Abstract: A wrapper for wrapping an item to form a decorative cover thereabout is disclosed. The wrapper is constructed of a sheet of material having an extension attached to a portion thereof and provides the decorative cover with the appearance of being formed of two separate, unconnected sheets of material.

Abstract: According to the invention air is trapped at an origin location in a container, and the container is sealed to hermetically confine the trapped air therein. The container is then provided with literature identifying the origin location at which the air was trapped and giving other information regarding this origin location. Then the container with the literature is shipped to a destination location distant from the origin location. Finally the container is opened and the trapped air is consumed.

Abstract: A method for blow molding and filling sterile containers of preforms in a container treatment device containing a blow module, in which the preforms are transferred from a heating device to the blow module via transport devices, and the containers are transported to a filling machine and filled, where a sterilization treatment is performed each at the preforms and the containers, a main sterilization treatment is performed at the preforms between the heating device and the blow module, and only a subsequent sterilization treatment is performed at the containers on the transport path to the filling machine. Further, a device having a main sterilization module between the heating device and the blow module, and a subsequent sterilization module between the blow module and the filling machine.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a packaging machine and a method, in particular for an intermittently operating deep-draw packaging machine, which has at least one heating surface with a plurality of heater elements, which can be individually controlled by a controller in order to heat a film to different temperature levels.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a pharmaceutical dosage form, and methods and system for making the pharmaceutical dosage form. The pharmaceutical dosage form contains a first component and a second component sealed in a container, such as a packet or sachet, blister pack, and capsule. Machines and methods for making the pharmaceutical dosage form is also provided.

Abstract: The present invention provides a device (1) for packaging products in a foil package, comprising feed-through means for Continuously supplying a foil web (12) from a supply roll to a corner forming unit (6), said corner forming unit comprising, in succession, a curved deforming edge (58) for deforming the flat foil web to a curved foil web having a reduced width, at least in perpendicular view, deforming means (21, 22) for forming a profile in the curved foil web, a roller for flattening the foil web, with the reduced width of the foil web at least substantially being maintained and overlapping sections being formed at the location of the profile, and sealing means (24) for sealing said overlapping sections, wherein the deforming edge and the deforming means form part of an exchangeable unit (31) and wherein the sealing means are movable along at least one guide (35, 49) extending parallel to the central axis of the roller, with the corner forming unit comprising aligning elements (45) associated with the sea

Abstract: A container treatment plant (1) and a container treatment method for the treatment of containers (2, 3) capable of being filled with a product are described. The container treatment plant (1) comprises a plurality of treatment elements (11 to 19, 21 to 27, 31), wherein each treatment element (11 to 19, 21 to 27, 31) is used for a pre-determined treatment of the containers (2, 3) and each treatment element (11 to 19, 21 to 27, 31) has associated therewith a container nominal value which indicates which type of container (2, 3) the treatment element (11 to 19, 21 to 27, 31) can treat, a detection device (100) for detecting properties of one of the containers (2, 3) to be treated, and a comparator device (150) for comparing a detection result of the detection device (100) with the container nominal value for at least one treatment element (11 to 19, 21 to 27, 31).

Abstract: A horse halter that allows the handler a more effective means for training and controlling a horse by incorporating a novel method of applying pressure to the horse's neck in addition to applying pressure to the nose and poll regions of the horse as shown in traditional halters. The improved halter accomplishes this by incorporating a neck band which is coupled to the nose and poll bands such that when tension is exerted on the neck band via a lead line, pressure is simultaneously applied to the neck and nose regions of the horse and the head is pulled toward the horse's chest while pressure is released at the poll. After a horse has been conditioned using the neck band feature, the lead line may be disconnected from attachment to the neck band and secured solely to the nose and poll bands to function as a traditional halter.

Abstract: A trigger arrangement for an animal training apparatus, the trigger arrangement including a fluid pump having a pump actuator, the pump including an inlet and an outlet and a sound emitter configured to be actuated by the pump actuator, wherein actuation of the pump pumps fluid from the inlet to the outlet accompanied by a simultaneous emission of sound from the sound emitter.

Abstract: A dust collection unit for a vacuum cleaner includes a first dust collection part for filtering foreign objects in air, a second dust collection part for filtering foreign objects in the air that has passed through the first dust collection part, and a dust collection container having first and second dust collection chambers that correspond to the first and second dust collection parts, respectively. The first and second dust collection chambers store the foreign objects filtered by the respectively first and second dust collection parts in a state where parts of the respective first and second dust collection parts are received in the respective first and second dust collection chambers and the first and second dust collection chambers are provided in a line.

Abstract: A cyclonic separating apparatus includes a first cyclonic separating unit including at least one first cyclone and an annular dust collecting chamber, a second cyclonic separating unit located downstream of the first cyclonic separating unit and including at least one second cyclone and a dust collecting chamber, and a third cyclonic separating unit located downstream of the second cyclonic separating unit and including a plurality of third cyclones arranged in parallel and a dust collecting chamber. The number of third cyclones is higher than the number of second cyclones, and the dust collecting chambers of the second and third cyclonic separating units are located inside of the annular dust collecting chamber of the first cyclonic separating unit.

Abstract: A filter arrangement for filtering an air supply to a motor vehicle engine includes a filter element having a pleated filter medium, the pleated filter medium having an end face and a longitudinal side face, at least one of the end face and the longitudinal side face having a flap with a free end projecting from the respective face; and a filter housing receiving the filter element and having a housing wall, wherein the flap is configured to be placed tight against the housing wall.

Abstract: A filter element comprises a pleated filter (10), one end of which is received in an end cap (11), which is made up of a unitary moulding comprising an end part (21) of a harder plastics material, and a lower part (22) of a softer plastics material, the plastics being compatible or of the same composition, differing only in hardness. A groove (24) engages with a support plate (14), the groove being formed in the softer material abutting the harder material so that the latter forms one face of the groove. A perforated support sleeve (29) can be inserted by dropping into the filter, and an end cap (12) at the other end of the filter either closes the end or is adapted for connection to a further similar filter.

Abstract: The invention relates to a retractile finger (1) for fitting to a grain harvester auger (3) main shaft (2), which retractile finger comprises an elongated portion (4) having at one of its ends a portion in the form of a guide (5) for fitting to the above-mentioned shaft (2), the elongated portion (4) and the portion in the form of a guide (5) being formed in one piece made of polyethylene with a molar mass of between 3.9 and 10.5 million g/mol.

Abstract: A grass mowing machine with an electric reel drive motor mounted to a cutting reel and connected to an electrical bus. An internal combustion engine drives an alternator to produce a voltage on the electrical bus. An engine speed and voltage limiter monitors the voltage on the electrical bus and, if the voltage exceeds a specified threshold, closes a kill switch to interrupt the ignition function of the engine driving the alternator.

Abstract: A supply device (30) of a device (10) for stripping leaves from tobacco plants P, where each plant is composed of a stem T that bears leaves F. The leaf-stripping device (10) includes at least one station (12) for supplying tobacco plants P, a discharging station (14), and elements (16) for transferring the plants P from the supply station (12) to the discharging station (14) according to a direction S of work. The transfer elements (16) include elements for receiving plants P at the supply station (12). The supply device (30) includes elements for depositing the tobacco plants P on the receiving elements of the leaf-stripping device (10) and elements for bringing the plants P for their leaves to be stripped one after the other and in an automated manner to the supply station (12) of the leaf-stripping device.

Abstract: The invention is a versatile plastic-molded pool cover dredging tool having first portion of a solid uniplanar support panel connected to a second semi-cylindrical portion. The semi-cylindrical portion include a set of fingers extending from a solid horizontal portion formed perpendicular to the uniplanar support panel. The set of fingers extends downward in a first cylindrical arc, the set of fingers being connected at a second horizontal portion, then the set of fingers extending upward in the first cylindrical arc. The tool also includes two end structures located at each end, extending downward from the support panel in a second cylindrical arc. The tool may be attached to any type of pool pole and be used in other home and gardening purposes.

Abstract: According to the method for characterizing fancy yarn, at least one characteristic of the fancy yarn is scanned along the longitudinal direction of the fancy yarn. Values of the scanning are evaluated and the results of the evaluation are outputted. The results of the evaluation are the fancy yarn parameters such as base yarn mass, base yarn diameter, slub distance, mass increase (?M) of a slub, slub diameter increase, slub diameter, slub length (LE) and/or slub total mass. At least one result of the evaluation is outputted in the form of a graphic representation, for example as a scatter diagram. Such a graphic representation provides a clear representation of the measurement results. The occurring data is reduced and may be divided up into different categories.

Abstract: According to the method for characterizing fancy yarn, at least one characteristic of the fancy yarn is scanned along the longitudinal direction of the fancy yarn. Values of the scanning are evaluated and the results of the evaluation are outputted. The results of the evaluation are the fancy yarn parameters such as base yarn mass, base yarn diameter, stub distance, mass increase (?M) of a stub, slub diameter increase, stub diameter, slub length (LE) and/or slub total mass. At least one result of the evaluation is outputted in the form of a graphic representation, for example as a scatter diagram. Such a graphic representation provides a clear representation of the measurement results. The occurring data is reduced and may be divided up into different categories.

Abstract: A device for assembling and disassembling a bicycle chain comprises a main body, an actuating member, a rod member, a pulling member, and an elastic plate. The rod member, the pulling member and the elastic plate are connected to one another to guide a positioning member to be assembled into the assembling holes in a balance manner, so that the device for assembling and disassembling a bicycle chain makes the assembly of the chain more convenient and simple.

Abstract: An apparatus for generating electrical power in which a synthesis gas stream generated in a gasifier is partially oxidized, expanded and thereafter, is combusted in an oxygen transport membrane system of a boiler. The combustion generates heat to raise steam to in turn generate electricity by a generator coupled to a steam turbine. The resultant flue gas can be purified to produce a carbon dioxide product.

Abstract: In an air mixing arrangement wherein a primary fluid is introduced through an opening in a wall to be mixed with a secondary fluid flowing along the wall surface, the opening is airfoil shaped with its leading edge being orientated at an attack angle with respect to the secondary fluid flow stream so as to thereby enhance the penetration and dispersion of the primary fluid stream into the secondary fluid stream. The airfoil shaped opening is selectively positioned such that its angle of attack provides the desired lift to optimize the mixing of the two streams for the particular application. In one embodiment, a collar is provided around the opening to prevent the secondary fluid from contacting the surface of the wall during certain conditions of operation. Multiple openings maybe used such as the combination of a larger airfoil shaped opening with a smaller airfoil shaped opened positioned downstream thereof, or a round shaped opening placed upstream of an airfoil shaped opening.

Abstract: An exhaust diagnostic system includes a selective catalyst reduction (SCR) efficiency testing module that determines an efficiency of a SCR catalyst. An exhaust gas temperature management module selectively adjusts a temperature of the SCR catalyst to a predetermined temperature range using intrusive exhaust gas temperature management. A test enabling module initiates an SCR efficiency test using the SCR efficiency module after failing a prior SCR efficiency test and while the temperature of the SCR catalyst is within the predetermined temperature range.

Abstract: Electrical power from a dynamic braking process in an off-highway vehicle is used to power an auxiliary system in the vehicle. The auxiliary system may be a urea storage container heating unit or a particulate filter regeneration heating unit. When dynamic braking electricity is unavailable, and to the extent the dynamic braking electricity is insufficient for powering the auxiliary system, electrical power from an energy device on board the vehicle is used to power the auxiliary system. The energy device may be an auxiliary energy storage device, devoted for use in powering the auxiliary system.

Abstract: For reducing the NOx-emission of a large sized two stroke diesel engine having at least one combustion room (3), a reciprocating piston (4) and an exhaust opening (12) controlled by an exhaust valve (13) at each work cyclus a small volume of burnt gas is retained in the combustion room (3) and so added to the fresh air for the next combustion. For achieving this retention of burnt gas the underside of the valve disc (15) off the exhaust valve (13) is provided with a shallow concave face (17) building a basin-like collection room, whose depth is within a range of 2-10% of the outer diameter of the valve disc (15).

Abstract: A system for exhaust gas purification (1) which comprises, disposed in the exhaust passage (11) of an internal combustion engine (10) in the following order from the upstream side: a device (47) for direct injection into the exhaust pipe, an oxidation catalyst (31), and at least one of a catalyst for NOx removal (32) and a catalyzed DPF (33). The support of the oxidation catalyst (31) comprises a metallic material or a material having a specific heat not higher than that of the metallic material, and has a structure having the function of mixing the exhaust gas. As a result, the regeneration of the NOx occlusion/reduction type catalyst (32) by NOx removal and the forced regeneration of the catalyzed DPF (33) by PM removal can be practiced even when the internal combustion engine (1) is operated under low-load conditions.

Abstract: The present invention discloses an exhaust system for an internal combustion engine that provides diesel particulate filter (DPF) failure detection and/or monitoring of nonmethane hydrocarbons (NMHC) for an internal combustion engine. The system can include a main exhaust duct and a secondary exhaust line operative for exhaust gas to pass therethrough. The system has an oxidation catalyst and a main particulate filter located in line with the main exhaust duct. A monitoring particulate filter is also included and located within the secondary exhaust line. The secondary exhaust line and the monitoring particulate filter are located downstream from the main particulate filter.

Abstract: A particulate matter sensor includes a detection filter, a differential pressure detecting unit, an on-off valve, and a valve control unit. The detection filter is installed in an exhaust passage connected to an internal combustion engine and is configured to detect particulate matter contained in an exhaust gas passing through the exhaust passage. The differential pressure detecting unit is configured to detect a pressure difference between an upstream side and a downstream side of the detection filter. The on-off valve is installed on the upstream side of the detection filter in the exhaust passage and is configured to control a flow of the exhaust gas toward the detection filter. The valve control unit is configured to control the on-off valve to be opened and closed.

Abstract: A burner (18) is provided for use in a diesel exhaust gas treatment system (10) to treat an exhaust flow (12) from a diesel combustion process (14). The burner (18) includes an inner housing (34) defining a combustion flow path (40) to direct a first portion of the exhaust flow (12) through an ignition zone (42) wherein fuel is ignited, an outer housing (32) surrounding the inner housing (34) to define an annular bypass flow path (44) between the inner and outer housings (34, 32) to bypass a second portion of the exhaust flow (12) around the ignition zone (42), and a mixer (48) including a plurality of flow restrictor fingers (50) that extend across the bypass flow path (44) to restrict an available flow area of the bypass flow path (44), and a plurality of mixer fingers (52) having portions that extend inwardly from a location downstream from the inner housing (34).

Abstract: In an internal combustion engine, an NOX selective reduction catalyst (15) is arranged in an engine exhaust passage, an aqueous urea solution is fed to the NOX selective reduction catalyst (15) and the ammonia generated from the aqueous urea solution is made to be adsorbed at the NOX selective reduction catalyst (15), and the adsorbed ammonia is used to selectively reduce NOX. At the time the engine is stopped, when the ammonia adsorption amount at the NOX selective reduction catalyst (15) is smaller than a predetermined target amount of adsorption, the urea necessary for making the ammonia adsorption amount at the NOX selective reduction catalyst (15) the target amount of adsorption is fed to the NOX selective reduction catalyst (15) at the time the engine is stopped.

Abstract: A hydrocarbon and NOx trap and related apparatus and methods for reducing cold-start NOx emissions from an engine are provided. In one embodiment a trap includes a first, topmost layer, exposed to an exhaust gas flow path of exhaust gases from an engine, the first layer comprising a zeolite, a second layer, substantially covered by the top most layer, the second layer comprising a NOx adsorbing material and a monolithic substrate, directly supporting the second layer and indirectly supporting the first layer, the substrate providing a substantially rigid structure of the trap.

Abstract: An exhaust diagnostic system includes an exhaust gas temperature management module that selectively increases a temperature of a selective catalytic reduction (SCR) catalyst to a predetermined testing temperature range using an intrusive exhaust gas temperature management approach. An SCR efficiency testing module estimates an efficiency of the SCR catalyst while the temperature is within the predetermined temperature range.

Abstract: Modification of reductant (e.g., diesel exhaust fluid, DEF) tank location, for example during vehicle up-fitting may result in less than optimal operation of the DEF system due to inaccurate DEF system calibration. In one example approach, the above issue can be at least partially addressed by adjusting control system parameters for system control and diagnostics based on an input indicative of, or any modification to, the DEF tank location. In this way, DEF tank location flexibility is maintained, while also maintaining emission control and diagnostic accuracy.

Abstract: An exhaust gas treatment system includes an exhaust passage through which exhaust gas from an internal combustion engine is allowed to flow, a selective catalytic reduction catalyst provided in the exhaust passage, a mixing chamber provided upstream of the selective catalytic reduction catalyst in the exhaust passage as viewed in the direction of exhaust gas flow, a fuel injection valve for injection of fuel, an air injection valve for injection of air, and a urea water injection valve for injection of urea water. The fuel injection valve, the air injection valve and the urea water injection valve each has an injection port directed to the mixing chamber.

Abstract: A hydraulic drive system for an actuator uses a pair of pressure compensated hydraulic machines to control flow to and from the drive chambers of the actuator by varying the controlled pressure of one of the machines. The machines are mechanically coupled to permit energy recovery and charge an accumulator to store supplies energy. The drive system may be combined with other services including a transmission for incorporation in a vehicle. The transmission uses a pressure compensated supply and torque control of the wheels.

Abstract: Embodiments of the disclosure are directed to conversion of renewable energy such as solar, wind, falling water, wave and biomass resources into energy forms for practical transport by existing electricity and natural gas transport systems and includes embodiments for cyclic conversion of rectilinear forces into electricity wherein charged particles force a separate population of charged particles to flow in a separate circuit to create an electric current. Forces exerted at a first frequency are converted into cyclic electrical current at a frequency that is a multiple of the frequency of the forces. Similar arrangements are provided for conversion of rotary forces into electricity. Components of the disclosure can be manufactured at a high rate from very low cost materials with minimum energy requirements for the purpose of generation of low-cost electricity from linear motion engines and renewable forces such as ocean waves and flowing fluids such as water or air.

Abstract: Wave energy collecting device comprising an array of modules (1), each module comprising three pairs of buoyant members (4) arranged in a circular configuration, a tubular shaft connecting means (5) interconnecting each pair of buoyant members (4), a trilateral radial plank member (3) comprising three identical equidistantly spaced members located centrally within the circular configuration of the three pairs of buoyant members (4), each one of the three members of plank member (3) linearly connected to a member of the plank member (3) of an adjacent module (1) through an elastically loaded spring assembly (8) and perpendicularly connected with a pivotally hinged shaft (6a) of a corresponding tubular shaft connecting means (5).

Abstract: The present invention provides a Stirling engine employing a segmented, rotary displacer for producing mechanical energy from a heat source. The engine includes a rotor shaft rotatably positioned in the interior toroidal cavity with a segmented displacer mounted to the rotor shaft within the interior toroidal cavity.

Abstract: In a heat engine that utilizes the energy content of a warm medium by a better exploitation of the isochoric changes of state in a cycle process having six changes of state (two isobars, two isochores and two isotherms) it is possible by means of the presently disclosed embodiments to minimize the constructive complexity. The heat engine comprises at least one pair of heat exchangers having one condenser and one evaporator. At least one working medium transfer device is arranged between the condenser and the evaporator of the pair of heat exchangers. At least one working engine driven by the working medium is provided. A conduit is provided between the condenser and the working engine and another conduit is provided between the evaporator and the working engine. Valve means are arranged between the pair of heat exchangers and the working engine and selectively open and close a fluid communication between these.

Abstract: An EGR loop of an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle, comprising the engine (1), a combustion-gas exhaust manifold (2), a turbine (5) of a turbocharger (4), the exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) loop (8), with a cooler (9), a compressor (6) of the turbocharger (4), in order to receive a portion of the exhaust gases and of the cool air and in which the pressure of the mixture is increased, an inlet manifold (3) of the engine (1) in order to receive the air from the compressor (6), with a particle filter (7) for cleaning the exhaust gases downstream of the turbine (5) and a low-pressure, single-flap, three-way valve (10). The valve (10) is placed upstream of the compressor (6), connected thereto via its outlet (17) in order to receive, at its two inlets (15, 16), cool air and the cleaned and cooled exhaust gases.

Abstract: A two-stage turbocharging system with a high pressure (HP) turbine and a low pressure (LP) turbine, exhaust piping connecting an engine to the HP turbine inlet, exhaust piping connecting the HP turbine outlet to the LP turbine inlet, piping connecting the LP turbine outlet to an aftertreatment device, and branched bypass piping having an inlet and first and second branches, the inlet connected to the engine to HP turbine inlet exhaust piping, the first branch outlet connected to the LP turbine inlet, the second branch outlet connected to the aftertreatment device, and an R2S valve in the first branch and a warm-up valve in said second branch. By opening of the valve, exhaust gas can bypass both the HP and LP turbines and flow to, e.g., the catalytic converter. The R2S valve and the warm-up valve may be integrated into a single exhaust flow control unit.

Abstract: A closed loop system and method for extracting geothermal are disclosed. They do not fracture subterranean rock structures or let fluid into the structures or extract fluid from them, thereby lessening the risk of causing seismic disturbances and pollution of groundwater.

Abstract: A system and method for increasing the efficiency of an ocean thermal energy conversion (OTEC) system is described. In some examples, the system collects thermal energy using a solar collector, warms ocean water located within the solar collector, and provides the warmed water to an OTEC system, such as to a vaporizer of a heat engine. In some examples, the OTEC system provides electricity and other energy to another system, creating a cycle of sustainable economic development of energy and resources.

Abstract: A waste heat recovery system, method and device executes a thermodynamic cycle using a working fluid in a working fluid circuit which has a high pressure side and a low pressure side.

Abstract: An air separation unit is integrated with a power generating plant to improve the efficiency of power generation. The methods and systems improve the efficiency of power generation by utilizing liquid nitrogen from the air separation unit as the working fluid in a turbine. The liquid nitrogen is pressurized while in the liquid state. After warming the pressurized nitrogen stream by cooling the air for the air separator unit, the compressed nitrogen is expanded in a turbine to perform work. After expansion, the nitrogen is vented to ambient air. The nitrogen in its pressurized state can be used for energy storage and/or for smoothing out power demand on a power grid.

Abstract: A first portion of each of a plurality of Qu-type heat pipes is disposed in a hot gas path, and a second portion of each of the plurality of Qu-type heat pipes disposed away from the hot gas path. Also, the first portion of each of the plurality of Qu-type heat pipes extracts heat from the hot gas path and wherein the second portion of each of the plurality of Qu-type heat pipes creates a vapor that exits each second portion of the plurality of Qu-type heat pipes and away from the hot gas path.

Abstract: A waste heat recovery system, method and device executes a thermodynamic cycle using a working fluid in a working fluid circuit which has a high pressure side and a low pressure side.

Abstract: In one aspect of the present invention provides a direct evaporator apparatus for use in an organic Rankine cycle energy recovery system, comprising: (a) a housing comprising a heat source gas inlet, and a heat source gas outlet, said housing defining a heat source gas flow path from said inlet to said outlet; and (b) a heat exchange tube disposed entirely within said heat source flow path, said heat exchange tube being configured to accommodate an organic Rankine cycle working fluid, said heat exchange tube comprising a working fluid inlet and a working fluid outlet, said heat exchange tube defining three zones, a first zone adjacent to said heat source gas outlet, a second zone adjacent to said heat source gas inlet, and a third zone disposed between said first zone and said second zone, said working fluid inlet being in direct fluid communication with said first zone, and said working fluid outlet being in direct fluid communication with said third zone; wherein said first zone is not in direct fluid commu

Abstract: The present application thus provides a combustor. The combustor may include an interior flow path therethrough, a number of nozzles in communication with the interior flow path, and an inlet guide vane system positioned about the interior flow path to create a swirled flow therein.

Abstract: A premixer is provided for injecting premixed fuel-air mixture into the inlet of a combustion apparatus. In one embodiment, the premixer assembly comprises a plurality of concentric, aerodynamic injector rings, with radially-directed injection holes. The injection holes have a plurality of different diameters, facilitating good mixing over a broad power range. Due to configuration and hole sizes, the assembly is gas or liquid compatible. The radial, concentric injection formation allows for a short injection path.