Abstract: A radiation detector includes a scintillator layer configured to absorb radiation emitted from a radiation source and to emit optical photons in response to the absorbed radiation. The radiation detector also includes a photodetector layer configured to absorb the optical photons emitted by the scintillator layer. The radiation detector further includes a reflector configured to reflect the optical photons emitted by the scintillator layer towards the photodetector layer and to absorb select wavelengths of optical photons associated with an afterglow emitted by the scintillator layer.

Abstract: An imaging system includes a detector configured to detect X-rays from an X-ray source. The detector includes multiple photodetector elements. The imaging system also includes an anti-scatter grid disposed over the detector, wherein the anti-scatter grid includes multiple radiation absorbing elements. At least a portion of one or more of the radiation absorbing elements of the multiple radiation absorbing elements is disposed on each photodetector element, and a total area of each respective portion of the one or more radiation absorbing elements disposed on each photodetector element is substantially equal.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods for charge collection control in radiation detectors are provided. One radiation detector includes a semiconductor substrate, at least one cathode on a surface of the semiconductor substrate, and a plurality of anodes on a surface of the semiconductor substrate opposite the at least one cathode, wherein the plurality of anodes have gaps therebetween. The radiation detector further includes a charge collection control arrangement configured to cause one or more charges induced within the semiconductor substrate by incident photons to drift towards one or more of the plurality of anodes.

Abstract: The present invention provides a radiation detection element and a radiographic imaging device that may provide optimal resolution that corresponds to the purpose of imaging and to imaging speed, and that may suppress increase in device size. Namely, TFTs of plural pixels in a column direction are connected to the same signal lines. When a moving image is imaged, a control signal is output via a control line, the TFTs of the pixels are turned on, and the charges are read-out from sensor sections. Since the two pixels×two pixels are operated as one pixel and the charges are extracted, resolution may be lowered when compared with a still image and a frame rate may be improved.

Abstract: A diagnostic imaging device includes a signal processing circuit (22) processes signals from a detector array (16) which detects radiation from an imaging region (20). The hit signals are indicative of a corresponding detector (18) being hit by a radiation photon. The signal processing circuit (22) includes a plurality of input channels (321, 322, 323, 324), each input channel receiving hit signals from a corresponding detector element (18) such that each input channel (321, 322, 323, 324) corresponds to a location at which each hit signal is received. A plurality of integrators (42) integrate signals from the input channels (32) to determine an energy value associated with each radiation hit. A plurality of analog-to-digital converters (441, 442, 443, 444) convert the integrated energy value into a digital energy value. A plurality of time to digital converters (40) receive the hit signals and generate a digital time stamp.

Abstract: A radiation analyzer includes: a transition edge sensor (TES) that detects radiation; a current detection mechanism that detects a current flowing in the TES; a peak analyzing unit that measures a peak value based on the current detected by the current detection mechanism; a first heater that heats the TES to keep a constant temperature; a sensitivity correction operating unit that corrects sensitivity of the TES based on a relation obtained in advance between an output of the first heater and a peak value measured by the peak analyzing unit.

Abstract: A charged particle beam irradiation apparatus includes: a transport line configured to transport a charged particle beam; and a rotating gantry rotatable around a rotation axis, wherein the transport line has an inclined section configured to make the charged particle beam advancing in a direction of the rotation axis advance to be inclined so as to become more distant from the rotation axis, and is formed so as to turn the charged particle beam advanced in the inclined section to a rotational direction of the rotation axis and bend the charged particle beam turned to the rotational direction to the rotation axis side, the rotating gantry is formed of a tubular body which can accommodate an irradiated body and supports the transport line, and the inclined section is disposed to pass through the inside of the tubular body of the rotating gantry.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus may permit the generation of consistent output synthesis gas from highly variable input feedstock solids carbonaceous materials. A stoichiometric objectivistic chemic environment may be established to stoichiometrically control carbon content in a solid carbonaceous materials gasifier system. Processing of carbonaceous materials may include dominative pyrolytic decomposition and multiple coil carbonaceous reformation. Dynamically adjustable process determinative parameters may be utilized to refine processing, including process utilization of negatively electrostatically enhanced water species, process utilization of flue gas, and adjustment of process flow rate characteristics. Recycling may be employed for internal reuse of process materials, including recycled negatively electrostatically enhanced water species, recycled flue gas, and recycled contaminants.

Abstract: A sample holder to be disposed between an electrostatic chuck and a sample smaller than the upper surface of the electrostatic chuck is provided, the sample holder including: a base plate formed in the same size as the upper surface of the electrostatic chuck; a sample placement portion located on the upper surface of the base plate, and designed to place the sample thereon; and a circumferential portion being a portion of the upper surface of the base plate other than the sample placement portion, and having a conductive material exposed to the outside.

Abstract: An ultraviolet light generating target 20 includes a substrate 21 made of sapphire, quartz, or rock crystal; and a light-emitting layer 22 that is provided on the substrate 21 and that generates ultraviolet light upon receiving an electron beam. The light-emitting layer 22 includes powdered or granular Pr:LuAG crystals. By using such a light-emitting layer 22 as the target, the ultraviolet light generating efficiency can be increased more remarkably than when a Pr:LuAG single crystal film is used.

Abstract: The invention includes a high sensitivity and high throughput capillary electrophoresis multiwavelength florescence detection system. The fluorescent detection system is configured to illuminate a relatively large volume of a single capillary or a plurality of capillaries, with a pixelated detection system capable of imaging an area of each capillary that differentiates the capillary walls, the space between the capillaries, and the internal liquid volume within the capillary. Only the desired pixels or image area are used for processing and generating an output signal.

Abstract: A method of enabling an authenticating device (10) includes providing an enabling target (17); measuring one or more attributes of the enabling target with the authenticating device; comparing at least one measured attribute with a predetermined expected value; enabling the authenticating device when the at least one measured attribute matches the predetermined expected value; and operating the authenticating device.

Abstract: A sterilization system is configured to emit optical energy, e.g., light, for sterilizing a surface, such as a door handle, faucet handle, elevator button, or other target surfaces known in the art. The sterilization system is configured to operate automatically in response to detection of a user's hand interfacing with the handle. In other words, after a user releases a handle, the sterilization system is actuated to sanitize the handle for subsequent users.

Abstract: A method for generating high power electromagnetic radiation based on double-negative metamaterial (DNM), includes providing electrons of an electron beam moving in a vacuum close to an interface between the DNM and the vacuum at a predetermined average speed larger than a phase velocity of an electromagnetic wave propagating in the DNM so as to generate coherent high power radiation. The method can be applied but not limited to high power and compact Terahertz radiation sources and Cherenkov particle detectors and emitters.

Abstract: Nano-antennas with a resonant frequency in the optical or near infrared region of the electromagnetic spectrum and methods of making the nano-antennas are described. The nano-antenna includes a porous membrane, a plurality of nanowires disposed in the porous membrane, and a monolayer of nanospheres each having a diameter that is substantially the same as a diameter of the nanowires. The nanospheres are electrically in series with the nanowires.

Abstract: A beam filter positioning device includes a first and a second axes operable to move a body supporting one or more collimators, one or more photon flattening filters, one or more electron foils, and field light mirror etc. The collimators may be configured to collimate radiation to define a treatment beam suitable for radiosurgery. A controller is programmed to control the servo motor of the first and second axes to accurately position the beam filters. Radiation apparatuses and systems incorporating the beam filter positioning device or assembly are also provided.

Abstract: Various electromagnetically-countered systems are provided and include at least one wave source irradiating harmful electromagnetic waves and at least one counter unit emitting counter electromagnetic waves for countering the harmful waves. Various generic counter units of such systems and various mechanisms are provided to counter the harmful waves by the counter units by matching configurations of the counter units with those of the wave sources, matching shapes of such counter waves with shapes of the harmful waves, etc. Various methods are provided for countering the harmful waves with the counter waves by such source or wave matching. Various methods are also provided for the counter units as well as counter waves. Various processes are provided for providing such systems and counter units. Various electric and/or magnetic shields may be used alone or in conjunction with such counter units to minimize irradiation of the harmful waves from the system.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the protection of medical patients and personnel from harmful radiation. More specifically, this invention provides a compact, light-weight article to be worn in areas of the body most sensitive to radiation. These include, for example, the pelvic area, the genital and gonad areas, the breast area to guard against radiation to the mammary gland, the neck and throat to protect the thyroid gland, the eye area to protect the crystalline lens.

Abstract: A radiation protection system for protecting medical personnel from radiation being applied from a radiation source to a patient positioned on a table that includes a radiation-shielding wall including, upper shield suspended by a gas spring lift arm, the upper shield consisting of translucent radiation resistance window, with a left and right side of flexible radiation shielding material, that telescopes down on each side of the table to form a complete radiation barrier. The shield is positioned above the table. The shield also has a radiation-shielding flexible interface attached to the radiation shielding window that covers a portion of the patient.

Abstract: A blow out preventer (BOP), in particular a new configuration of BOP which may have a smaller outer diameter for a given operating force than conventional BOPs comprises a housing which has a longitudinal axis and which is divided in a first housing part (14a) and a second housing part (14b), movement of the first housing part relative to the second housing part being prevented by fasteners (16), each fastener including a shaft which extends through a fastener receiving passage provided in the first housing part into a fastener receiving passage provided in the second housing part, the housing being further provided with fluid flow passages (44) which extend from the first part of the housing to the second part of the housing, the fluid flow passages being interspersed between fastener receiving passages. In one embodiment of the invention, three annular BOPs according to this design are integrated to form a stack.

Abstract: A magnetic valve device includes a valve receiving device and a valve insert of a magnetic valve which is received in the valve receiving device. A high pressure resistance is obtained in one of the modes of embodiment. The magnetic valve device includes either a pressure mechanism configured to press the valve insert against the valve receiving element or a sealing element arranged in a notch in the valve insert or a sealing element arranged between an axial filter and the valve insert.

Abstract: A flap-gate valve having a replaceable wear surface, methods of replacing a wear surface with a replacement wear surface, and methods of retrofitting an existing flap-gate valve with components adapted to work in conjunction with a replaceable wear surface.

Abstract: A plug valve including a valve body having an inlet port, an outlet port and a central chamber extending between the inlet port and the outlet port. The valve also includes an inlet seal segment within the central chamber and includes a bore extending therethrough and aligned with the inlet port. An outlet seal segment is disposed within the central chamber having a bore extending therethrough and aligned with the outlet port. A plug member is disposed in the central chamber and is moveable between an open position, to facilitate fluid flow through the plug valve, and a closed position, to block fluid flow through the plug valve. First and second side segments are disposed between and interlocked to the inlet and outlet seal segments to encircle the plug member. The side segments are tensioned to preload the seal segments against the plug member to prevent the flow of fluid between the seal segments and the plug member.

Abstract: A ball or half-ball valve with drain-proof mechanism comprises a body; inner side of the body being formed as a chamber and a through hole communicated to the chamber; an annular seat received in an annular trench of a wall of the through hole; a drain-proof unit; a valve unit installed to the inner side of the annular seat; the valve unit having an axial hole for receiving the stem; and a cover having a size corresponding to that of the through hole of the body; the cover being locked to an outer side of the through hole. The drain-proof unit has three different structures. The elements of the structures are replaceable with each other for being installed to the valve. Each mode is suitable for different environments. In the present invention, the cover can be detached easily for repairing or maintaining the elements therein. It is easy and convenient.

Abstract: A valve (1), in particular a vacuum valve, comprising a valve plate (2) for closing an opening (3), in particular of the valve (1), and comprising at least two piston cylinder units (4, 5) for pressing the valve plate (2) against a valve seat (6), in particular of the valve (1), said valve seat surrounding the opening (3), at least one of the piston cylinder units (5) having at least one cylinder (7) as a component and at least one piston (8) arranged displaceably in the cylinder (7) as a further component, one of the components of the piston cylinder unit (5) being fixed on the valve plate (2), in particular in a manner stationary relative to the valve plate (2), wherein at least one of the components, preferably the other component, of this piston cylinder unit (5) is mounted on at least one support (10, 11) of the valve (1) so as to be movable, preferably displaceable, at least in a direction (9) parallel to the spacing between two adjacent piston cylinders units (4, 5).

Abstract: Provided are azeotrope-like compositions comprising heptafluoropropane and trifluoroiodomethane and uses thereof, including use in refrigerant compositions, refrigeration systems, blowing agents, fire suppressant compositions, and aerosol propellants.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the technical field of polymer composite material, and a nano particle/polyamide composite material, a preparation method therefor and a use thereof are disclosed. The nano particle/polyamide composite material comprises 0.01-99 parts by weight of inorganic nano particles and 1-99.99 parts by weight of a polyamide matrix. The preparation method for the nano particle/polyamide composite material of the present invention comprises hydrolysis polymerization or anionic polymerization. The nano particle/polyamide composite material of the present invention has the particular functions of nano materials, while having the advantages of the polymer matrix such as good mechanical performance and being easy for processing and molding.

Abstract: Provided are compositions, preferably azeotrope or azeotrope-like compositions comprised of 1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluoro-2-butene and chlorotrifluoropropene, particularly 1-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene (HCFO-1233zd), and uses thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates primarily to a mixture that is suitable for use in the no-bake process for producing cores and moulds for the foundry industry, and a reaction mixture comprising said mixture and an acid hardener (i.e. an acid catalyst). The present invention further relates to a method of producing a mixture according to the invention and a method of producing a mould or a core. The invention also relates to a mould or a core for producing metal objects and a kit comprising a mixture according to the invention and certain acid hardeners. The invention further relates to the use of a mixture according to the invention as cold-setting binder and the use of said mixtures or reaction mixtures in a no-bake process for producing metal objects.

Abstract: A filtration media is disclosed comprising functionalized particles distributed throughout a sintered porous matrix, the sintered porous matrix derived from a combination of components comprising first ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene initially comprising a plurality of non-porous particles having a first shape that is substantially spherical; second ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene initially comprising a plurality of non-spherical perforated particles having a second shape that is convoluted; and third ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene initially comprising a plurality of non-spherical perforated particles having a third shape that is convoluted, wherein the functionalized particles comprise a range from about 20% by weight to about 90% by weight of the sintered porous matrix.

Abstract: The fluorescent substance according to one embodiment of the present invention has the following compositional formula (1): [Compositional formula 1] SrySi(6?z)AlzOzN(8?z):Rex. Here, x, y and z are respectively 0.005?x?0.05, 0.05?y?0.5, 0.001?z?0.50, and Re is a rare earth element. As a result, the fluorescent substance according to one embodiment of the present invention can exhibit a short wavelength of between 525 nm and 537 nm when the concentration of strontium is between 0.05 moles and 0.5 moles. Also, the fluorescent substance can exhibit a short wavelength of between 525 nm and 537 nm by the addition of barium in a range of between 0.003 moles and 0.125 moles when the concentration of aluminium is high. Also, the fluorescent substance can exhibit a short wavelength of between 525 nm and 537 nm by adjusting the oxygen concentration by the addition not only of AlN but also of Al2O3 as an aluminium precursor when the concentration of aluminium is high.

Abstract: A novel type of green luminophore containing mixed rare-earth phosphates is produced from precursor particles having a mean diameter ranging from 1.5 to 15 microns; such particles have an inorganic core and a shell of a mixed lanthanum and/or cerium phosphate, optionally doped with terbium, evenly covering the inorganic core with a thickness greater than or equal to 300 nm.

Abstract: A system includes a gasification vessel configured to receive a fuel and an oxidizer. The system also includes a gasifier disposed in the gasification vessel. The gasifier is configured to partially oxidize the fuel and the oxidizer to generate a syngas. The system further includes a convective syngas cooler configured to cool the syngas via heat exchange with a coolant. The convective syngas cooler is disposed in an interior of the gasification vessel.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a formulation comprising at least one solvent and at least two functional compounds of the general formula (I) where A is a functional structural element, B is a solubility-promoting structural element and k is an integer in the range from 1 to 20, the molecular weight of the functional compound is at least 550 g/mol and the solubility-promoting structural element B conforms to the general formula (L-I) where Ar1, Ar2 is each, independently of one another, an aryl or heteroaryl group, which may be substituted by one or more radicals R of any desired type, X is in each case, independently of one another, N or CR2, preferably CH, R1, R2 is each, independently of one another, hydrogen, a straight-chain alkyl, alkoxy or thioalkoxy group having 1 to 40 C atoms or a branched or cyclic alkyl, alkoxy or thioalkoxy group having 3 to 40 C atoms or is a silyl group or a substituted keto group having 1 to 40 C atoms, an alkoxycarbonyl group having 2 to 40 C atoms, an aryloxycarbonyl group

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a polyvinyl copolymer in which one or more side-chain sulfonic acids are attached on the hydroxy group of polyvinyl alcohol or a polyvinyl phenol and a preparation method thereof, a dopant including the same, a conductive polymer composite including the dopant with a conductive polymer and a preparation method thereof, wherein the electrical conductivity, dispersibility, solubility, heat-resistance and environment-resistance of the conductive polymer composite can be enhanced by using the dopant including the copolymer.

Abstract: The present invention discloses an electrically conducting composition that include a charge transporting oligomer selected either from oligoanilines and/or oligothiophenes and electron accepting dopants; and further contain conductivity enhancing substances such as ionic liquids, or a nanoparticle, dissolved in a mixture of at least two solvents to achieve the desired formulation for making the electrically conductive layer for organic electronic devices.

Abstract: In some embodiments, the present invention provides graphene nanoribbon composites that include a polymer matrix and graphene nanoribbons that are dispersed in the polymer matrix. In more specific embodiments, the polymer matrix of the composite is an epoxy matrix, and the graphene nanoribbons of the composite include functionalized graphene nanoribbons. In further embodiments, the composites of the present invention further comprise metals, such as tin, copper, gold, silver, aluminum and combinations thereof. Additional embodiments of the present invention pertain to methods of making the graphene nanoribbon composites of the present invention. In some embodiments, such methods include mixing graphene nanoribbons with polymer precursors to form a mixture, and then curing the mixture to form the composite.

Abstract: A representative printable composition comprises a liquid or gel suspension of a plurality of conductive particles; a first solvent comprising a polyol or mixtures thereof, such as glycerin, and a second solvent comprising a carboxylic or dicarboxylic acid or mixtures thereof, such as glutaric acid. In various embodiments, the conductive particles are comprised of a metal, a semiconductor, an alloy of a metal and a semiconductor, or mixtures thereof, and may have sizes between about 5 nm to about 1.5 microns in any dimension. A representative conductive particle ink can be printed and annealed to produce a conductor.

Abstract: There is provided a conductive paste composition for an internal electrode of a multilayered ceramic electronic component including: a metal powder; and a chrome (Cr) or cobalt (Co) powder having a melting point higher than that of the metal powder. In the conductive paste composition for the internal electrode, the sintering shrinkage temperature of the internal electrode may be increased, and the connectivity of the internal electrode may be improved.

Abstract: This invention provides a method for using a polymer thick film conductor composition to form an electrical conductor in an electrical circuit, the method subjecting the deposited thick film conductor composition to photonic sintering. The invention also provides a method for reducing the resistance of an electrical conductor formed from a polymer thick film conductor composition, the method comprising the step of subjecting the electrical conductor to photonic sintering. The invention further provides devices containing electrical conductors made by these methods.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a solar cell electrode, comprising: preparing a semiconductor substrate having a preformed electrode on a front side, a back side, or both of the front and the back side of the semiconductor substrate; applying a conductive paste onto the preformed electrode, wherein the conductive paste comprises a conductive powder, an amorphous saturated polyester resin with glass transitional temperature (Tg) of 50° C. or lower, and an organic solvent; drying the applied conductive paste; putting a tab electrode on the dried conductive paste; and soldering the tab electrode.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for obtaining an aqueous solution where divalent metal cations, a phthalocyanine compound modified with an anionic functional group, and G-quadruplex are dissolved, the method comprising step of: mixing the divalent metal cations, the phthalocyanine compound modified with the anionic functional group, and the G-quadruplex into water so as to dissolve the phthalocyanine compound in the water.

Abstract: Disclosed is a maintenance liquid for property carrying out imprints excellent in patternability. The maintenance liquid for imprints of an ink-jet discharging device comprises a compound comprising an ester group and/or an ether group.

Abstract: The Roll Claw is a complementary tool with a purpose of using less stress force to do work. It is made with a rounded head and a claw end. It has a square portal that accepts a ratchet or pull handle of any make, and a round portal that accepts a chain link of any make where a tension strap with a hook can be attached. Measurements are noted in detailed explanations.

Abstract: A driving device in a vending machine includes a pushing member, a securing member, and a driving assembly. The motor of the driving assembly provides a rotating force which acts on the securing member, and the securing member supports and rotates the helical pushing member, to drive goods out of the vending machine. The style of attachment between the pushing member and the securing member is such that the starting angle of the helical pushing member can be adjusted by unclipping the end of the pushing member with fingertip force from the securing member and reclipping it at a different preferred orientation. The driving device is used for adjusting the appropriate rotation angle of the pushing member.

Abstract: The present invention includes a tool for extracting objects that are embedded in the ground; such as plants, posts, and cables. The extractor comprises a puller pole attached to a curved fulcrum and a parallel, offset, engagement pole. The object extractor includes a locator used for aligning objects with the object extractor. The engagement pole incorporates cabling and ratcheting systems, which assist in the tightening of the embedded object to the apparatus. An individual then applies sufficient pulling force to the puller pole resulting in extraction of the object from the ground.

Abstract: A fence stretcher for use in building fences that can be used by one person and is able to stretch fence wire under a constant tension. The fence stretcher has a winch assembly to which a tensioning cable is connected. A wire grabber is attached to the tensioning cable and is used to securely hold the fence wire. The winch assembly is used to stretch the fence wire such that the fence wire is tensioned, at which point a brake assembly is engaged. The brake assembly allows the fence wire to be fed to the user at the user's desired tension level. A mount assembly allows the present invention to be attached to a brace structure at the desired height for laying the fence. The fence stretcher is able to automatically feed any type of wire or cable across any type of terrain while following the contours of the terrain.

Abstract: A length-adjustable telescopic tube (1) has a longitudinal axis (L), an inner tube (2) and an outer tube (4). In one of the tubes (2, 4) a component (20) is arranged, which features first attachment structures (28a, 28b). The tube (2, 4) has second attachment structures. Furthermore, at least one plug-in element (50, 60, and 70) with third attachment structures (58, 68, and 78) is provided, which cooperate with the first (28a, 28b) and second attachment structures (48a, 48b) to form a form-locking connection with the component (20) in at least one direction along the longitudinal axis (L) or perpendicular to the longitudinal axis.

Abstract: A synchronous lifting or lowering system with hydraulic cylinders controlled by parallel-connected lift valves having two fluid passages. Hydraulic fluid for extending or retracting the actuators is delivered by a hydraulic supply system alternating between the two passages. Each time the supply circuit alternates passages, a fixed volume of hydraulic fluid is transferred during lifting or received during lowering by the respective lift or lowering valves to or from the cylinders causing the rods to lift or lower a proportionate amount. All of the rods extend during advancement or retract during lowering by approximately the same increment each time the supply circuit alternates passages. Because the rods all extend or retract the same increment each cycle, the load is lifted or lowered evenly and the need for height sensors or transducers is eliminated.

Abstract: A semiconductor memory device according to an embodiment comprises: a semiconductor substrate; and a memory cell block formed on the semiconductor substrate and configured having a plurality of memory cell arrays, each of the memory cell arrays including a plurality of column lines, a plurality of row lines, and a plurality of memory cells disposed at each of intersections of the plurality of column lines and the plurality of row lines, each of the memory cells including a variable resistance element having a transition metal oxide as a material, at least one of the plurality of column lines and the plurality of row lines being a polysilicon wiring line having polysilicon as a material, and the memory cell block including a block film between the variable resistance element of the memory cell and the polysilicon wiring line.