Abstract: The invention is based on the discovery that a remarkable improvement in the performance of maleimide thermosets can be achieved through the incorporation of imide-extended mono-, bis-, or polymaleimide compounds. These imide-extended maleimide compounds are readily prepared by the condensation of appropriate anhydrides with appropriate diamines to give amine terminated compounds. These compounds are then condensed with excess maleic anhydride to yield imide-extended maleimide compounds.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process in which addition of certain bis(methyl)aryl compounds which have a further substituent other than hydrogen and on which at least one of the two methyl groups bears a leaving group, the molecular weight in the synthesis of poly(arylenevinylenes) is controlled reproducibly and can be deduced by the GILCH polymerization or by the sulfinyl precursor route, and to the polymers obtainable by means of the process according to the invention.

Abstract: An epoxy/modified silicon dioxide corrosion resistant nanocomposite material and a preparation method thereof are disclosed. The method includes the steps of: dispersing TS(TEOS-SiO2) or APTES/TEOS-SiO2 (TAS) in solvent so as to form TS solution or TAS solution; adding triphenylolmethane triglycidyl ether and 1,4-butanediol diglycidyl ether into the TS solution or TAS solution to produce glycidyl ether/TS solution or glycidyl ether/TAS solution. Add a curing agent into the glycidyl ether/TS solution or glycidyl ether/TAS solution to generate epoxy/TS solution or epoxy/TAS solution. After curing, obtain epoxy/modified silicon dioxide nanocomposite corrosion resistant material. The material is applied to optoelectronics or other fields for corrosion prevention.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and device for the continuous polycondensation of polyester material in the solid phase, in particular in the form of partially crystalline granulate. The aim of the invention is to achieve a high product throughput on recrystallising and recondensation of polyester material with a low initial IV. Said aim is achieved, whereby on recrystallisation, a low residence time of 1-10 minutes is achieved, by means of a rapid heating of a thin product layer, followed by an SSP treatment.

Abstract: An isolated and purified nucleic acid molecule that encodes a polypeptide comprising at least eight contiguous amino acids of SEQ ID NO: 3, wherein the at least eight contiguous amino acids have anti-viral activity, as well as an isolated and purified nucleic acid molecule that encodes a polypeptide comprising at least eight contiguous amino acids of SEQ ID NO: 3, wherein the at least eight contiguous amino acids have anti-viral activity, and, when the at least eight contiguous amino acids comprise amino acids 1-121 of SEQ ID NO: 3, the at least eight contiguous amino acids have been rendered glycosylation-resistant, a vector comprising such an isolated and purified nucleic acid molecule, a host cell comprising the nucleic acid molecule, optionally in the form of a vector, a method of producing an anti-viral polypeptide or conjugate thereof, the anti-viral polypeptide itself, a conjugate or fusion protein comprising the anti-viral polypeptide, and compositions comprising an effective amount of the anti-viral

Abstract: A novel gene 08P1D4 (also designated STEAP-1) and its encoded protein, and variants thereof, are described wherein STEAP-1 exhibits tissue specific expression in normal adult tissue, and is aberrantly expressed in the cancers listed in Table I. Consequently, STEAP-1 provides a diagnostic, prognostic, prophylactic and/or therapeutic target for cancer. The STEAP-1 gene or fragment thereof, or its encoded protein, or variants thereof, or a fragment thereof, can be used to elicit a humoral or cellular immune response; antibodies or T cells reactive with STEAP-1 can be used in active or passive immunization.

Abstract: Disclosed are peptide ligands for G-protein coupled receptors that are useful for treating disorders associated with G-protein coupled receptor activation.

Abstract: The invention provides a pharmaceutical formulation and a method for preparing the formulation.

Abstract: The invention provides a method of assembling oligopeptide intermediates in a native chemical ligation reaction that eliminates self-ligation of bi-functional intermediates. An important aspect of the invention is a bi-functional intermediate with an N-terminal heterocyclic protecting group which effectively prevents self-ligation in the chemical assembly process. The present invention is useful in methods for convergent synthesis of polypeptides and proteins and improves the efficiency of native chemical ligation reactions, particularly where three or more peptide fragments are used to assemble a polypeptide or protein product.

Abstract: The present invention provides compounds for targeting endothelial cells, tumor cells or other cells that express the NP-1 receptor, compositions containing the same and methods for their use. Additionally, the present invention includes diagnostic, therapeutic and radiotherapeutic compositions useful for visualization, therapy or radiotherapy.

Abstract: The invention is directed to T cell epitopes wherein said epitopes comprises a peptide or polypeptide chain comprising at least a portion of an immunoglobulin constant or variable region. The invention also relates to methods of using and methods of making the epitopes of the invention.

Abstract: The present invention provides novel hydrogels and methods of making and using such hydrogels. The present invention provides hydrogels that may be formed by the self-assembly of peptides in solution. Such self-assembly may be brought about by a change in one or more characteristics of the solution. Characteristics of the solution that may be changed include pH, ionic strength, temperature, and concentration of one or more specific ions. In addition, hydrogels of the invention may be disassembled by changing one or more characteristic of the hydrogel such as pH, ionic strength, temperature, and concentration of one or more specific ions.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to an isotopically labeled trapping agent, methods for detecting reactive metabolites and methods of identifying drug candidates. More specifically, the isotopically labeled trapping agent and methods for detecting reactive metabolites may be used to detect both “hard” and “soft” reactive metabolites, thereby eliminating false positives.

Abstract: Methods for analyzing, selecting, characterizing or classifying compositions of a co-polymer, e.g., glatiramer acetate are described. The methods entail analysis of pyro-glutamate in the composition, and, in some methods, comparing the amount of pyro-glutamate present in a composition to a reference standard.

Abstract: The invention relates to complement inhibitors that inhibit both the classical and alternative complement pathways. In particular, the invention relates to complement inhibitors derived from the salivary glands of haematophagous arthropods that inhibit both the classical and alternative complement pathways. The invention also relates to the use of such complement inhibitors in the treatment and prevention of diseases.

Abstract: The present invention provides compositions and crystals of the carboxyltransferase (CT) domain (the C-terminal ˜90 kDa fragment) of various acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) proteins, including yeast, mouse and human ACCs. Further, the present invention provides methods for identifying and designing compounds that can modulate ACC activity. These methods are based, in part, on the X-ray crystallographic structures of the CT domain of yeast ACC, either alone or bound to acetyl-CoA or a CT inhibitor, such as haloxyfop or diclofop or CP-640186. Thus, the present invention relates to the crystal structures of the carboxyltransferase (“CT”) domain of acetyl-CoA carboxylase (“ACC”), and to the use of these structures in the design of anti-obesity compounds, anti-diabetes compounds, antibiotic compounds, herbicide compounds, and in the design of herbicide resistant plants.

Abstract: A method for preparing recombinant dimeric proteins using a nucleic acid coding for the C-terminal fragment of the C4BP protein ? chain including amino acid residues 193 to 252 or a functional variant of the fragment, wherein the fragment enables covalent bonding of the heterologous polypeptides to which it is fused. Dimeric proteins obtained by means of the method and cells for carrying out the method are also described.

Abstract: Described herein are methods to enhance protein secretion in a host cell. In preferred embodiment, the host cell is a gram-positive microorganism such as a Bacillus. In another preferred embodiment, the host cell is a gram-negative microorganism. Preferably the gram-negative microorganism is an Escherichia coli or a member of the genus Pantoea. Protein secretion may be enhanced by the overexpression of protein components of the Tat pathway. Alternatively, secretion of foreign proteins can be selectively enhanced by forming a chimeric polypeptide comprising a tat signal sequence and the protein of interest. In a preferred embodiment, the tat signal sequence is selected from phoD or LipA.

Abstract: Described herein are methods to enhance protein secretion in a host cell. In preferred embodiment, the host cell is a gram-positive microorganism such as a Bacillus. In another preferred embodiment, the host cell is a gram-negative microorganism. Preferably the gram-negative microorganism is an Escherichia coli or a member of the genus Pantoea. Protein secretion may be enhanced by the overexpression of protein components of the Tat pathway. Alternatively, secretion of foreign proteins can be selectively enhanced by forming a chimeric polypeptide comprising a tat signal sequence and the protein of interest. In a preferred embodiment, the tat signal sequence is selected from phoD or LipA.

Abstract: We describe two primordial germ cell-specifically expressed genes, GCR1 (Fragilis) and GCR2 (Stella), as well as their fragments, homologues, variants or deriviatives thereof which are markers for primordial germ cells and may be used to identify such cells in cell populations.

Abstract: Soluble epidermal growth factor receptors 2 and 3 (HER2 and HER3) splice variant proteins with HER2 and HER3 antagonist activity and anti-proliferative properties, as well as the corresponding nucleic acids, are provided for treatment of proliferative diseases, in particular cancer. Also provided are compositions and methods for inducing expression of these splice variants, including splice switching oligonucleotides that modulate splicing of pre-mRNA that codes for these receptors.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of extracting ginsenoside Rg2, which is applied to mass production. The method of the present invention employs gradient salting-out instead of conventional silica gel chromatography, and therefore enables convenient performance and mass production of ginsenoside Rg2. Provided are also a pharmaceutical composition comprising ginsenoside Rg2 as an active ingredient, and prophylactic and therapeutic agents for preventing and treating dementia, depression, peripheral circulation disorder and related diseases, utilizing the pharmaceutical composition.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to compositions and methods using mammalian, dsDNA (Double Stranded Deoxyribonucleic Acid) vaccination for the induction and maintenance of regulator suppressor T cells resulting in suppression of non infectious, and post infectious, inflammatory, allergic, auto-immune, vasculitic, certain degenerative vascular, and graft versus host diseases, with or without the use of IL-10, and with or without the use or TGF?, with or without the use of anti-IL 6 receptor antibody, anti TNF antibody and or Plasmapheresis, IVIG, Corticosteroids, Methotrexate, Bromocriptine, and or vitamin D analogues.

Abstract: The invention provides novel oligonucleotide-based compounds that individually provide distinct immune response profiles through their interactions as agonists with TLR9. The TLR9 agonists according to the invention are characterized by specific and unique chemical modifications, which provide their distinctive immune response activation profiles.

Abstract: The present invention encompasses monoclonal and chimeric antibodies that bind to lipoteichoic acid of Gram positive bacteria. The antibodies also bind to whole bacteria and enhance phagocytosis and killing of the bacteria in vitro and enhance protection from lethal infection in vivo. The mouse monoclonal antibody has been humanized and the resulting chimeric antibody provides a previously unknown means to diagnose, prevent and/or treat infections caused by gram positive bacteria bearing lipoteichoic acid. This invention also encompasses a peptide mimic of the lipoteichoic acid epitope binding site defined by the monoclonal antibody. This epitope or epitope peptide mimic identifies other antibodies that may bind to the lipoteichoic acid epitope. Moreover, the epitope or epitope peptide mimic provides a valuable substrate for the generation of vaccines or other therapeutics.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to mutants of HCV NS3/4A protease. More particularly, the present invention identifies mutant of HCV NS3/4A protease that are resistant to drug treatment.

Abstract: Provided herein are retroviral vectors for delivering interfering RNA into cells.

Abstract: A method for separating and purifying RNA including the steps of passing a sample solution containing a nucleic acid, a washing solution and a recovering solution through a nucleic acid-adsorbing porous membrane to adsorb nucleic, adsorbing, washing and recovering, in which the nucleic acid adsorbing porous membrane is a porous membrane capable of adsorbing a nucleic acid by interaction involving substantially no ionic bond, and the sample solution is obtained by a process, comprising the steps of (I) injecting a test sample containing at least one of blood and leukocyte, and further containing an anticoagulant to a container, (II) adding a hemolytic agent to the container to obtain a leukocyte pellet, (III) adding a nucleic acid-solubilizing reagent to the leukocyte pallet to obtain a mixture solution and (IV) adding a water-soluble organic solvent to the mixture solution to obtain the sample solution containing the nucleic acid.

Abstract: Nucleobases are perfluoroalkylated in a one step process with a perfluoroalkyl halide in the presence of a sulfoxide, a peroxide and an iron compound. Compounds so produced are useful as medicinal drugs, intermediates for medicinal drugs and agricultural chemicals.

Abstract: The invention discloses a method for improving the yield of sucralose, including reacting sucrose to produce sucrose-6-acetate in the existence of an azo reagent as a catalyst and acetic acid as an acylating agent in a proper solvent; then reacting sucrose-6-acetate with a proper chlorinating agent to produce sucralose-6-acetate in a non-proton polar solvent with TCA as a catalyst; and at last, alcoholyzing sucralose-6-acetate in KOH/methanol to obtain sucralose.

Abstract: Phenylalanine derivatives of the following formula, analogues thereof and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof have an antagonistic activity to ?4 integrin. They are used as therapeutic agents or preventive agents for various diseases concerning ?4 integrin in which ?4 integrin-depending adhesion process participates in the pathology, such as inflammatory diseases, rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel diseases, systemic lupus erythematosus, multiple sclerosis, Sjögren's syndrome, asthma, psoriasis, allergy, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, arterial sclerosis, restenosis, tumor proliferation, tumor metastasis and transplantation rejection. wherein R1 is a methyl group and R2 is a methoxy group.

Abstract: The present invention relates to acid addition salts of aripiprazole, a process for preparing said acid addition salts and their use to prepare or purify aripiprazole in the form of a free base or in the form of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt.

Abstract: The present invention describes a method for the synthesis of enantiomerically pure 3-amidinophenylalanine derivatives, which are used as pharmaceutically effective urokinase inhibitors, by starting from 3-cyanophenylalanine derivatives. The methods of manufacture comprising only one synthesis step lead to new intermediates, namely 3-hydroxyamidino- and 3-amidrazonophenylalanine derivatives. These intermediates or their acetyl derivatives can be reduced into the desired 3-amidinophenylalanine derivatives under gentle conditions (H2 or ammonium formiate, Pd/C (approx. 10%), ethanol/water, room temperature, normal pressure or also H2, Pd/C, AcOH or HCl/ethanol, 1-3 bar) in excellent yields and in an enantiomeric excess of up to 99.9%.

Abstract: Imidazo-quinoline, -pyridine, and -naphthyridine ring systems (particularly quinolines, tetrahydroquinolines, pyridines, [1,5]naphthyridines, [1,5]tetrahydronaphthyridines) substituted at the 1-position with a cyclic substituent, pharmaceutical compositions containing the compounds, methods of making these compounds, and methods of use of these compounds as immunomodulators, for inducing cytokine biosynthesis in animals and in the treatment of diseases including viral and neoplastic diseases are disclosed.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for the preparation of laquinimod sodium which removes the impurities after the salt formation step, thus resulting in crystals of higher purity as well as crystals having improved crystalline characteristics.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of bora-tetraazapentalenes with the general formula A as redox-dopant and/or emitter in electronic, optoelectronic or electroluminescent structural elements.

Abstract: The invention provides a compound of general formula (I) wherein the compounds are of the class ureido-thiazole glucokinase activators, useful for the treatment of various diseases, for example, type 2 diabetes.

Abstract: Caspase activity and apoptosis are promoted using active, dimeric Smac peptide mimetics of the general formula M1-L-M2, wherein moieties M1 and M2 are monomeric Smac mimetics and L is a covalent linker. Target cancerous or inflammatory cells are contacted with an effective amount of an active, dimeric Smac mimetic, and a resultant increase in apoptosis of the target cells is detected. The contacting step may be effected by administering to a pharmaceutical composition comprising a therapeutically effective amount of The compoundic mimetic, wherein the individual may be subject to concurrent or antecedent radiation or chemotherapy for treatment of a neoproliferative pathology.

Abstract: The present invention provides an improved synthesis for the manufacture of candesartan and pharmaceutically acceptable salts and esters thereof as active ingredients of a medicament for the treatment of hypertension and related diseases and conditions which comprises the removal of the tetrazolyl protecting group in an organic solvent, and in the presence of a Lewis acid.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of anastrozole.

Abstract: The present invention encompasses a method for the preparation of Telmisartan comprises, through Telmisartan dihydrochloride comprises i) Condensing 4-Methyl-2-n-propyl-1H-benzimidazole-6-carboxylic acid with N-Methyl-O-phenylenediamine dihydrochloride to yields 4-methyl-6 (1-methyl benzimidazol-2-yl)-2-n-propyl 1H-benzimidazole ii) Treating 4-methyl-6-(1-methylbenzimidazol-2-yl)-2-n-propyl-1H-benzimidazole with 4?-(bromomethyl)-2-biphenyl-2-carboxylate in presence of a base in an organic solvent and isolating the ester as acid addition salt iii) Converting ester acid addition salt to Telmisartan dihydrochloride and iv) Converting Telmisartan dihydrochloride to Telmisartan.

Abstract: Inhibitors of RSV replication of formula (I) the addition salts and stereochemically isomeric forms thereof, wherein Q is hydrogen, C1-6alkyl optionally substituted with a heterocycle or Q is C1-6alkyl substituted with both —OR4 and a heterocycle; wherein said heterocycle is oxazolidine, thiazolidine, 1-oxo-thiazolidine, 1,1-dioxothiazolidine, morpholinyl, thiomorpholinyl, 1-oxo-thiomorpholinyl, 1,1-dioxothiomorpholinyl, hexahydrooxazepine, hexahydro-thiazepine, 1-oxo-hexahydrothiazepine, 1,1-dioxo-hexahydrothiazepine, pyrrolidine, piperidine, homopiperidine, piperazine; which heterocyle may be substituted with 1-2 substituents; each Alk is C1-6alkanediyl; R1 is Ar2 or optionally substituted piperidinyl, piperazinyl, morpholinyl, thiomorpholinyl, pyridyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl, pyrimidinyl, furanyl, tetrahydro-furanyl, thienyl, pyrrolyl, thiazolyl, oxazolyl, imidazolyl, isothiazolyl, pyrazolyl, isoxazolyl, oxadiazolyl, quinolinyl, quinoxalinyl, benzofuranyl, benzothienyl, benzimidazolyl, benzoxazolyl, benzth

Abstract: The present invention provides a fluorine-containing pyrazolecarbonitrile derivative and a method for producing the same, and a fluorine-containing pyrazolecarboxylic acid derivative obtained by using the fluorine-containing pyrazolecarbonitrile derivative and a method for producing the same. A fluorine-containing acyacrylonitrile derivative prepared from a fluoroacyl derivative and an aminoacrylonitrile derivative, is reacted with a hydrazine derivative to produce a fluorine-containing pyrazolecarbonitrile derivative represented by Formula (1). In Formula (1), Rf represents an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms and substituted with at least one fluorine atom; R1 represents an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms and R2 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms or the like. The fluorine-containing pyrazolecarbonitrile derivative represented by Formula (1) is reacted with water to produce a fluorine-containing pyrazolecarboxylic acid derivative.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to pyrrolidinylaminoacetyl pyrrolidine boronic acid compounds that display selective, potent dipeptidyl peptidase IV inhibitory activity. These compounds are useful for the treatment of disorders that can be regulated or normalized via inhibition of DPP-IV including those characterized by impaired glycemic control such as Diabetes Mellitus and related conditions. The compounds can be administered alone or with another medicament that displays pharmacological activity for treatment of these and other diseases.

Abstract: A benzoindole-based compound represented by Formula 1 below, a dye including the benzoindole-based compound, and a dye-sensitized solar cell including the dye: is prepared at a low cost, has a high molar absorption coefficient, and high photoelectron conversion efficiency, as compared to a conventional ruthenium dye. The benzoindole-based dye is an organic dye including an N-aryl electron donor and an acidic functional group an electron acceptor.

Abstract: The present invention relates to crystalline forms of [3-(4-{2-butyl-1-[4-(4-chloro-phenoxy)-phenyl]-1H-imidazol-4-yl}-phenoxy)-propyl]-diethylamine (“COMPOUND I”) useful in the treatment of RAGE mediated diseases.

Abstract: A method for decoloring 2-phenyl-3,3-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)phthalimidine (“p,p-PPPBP”) is disclosed. The method comprises contacting a liquid solution containing p,p-PPPBP and the common impurities o,p-PPPBP and aminophenone with activated carbon fibers. The activated carbon fibers adsorb the impurities, resulting in a purified solution of p,p-PPPBP. The activated carbon fibers can then be regenerated, such as with a methanol solution having a highly basic pH.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of separating ergosterol from a solution containing ergosterol in water-insoluble organic solvent, comprising supplying water to the solution and precipitating ergosterol. According to the method of the present invention, ergosterol crystals can be obtained at a high yield. Moreover, controlled water supply provides granular ergosterol aggregates exhibiting good solid-liquid separation character at a high yield.

Abstract: A process for the syntheses of 17?-hydroxy-7?-methyl-19-nor-17?-pregn-5(10)-ene-20-yne-3-one (tibolone, 11) and intermediates useful for the synthesis thereof.

Abstract: The invention relates to an enantiomerically enriched chiral compound comprising a transition metal M, which comprises four, five or six coordinating groups of which at least one pair is linked together to form a bidentate ligand, in which M is directly bound via one single ?-bond to a carbon atom of an optionally substituted and/or optionally fused (hetero)aromatic ring of said bidentate ligand and in which M is directly bound to a nitrogen atom of a primary or secondary amino group of said bidentate ligand, thereby forming a metallacycle between said bidentate ligand and the metal M, said metal M being selected from the metals of groups 8 and 9 of the Periodic Table of the Elements, in particular iron, ruthenium, osmium, cobalt, rhodium, or iridium. The chiral compound can be used as a catalyst, preferably in an asymmetric transfer hydrogenation process.