Abstract: In one embodiment, a premixer is provided for use, e.g., with trapped vortex (TVC) combustors, that injects premixed fuel and air directly into the recirculating vortex, in a manner compatible with natural vortex flow in the cavity.

Abstract: In one embodiment, alternative combustion cavity layouts are provided for practicing fuel staging in a trapped vortex (TVC) combustion apparatus comprising an inlet premixer, for injecting fuel-air mixture into the inlet of the combustion apparatus and one or more vortex premixers, for injecting fuel-air mixture into the recirculating vortex within each of one or more trapped vortex cavities. A plurality of TVC cavities, may, for example, be laid out axially, radially, peripherally, internally, or in combinations of such arrangements. These layouts may be used in conjunction with a fuel staging method whereby the relative proportion of mixture introduced through the inlet and the respective vortex premixers can be varied as a function of operating conditions.

Abstract: A transition duct having a panel assembly with an inlet end of generally circular cross section and an outlet end having a generally rectangular arc-like cross section is disclosed. The panel assembly has an uncoated internal profile substantially in accordance with coordinate values X, Y, and Z as set forth in Table 1. The coordinates are taken at a sweep angle ? wherein ? is an angle measured from the inlet end and X, Y, and Z are coordinates define the panel assembly profile at each angle ?. An alternate embodiment of the invention defines an envelope for the uncoated internal profile of the panel assembly.

Abstract: A method of heat treating an Ni-base superalloy article is disclosed. The method includes hot-working an article comprising an NiCrMoNbTi superalloy comprising, in weight percent, at least about 55 Ni to produce a hot-worked microstructure; solution treating the article at a temperature of about 1600° F. to about 1750° F. for about 1 to about 12 hours to form a partially recrystallized warm-worked microstructure; and cooling the article. The method also includes precipitation aging the article at a first precipitation aging temperature of about 1300° F. to about 1400° F. for a first duration of about 4 hours to about 12 hours; cooling the article to a second precipitation aging temperature; precipitation aging the article at a second precipitation aging temperature of about 1150° F. to about 1200° F. for a second duration of about 4 hours to about 12 hours; and cooling the article from the second precipitation aging temperature to an ambient temperature.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a method is provided fuel staging for a trapped vortex (TVC) combustion apparatus comprising an inlet premixer, for injecting fuel-air mixture into the inlet of the combustion apparatus and a vortex premixer, for injecting fuel-air mixture into the recirculating vortex. The combustion apparatus may be part of an engine, such as a gas turbine engine. The method comprises varying the relative proportion of mixture introduced through the inlet and vortex premixers as a function of load.

Abstract: The method and apparatus for in-flight relighting of a turbofan engine involve in one aspect selectively controlling an accessory drag load on one or more windmilling rotors to permit control of the windmill speed to an optimum value for relight conditions.

Abstract: A bullhorn or support for a turbine combustor is provided. The support maintains proper positioning of the transition element relative to the combustor while also allowing for certain movements of the support to alleviate mechanical stresses during turbine operation. The support is constructed from at least two pieces having an interlocking and releasable connection.

Abstract: A magnetic refrigerator has reciprocated and rotated motions. The body of the apparatus has a nearly tubular shape and contains working pieces at corners, wherein the working pieces surround a shaft with permanent magnet. Compared with existing rotational models, the magnetic refrigerator of the present invention has a relative smaller volume, and the motion of the shaft will be back and forth. Furthermore, a torque eliminating device of the magnetic refrigerator will eliminate the reverse torque when the shaft is driven reverse so that improve cooling efficiency.

Abstract: The invention discloses a heat-power conversion magnetism device. The heat-power conversion magnetism device includes a magneto caloric effect material so that the magnetic filed thereof can be changed according to the temperature difference. The heat-power conversion magnetism device rotates by changing the magnetic filed of magneto caloric effect material. The magnetic field is enhanced with rotating permanent magnet.

Abstract: A heat exchanger may include a housing including an intake port through which air is introduced into the housing from outside, a seat inlet supplying air to a vehicle seat, and an exhaust port through which a portion of the air introduced from outside is exhausted from the housing to outside, a blower unit mounted inside the housing and operated by a first motor to supply the air introduced into the housing through the intake port, out of the housing through the seat inlet, and a thermoelectric element disposed between the intake port and the seat inlet and heat-controlling the air introduced into the housing through the intake port.

Abstract: A heating and cooling apparatus for a vehicle seat, may include a blower blowing air into a duct leading to the vehicle seat, and a thermoelectric element assembly connected to the duct and including a thermoelectric element that heats or cools air introduced toward the vehicle seat from the duct, the thermoelectric element having condensed water passages penetrating from one side to the other side thereof to allow condensed water to flow therethrough.

Abstract: A heating and cooling system for a vehicle seat, may include a housing having an air supply port through which air communicates with the vehicle seat and an air exhaust hole through which air communicates with the outside of the housing, a thermoelectric element located in the housing between the air supply port and the air exhaust hole to selectively heat or cool air, which is directed toward the air supply port or the air exhaust hole, and a first blower fan provided in the air supply port to communicate air between the vehicle seat and the thermoelectric element.

Abstract: A heating and cooling system for a vehicle seat, may include a heat exchanger cooling or heating air before the air is introduced into the seat, and a blower blowing air toward the heat exchanger, wherein the heat exchanger includes a positive temperature coefficient element assembly provided inside a housing of the heat exchanger to heat the air supplied from the blower, and wherein the positive temperature coefficient element assembly operates in a case of heating the seat but does not operate in a case of cooling the seat.

Abstract: A regenerative refrigerator includes a compressor compressing working fluid; a cylinder fed with the compressed working fluid, containing a regenerator material, and having an expansion space; and a rotary valve to switch a first passage and a second passage formed to cause the working fluid to flow from the compressor to the expansion space and from the expansion space to the compressor, respectively. The working fluid expands in the expansion space to generate cold temperatures in the cylinder. The rotary valve includes a valve body having a first flat surface; and a valve plate having a second flat surface and configured to rotate with the first and second flat surfaces in surface contact. One of the first and second flat surfaces has an arithmetic average roughness of 0.1 ?m to 0.9 ?m. The other one of the first and second flat surfaces includes resin.

Abstract: A vehicular air conditioner includes cabin-exterior fans that blow air with respect to a cabin-exterior heat exchanger in which a coolant is vaporized, and a plurality of openable/closable shutters disposed in a duct that communicates between the cabin-exterior heat exchanger and the exterior of the vehicle. On an upper portion of the duct, a cover is formed that covers the cabin-exterior heat exchanger, which is disposed rearwardly of the shutters, and an upper region of the radiator. Additionally, air that is raised in temperature by heat from the engine passes between the cover and both the cabin-exterior heat exchanger and the radiator, and is guided toward a forward side of the vehicle.

Abstract: One exemplary embodiment of a method includes removing an automotive part from a stretch forming machine. The method also includes spraying a coolant over at least a portion of an exterior surface of the automotive part in order to cool the automotive part to a lower temperature so that the automotive part is nonmalleable and is not as susceptible to the forces of gravity as it might otherwise be.

Abstract: A portable recovery unit for automatically filling a background tank of blended refrigerant includes a main tank for holding recovered refrigerant from a vehicle A/C system which has a first chemical composition, and an auxiliary tank for holding an auxiliary supply of fresh refrigerant which has a second refrigerant composition. The auxiliary tank is arranged in fluid communication with the main tank so that fluid can be transferred from the auxiliary tank to the main tank. An electronic controller controls the flow of fluid from the auxiliary tank to the main tank. A refrigerant identifier is coupled to the main tank to sample and analyze the refrigerant in the main tank in order to determine the chemical composition of the refrigerant in the main tank, so the refrigerant in the main tank can be purified to an acceptable level based on that analysis.

Abstract: Dehumidifiers for high temperature operation and associated systems and methods are disclosed. A method in accordance with a particular embodiment includes drawing air into a dehumidifier and automatically monitoring an electric current drawn by a refrigerant compressor of the dehumidifier. The method can further include automatically stopping the compressor in response to the current meeting or exceeding a predetermined threshold value, and automatically restarting the compressor in response to the compressor meeting a predetermined condition that includes or corresponds to a target pressure difference between refrigerant pressures upstream and downstream of the compressor. The predetermined condition, in at least some embodiments, includes the passage of a period of time sufficient to allow refrigerant pressures upstream and downstream of the compressor to come within a preselected range of each other.

Abstract: A refrigerant dryer, in particular a compressed air refrigerant dryer, is provided for drying a gaseous fluid while cooling the gaseous fluid using a refrigerant. The dryer includes a pressure fluid-refrigerant agent-heat exchanger (30) in which a cooling of the gaseous fluid takes place directly or indirectly by a refrigerant conveyed in a primary loop (16), one or more refrigerant compressor/compressors (24) for operating the primary loop, and a cold accumulator (13) with an accumulator-side heat exchanger (20) which couples an accumulator discharge fluid to a cold accumulator medium (14). The pressure fluid-refrigerant agent-heat exchanger (30) and the cold accumulator (13) are fluidically connected or can be brought into fluidic connection via a discharge loop (15) for an accumulator discharge fluid.

Abstract: Disclosed are a method and device for a refrigerant-based thermal storage system wherein a condensing unit and an ice-tank heat exchanger can be isolated through a second heat exchanger. The disclosed embodiments provide a refrigerant-based ice storage system with increased reliability, lower cost components, and reduced power consumption compared to non-isolated systems.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a linear compressor, and more particularly, to a linear compressor which supplies a necessary cooling capacity through a natural cooling capacity modulation and a forcible cooling capacity modulation, and a cooling system using the same. The linear compressor according to the present invention includes a compression space into which refrigerant is sucked, a movable member which linearly reciprocates to compress the refrigerant sucked into the compression space, one or more springs which are installed to elastically support the movable member in a motion direction of the movable member, a motor unit which includes a motor and a capacitor connected in series to the motor so as to make the movable member linearly reciprocate, and a motor control unit which performs a natural cooling capacity modulation according to a load by reciprocation of the movable member.

Abstract: Liquid refrigerant (1) is flashed-off by ultrasonic vibrations and/or diffuser plate (5) into saturated vapour that is static pressure reduced/velocity increased by the converging inlet tract and volute of turbine (4). The turbine wheel expansion cools (***) this saturated vapour—less a turbine efficiency loss heating effect and powers compressor (7). The % age free work of compressor (7) is the product of the efficiencies of turbine (4) and compressor (7). Valve (2) controls pump-down, superheat via sensors (10) & (11). Valve (16) controls hot gas bypass/turbine speed via sonic sensor (9). Compressor (13) can be any type of compressor with reduced compression and motor speed—horsepower reducing 55 to 75% plus. Exact required speed of an automobile A/C compressor is obtained via the belt drive.

Abstract: An air conditioning apparatus includes a heat source unit, a first utilization unit, a second utilization unit, a refrigerant communication pipe and a control section. The heat source unit includes a heat source side compressor, a heat source side heat exchanger and a heat source side expansion mechanism. The first utilization unit includes a first utilization side compressor, a first utilization side heat exchanger and a first utilization side expansion mechanism. The second utilization unit includes a second utilization side compressor, a second utilization side heat exchanger and a second utilization side expansion mechanism. The control section is configured to control the first utilization side compressor and the first utilization side expansion mechanism in accordance with operation load of the first utilization unit, and to control the second utilization side compressor and the second utilization side expansion mechanism in accordance with operation load of the second utilization unit.

Abstract: An air conditioning system for a passenger transit vehicle includes a rooftop mounted air conditioning module that has a low profile airflow management arrangement on the passenger compartment side of the roof of the vehicle for discharging air from and returning air to the evaporator section on the exterior side of the rooftop of the vehicle.

Abstract: A condensate pump for an HVAC system includes a reservoir for collecting condensate water, a pump motor connected to an impeller pump for pumping the condensate water out of the reservoir, and a floatless pump control module. The floatless pump's microcontroller detects the water level in the reservoir and, based on the water level in the reservoir, controls the operation of the pump motor, and if necessary, sounds an alarm and shuts down the HVAC system. The floatless pump microcontroller may employ an ultrasonic transducer or capacitance sensors to detect the level of condensate water in the reservoir. The microcontroller implements a variable water lift feature to pump the water using the lowest possible speed for the pump. The microcontroller implements a self-cleaning feature to pump stagnant water out of the reservoir and to pulse water in the drain line and the agitation of the water in the reservoir.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a subassembly for a refrigerating and/or freezing apparatus, wherein the subassembly comprises at least one air inlet and at least one air outlet and wherein at least one air guidance device is provided in the subassembly, by means of which air can be guided into the subassembly from the air inlet to the air outlet. Moreover, the invention relates to an assembly for a refrigerating and/or freezing apparatus and a refrigerating and/or freezing apparatus.

Abstract: A replacement basin for a refrigerated counter having an integral basin and a method of installing that replacement basin is disclosed. Upon removing of the existing integral basin, the replacement basin may be mounted to the refrigerated counter, connected to the counter's existing refrigeration system, and then used to support one or more removable product filled bins or containers.

Abstract: A heat pump type hot-water heater includes a hot-water tank, a heat pump cycle for heating hot water, a partition plate which divides an interior of the hot-water tank into an upper space and a lower space, a hot-water supply heat exchanger which exchanges heat of water with heat of hot water in the hot-water tank to produce high temperature hot water, a hot water supply pump which sends hot water in the hot-water tank to the hot-water supply heat exchanger, a heating terminal which heats a room, and a heating pump which sends hot water in the hot-water tank to the heating terminal.

Abstract: A refrigeration system includes a first portion having a primary loop and a secondary loop operably coupled by a first chiller, The primary loop circulates a refrigerant through the first chiller to provide cooling to a coolant in the secondary loop. The secondary loop has a supply portion and a return portion, the supply portion circulates the coolant to one or more temperature-controlled storage devices operating at a first temperature. A second portion has a primary loop and at least one secondary loop operably coupled by the second chiller. The primary loop circulates a refrigerant through the second chiller to provide cooling to coolant in the secondary loop. The secondary loop has a supply portion and a return portion, the supply portion circulates the coolant to one or more temperature-controlled storage devices operating at a second temperature. The return portion of the secondary loop of the first portion and the return portion of the secondary loop of the second portion share a common return header.

Abstract: A machine for dispensing blended iced beverages is characterized by a cabinet for storing a plurality of supplies of beverage ingredients and a refrigeration system for chilling an interior of the cabinet to chill the beverage ingredient supplies. A duct extends between the cabinet interior and a remote point of delivery of the beverage ingredients and a tubing bundle extends from the supplies and through the duct to the delivery point to deliver beverage ingredients from the supplies to the delivery point. The interior of the duct is chilled to chill the tubing bundle and beverage ingredients in the tubing bundle, so that chilled beverage ingredients are always provided to the point of delivery, even when the machine is idle for an extended period of time. Various techniques are provided for chilling the interior of the duct.

Abstract: A multi-purpose ice holding assembly is disclosed for the making and storing of ice. Parts of the assembly include an external chamber, a bucket that inserts snugly into the external chamber and a lid for closing the assembly. Pockets for the forming of ice may be formed in the external chamber or the internal bucket, depending on the embodiment. The device may also be used for the serving of ice, as well as the chilling of wine bottles and other cold beverage containers.

Abstract: The embodiment relates to an air conditioner. The air conditioner includes: a compressor that compresses a refrigerant; a condenser that condenses the refrigerant compressed in the compressor; an expander that expands the refrigerant condensed in the condenser; an evaporator that evaporates the refrigerant expanded in the expander; a bypass pipe that bypasses the refrigerant discharged from the condenser to an inlet side of the compressor; a refrigerant heating apparatus that heats the refrigerant flowing in the bypass pipe; and a valve that controls the refrigerant flowing in the bypass pipe, wherein the refrigerant heating apparatus includes: a refrigerant pipe in which the refrigerant flows; and a heating unit that is provided on an outer surface of the refrigerant pipe and has a carbon nanotube heating element that is heat-generated by itself by a supplied power.

Abstract: In an ejector, a refrigerant passage of a nozzle for decompressing and expanding refrigerant includes a throat portion in which a refrigerant passage sectional area is most reduced, a first taper portion arranged downstream of the throat portion to gradually enlarge the refrigerant passage sectional area, a second taper portion arranged downstream of the first taper portion to gradually enlarge the refrigerant passage sectional area, and an end taper portion arranged in a range from an outlet side of the second taper portion to a refrigerant jet port to gradually enlarge the refrigerant passage sectional area. Furthermore, a second expanding angle at the outlet side of the second taper portion is larger than the first expanding angle at the outlet side of the first taper portion, and an end expanding angle at the outlet side of the end taper portion is smaller than the second expanding angle.

Abstract: A wearable fitness system comprising a bracelet, a timer, one or more movable indicators, and one or more fitness-related indicia visible on the bracelet.

Abstract: A jewelry wire ring is disclosed that includes a band member and an interchangeable member. The band member is a multi-segmented arrangement of gold/silver wires intertwined together to form helical rope structure. The interchangeable member has an ornamental configuration adapted to represent a crown of the ring. The interchangeable member includes a channel section adapted to circumvolve along the helical elements of the band to define a locking and/or unlocking position of the ring.

Abstract: The present invention involves the use of Iridium to at least partially fabricate jewelry or to create an entire piece of jewelry such as finger rings, watches, watch bands, toe rings, chains, bracelets, bands, jewel settings, charms, necklaces, hair pins, brooches, earrings and other jewelry items worn for personal adornment.

Abstract: A security apparatus is disclosed. The security apparatus comprises an attachment device comprising a base, and a locking head configured to secure to the base. The attachment device can be small and strong. The locking head can have a securing element and a locking component, associated with a housing. The locking head may be in a secured configuration upon a single motion or movement of the locking head.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for enhancing the security of a cluster box unit which includes a protective enclosure, internal cabinetry, door, hinge and locking system. The cluster box unit may also include outgoing mail compartment doors that are heavily constructed and rigidly reinforced, with the locks carried thereon protectively shielded, and with the extensible bolts of these locks being engaged by brackets that not only lock the outgoing mail compartment doors but also the master loading doors of the cluster box units. The cluster box unit may also include master loading doors are provided with hinges that extend the full height of the doors—hinges that are defined by pivotally interfitting elements of extrusions that very sturdily mount the master loading doors, that prevent prying or bending the doors in the vicinities of their hinges.

Abstract: A car burglar proof assembly with the functions of positioning and fixedness comprises an outer tube; the outer tube being installed with a core barrel; a telescopic inner tube; the inner tube can be telescopically inserted into the outer tube and being formed with a plurality of lock holes; a lock structure installed in the core barrel of the outer tube; the lock structure including a lock core, a buckle, a spring and a positioning unit; a lower side of the lock core being installed with the buckle; a lower side of the buckle being installed with the positioning unit which can be positioned into the lock hole of the inner tube; the spring being installed between the buckle and the positioning unit; and center of the positioning unit being formed with a penetrating hole for passing through a cylinder of the buckle.

Abstract: A multistage lock apparatus has a base, a disk holder, two selecting devices, two disk sets and at least one interfering element. The base has a mounting panel and a central tube. The disk holder is connected to the base and has a mounting beam, two extending beams, a middle beam, a connecting beam and two mounting spaces. The selecting devices are rotatably connected to the base. The disk sets are respectively mounted on the selecting devices in the mounting specs of the disk holder and each disk set has a driving disk and at least one driven disk. The at least one interfering element is mounted securely on the disk holder and each of the at least one interfering element has a mounting tab and two elastic panels.

Abstract: The invention relates a bending angle detection apparatus in which labor required for a work of bending a plate can be reduced. According to the invention, a bending angle detection apparatus (50) has a sensor ring L (64), a holder (62), bearings (70), the motor body of a servomotor (60), and a rotation angle sensor (102). The sensor ring L (64) produces a signal corresponding to whether the apparatus is contacted with a blade member plate or not. The holder (62) and the bearings (70) rotatably connect the sensor ring L (64) to a bending machine. The motor body of the servomotor (60) drives the sensor ring L (64) so that it is rotated. The rotation angle sensor (102) detects the rotation angle of the sensor ring L (64). In addition, the holder (62) and the bearings (70) connect the sensor ring L (64) to the bending machine so that the rotation axis of the blade member plate in the case where the bending machine bends the blade member plate coincides with that of the sensor ring L (64).

Abstract: The method of the present invention includes: a first blasting step of carrying out blasting of the surface of a metal base material, such as a shower head or a processing container, by using a blasting material composed of a non-sublimable material (e.g. alumina); and a second blasting step of carrying out blasting of the surface of the metal base material, which has undergone the first blasting step, by using a blasting material composed of a sublimable material (e.g. dry ice). The first blasting step properly roughens the surface of the metal base material so that a film, which adheres to the surface during film-forming processing, hardly peels off. In addition, the second blasting step almost fully removes the residual non-sublimable blasting material adhering to the surface of the metal base material, thereby preventing the generation of particles deriving from the residual non-sublimable blasting material falling off the metal base material.

Abstract: The inventive method involves deforming the extremities of a plate, which has a rectangular edge and is disposed between the working surface of strikers, by ultrasonic forging with the aid of the strikers, simultaneously moving the plate in a transverse direction with respect to the longitudinal axes of the strikers and turning the strikers. Each striker is provided with a groove with a curvilinear generatrix which is made on the surface thereof with a variable radius R. The width of the plate is reduced by a value ?=R(1??/4), wherein R is the variable radius value at a point where the ultrasonic forging of the plate is carried out. The circumferential speed Vcirc.S of the striker rotation is chosen, during the plate displacement, as to correspond to the above-mentioned relationship. In the device, the circumferential speed of the striker rotation is synchronised with the plate displacement velocity. The groove of the striker is designed with the variable radius R.

Abstract: A set of tooling for a progressive forming machine comprising die and tool units having internal complementary cavity portions for receiving a workpiece, one of said units being arranged to slide a limited distance along its axis and to be biased by a spring force towards the other unit when the units are mounted in the forming machine, the units each having an end face with a smooth surface finish adapted to press against the smooth surface finish of the end face of the other unit, the end face area of one of the units being relatively small compared to its major cross-sectional area whereby a high contact pressure between the end faces is obtained for a given spring bias force such that extrusion/cooling oil coating a workpiece received in the cavity portions is restrained from leakage from the cavity portions across said end faces during a hydrostatic trapped extrusion of the workpiece in the die and tool units whereby the die and tool units are capable of shaping the workpiece to a degree beyond limits of

Abstract: A rolling plant has a reversible rolling mill with two stands. Each upright of the stands rests on a support structure via a bearing surface and is fastened thereto by a bolt or shank integral with the structure and cooperating with the upright via a removable fastening device. The bearing surface of each upright is provided on the lower face of the upright, without extending beyond the lateral faces directed along the rolling direction of the uprights, and is formed with a hole opening into a hollow housing provided in the upright and having an orifice opening onto a lateral face of the upright. The bolt or shank extends through the hole and projects into the housing, and the removable fastening device is placed inside the housing.

Abstract: Expanded metal sheets are used to produce tubular filters. The expanded metal sheet has a multiplicity of rows of openings arranged to reduce nesting when the sheet is rolled on itself. In particular, the pitch between the rows of openings, the sizes of the openings, or both the pitch between the rows of openings and the sizes of the openings are varied to reduce nesting when the expanded metal sheet is rolled on itself. The filters can include external circumferential grooves, rounded corners produced by a point loading process, textured surfaces between openings, and/or torturous internal paths produced by non-perforated areas of an expanded metal sheet. The expanded metal sheet can be composed of carbon steel coated with a material having a higher heat conductivity, e.g., tin. Among other things, the filters can be used in automobile airbag inflators to capture slag and absorb heat produced by the inflator's explosive charge.

Abstract: Disclosed is a device for producing molded articles, comprising two cross members that are interconnected using tie rods. At least one cross member (11, 12) has an annular section accommodating a pressing module. At least one passage (30) is formed between at least two supporting blocks (3) which allow the distance between the cross members (11, 12) to be adjusted.

Abstract: Forming processes such as hot creep forming or superplastic deformation require a die former. This die former comprises a lower die and an upper die within which an initial roughly shaped component is placed and then shaped by downward pressure between the die parts. Previous arrangements have included a simple stop to engage edges of the component to define position. In use, due to the nature of the forming process, movement of the component can occur, and in such circumstances it may be necessary for the operator to adjust the position of the component during the forming process. By utilising pegs about the periphery at least of leading and trailing edges of a component a better edge definition is created, thereby reducing the requirement for interim positioning of the component in use.

Abstract: Methods of calibrating a fluid analyzer for use in a wellbore are described. An example method of generating calibration data for a fluid analyzer for use in a downhole tool involves lowering a downhole tool including a fluid analyzer to a location in a wellbore, measuring, via the fluid analyzer, a characteristic value of a calibration fluid or a vacuum while the fluid analyzer is at the location, obtaining an expected characteristic value for the calibration fluid or the vacuum at the location, and comparing the measured characteristic value to the expected characteristic value to generate a calibration value for the fluid.

Abstract: A material transport and event control in systems with piezoelectrically activated droplet emission including a device for metering a material into a carrier matrix, having a carrier matrix source (0) supplying a carrier matrix, a supply vessel (1) filled with the material in preferably liquid form, a metering unit (3, 4) including a metering chamber (4), disposed downstream of the carrier matrix source and a metering head (3 disposed downstream of the supply vessel and configured preferably for piezoelectrically activated droplet emission, the carrier matrix being supplied to the metering chamber from the carrier matrix source, and the material being supplied to the metering head from the supply vessel, being emitted via the metering head into the metering chamber and consequently being metered into the carrier matrix, including a pressure control device configured to control the pressure in the supply vessel (1) and/or the pressure in the metering unit.