Abstract: A deposition apparatus comprises a vacuum chamber; a substrate holder; a target; and an angle correcting plate provided so as to cover an upper space of the principal surface of the substrate, and provided outside a spatial region encompassed by line segments connecting a periphery of the principal surface of the target and a periphery of the principal surface of the substrate, wherein when an arbitrary point on the principal surface of the substrate is denoted by B and at least a center point on the principal surface of the target is denoted by C, a part of the principal surface of the angle correcting plate exists on each line which forms 45° from the respective point B with respect to each line which connects the respective point B and the point C, and another part of the principal surface of the angle correcting plate extends to a side opposite to the target.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to a magnet assembly including an epicyclic gearing system. The epicyclic gearing system including a central gear configured to be rotated, at least one peripheral gear connected to the central gear and configured to rotate and translate relative to the central gear, and an annulus surrounding the at least one peripheral gear and connected with the at least one peripheral gear. The magnet assembly further includes a magnet module connected with the epicyclic gearing system, the magnet module including a support connected with the at least one peripheral gear, the axis of rotation of the support being coaxial with the axis of rotation of the at least one peripheral gear connected with the support.

Abstract: A physical vapor deposition (PVD) chamber for depositing a transparent and clear hydrogenated carbon, e.g., hydrogenated diamond-like carbon, film. A chamber body is configured for maintaining vacuum condition therein, the chamber body having an aperture on its sidewall. A plasma cage having an orifice is attached to the sidewall, such that the orifice overlaps the aperture. Two sputtering targets are situated on cathodes inside the plasma cage and are oriented opposite each other and configured to sustain plasma there-between and confined inside the plasma cage. The plasma inside the cage sputters material from the targets, which then passes through the orifice and aperture and lands on the substrate. The substrate is moved continuously in a pass-by fashion during the process.

Abstract: The invention relates to an electrode for electrolytic processes, particularly to a cathode suitable for hydrogen evolution in an industrial electrolysis process comprising a metal substrate coated with an external catalytic layer containing crystalline ruthenium oxide having a highly ordered rutile-type structure with Ru Ru and Ru O bond length characterised by a Debye-Waller factor lower than a critical value. The catalytic outer layer may contain rare earth oxides, such as praseodymium. The electrode may also comprise an internal catalytic thin layer platinum-based, which gives an enhanced protection against accidental current reversal events.

Abstract: A biosensor includes a working electrode 101, a counter electrode 102 opposing the working electrode 101, a working electrode terminal 103 and a working electrode reference terminal 10 connected to the working electrode 101 by wires, and a counter electrode terminal 104 connected to the counter electrode 102 by a wire. By employing a structure with at least three electrodes, it is possible to assay a target substance without being influenced by the line resistance on the working electrode side.

Abstract: A biosensor includes a working electrode 101, a counter electrode 102 opposing the working electrode 101, a working electrode terminal 103 and a working electrode reference terminal 10 connected to the working electrode 101 by wires, and a counter electrode terminal 104 connected to the counter electrode 102 by a wire. By employing a structure with at least three electrodes, it is possible to assay a target substance without being influenced by the line resistance on the working electrode side.

Abstract: A biosensor includes a working electrode 101, a counter electrode 102 opposing the working electrode 101, a working electrode terminal 103 and a working electrode reference terminal 10 connected to the working electrode 101 by wires, and a counter electrode terminal 104 connected to the counter electrode 102 by a wire. By employing a structure with at least three electrodes, it is possible to assay a target substance without being influenced by the line resistance on the working electrode side.

Abstract: A biosensor strip with improved sample area design is disclosed, in which a specimen flowing in a flow channel is siphoned into another flow channel which has two hydrophilic layers attached to two respective sides of the same for enhancing the siphoning of the specimen. In an embodiment, by the doping of a hydrophilic material into an enzyme layer of the biosensor strip, the specimen that is being siphoning rapidly is able to mixed with the enzyme fully so as to enhance the measurement accuracy of a biological instrument using the biosensor strip.

Abstract: The presently disclosed subject matter relates to a microfluidic device for measuring an amount of a molecular species in a sample. The device comprises a body and an electrode assembly, the electrode assembly comprising at least one electrode coupled to the body. The device also includes a gas permeable membrane disposed on at least one electrode and a detector for measuring a current at each of the electrodes. Further, the device comprises a channel defined between a substantially planar substrate and planar cover glass. The presently disclosed subject matter also relates to methods of making the microfluidic device.

Abstract: The presently disclosed subject matter relates to sensors for measuring an amount of a gaseous species in a sample. The sensors comprise a gas permeable polysiloxane network membrane, comprising both alkyl and fluorinated alkyl groups. In some embodiments, the polysiloxane network can be formed from the co-condensation of a mixture of an alkylalkoxysilane and a fluorosilane. The presently disclosed subject matter also relates to methods of making the sensors, methods of selectively measuring an amount of a gaseous species, such as nitric oxide, in a sample, and to compositions comprising the polysiloxane networks.

Abstract: A method of loading a droplet actuator is provided. In one embodiment, the method may include, providing: a droplet actuator loaded with a filler fluid; a reservoir comprising a droplet fluid; and a fluid path extending from the reservoir into the droplet actuator; and forcing filler fluid from one locus in the droplet actuator to another locus in the droplet actuator; or out of the droplet actuator; thereby causing droplet fluid to flow through the fluid path and into the droplet actuator.

Abstract: A method of retrieving sequence-verified deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) includes positioning a sequence-verified DNA molecule on a microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) substrate. The MEMS substrate includes an electrostatic actuator and the sequence-verified DNA molecule is positioned adjacent to a moving element. The method also includes applying a voltage between the moving element and a stator to cause a motion of the moving element, thereby ejecting the sequence-verified DNA molecule from the MEMS substrate.

Abstract: A detection method of detecting analytes of interest which are present in a liquid. The detection method including the steps of forming drops of liquid on a first surface by capillary breaking of a finger of liquid, which is initially formed by liquid dielectrophoresis. The thus formed drops each come into contact with a different detection surface, which is arranged facing the first surface. Analytes of interest which are present in each of the drops are detected at the corresponding detection surface.

Abstract: A method of determining or estimating a nucleotide sequence of a nucleic acid by using a device with a nanopore.

Abstract: Polyacrylamide gels that offer high resolution in protein separations and are more stable relative to hydrolysis than conventional polyacrylamide gels that rely on Tris or Tris-Bis as buffering agents are made by incorporating triethanolamine in place of most or all of the Tris or Tris-Bis.

Abstract: An electrodialysis unit comprises a plurality of cathodes, a plurality of anodes and a plurality of membranes; the cathodes and anodes being arranged alternately in an electrode stack, with membranes in between each cathode and anode, anode flow paths formed between the membranes and anodes and cathode flow paths formed between the membranes and cathodes; the electrodialysis unit further comprising: an inlet manifold for distributing water to the anode flow paths or to the cathode flow paths, wherein the inlet manifold comprises a first tube provided with holes along its length, the holes being connected to the flow paths, and a second tube located within and enclosed by the first tube, the second tube having an inlet at one end and being closed at its second end and the second tube being provided with holes along its length that open into the first tube.

Abstract: An electrodialysis unit for treating water comprises a membrane cell, a temperature monitoring device for monitoring the temperature of incoming water and a heater for increasing the temperature of the incoming water before it reaches the membrane cell; wherein the heater is arranged to operate to increase the temperature of the incoming water when the original water temperature is below a predetermined level.

Abstract: There is a method described of treating tailings which are composed of at least some water and clay particles. Within the tailings, at least some water molecules are weakly bond to the clay particles to form a gel like fluid from which water does not readily separate. An alternating current is applied to the tailings to change the electro-chemical properties of the tailings to reduce the weak bonding between the water and the clay particles so that water within the treated tailings is able to separate. Water within the treated tailings is then allowed to separate without further application of electricity. In some embodiments, the treated tailings are allowed to separate through evaporation. Liquid tailings may also be treated with alternating current by applying alternating current to the liquid tailings at a voltage gradient range of 1 to 5 V/cm for a total duration of 24 to 300 hours. The application of alternating current may further comprise applying alternating current at a frequency of 1 to 30 Hz.

Abstract: An optically-induced dielectrophoresis device includes a first substrate, a first conductive layer, a first patterned photoconductor layer, a first patterned layer, a second substrate, a second conductive layer, and a spacer. The first conductive layer is disposed on the first substrate. The first patterned photoconductor layer is disposed on the first conductive layer. The first patterned layer is disposed on the first conductive layer. The first patterned photoconductor layer and the first patterned layer are distributed alternately over the first conductive layer. Resistivity of the first patterned photoconductor layer is not equal to resistivity of the first patterned layer. At least one of the first substrate and the second substrate is pervious to a light. The second conductive layer is disposed on the second substrate and between the first substrate and the second substrate. The spacer connects the first substrate and the second substrate.

Abstract: Disclosed articles as results of a microarc oxidation process, or plurality thereof, which are not limited by size, specifically by certain dimensions of their size, such as their length. Different sections or surfaces of articles of the invention may be subjected to a microarc oxidation process at any given time, such as by gradually subjecting a surface of an article to a microarc oxidation process, or such as by sequentially subjecting different sections of an articles to a microarc oxidation process. Furthermore, disclosed are methods for manufacturing of articles of the invention, or otherwise for subjecting articles of the invention to a microarc oxidation process, or plurality thereof. In some examples, tubes of above 6 meter in length may be coated according to methods of the invention. The coating of said tubes may be beneficial for desalination applications. In other examples, only grooves of pulleys are coated.

Abstract: Provided is a metal member including a metal substrate and a covering layer disposed on a surface of the metal substrate, where the covering layer includes a region containing an insulating layer made of an insulating material, and a region containing an electrodeposited layer having a different texture from the insulating layer and formed by electrodeposition coating or electroplating. The metal member is manufactured by an insulating-layer-forming step of forming an insulating layer made of an insulating material on the entire surface of a region of the metal substrate in which the covering layer is to be formed, a removing step of removing a portion of the insulating layer to form an exposed portion of the metal substrate, and an electrodeposited-layer-forming step of applying a paint having a different texture from the insulating layer to the exposed portion by electrodeposition coating or electroplating to form an electrodeposited layer.

Abstract: A method for making an electrode active material of a lithium ion battery is disclosed. In the method, elemental sulfur is mixed with a polyacrylonitrile to form a mixture. The mixture is heated in vacuum or a protective gas at a heating temperature of about 250° C. to about 500° C., to form a sulfur containing composite. The sulfur containing composite is reacted with a reducing agent for elemental sulfur in a liquid phase medium to remove part of the elemental sulfur from the sulfur containing composite.

Abstract: A metal underlayer is selectively plated on semiconductor wafers immediately followed by plating copper on the metal underlayer using a low internal stress copper plating bath. Additional metallization may be done to build up the metal layers using conventional metal plating baths and methods to form current tracks. Formation of metal silicides is avoided. Good adhesion of the metals to the semiconductors is achieved. The metalized semiconductors may be used in the manufacture of photovoltaic devices.

Abstract: Electrochemical fabrication processes and apparatus for producing multi-layer structures where each layer includes the deposition of at least two materials and wherein the formation of at least some layers including operations for providing coatings of dielectric material that isolate at least portions of a first conductive material from (1) other portions of the first conductive material, (2) a second conductive material, or (3) another dielectric material, and wherein the thickness of the dielectric coatings are thin compared to the thicknesses of the layers used in forming the structures. In some preferred embodiments, portions of each individual layer are encapsulated by dielectric material while in other embodiments only boundaries between distinct regions of materials are isolated from one another by dielectric barriers.

Abstract: A method of treating a part made of an aluminum alloy containing copper at a content in the range 0.1% to 10% by weight includes providing the part; and performing electrochemical pretreatment of the part in a first electrolyte bath containing sulfuric acid and a first oxidizer compound, a first potential difference being established between a first cathode and a first anode dipped in the first bath, the part being the first anode, the concentration of the first oxidizer compound being such that the corrosion potential of the aluminum alloy is greater than +100 mV relative to a hydrogen normal electrode. After the pretreatment, the method includes anodizing the part in a second electrolyte bath containing sulfuric acid and a second oxidizer compound, a second potential difference ?V2 being established between a second cathode and a second anode dipped in the second bath, the part being the second anode.

Abstract: A method of producing a hydrocarbon comprises providing electrical energy to a first fuel cell comprising an anode, cathode, and polymer electrolyte membrane; electrocatalytically oxidizing a hydrogen source by a first catalyst disposed on the anode to produce protons; and electrocatalytically reducing a hydrocarbonaceous source by the protons and a second catalyst disposed on the cathode to produce a hydrocarbon fuel composition, wherein the first and second catalysts are each a solid catalyst, and the anode and cathode are separated by the polymer electrolyte membrane.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for recovering valuable metals from precious metal smelting slag, comprising: smelting the precious metal smelting slag and a flux in a top-blown rotary furnace to produce a lead-bismuth alloy, wherein the precious metal smelting slag comprises Au, Ag, Bi and Pb; electrolyzing the lead-bismuth alloy at a current density ranging from 60 to 110 A/m2 to obtain lead cathode and lead anode slime; refining the lead anode slime to produce bismuth and silver-zinc crust, and extracting gold and silver separately from the silver-zinc crust. Through utilizing a top-blown rotary furnace as the smelting apparatus and adjusting the ratio of the flux, the present invention enriches the valuable metals gold, silver, bismuth, lead or the like to lead-bismuth alloy, ensures lower contents of gold, silver, bismuth and lead in the reducing slag and thereby increases the comprehensive recovery rates of gold, silver, bismuth and lead from the precious metal smelting slag.

Abstract: A process of producing metal that includes adding a quantity of a alkoxide (M(OR)x) or another metal salt to a cathode compartment of an electrolytic cell and electrolyzing the cell. This electrolyzing causes a quantity of alkali metal ions to migrate into the cathode compartment and react with the metal alkoxide, thereby producing metal and an alkali metal alkoxide. In some embodiments, the alkali metal is sodium such that the sodium ions will pass through a sodium ion selective membrane, such as a NaSICON membrane, into the cathode compartment.

Abstract: This invention is an apparatus and a method for continuously generating a hydride gas of M1 which is substantially free of oxygen in a divided electrochemical cell. An impermeable partition or a combination of an impermeable partition and a porous diaphragm can be used to divide the electrochemical cell. The divided electrochemical cell has an anode chamber and a cathode chamber, wherein the cathode chamber has a cathode comprising M1, the anode chamber has an anode comprising M2 and is capable of generating oxygen, an aqueous electrolyte solution comprising a hydroxide M3OH partially filling the divided electrochemical cell. Hydride gas generated in the cathode chamber and oxygen generated in the anode chamber are removed through independent outlets. M1 can be selenium, phosphorous, silicon, metal or metal alloy, M2 is metal or metal alloy suitable for anonic oxygen generation, and M3 is NH4 or an alkali or alkaline earth metal.

Abstract: The invention refers to a method for the electrochemical machining of work pieces, such as, for example, nozzles, in particular nozzles with a blind hole. The invention also refers to a device for the electrochemical machining of work pieces. The invention is characterized by a relative movement, in particular a rotary movement during the machining between work piece and cathode. The device is characterized in that cathode and/or work piece are supported rotatably on bearings for a relative movement.

Abstract: An electrochemical apparatus comprising: an electrochemical chamber; at least one cathode and at least one anode disposed within the chamber, said anode comprising a consumable surface for contact with liquid in the chamber, whereby, upon application of a potential difference across the cathode and anode, the consumable surface in contact with liquid in the chamber dissolves in the liquid; wherein the apparatus further comprises a protective electrode said protective electrode being connectable to the cathode and/or anode in the chamber via a source of direct current, such that electron flow takes place from the protective electrode to the cathode and/or anode in the chamber, said protective electrode being formed from a different material to the cathode or anode in the chamber.

Abstract: The present invention relates to provide a carbon bed electrolyser (CBE) unit for electrochemical treatment. More particularly the present invention relates to the treatment of recalcitrant wastewater, e.g. from chemical industry. Further the said CBE unit is useful for electrolytic treatment of liquid effluent having very high concentrations of Chemical oxygen Demand (COD), Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen (TKN) and Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), and Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), and for improving biodegradability of the effluent. More particularly, the present invention relates to an electro oxidation process wherein the carbon bed gets regenerated in-situ continuously.

Abstract: Methods of modulating the binding interactions between a (biomolecular) probe or detection agent and an analyte of interest from a biological sample in a biosensor having a multisite array of test sites. In particular, the methods modulate the pH or ionic concentration gradient near the electrodes in such biosensor. The methods of modulating the binding interactions provide a biosensor and analytic methods for more accurately measuring an analyte of interest in a biological sample.

Abstract: Analytes in a liquid sample are determined by methods utilizing sample volumes of less than about 1.0 ?l and test times within about eight seconds. The methods are preferably performed using small test strips including a sample receiving chamber filled with the sample by capillary action.

Abstract: A lock box secured to a landing or porch in front of a residential home. The lock box may be used for delivering and picking up packages. A user may place a package for delivery in the lock box and then lock it. A delivery person may then unlock the lock box and retrieve the package. Alternatively, the delivery person may place the package within the lock box and lock it. Then the user that lives at the residential home may unlock the box to retrieve their package.

Abstract: The invention relates to a packing having a top side, a base side and face sides for hollow charges for use in blasting applications in boreholes.

Abstract: A case for a portable electronic devices such as smart phones includes upper and lower shells that are joined by elastic members. The upper shell includes a base surface and sidewalls to retain a portion of the portable electronic device and, likewise, the lower shell includes a base and sidewalls to retain a portion of the portable electronic device. The elastic members enable separation of the upper and lower shells to permit insertion of the portable electronic device and further provide biasing to move the shells together and retain the portable electronic device.

Abstract: A transport unit comprising two parallel retaining plates, which each have an arrangement of means for retaining lidded containers, and a plurality of lidded containers, which each have a tubular container and at the top of the container a closure element projecting radially outward with respect to the container, wherein lidded containers of a group of lidded containers are held parallel to each other by means for retaining of the one retaining plate, and lidded containers of another group of lidded containers are held parallel to each other by means for retaining of the other retaining plate, the lidded containers of the one group are disposed oppositely aligned to the lidded containers of the other group and nested within each other.

Abstract: A disposable food and beverage carrier is disclosed. The food and beverage carrier is formed from a food carrier slidingly received on a handle portion of a beverage carrier. Beverage containers are placed in the beverage carrier and the food carrier is placed thereon. The food carrier compromises a generally rectangular enclosure for receipt of food items. After assembly of the food carrier onto the beverage carrier, a unitary structure is formed.

Abstract: Various examples are provided for containers. In one embodiment, a container includes an inner void extending along an axial length of the container. The inner void includes a closed end adjacent to a first end of the container and an open end at a second end of the container. The container also includes an outer void extending along the axial length of the container. The outer void encircles at least a portion of the inner void along the axial length of the container. The outer void includes a closed end encircling the inner void adjacent to the open end of the inner void and an open end at the first end of the container. An outer wall of the outer void includes a transition to a diameter of an opening at the open end of the outer void and that is adjacent to the closed end of the inner void.

Abstract: A garment carrier comprises an outer backing portion, an inner cover portion arranged over an inner surface of the outer backing portion to form a compartment for receiving a garment between the outer backing portion and the inner cover portion. A resilient frame inhibits folding of the garment carrier and biases the garment carrier to a generally flat unrolled configuration. The garment carrier is adapted to be rolled from the unrolled configuration into a hollow rolled configuration and fastened in the rolled configuration using a fastening mechanism.

Abstract: A condensate sensor enclosure to house an electromechanical control system to limit the level of condensate within a drain pan of an air conditioning system comprising a control system compartment and cover coupled together by a coupling assembly including a first coupler and a second coupler to enclose the electromechanical control system therein and a pair of probe housings each extending downwardly from the bottom of the control system compartment to operatively receive and house at least a portion a corresponding pair of electrically conductive sensor probes operatively coupled to the electromechanical control system to sense when the condensate within the drain pan reaches a predetermined level.

Abstract: A golf club bag frame includes an upper portion, lower portion and central portion. The upper portion, lower portion and central portion are generally defined by a pair of side frame members joined by multiple horizontal members. The side frame members each include a curved section forming the central portion. A separator is attached to one or more of the horizontal members and includes three vertical walls and several horizontal cross-members which define multiple golf club receptacles. A handle is connected to the side frame members and/or horizontal members. A skin formed of a single piece of material which fits onto, and attaches to, the golf bag frame. Upper flaps of the skin fold over arms of the side frame members and attach to an underside of the skin using hook and loop fasteners (e.g., Velcro), buttons, snaps, zippers or the like.

Abstract: To provide a box pallet side wall that is excellent in beauty and is easily cleaned as well compared to a conventional box pallet side wall, and in which weight saving and high strengthening is possible compared to the conventional one. This box pallet side wall forms a hollow structure having an enclosed space therein. Thus, compared to a conventional box pallet side wall having a solid structure, when the box pallet side wall and the conventional one have the same weight, the geometrical moment of inertia of the box pallet side wall is increased. Since cell configuration ribs for reinforcing an outer main plate and an inner main plate are housed in the box pallet side wall and not exposed outside, irregularity on an outer surface of the box pallet side wall can be decreased compared to the conventional one.

Abstract: The present invention provides a packaging carton for fragile, apparatus for making cartoon bottom, and method for making the carton bottom. The packaging carton includes a bottom and peripheral wall which jointly define a receiving space for storing fragile glass substrate with the bottom. The bottom has a skeleton configuration and is made from plastic blowing technology. By the forgoing, the present invention can effectively reduce the packaging cost, and which in turn reducing the cost of the product.

Abstract: The present provides a packaging carton, wherein the packaging carton includes a container. The container includes a base defining a receiving space. A bottom buffering pad is disposed on a bottom surface of the receiving space. A corner buffering pad is arranged in corner of the receiving space, and is dimensioned to match with corner of a workload. Wherein the base, the bottom buffering pad, and the corner buffering pad are inherited with a first buffering property, a second buffering property, and a third buffering property, respectively, wherein the second and third buffering properties are better than the first buffering property. With this, the present invention can effectively reduce the cost of the packaging carton, and which in turn reduce the cost of the product.

Abstract: A package for containing and dispensing contents includes a magnetic closure. The package defines a package interior for accommodating the contents. A pair of package portions defines an opening for accessing the package interior. The magnetic closure includes magnetic material which is placed on at least one of the packaging portions for permitting reopenable closure of the packaging portions.

Abstract: A pharmaceutical waste disposal assembly (10) comprises a waste receiver (212) that receives pharmaceutical waste, the waste receiver (212) including a radio frequency identification tag (200) that is configured to transmit a radio frequency signal that identifies the waste receiver (212). The pharmaceutical waste disposal assembly (10) can further comprise a receiver retainer (1516) that selectively receives the waste receiver (212). The radio frequency identification tag (200) is configured to transmit the radio frequency signal that is usable to track a location of the waste receiver (212) regardless of whether or not the waste receiver (212) is positioned within the receiver retainer (1516). The receiver retainer (1516) can include an identification reader (1500) that reads the radio frequency signal and is configured to store information from the radio frequency signal that inhibits use of the waste receiver (212) following removal from and repositioning into the receiver retainer (1516).

Abstract: The invention provides a case and a protective film for a mobile electronic device with which decoration can be easily replaced and simply enjoyed to suit individual tastes by using characters and figure logos of the device when the case or the protective film is attached to the device. The case or the protective film having a shape conforming to an outer shape of a back face and side faces of the device is made of a translucent material, and figures or characters are applied on the outer or the inner surface side of the case or the protective film covering the back face of the device so that when the case or the protective film is attached to the device, a logo mark and a logo character of the device can be seen through, and one motif is created integrally with the logo mark or the logo character.

Abstract: An anti-mold packet comprises a holding pouch and an anti-mold volatile substance. The holding pouch has an upper edge, a lower edge, a left edge and a right edge. The left edge and right edge are respectively bent and folded to form a holding space and a folded seam edge. The upper edge and lower edge are pressed and sealed. The folded seam edge is partially pressed and sealed to form a slit communicating with the exterior. The anti-mold volatile substance is held in the housing space. The holding space can hold a greater amount of anti-mold volatile substance in a packet fashion, and the anti-mold volatile substance can evaporate through the slit for a longer period to achieve durable anti-mold purpose to meet use requirements.