Abstract: A T-shaped fixing is formed of a first strip of plated steel providing a T-head limb and a second strip providing a T-stem limb. The limbs are connected by folding the steel double at one edge of the T-head strip and them folding the steel at right angles at the line joining the two limbs. To one side of the stem limb, the line is provided with a series of punched apertures to which pins are fitted. To the other side of the line, the head limb is provided with apertures for screw or rivet fixing of the fixing. The stem limb can also be provided with apertures. For use in insulating a square section duct, its corners are provided with fixings, with flanges having the pin apertures extending downwards at the lower corners and outwards at the upper corners.

Abstract: In a method in the use of a construction-time elevator, at least two lifts are performed. In each of the lifts, the supporting platform is lifted higher in the elevator hoistway with the hoisting device supported by the support structure so as to extend the operating range of the elevator car to reach higher in the elevator hoistway. A second support structure and a second hoisting device, which are above the support structure, are used between the lifts of the supporting platform, for moving the working platform in the elevator hoistway under construction between the second support structure and the support structure, and for lifting the support structure upwards in the elevator hoistway.

Abstract: A method for treating a main surface of a plank including applying a system of grooves or scratches in the surface; and applying a protective agent or filling agent into the grooves. The grooves are applied by applying saw cuts into the main surface using a rather coarse saw, for instance a circular saw, a band saw or a chain saw.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for setting tiles on a substrate to which adhesive material has been applied. The method includes disposing a plurality of tiles on the substrate in a pattern comprising a plurality of substantially parallel rows of tiles, where each of the rows comprises a plurality of tiles in a side-by-side relationship. The method further comprises the step of inserting horizontal alignment strips of a compressible, semi-rigid material between the rows of tiles in the pattern to define spaces between the tiles in adjacent rows. The method further comprises the step of installing vertical alignment tabs of a compressible, semi-rigid material between the tiles in each row to define spaces between the tiles in each row. The disclosed method substantially increases the speed at which tile setting may be accomplished.

Abstract: A jig is provided for use in cutting synthetic shingles or tiles, as comprising a table and a clamping bar, with fasteners securing the clamping bar to the table for clamping a shingle or tile between the table and the bar, with the bar being used as a guide for sliding a cutting tool therealong, at any of an infinite number of angles, for making an infinite number of angled cuts to the shingle or tile. The table may be constructed having a base with a frame, and a removable and replaceable insert.

Abstract: The present invention concerns an insulation building system comprising an assembly having at least one frame profile, a plurality of joining profiles and insulation panels, wherein the insulation panels are retained between the joining profiles.

Abstract: Structural building components and a method of constructing the same enable improved beams that can be constructed at a place of use. The method includes providing a first flange (16) and a second flange (18) defining a central beam axis (55). A number of separately formed web sections (12) are provided, each having two convergent side walls (42) and a central wall (40) extending between converging ends of the side walls (42). The web sections (12) are arranged side by side in an alternating arrangement wherein the central walls (40) of adjacent web sections (12) are spaced substantially parallel to each other and are transversely staggered relative to the central beam axis (55). The side walls of adjacent web sections (12) are connected to one another, and the web sections (12) are connected to both the first flange (16) and second flange (18).

Abstract: A padding machine (1) for packaging substantial products, particularly cucumbers and the like, comprising, on a supporting frame (2), a carousel assembly (3) for the advancement of containers (4) and the like, the machine further comprising, on the carousel assembly (3), at each container (4), a positioning pad (20) for centering the products that over-flow laterally from the mouth of the container (4) and a packing pad (30) for inserting the products in the container (4).

Abstract: A packaging apparatus is provided that sequentially advances rows of pockets formed in plastic sheet to a drop system where preselected medications or small articles are dropped into pockets and sealed to form an easily managed packet array.

Abstract: The invention provides a method for single-step terminal sterilization process for bio-active heparin coatings on materials and biomaterials containing heparin used in medical devices, such as catheters, tissue engineering scaffolds, or drug delivery carrier materials. This may include any medical device or implantable that could benefit from improved antithrombotic and biocompatible heparin surfaces. Other relevant device examples may include heparin or a heparin derivative coated stents to reduce clotting and restenosis, dental or ophthalmological implants. These materials may comprise additional polymeric compositions such as polyethyleneimine, dextran sulfate or their modified forms. These polymers together with heparin coatings may be applied to other substrate of medical devices such as metal, ceramics or biologically derived materials.

Abstract: Apparatus for molding and filling a device having a body defining an opening in communication with an interior chamber for receiving a substance therein, and a closure including a penetrable and resealable portion for sealing the opening and substance received in the device. A mold includes within the aseptic chamber plural mold cavities shaped to form the closure and body, and substantially sterile surfaces extending about and contiguous to the peripheries of the mold cavities. An assembly device including end-of-arm tooling having an engaging portion engageable with each of the body and closure is movable relative to the mold to engage and de-mold the substantially sterile closures and bodies from the mold cavities. Flexible barriers are coupled to the mold and the tool to substantially prevent the passage of contaminants from the molding machine and tool therethrough.

Abstract: A packaging apparatus and method are provided for depositing pills into a container. At least one cylindrical rotary slat is rotatable about a longitudinal axis and includes a radially inward portion defining a plurality of pill apertures. Each pill aperture receives a pill from a plurality of pills in an interior space of the respective cylinder at a first angular position of the rotary slat. A negative pressure system applies a negative pressure to the pill apertures to retain the pills therein as the rotary slat rotates at least from the first to a second angular position. An ejection mechanism ejects the pills from the respective pill apertures toward the interior space at the second angular position. A collection mechanism disposed adjacent to the radially inward portion of the rotary slat about the second angular position collects the ejected pills and directs the pills toward the container for deposition therein.

Abstract: Systems and methods for vacuum compensation in hot-filled and cooled containers. Each container reduces, via one or more vacuum panels, a first portion of a vacuum created in the container. Each container also has a repositionable portion to reduce a second portion of the vacuum. During hot-filling, no portion of the repositionable portion extends below a standing or bearing surface of the container.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of isolating column loading and mitigating deformation of shaped metal vessels, the method comprising forming a cylindrical metal tube into a shaped metal vessel, the shaped metal vessel comprising a sealed end, an open end, and an integral carry ring proximate the open end. Column load is isolated between the open end and the carry ring by supporting the shaped metal vessel by the carry ring. The shaped metal vessel is sealed with a closure, wherein deformation of the shaped metal vessel between the sealed end and the carry ring due to column load is minimized during application of the closure.

Abstract: A carton blank (10) for forming a container, and comprising a row of body portion forming panels (P1-P5) arranged side-by-side, the boundaries between said panels (P1-P5) being defined by respective, substantially straight boundary lines of weakness (S1-S4) extending from top to bottom of said panels (P1-P5) substantially perpendicularly to said row, two adjacent boundary lines of weakness (S-S4) each having disposed at one side thereof a supplemental line of weakness (S11, S12, S21, S22, S31, S32, S31?, S32?, S41, S42), each supplemental line of weakness (S11, S12, S21, S22, S31, S32, S41, S42) being substantially the length of a panel (P1-P5).

Abstract: A three-piece pocket-size container for holding a consumer product such as smokeless tobacco product in an interior volume of a perimeter band which has a base locked to a lower rim portion and an openable cover on an upper rim of the perimeter band. When closed, the cover, the perimeter band and the base form a flush exterior sidewall of the container. The base and cover can be metal and the perimeter band can be transparent (clear, tinted or colored) or opaque plastic to provide a container that maintains product freshness, and is easily opened and closed.

Abstract: Distorted fragments having a variety of configurations and methods for making such distorted fragments is provided which, because of its increased bulk, can also be used as packing materials, decorative grasses, an animal bedding, cat litter, mulch for soil and a media for plants. The distorted fragments can be produced by extrusion and the extrudate is distorted while in a semi-solid state.

Abstract: Air filter assemblies and components therefor are described. The air filter assembly typically includes an air filter cartridge. Air filter cartridges including a media pack comprising at least a first stack of single facer strips are described. In examples described, at least a portion of the first stack of single facer strips is arcuate. Air filter assemblies are characterized that are configured, for example, to advantageously use such air filter cartridges. Example air filter assemblies are described that include pulse jet air cleaning systems.

Abstract: Disclosed are coalescer systems for coalescing a liquid phase dispersed in a gas phase. The disclosed systems include a filter element which, when installed in the system, contacts and moves a valve to an open drainage position to permit flow of liquid through the system. In the disclosed systems, the filter element and valve also are configured such that under excess pressure conditions the valve permits the gas phase to bypass filter media of the filter element. In particular, the disclosed coalescer systems may be utilized in a CV system in order to remove oil mist from gas in the CV system.

Abstract: A separator for liquids, in particular condensate, from liquid-loaded compressed gases-generally serves, by coarse separation of condensate from the compressed gases, to protect downstream prefilters of cold dryers or adsorption dryers against overload due to condensate. In the separator of the invention, in a pot-shaped housing, a separator element in the form of a hollow cylinder is arranged, which consists of a multiplicity of flow chicanes formed from guiding bodies and impact bodies. The moisture-loaded gases are passed from the interior of the hollow cylinder to the exterior via these flow chicanes, condensate separating off on the chicanes and collecting in the collecting space.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for providing improved lubrication of a spline connection between a PTO driver and a bevel gearbox in which lubricant from the bevel gear housing is directed to a location above and radially outwardly from the splined connection and the apparatus then directs the lubricant flow toward the splined connection by force of gravity. The apparatus is configured to be self-aligning when installed in an existing receptacle in the gearbox housing thereby enabling the apparatus to be conveniently installed in a housing designed to utilize gearbox lubricant to lubricate the splines.

Abstract: An apparatus for removing plant material from a vine. The apparatus generally comprises a support frame, a pair of counter-rotating wheels, and a vine stripping component. In an embodiment, the vine stripping component includes interchangeable stripping dies. In an additional embodiment, the apparatus is incorporated in a mobile harvesting unit. The invention further includes a method for removing plant material from vines.

Abstract: A cutting platform for use with an agricultural harvesting machine includes at least one platform section having a frame, a plurality of float arms movably coupled with the frame, an endless belt carried by the plurality of float arms, a cutterbar assembly carried by the plurality of float arms, and a plurality of crop ramps extending from the cutterbar assembly. The plurality of crop ramps are movable relative to each other and overly a leading edge of the endless belt. The endless belt and the cutterbar assembly are movable in a localized manner across the cutting platform in upwards and downwards directions.

Abstract: A cotton picking machine comprises a chassis for moving the machine in a traveling direction, a vacuum pump provided to create a predetermined vacuum and a cotton picking unit including a cotton picking head supported by the chassis. The cotton picking head includes upper and lower vacuum compartments both in fluid communication with the vacuum pump and connecting tubes vertically extending between the upper and lower vacuum compartments and movable along a predetermined endless path so as to be in sliding contact with the upper and lower vacuum compartments at the corresponding distal ends thereof. Each of the connecting tubes includes a set of hollow picking fingers radially outwardly extending therefrom. The predetermined endless path includes an extracting zone and an inoperative zone. The connecting tubes fluidly connect the upper and lower vacuum compartments only when the connecting tubes pass the extracting zone of the predetermined endless path.

Abstract: A chopping assembly for a harvesting implement having a blade assembly, a housing, and a guide. The blade assembly is disposed within the housing and the guide directs cornstalks toward an input port on the housing. The blade assembly not only cuts the cornstalk from its root but also chops the stalk into stover. A fluid dynamic force is created by the blade assembly to direct the stover with the aid of the housing to an output port.

Abstract: A corn head includes plural pairs of first and second laterally spaced rotating stalk rolls each having outer fluting and plural outer arrays of spaced knife members extending along the length of each stalk roll. Corn stalks are directed by rotating pick-up cones each disposed forward of a respective stalk roll into the space between adjacent stalk rolls, where the stalks are directed downwardly through the inter-roll space and are reduced by the cutting action of the rotating knives. Each pick-up cone and its associated stalk roll rotate in opposite directions as do the two stalk rolls. Disposed above and extending along the length of the stalk rolls are a closely spaced upper auger and stripper plate which remove an ear of corn from the stalk and direct the ear to the combine for further processing. A skid plate is disposed adjacent a lower, forward portion of each pick-up cone.

Abstract: A harvesting machine includes a harvesting header with a header frame, a cutterbar assembly attached to the header frame along the length thereof and configured to cut a crop, and a draper assembly positioned behind the cutterbar assembly. The draper assembly includes a center draper that delivers crop material to a feeder house of the harvesting machine and oppositely spaced side drapers that deliver crop material to the center draper. The center draper includes a draper frame swingably supported on the header frame at a pivot to project forwardly therefrom and a draper belt supported on the draper frame to present a rearwardly moving run for conveying the crop rearwardly. The center draper includes a counterbalance mechanism coupled between the header and draper frames to counteract the weight of the center draper about the pivot.

Abstract: A grass trimming device includes a handle, a drive shaft driven by a drive unit and rotatably mounted on a cutting head-mounting end of the handle to swing a grass cutting member which extends radially from the cutting head-mounting end, and a safety shield mounted on the cutting head-mounting end, and having a shielding major wall which extends radially to shield a circumferential sweeping area of the cutting member, and which terminates at a peripheral marginal region. The shielding major wall has a cutout section extending from the peripheral marginal region radially and inwardly to terminate at a bordering edge. A guard unit extends cantileveredly from the bordering edge and radially and outwardly of the circumferential sweeping area so as to guard the cutting member against getting closer to undesired object.

Abstract: The invention relates to a turbomachine combustion chamber including at least one ignition plug carried by an outer casing and extending within guide means carried by a wall of the chamber, said wall forming a body of revolution, and including a tubular guide having the plug passing axially therethrough and mounted with axial and transverse clearance on a chimney fastened to the wall of the chamber and opening out into the chamber, the guide extending at least in part in an air flow stream outside the chamber. The guide means comprise a deflector surrounding the portion of the guide that is situated in the air flow stream so as to reduce the aerodynamic pressure on the guide and reduce the contact pressure of the guide on the plug.

Abstract: The invention relates to a turbomachine combustion chamber including at least one ignition spark plug carried by an outer casing and extending in guide means carried by a wall of the chamber, the wall forming a body of revolution, the guide means comprising a tubular guide having the spark plug passing axially therethrough and mounted with axial and transverse clearance on a chimney fastened to the wall of the chamber and opening out into the chamber. In order to reduce wear of the spark plug in operation, the spark plug is mounted by being fastened in a sheath, the tubular guide being slidably mounted around the sheath.

Abstract: A propulsive element usable for producing a jet of fluid using a pressurized fluid. An inlet receives the pressurized fluid; a propulsive element passageway extends from the inlet; two main outlets are in fluid communication with the propulsive element passageway and located substantially opposed to the inlet relative to the propulsive element passageway. The two main outlets are configured and sized for releasing each a respective main jet portion when the pressurized fluid is injected in the inlet, the two main jet portions being each substantially divergent, the two main jet portions creating a low pressure zone therebetween. An auxiliary outlet is located between the two main outlets, the auxiliary outlet being in fluid communication with the propulsive element passageway and located substantially opposed to the inlet relative to the propulsive element passageway.

Abstract: There is described a nautical engine comprising at least one combustion chamber (1) provided with a first opening (11), normally closed by a first valve (12), for feeding the air and fuel mixture, at least one spark plug (20) for igniting the mixture, at least one second opening (14), normally closed by a second valve (15), for exhausting the exhaust gas deriving from the ignition of the mixture, means (2) adapted to feed at least one combustion chamber by means of said at least one first opening, a control device (30) adapted to control said feeding means for feeding the mixture into the combustion chamber and for igniting the spark plug for igniting the mixture. Said feeding means comprise a nozzle (30) adapted to spray said mixture at a pressure such as to open said first valve of the chamber, and in that, after having closed said first opening of the first valve, said second valve for exhausting the gas can be opened by the gas produced by the ignition of said mixture in the combustion chamber.

Abstract: An exhaust catalyst is charged with oxygen until saturated. A given first rich air/fuel ratio (LAM1_SP) is set in a combustion chamber of a cylinder. A first oxygen storage capacity value (OSC1) is determined depending on the measured signals (MS1, MS2) from first and second exhaust probes. The exhaust catalyst is charged with oxygen until saturated. A given second rich air/fuel ratio is set in the combustion chamber of the cylinder. A second oxygen storage capacity value (OSC2) is determined depending on the measured signal from the first and second exhaust probe. A corrected oxygen storage capacity value (OSC_COR) is determined depending on the first and second oxygen storage capacity values (OSC1, OSC2).

Abstract: In a system with an SCR catalytic converter, a correction by a changeable long term adaption factor to a target dosing rate is provided for the model dosing rate and a correction by a changeable short term adaption factor to an assumed actual filling state for the ammonia filling level value. A dosing unit controllable by a control unit adds an ammonia-containing reducing agent to the exhaust gas and n exhaust gas enriched with ammonia according to the dosing is fed to the SCR catalytic converter. An ammonia filling level value for a filling level of ammonia stored in the SCR catalytic converter and a model dosing rate for dosing the reducing agent into the exhaust gas are calculated by a computer model.

Abstract: A method for operating an exhaust gas treatment system that includes an SCR catalytic converter is provided. Either a model-based filling level regulation for achieving the target filling level or a model-based efficiency control for achieving the target efficiency is performed according to presettable values for certain operating variables such as a temperature of the exhaust gas or of the SCR catalytic converter.

Abstract: An exhaust gas purification catalyst, which is suitable as a Three way catalyst for efficiently purifying carbon monoxide (CO), hydrocarbons (HC), and nitrogen oxides (NOx) in exhaust gas discharged from a gasoline automobile, an exhaust gas purification apparatus using the same and an exhaust gas purification method. <The Upper Layer> A catalyst composition having an activated metal (A), a heat resistant inorganic oxide (B) and a cerium-zirconium-type composite oxide (C) containing a pyrochlore phase in a crystal structure, wherein the activated metal (A) is rhodium. <The Lower Layer> A catalyst composition having an activated metal (A), a heat resistant inorganic oxide (B) and a cerium-containing oxide (C?) having a cubic crystal and/or a tetragonal crystal as a major crystal structure, wherein the activated metal (A) is palladium, or palladium and platinum.

Abstract: A filter device for filtering automobile exhaust gas includes a case, front and rear support flanges mounted inside the case, and the filter member mounted between the front and rear support flanges. The front and rear support flanges are fixed vertically to the front and rear end portions of the filter member, respectively. The filter member includes a laminated or rolled-up metallic foam filter and a metallic mat or a jacket wrapping around the metallic foam filter. The porous pipe mounted inside the filter member is formed with a plurality of holes. The porous pipe is structured such that the width thereof decreases gradually towards the rear end portion or increase gradually towards the rear end portion, or the holes in the rear end portion are smaller, or a conical member is inserted in the inside space, or a pyramidal member is inserted in the inside space.

Abstract: A method includes providing a system having a fluid flow, a fuel injector and an oxygen sensor disposed in the fluid flow, where the oxygen sensor is downstream of the fuel injector. The method includes determining a first air fuel ratio, changing an injection rate of the fuel injector and determining a second air fuel ratio, and determining a fault value for the fuel injector from the first air fuel ratio and the second air fuel ratio. The method further includes determining the fault value for the fuel injector by determining a difference between the first air fuel ratio and the second air fuel ratio, and by determining that the fault value is positive in response to the difference being lower than a passing threshold value. The method includes changing injection rates of the fuel injector for specified periods of time short enough to significant disruption of system temperatures.

Abstract: In an exhaust purification system of an internal combustion engine comprising an exhaust purification device which receives a bad influence from SOX in the exhaust gas and a S trap device arranged upstream of the exhaust purification device, which can store SOX in the exhaust gas, an amount of SOX passing through the S trap device is integrated as an integrated value, each allowance value of the integrated value for each elapsed period from the start time of the use of the S trap device is set, and when the current integrated value exceeds the corresponding allowance value and between a first set period ago and the current time, fuel has been supplied into the fuel tank and engine oil has not been exchanged, it is determined that fuel with a high concentration of sulfur has been supplied into the fuel tank.

Abstract: An exhaust line includes: a duct (3) including an injection segment (7) with an inner channel defined by a side wall, the exhaust gas flow including exhaust gas central streams in a central area of the inner channel (17) and exhaust gas peripheral streams in the vicinity of the side wall; a reagent injector (5) capable of injecting a reagent in an injection direction (F1). The duct (3) is conformed so that the exhaust gas central streams flow substantially parallel to the central line (L1) of the inner channel, the exhaust line (1) including an element (31) for imparting to at least some peripheral streams a rotary movement, through the inner channel, about a rotation axis that is slightly inclined relative to the injection direction (F1).

Abstract: A device for the aftertreatment of exhaust gases in an exhaust gas system of internal combustion engines, having at least one reductant decomposition catalyst. Arranged in the exhaust gas flow, and a metering device arranged upstream of the latter in an exhaust gas line for supplying reductant. Preferably at least one other catalyst device is provided downstream of the reductant decomposition catalyst. An inlet section for the exhaust gas having at least one flow deflection area is arranged upstream of the reductant decomposition catalyst and constructed for the exhaust gas to be fed into a housing radially outside an inlet pipe adjoining the reductant decomposition catalyst that encloses the inlet pipe, and is guided in counterflow through a front inlet opening of the inlet pipe to the reductant decomposition catalyst. The reductant is fed into the flow deflection area associated with the inlet opening.

Abstract: An after treatment exhaust system is provided. The after treatment exhaust system includes a diesel particulate filter configured to be supported at a first lateral side of a vehicle chassis and a selective catalytic reduction device configured to be supported at a second lateral side of the vehicle chassis opposite the first lateral side. The after treatment exhaust system also includes a first conduit configured to be in fluid communication between an engine and the diesel particulate filter, a second conduit configured to be in fluid communication between the diesel particulate filter and the selective catalytic reduction device and a third conduit having a first end coupled to the selective catalytic reduction device and at least one second end configured to be open to the environment.

Abstract: Provided are selective catalytic reduction catalytic articles, emission treatment systems and methods for simultaneously remediating the nitrogen oxides (NOx), particulate matter, and gaseous hydrocarbons present in diesel engine exhaust streams. The catalytic articles have a Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) catalyst uniformly coated over the outlet portion of wall flow filter walls resulting in reduction of NO2 and combustion of the soot without substantially increasing the system backpressure.

Abstract: The disclosed invention relates to the optimization of catalytic reactions in diesel engines. A powder-coated nickel or other metallic foam is used as both the substrate and a resistor in a catalytic converter. The disclosed method uses a closed-loop system to heat the metallic foam with electric current to heat the diesel exhaust and thereby optimize the temperature at which the catalytic reaction occurs. The disclosed apparatus comprises a metallic foam substrate with a catalytic coating. The substrate is heated with electrical current to optimize the catalytic reaction. A variety of washcoats and/or catalysts may be used to coat the metallic foam substrate and the optimal temperature will depend on the catalyst used.

Abstract: In an exhaust gas purification apparatus of an internal combustion engine, there is provided a technique that is able to quickly raise the temperature of a catalyst arranged at a downstream side by raising the temperature of a catalyst arranged at an upstream side in a quick manner. The apparatus is provided with an exhaust gas purification catalyst, a plurality of catalysts that are arranged at an upstream side of the exhaust gas purification catalyst and have oxidizing ability, a fuel supply device that supplies fuel to one catalyst which is arranged at the most upstream side, and a heating device that heats the one catalyst, wherein the plurality of catalysts having oxidizing ability are arranged in an exhaust passage in series to the direction of flow of an exhaust gas, and the more upstream side the catalysts are arranged at, the smaller the cross-sectional areas of the catalysts formed by cutting planes which are orthogonal to a central axis of the exhaust passage are made.

Abstract: An exhaust mixer (16) is provided for use in an engine exhaust system (10) downstream from an additive injector (14). The mixer (16) includes eight vanes (20), with four of the vanes (20A) extending from a first side (22) of the mixer (16) and arranged in an equally spaced circumferential array around a central axis (24), and the other four of the vanes (20B) extending from an opposite side (26) of the mixer (16) and arranged opposite from the other four vanes (20A) in an equally spaced circumferential array. The vanes (20) include embossed ribs (60) and mount flanges (64).

Abstract: A device for delivering a reducing agent, in particular a liquid urea-water solution, includes at least two of the following elements: a storage device (e.g. a tank), a delivery device (e.g. a pump), a deflecting device (e.g. a valve), a detecting device (e.g. a sensor), a separating device (e.g. a filter) and an outlet device (e.g. a nozzle, injector), which are interconnected by a line device. At least one element is pressure-sensitive and the adjacent line device near the pressure-sensitive element forms at least one heat sink. A device having a targeted freezing behavior is thus provided, allowing pressure-sensitive elements to be protected. A method for producing a motor vehicle is also provided.

Abstract: An exhaust gas post-treatment system for a vehicle is provided, which in the course of regeneration ascertains whether or not there is any object approaching a body of the vehicle from behind. A filter is arranged in an exhaust passage of an engine to trap PM therein. A trapped and deposited PM amount sensing device senses a deposited amount of PM deposited in the filter. A fuel injector burns and removes PM deposited in the filter to conduct regeneration of the filter. A rearward monitoring camera monitors a scene rearward of a vehicle body. A display module displays monitoring information from the rearward monitoring camera, and a controller having a regeneration processing unit executes control processing to actuate the fuel injector and to perform regeneration.

Abstract: An exhaust gas system for an internal combustion engine has a thermoelectric power generator with a hot side and a cold side. The hot side is arranged on the exhaust gas system and is heatable by exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine. A first heat exchanger having a first thermal conductivity is arranged between the hot side and the exhaust gas flow. At least a second thermoelectric power generator is arranged on the exhaust gas system and has a second heat exchanger with a thermal conductivity that is different from the first thermal conductivity. The arrangement of thermoelectric power generators can generate electric power over a significantly wider operating point range of the internal combustion engine.

Abstract: The invention relates to an exhaust gas aftertreatment device (1) of a motor vehicle, said device having a heater (2), which includes a plurality of heating elements (5, 6, 7), and a control unit (9) associated with the heater (2), wherein a common first switch (10) and in each case a second switch (32, 33, 34) are associated with the heating elements (5, 6, 7) and said heating elements (5, 6, 7) are jointly switchable by means of the first switch (10) and individually switchable by means of the second switches (32, 33, 34). The invention thereby provides that said first switch (10) is disposed separately from the control unit (9) and can be actuated by the same.