Abstract: Pharmaceutical compositions comprising at least one compound of the formulas (Ia) or (Ib) and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier wherein the symbols have the following meaning —X— is e.g. and Y being e.g. or the pharmaceutically acceptable salts can be applied to modulate the in-vitro and in-vivo binding processes mediated by E-, P- or L-selectin binding.

Abstract: Compound of formula (I) are ligands of the CRTH2 receptor, useful inter alia for treatment of inflammatory conditions.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to 2,3,4,6-substituted pyridyl derivative compounds which are inhibitors of the beta-secretase enzyme and that are useful in the treatment of diseases in which the beta-secretase enzyme is involved, such as Alzheimer's disease. The invention is also directed to pharmaceutical compositions comprising these compounds and the use of these compounds and compositions in the treatment of such diseases in which the beta-secretase enzyme is involved.

Abstract: There is provided a process for producing an amide compound having an excellent harmful arthropod-controlling activity and represented by the formula (III): wherein R1, R2 and R3 independently represent a C1-C6 alkyl group optionally substituted with at least one halogen atom etc., R4, R5, R6 and R7 independently represent a halogen atom etc.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of isotopically labeled derivatives of isoniazid, ethionamide and related compounds as effective therapy for the treatment of mycobacterial diseases, including Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

Abstract: The invention provides novel compositions and compounds that inhibit CatSper channel activity, that preferentially inhibits sperm hyperactivity over sperm motility, or both. The compounds of the invention are useful as contraceptive agents that may be adminstered to males, females, or concurrently to both sexual partners. The invention further provides methods of conducting drug discovery business and of conducting a reproductive medicine business. The invention also provides methods of identifying compounds that modulate sperm hypermotility.

Abstract: The invention provides compounds and pharmaceutical compositions thereof, which are useful for modulating G protein-coupled receptor 120 (GPR120), and methods for using such compounds to treat, ameliorate or prevent a condition associated with abnormal or deregulated GPR120.

Abstract: Certain novel benzothiazoles and benzoxazoles, e.g., 2-(piperazin-1-yl)benzothiazoles and 2-(piperazin-1-yl)benzoxazoles, optionally substituted in the 3 and/or 4 positions of the piperazine rings,! of the general formula (1): having histamine H3 antagonistic activity can be used in pharmaceutical compositions.

Abstract: Compounds are provided which have the formula: wherein the variables are as defined herein. Also provided are pharmaceutical compositions, kits and articles of manufacture which contain such compounds, methods and intermediates useful for making the compounds, and methods of using the compounds to activate glucokinase.

Abstract: Provided is a compound represented by the formula (1): wherein R1 and R2 are each independently a hydrogen atom or a straight chain alkyl group having a carbon number of 1-3, R3 is a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having a carbon number of 1 -4, an alkoxyalkyl group, an aryl group, a halogen atom or a haloalkyl group, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, which has, unlike known PGI2 analogs, a selective EP4 agonist action, and a medicament containing the compound, which is useful for the prophylaxis and/or treatment of immune diseases, diseases of the digestive tract, cardiovascular diseases, cardiac diseases, respiratory diseases, neurological diseases, ophthalmic diseases, renal diseases, hepatic diseases, bone diseases, skin diseases and the like.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a combination therapy and a combination preparation of an angiotensin-II-receptor blocker and an HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor characterized in that the angiotensin-II-receptor blocker is absorbed substantially later than the HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor. As the angiotensin-II-receptor blocker and the HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor are released at different times, the present combination therapy prevents competitive inhibition between the two drugs and side effects, as well as simultaneously provides synergistic effects for each active ingredient and convenience of taking the drugs.

Abstract: The invention is directed to compounds of formula I: wherein Ar, r, R3, X, and R5-7 are as defined in the specification, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof. The compounds of formula I have AT1 receptor antagonist activity and neprilysin inhibition activity. The invention is also directed to pharmaceutical compositions comprising such compounds; methods of using such compounds; and a process and intermediates for preparing such compounds.

Abstract: The invention relates to pharmaceutical compositions and methods of treating inflammatory-related diseases associated with pro-inflammatory cytokine expression and/or reduced expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines. The method typically comprises administration of one or more compounds selected from isoindigo, indigo, indirubin, or derivatives thereof, such as, Meisoindigo and NATURA. Preferably the pharmaceutical composition comprises one or more compounds selected from isoindigo, indigo, indirubin, or derivatives thereof, an anti-inflammatory agent, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.

Abstract: Described herein are compounds and pharmaceutical compositions containing such compounds, which modulate the activity of store-operated calcium (SOC) channels. Also described herein are methods of using such SOC channel modulators, alone and in combination with other compounds, for treating diseases or conditions that would benefit from inhibition of SOC channel activity.

Abstract: In certain aspects, the invention relates to methods of treating proliferative oropharyngeal cancer, laryngeal cancer and esophageal cancer by administering artemisinin-related compounds.

Abstract: A compound represented by the following general formula (IA) or (IB) (R1 represents an electron withdrawing substituent, R2 and R3 represent a hydrogen atom or a halogen atom; R4 and R3 represent a hydrogen atom, an alkylcarbonyl group, or an alkylcarbonyloxymethyl group, and R6 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group) or a salt thereof, and a reagent for measuring hydrogen peroxide comprising the compound or a salt thereof.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method to inhibit a free radical, including a mitochondrial free radical, comprising administering to a subject in need thereof an effective amount of a composition comprising a compound of formula (I: a, b), an isomer, or a salt thereof:

Abstract: Optimal compositions of derivatives of 5-methyl-3(2H)-furanone compounds and phenylpropanoid polyketides related to inotilone, that exert biological response modification in health and disease, and their method of preparation, are disclosed. Methods of treating degenerative conditions stemming from over-expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) using these compositions are also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention provides a compound of formula I?; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein R1, R2, R3, R5, B1, X and n are defined herein. The invention also relates a method for manufacturing the compounds of the invention, and its therapeutic uses. The present invention further provides a combination of pharmacologically active agents and a pharmaceutical composition.

Abstract: The use of L-carnitine, or one of its pharmaceutically acceptable salts, is described in combination with glucose for the preparation of a medicament useful for diminishing the number of deaths caused by acute myocardial infarction, for reducing the number of days infarction patients spend in intensive care in hospital, and for reducing the number of episodes of post-infarction heart failure, in which the L-carnitine is administered intravenously within only a few hours of the onset of symptoms of acute myocardial infarction at an initial dose of 9 grams a day in combination with 1000-1500 mL of a 5% glucose solution for 5 days, after which the L-carnitine treatment is continued at a dose of 4 grams a day administered orally.

Abstract: The present invention is concerned with novel cosmetic or pharmaceutical compositions. More particularly, the invention is concerned with novel cosmetic or pharmaceutical compositions for treating or preventing any symptoms caused by negative developments of the physiological homeostasis of healthy skin, as well as for the promotion of hair growth and protection from hair loss.

Abstract: The invention teaches that supplementation with (?)-hydroxycitrate constitutes a novel means of reducing inflammation and is useful for preventing, treating and ameliorating conditions involving inflammation. The discovery that HCA has inflammation-moderating effects allows for the creation of novel and more efficacious approaches to preventing and ameliorating cardiovascular diseases, cancer, arthritis and a variety of other conditions that involve excessive inflammation. Inasmuch as one element common to advancing years is an increased level of generalized inflammation, the invention further lends itself to reducing or delaying this aspect of aging, one factor in what is known as sarcopenia. Furthermore, this discovery makes possible the development of adjuvant modalities which can be used to improve the results realized with other treatment compounds while at the same time reducing the side effects normally found with such drugs.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the treatment of an individual afflicted with inflammatory skin diseases comprising administering to the individual an effective amount of a 1-amino-alkylcyclohexane derivative.

Abstract: The present invention provides a compound of formula I; a method for manufacturing the compounds of the invention, and its therapeutic uses. The present invention further provides a combination of pharmacologically active agents and a pharmaceutical composition.

Abstract: Analogs of combretastatin have been discovered which demonstrate impressive cytotoxicity as well as a remarkable ability to inhibit tubulin polymerization. Such compounds are excellent clinical candidates for the treatment of cancer in humans. In addition, certain of these ligands, as pro-drugs, may well prove to be tumor selective vascular targeting chemotherapeutic agents or to have vascular targeting activity resulting in the selective prevention and/or destruction of nonmalignant proliferating vasculature.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to methods and related compositions using flavonoids and/or indanes extracted from the stems and leaves of C. quadrangularis to reduce weight and inhibit lipase, ?-amylase and ?-glucosidase activity in mammals. By example and not by way of limitation, embodiments of the present disclosure, a composition and related methods for reducing body weight and/or inhibiting any combination of lipase, ?-amylase and ?-glucosidase is provided. The composition contains an effective amount of one or more flavonoids or indanes selected from 3-O-rhamnopyranosylkaempferol, 3-(4-hydroxybenzylidene)-2-(2,5-dihydroxyphenyl)-1-(4-hydroxyphenyl)indane-4,6-diol, quercitrin, rhamnitrin, rhamnocitrin, quercitrin-3-O?-acetate and parthenocissin A.

Abstract: Herein disclosed is a method of producing synthesis gas from carbonaceous material, the method comprising: (a) providing a mixture comprising carbonaceous material and a liquid medium; (b) subjecting the mixture to high shear under gasification conditions whereby a high shear-treated stream comprising synthesis gas is produced; and (c) separating a product comprising synthesis gas from the high shear-treated stream. Herein also disclosed is a method for producing a liquid product. The method comprises forming a dispersion comprising gas bubbles dispersed in a liquid phase in a high shear device, wherein the average gas bubble diameter is less than about 1.5 ?m; contacting the dispersion with a multifunctional catalyst to form the liquid product; and recovering the liquid product. In an embodiment, the liquid product is selected from the group consisting of C2+ hydrocarbons, C2+ oxygenates, and combinations thereof.

Abstract: A unique process and catalyst is described that operates efficiently at low pressures for the direct production of a high cetane diesel type fuel or diesel type blending stock from stoichiometric mixtures of hydrogen and carbon monoxide. This invention allows for, but is not limited to, the economical and efficient production high quality diesel type fuels from small or distributed fuel production plants that have an annual production capacity of less than 100 million gallons per year by eliminating traditional hydrocracking and other costly upgrading processes. This catalytic process is ideal for distributed diesel fuel production plants such as biomass to fuel production plants and stranded natural gas to diesel fuel production plants, and other applications that require optimized economics based on supporting distributed feedstock resources.

Abstract: A carbonaceous feedstock to alcohol conversion process in which carbon dioxide is removed from the syngas stream issuing from a feedstock reformer, to yield a carbon dioxide depleted syngas stream including hydrogen, carbon monoxide and methane. This carbon dioxide depleted syngas stream is then passed through a Fischer-Tropsch reactor ultimately yielding a mixed alcohol product which is preferably largely ethanol. The removed carbon dioxide stream is passed through a methane reformer along with methane, which is produced in or has passed through a Fischer-Tropsch reactor, to yield primarily carbon monoxide and hydrogen. The carbon monoxide and hydrogen stream from the methane reformer are passed through the alcohol reactor. Also disclosed are a unique catalyst, a method for controlling the content of the syngas formed in the feedstock reformer, and a feedstock handling system.

Abstract: A process for preparing a cobalt based Fischer-Tropsch synthesis catalyst precursor includes introducing a multi-functional carboxylic acid having the general formula (1) HOOC—C*R1C*R2—COOH (1) or a precursor thereof, where C* in each of C*Ri and C*R2 is a sp2 carbon, and R1 and R2 are the same or different, and are each selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and an organic group, into and/or onto a particulate catalyst support. The ratio of the quantity of multifunctional carboxylic acid used relative to the support surface area is at least 0.3 ?mol carboxylic acid/m2 of support surface area. Simultaneously with the introduction of the carboxylic acid into and/or onto the catalyst support, or subsequent thereto, a cobalt compound is introduced into and/or onto the catalyst support. The impregnated support is calcined to obtain the cobalt based Fischer-Tropsch synthesis catalyst precursor.

Abstract: To provide an ion exchange membrane for alkaline chloride electrolysis having a low electric resistance and further having a sufficient mechanical strength. To employ an ion exchange membrane containing a polymer having units (U1). Q1, Q2=a perfluoroalkylene group or the like; Rf1, Rf2=a perfluoroalkyl group or the like; X1=an oxygen atom or the like; a=0 or the like; Y1=a fluorine atom or the like; r=0 or 1; and M=a hydrogen atom or an alkali metal atom.

Abstract: A method for preparing contaminated plastics ground into flakes, such as RPET or such polymers, having at least decontamination and SSP treatment steps, with at least one reactor, with heating to the process temperature taking place essentially outside the reactor. Also, a device for carrying out the method, and having at least one decontamination reactor and at least one SSP reactor, a device for heating plastic flakes to the process temperature being arranged upstream of the decontamination reactor. Also an SSP reactor having at least two individual reactors, and preferably between 3 and 7 individual reactors.

Abstract: Improved polypropylene resin foamed beads that without detriment to the excellence in properties, such as compression properties and heat resistance, characterizing the polypropylene resin foamed beads, can provide a polypropylene resin foamed bead molded article with equal properties by an molding conducted at low heating temperature. There are disclosed polypropylene resin foamed beads composed of a polypropylene resin of 115 to 135° C. melting point and 500 MPa or higher Olsen flexural modulus. The amount of ash at the surface of the foamed beads is 3000 wt. ppm or less (including 0). With respect to the foamed beads, in the first DSC curve obtained by heating 1 to 3 mg of polypropylene resin foamed beads from room temperature to 200° C. at a temperature elevation rate of 10° C.

Abstract: A polyol prepolymer having at least one urethane group is disclosed. The polyol preopolymer is a reaction product of at least one isocyanate and a polyol blend, where the polyol blend includes at least one conventional petroleum-based polyol and at least one natural oil based polyol. The polyol prepolymer may be used in producing flexible polyurethane foams.

Abstract: Disclosed are photopolymerizable compositions suitable for uses such as dental composite resins, and that comprise (A) a radical-polymerizable monomer, (B) a photopolymerization initiator that comprises (B1) an ?-diketone compound, (B2) a photoacid generating agent, (B3) an aromatic amine compound, and (C) an organic filler containing a phthalate ester fluorescent agent.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a crosslinked fluoropolymer network formed by the free radical initiated crosslinking of a diacrylate fluoropolymer The diacrylate copolymer is of formula CH2?CR?COO—(CH2)n—R—(CH2)n—OOCR??CH2, wherein R is selected from the group consisting of i) an oligomer comprising copolymerized units of vinylidene fluoride and perfluoro(methyl vinyl ether), ii) an oligomer comprising copolymerized units of vinylidene fluoride and hexafluoropropylene, iii) an oligomer comprising copolymerized units of tetrafluoroethylene and perfluoro(methyl vinyl ether), and iv) an oligomer comprising copolymerized units of tetrafluoroethylene and a hydrocarbon olefin, R? is H or —CH3, n is 1-4 and wherein said oligomer has a number average molecular weight of 1000 to 25,000 daltons. The source of the free radicals may be a photoinitiator or an organic peroxide.

Abstract: The present invention provides [1] a water dispersion for ink-jet printing containing chain-like particles each containing anionic organic pigment particles and a cationic polymer, wherein the ratio of organic pigment primary particles forming the chain-like particles to all the pigment primary particles contained in the water dispersion is 10% by number or more; [2] a water-based ink for ink-jet printing containing the water dispersion; [3] a method for producing a water dispersion for ink-jet printing as described above in [1]; and [4] a water-based ink for ink-jet printing containing a water dispersion produced through the method. The water dispersion and water-based ink for ink-jet printing of the present invention realize excellent optical density.

Abstract: A method for reducing the viscosity of a hydrocarbon fluid encountered in petroleum operations is disclosed. The method includes contacting the hydrocarbon fluid with an effective amount of a composition comprising at least one polymer having at least 25 mole percent cationic monomers.

Abstract: A particle of titanium dioxide treated with a polysiloxane is disclosed. One or more silicon atoms of the polysiloxane is substituted with an alkylene group terminating with a silyl group containing three substituents selected from the group consisting of hydroxy, halo, alkoxy, acetoxy, and mixtures thereof. These treated particles are blended with organic polymers to form a polyethylene polymer matrix having dispersed therein at least 55 wt % polysiloxane modified titanium dioxide particles.

Abstract: An adhesive composition, includes at least one vegetable starch the amylose content of which is between 30 and 60%. The invention further relates to the method for using the composition, including application thereof to lignocellulose materials, the forming of a panel and the hot pressing thereof. The emissions of formaldehyde vapor during the method are as low as possible. The invention further relates to the panels produced as above and in particular the panels emitting reduced amounts of formaldehyde into the atmosphere.

Abstract: The present invention aims to provide a rubber composition for a base tread capable of enhancing fuel economy, elongation at break and durability in a balanced manner while maintaining favorable handling stability and processability (extrusion processability) even if the amount of zinc oxide is reduced, and a pneumatic tire having a base tread produced from the rubber composition. The present invention relates to a rubber composition for a base tread including: a rubber component; a compound represented by Formula (I): wherein R1 to R4 each independently represent a C1 to C18 linear or branched alkyl group or a C5 to C12 cycloalkyl group; and zinc oxide, wherein the amount of the compound represented by Formula (I) is 0.2 to 6 parts by mass and the amount of the zinc oxide is 1.0 part by mass or less, relative to 100 parts by mass of the rubber component.

Abstract: The invention provides a golf ball in which an intermediate layer formed of a highly neutralized resin mixture obtained by using two nonionic resins of differing weight-average molecular weights and breadths of molecular weight distribution (weight-average molecular weight/number-average molecular weight) as the base resin and adding thereto an organic acid or a metal salt thereof and a basic inorganic metal compound capable of being neutralized is combined with a cover formed of an ionic resin having a weight-average molecular weight in a specific range and a breadth of molecular weight distribution (weight-average molecular weight/number-average molecular weight) in a specific range. The golf ball material of the invention has an excellent rebound and durability.

Abstract: A pattern forming material contains a block copolymer or graft copolymer and forms a structure having micro polymer phases, in which, with respect to at least two polymer chains among polymer chains constituting the block copolymer or graft copolymer, the ratio between N/(Nc?No) values of monomer units constituting respective polymer chains is 1.4 or more, where N represents total number of atoms in the monomer unit, Nc represents the number of carbon atoms in the monomer unit, No represents the number of oxygen atoms in the monomer unit.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of preparing a hyperbranched organic modifier which comprises reacting (a) a tertiary amine compound having at least two terminal hydroxyl groups with (b) at least one multifunctional monomer having at least two terminal functional groups capable of reacting with said hydroxyl groups. The present invention also provides an organo-modified clay treated with the hyperbranched organic modifier.

Abstract: Compositions of polyolefins having properties, including flame retardancy, of polyvinylchloride (“PVC”) and other elastomeric compositions, are described. Also described are the manner in which the constituency of such compositions affects their ultimate properties, including flexibility and flame retardancy, whereby appropriate formulations, suitable for substitution for PVCs, can be achieved.

Abstract: A flame retardant polymer composite is disclosed. The composite includes a polymer base material and a flame retardant filler provided in the polymer base material, the flame retardant filler containing seeded boehmite particulate material having an aspect ratio of not less than 3:1.

Abstract: To provide a golf ball with excellent abrasion-resistance and resilience. A golf ball of the present invention comprises: a core; and a cover covering the core, wherein the cover is formed of a cover composition containing a (meth)acrylic polymer-modified silicate and a resin component.

Abstract: An improved process for emulsion polymerization of fluoropolymers, such as polytetrafluoroethylene, employs reduced amounts of fluorinated emulsifiers. The addition of europium III chloride facilitates emulsion polymerization of fluoropolymers having comparable quality to those fluoropolymers made using conventional processes employing greater amounts of environmentally undesirable fluorinated emulsifiers.

Abstract: A raw elastomeric composition includes: (a1) from 30 to 90% by weight of a partially hydrogenated vinylarene-conjugated diene random elastomeric copolymer; (a2) from 10 to 70% by weight of one or more diene rubbers; (b) from 10 to 150 phr of silica; (c) from 0.1 to 20 phr of a coupling agent based on silane; (d) from 0.1 to 10 phr of a vulcanization agent; wherein the partially hydrogenated vinylarene-conjugated diene random copolymer has a structure which has nodes statistically distributed in the macromolecule, from which polymeric chains branch out, the bond between the nodes and the branches being a carbon-carbon bond.

Abstract: A coating material includes a first aqueous dispersion (A) and a second aqueous dispersion (B) wherein a dispersoid of the first aqueous dispersion (A) has an average particle diameter of 1 to 20 ?m and a dispersoid of the second aqueous dispersion (B) has an average particle diameter 1/100 to ? of that of the dispersoid of the first aqueous dispersion (A), and the mass ratio (the aqueous dispersion (A)/the aqueous dispersion (B)) of the dispersoid of the first aqueous dispersion (A) to the dispersoid of the second aqueous dispersion (B) is 2/1 to 100/1. Also provided is a container, which is coated with the coating material and has excellent properties.