazine compound represented by the general formula (3): with a carbonyl compound represented by the general formula (4): without taking the hydrazine compound out of a reactor. According to the invention, the target hydrazone compound can be obtained in high quality and in a high yield without taking the hydrazine compound out of the reactor at all, the hydrazine compound being a reaction intermediate which is structurally unstable and has a fear of influencing safety of workers owing to its toxicity (mutagenicity).

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for preparing substituted anisidines of formula I starting from substituted cyclic hydroxy-ketones II via aromatization through a substituted oxime intermediate IV in which R is C1-C6 alkyl or halogen, and Alk is C1-C6 alkyl. The substituted anisidines of formula I have been found to be useful as intermediates in the preparation of agents for the treatment of hepatitis C viral (HCV) infections.

Abstract: Novel 3-[2-(dimethylamino)methyl-(cyclohex-1-yl)]-phenol maleate compounds corresponding to formula I and processes for preparing these compounds are provided. Pharmaceutical compositions including these compounds and methods of treating or alleviating pain with these compounds are also provided.

Abstract: A beneficial method for the manufacture of amino polyalkylene phosphonic acids, under substantial absence of hydrohalogenic acid, is disclosed. The method, in essence, is based on reacting narrowly defined ratios of phosphorous acid, an amine, a formaldehyde in presence of specific ranges of an acid catalyst having a pKa equal or inferior to 3.1. The inventive method is capable of yielding economically and quality operational/capacity advantages, in particular significantly reduced one-step cycle duration under exclusion, of corrosion disadvantages and also is environmentally friendly without requiring, in that respect, anything more than nominal capital expenditures.

Abstract: A method for producing highly purified fused aromatic ring compounds with high yield by a simpler method. A method for producing a fused aromatic ring compound comprising irradiating the bicyclo compound containing at least one bicyclo ring represented by formula (1) in a molecule with light to detach a leaving group X from a residual part to form an aromatic ring: wherein R1 and R3 each denotes a group to form an aromatic ring or a heteroaromatic ring which may be substituted, together with a group to which each thereof is bonded; R2 and R4 each denotes a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, an ester group or a phenyl group; and X is a leaving group, which denotes a carbonyl group or —N?.

Abstract: Use of a high shear mechanical device incorporated into a process for the production of chloral as a reactor device is capable of decreasing mass transfer limitations, thereby enhancing the chloral production process. A system for the production of chloral from acetaldehyde and chlorine, the system comprising a reactor and an external high shear device the outlet of which is fluidly connected to the inlet of the reactor; the high shear device capable of providing a dispersion of chlorine gas bubbles within a liquid, the bubbles having an average bubble diameter of less than about 100 ?m.

Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to provide a specific industrial separation process that enables an alcohol to be separated out efficiently and stably for a prolonged period of time from a large amount of a low boiling point reaction mixture containing a by-produced alcohol when mass-producing aromatic carbonates on an industrial scale by subjecting a dialkyl carbonate and an aromatic monohydroxy compound to transesterification reaction in a reactive distillation column in which a catalyst is present. Although there have been various proposals regarding processes for the production of aromatic carbonates by means of a reactive distillation method, these have all been on a small scale and short operating time laboratory level, and there have been no disclosures whatsoever on a specific process or apparatus enabling mass production on an industrial scale to be carried out stably for a prolonged period of time.

Abstract: A process for making trans-isocarveol, an intermediate useful in the manufacture of perillyl alcohol, is disclosed. The process comprises isomerizing a mixture comprising cis-limonene oxide (cis-LMO) and trans-limonene oxide (trans-LMO) in the presence of a phenolic modifier and a chromium catalyst. The process is performed at a temperature less than 220° C. to convert more than 50% of the cis-LMO to trans-isocarveol and less than 50% of the trans-LMO to cis-isocarveol. We surprisingly found that a mixture of cis- and trans-LMO can be selectively isomerized to produce mostly trans-isocarveol, which we discovered is the preferred isomer for making perillyl alcohol by direct isomerization.

Abstract: The invention provides methods and apparatus for selectively producing ethanol from syngas. As disclosed herein, syngas derived from cellulosic biomass (or other sources) can be catalytically converted into methanol, which in turn can be catalytically converted into acetic acid or acetates. Finally, the acetic acid or acetates can be reduced to ethanol according to several variations. In some embodiments, yields of ethanol from biomass can exceed 100 gallons per dry ton of biomass.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides methods for pre-treating activated carbon before it is used in a dehydrochlorination process. The methods can comprise mixing the activated carbon with an acid, an oxidizing agent in a liquid phase, or an oxidizing agent in a gas phase. Activated carbons undergoing one or more of these methods can exhibit improved stability during the dehydrochlorination process.

Abstract: Chemical Production Processes and Systems. Chemical production processes are provided that include replacing a halogen of an unsaturated halocarbon to produce an unsaturated hydrohalocarbon. Chemical production systems are provided that include a reaction zone coupled to first and second reservoirs, the first reservoir containing an unsaturated halocarbon and the second reservoir containing a hydrogenating reagent with the system being configured to expose the unsaturated halocarbon of the first reservoir to the hydrogenating agent of the second reservoir within the reaction zone.

Abstract: Higher diamondoid derivatives capable of taking part in polymerization reactions are disclosed as well as intermediates to these derivatives, polymers formed from these derivatives and methods for preparing the polymers.

Abstract: The invention is to provide a catalyst for long-term, high-yield and stable production of ethylene and propylene in an efficient and simple method of catalytic conversion from a hydrocarbon material. The invention relates to a method for producing ethylene and propylene by contacting a hydrocarbon material that contains an olefin having from 4 to 12 carbon atoms in an amount of at least 20% by weight, with a zeolite-containing shaped catalyst satisfying the following requirements (1) to (4), in a reactor for catalytic conversion of that olefin: (1) the zeolite is an intermediate pore-size zeolite having a pore size of from 5 to 6.5 angstroms, (2) the zeolite does not substantially contain a proton, (3) the zeolite contains at least one metal selected from the group consisting of metals belonging to the Group IB of the Periodic Table, (4) the zeolite has a silica/alumina molar ratio (SiO2/Al2O3 molar ratio) of from 800 to 2,000.

Abstract: A therapeutic device for promoting the healing of a wound in a mammal is disclosed. An exemplary device comprises a permeable structure having a plurality of depressions formed in a surface thereof. In use, the surface having the depressions is disposed adjacent a surface of the wound. A method of treating a wound comprises the steps of providing a permeable structure comprising a plurality of randomly disposed fibers and having i) a plurality of wound surface contact elements disposed between end portions of the structure, and ii) a plurality of voids defined by the contact elements; and applying the permeable structure to at least one surface of the wound.

Abstract: An absorbent article including a fiber aggregate formed by opening the tow, a super absorbent polymer particle, and a sheet covering these components. The super absorbent polymer particle are bonded to the sheet with an adhesive that is applied in a continuous plane to the entire surface or the substantially entire surface at least at the portion to be provided with the super absorbent polymer particle in this sheet.

Abstract: This invention is in the field of neurology. Specifically, the invention relates to the discovery and characterization of molecular components that play a role in neuronal demyelination or remyelination. In addition, the invention relates to the generation of an animal model that exhibits hypomyelination. The compositions and methods embodied in the present invention are particularly useful for drug screening and/or treatment of demyelination disorders.

Abstract: The present invention relates to isolated nucleic acid molecules and their corresponding encoded polypeptides able confer the trait of modulated plant size, vegetative growth, organ number, plant architecture, growth rate, seedling vigor, growth rate, fruit and seed yield, tillering and/or biomass in plants. The present invention further relates to the use of these nucleic acid molecules and polypeptides in making transgenic plants, plant cells, plant materials or seeds of a plant having plant size, vegetative growth, organ number, plant architecture, growth rate, seedling vigor and/or biomass that are altered with respect to wild type plants grown under similar conditions.

Abstract: The invention provides a modified variant of dicamba monooxygenase (DMO). The invention relates to the unexpected finding that cells expressing this DMO exhibit high levels of tolerance to the herbicide dicamba. Compositions comprising DMO-encoding nucleic acids and methods of use are provided.

Abstract: Compositions and methods for reducing the level of nornicotine and N?-nitrosonornicotine (NNN) in Nicotiana plants and plant parts thereof are provided. The compositions comprise isolated polynucleotides and polypeptides for cytochrome P450s that are involved in the metabolic conversion of nicotine to nornicotine in these plants. Expression cassettes, vectors, plants, and plant parts thereof comprising inhibitory sequences that target expression or function of the disclosed cytochrome P450 polypeptides are also provided. Methods for the use of these novel sequences to inhibit expression or function of cytochrome P450 polypeptides involved in this metabolic conversion are also provided. The methods find use in the production of tobacco products that have reduced levels of nornicotine and its carcinogenic metabolite, NNN, and thus reduced carcinogenic potential for individuals consuming these tobacco products or exposed to secondary smoke derived from these products.

Abstract: Methods for altering the N-glycosylation pattern of proteins in higher plants are provided. In some embodiments, the methods comprise introducing into a duckweed plant a recombinant RNAi construct that provides for the inhibition of expression of ?1,3-fucosyltransferase (FucT) and ?1,2-xylosyltransferase (XylT). Use of these RNAi constructs to inhibit or suppress expression of both of these enzymes, and isoforms thereof, advantageously provides for the production of endogenous and heterologous proteins having a “humanized” N-glycosylation pattern without impacting plant growth and development. Stably transformed higher plants, including duckweed plants, having this protein N-glycosylation pattern are provided. Glycoprotein compositions, including monoclonal antibody compositions, having substantially homogeneous glycosylation profiles, and which are substantially homogeneous for the G0 glycoform, are also provided.

Abstract: A novel plant belonging to the Stevia Rebaudiana Bertoni variety which contains at least 4 parts by weight or more of Rebaudioside A with respect to one part by weight of Stevioside, and allows a sweetener of a good quality to be easily produced from said plant or dried leaves thereof.

Abstract: A soybean cultivar designated 6238359 is disclosed. The invention relates to the seeds of soybean cultivar 6238359, to the plants of soybean 6238359, to plant parts of soybean cultivar 6238359 and to methods for producing a soybean plant produced by crossing soybean cultivar 6238359 with itself or with another soybean variety. The invention also relates to methods for producing a soybean plant containing in its genetic material one or more transgenes and to the transgenic soybean plants and plant parts produced by those methods. This invention also relates to soybean cultivars or breeding cultivars and plant parts derived from soybean variety 6238359, to methods for producing other soybean cultivars, lines or plant parts derived from soybean cultivar 6238359 and to the soybean plants, varieties, and their parts derived from use of those methods. The invention further relates to hybrid soybean seeds, plants and plant parts produced by crossing the cultivar 6238359 with another soybean cultivar.

Abstract: The invention relates to the soybean variety designated D5632454. Provided by the invention are the seeds, plants and derivatives of the soybean variety D5632454. Also provided by the invention are tissue cultures of the soybean variety D5632454 and the plants regenerated therefrom. Still further provided by the invention are methods for producing soybean plants by crossing the soybean variety D5632454 with itself or another soybean variety and plants produced by such methods.

Abstract: The invention relates to the soybean variety designated D5247567. Provided by the invention are the seeds, plants and derivatives of the soybean variety D5247567. Also provided by the invention are tissue cultures of the soybean variety D5247567 and the plants regenerated therefrom. Still further provided by the invention are methods for producing soybean plants by crossing the soybean variety D5247567 with itself or another soybean variety and plants produced by such methods.

Abstract: A barley cultivar, designated Champion, is disclosed. The invention relates to the seeds of barley cultivar Champion, to the plants of barley Champion, and to methods for producing a barley plant produced by crossing barley cultivar Champion with itself or another barley variety. The invention also relates to methods for producing a barley plant containing in its genetic material one or more transgenes and to the transgenic barley plants and plant parts produced by those methods. The invention also relates to barley varieties or breeding varieties and plant parts derived from barley cultivar Champion, to methods for producing other barley varieties, lines or plant parts derived from barley cultivar Champion, and to the barley plants, varieties, and their parts derived from the use of those methods. The invention further relates to hybrid barley seeds and plants produced by crossing barley cultivar Champion with another barley cultivar.

Abstract: A novel maize variety designated PHWDM and seed, plants and plant parts thereof. Methods for producing a maize plant that comprise crossing maize variety PHWDM with another maize plant. Methods for producing a maize plant containing in its genetic material one or more traits introgressed into PHWDM through backcross conversion and/or transformation, and to the maize seed, plant and plant part produced thereby. Hybrid maize seed, plant or plant part produced by crossing the variety PHWDM or a locus conversion of PHWDM with another maize variety.

Abstract: A string-bridge interface system includes a plurality of string-bridge interface units to provide coupling between strings of a musical instrument and one or more sound bridges of the musical instrument, which are further coupled to the sound board of the musical instrument. Such coupling provided by the string-bridge interface units allows for reduced loading of the sound board and more direct routing of the strings.

Abstract: A snare strainer adapted to a snare drum is equipped with two strainers, which are attached to the opposite positions on the circumferential exterior of a cylinder of the snare drum and which control a snappy member to be selectively brought into contact with or separated from the backside head opposite to the drumhead. Herein, a moving base vertically moves along a fixed base attached to the circumferential exterior of the cylinder; holding members, which are tightly joined together so as to hold the terminal of the snappy member, are supported by a support member fixed to the moving base. The holding members are engaged with the support member due to a magnetic attraction exerted by permanent magnets. This makes it possible for the person to detachably attach the holding members to the support member without using tools; hence, it is possible to improve the handling of the snare strainer.

Abstract: An instructional system and method for students of wind instrument that include audio/video depictions for viewing by users of the system and method an instructor performing steps on a wind instrument, an animated breathing bar presented at least during a time period over which a user is to attempt to replicate the steps demonstrated by the instructor, such breathing bar to visually command a user to alternatively inhale or exhale (while producing tones on his or her wind instrument), and visual indicia instructing in textual form the step or steps to be carried out by a user. A system can include one or many steps being demonstrated and prompted for recreation by a user, as well as additional presentations, such as metronomes, interactive tuners, and the like.