Abstract: Spectral filtering device comprising: a dielectric substrate; a first filter capable of acting as a passband filter in the visible range and comprising a plurality of first nanostructures with a uniform spacing between each other and each comprising a portion of dielectric material arranged between two portions of metallic material such that one of the two portions of metallic material is arranged between the substrate and the portion of dielectric material; a second filter capable of acting as a passband filter in the infrared range and comprising a plurality of second nanostructures with a uniform spacing between each other and each comprising a portion of dielectric material of which only one face is in contact with a portion of metallic material.

Abstract: A projection lens configured to form an image from an image source which is disposed at an object side is provided. The projection lens includes a lens group and an aspheric mirror. The lens group has a first optical axis, and an intermediate image is formed by the lens group from the image source. The aspheric mirror has a second optical axis and an aspheric surface. The lens group is disposed between the object side and the aspheric mirror. The aspheric surface faces the lens group and reflects the intermediate image to form the image at an image side. The first optical axis is not coaxial with the second optical axis, and an offset of the image relative to the first optical axis is larger than or equal to 100%.

Abstract: Provided is an advanced grid structure manufactured by a lamination step of laminating a first tape prepreg group, a second tape prepreg group, and a third tape prepreg group repeatedly in the stated order on a forming die, in which grooves (2, 3, 4) in a lattice shape are formed in three directions, so as to provide crossing regions (7, 8, 9) in which two tape prepreg groups overlap each other, and a heating forming step of forming a laminate by heating under pressure. In the lamination step, the first tape prepreg group, the second tape prepreg group, and the third tape prepreg group are respectively laminated as one layer in crossing regions (7, 8, 9) so that a tape width is maintained, and laminated in non-crossing regions (2a, 3a, 4a) in a state of being folded as two layers in a width direction thereof.

Abstract: A microscope includes a light source; a condenser lens irradiating a sample with a light from the light source; an objective facing the condenser lens across the sample; a first polarization plate placed between the light source and the condenser lens; a condenser turret placed between the first polarization plate and the condenser lens and having a plurality of optical elements placed inside; a polarization plate placed on the image side with respect to the objective; and a compensator placed between the first polarization plate and the polarization plate. In the microscope, according to the observation method, an optical element to be placed in an optical path among the plurality of optical elements placed inside the condenser turret is switched by rotation of the condenser turret.

Abstract: A surgical microscope objective has an adjustable focal intercept and defines an optical axis. The objective has an objective body wherein a negative member is fixed and in which a positive member can be displaced. The negative member faces toward the object and has a lateral edge. The positive member is held in a frame, which is guided on a first guiding section formed on the objective body so it can move in the direction of the optical axis using a first guiding part. The positive member is guided on a second guiding section, which is formed on the objective body, using a second guiding part connected to the frame of the positive member and movable between the lateral edge of the negative member and the objective body. The second guiding part is offset from the first guiding part in the direction of the optical axis facing the negative member.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a fluorescence observation device, a domed base and a fluorescence microscope. The fluorescence observation device includes a dome, a multi-angle light-emitting unit and a controller unit. The dome includes a transparent thermal insulation layer and a heat sink layer. The multi-angle light-emitting unit includes multiple directional narrow light field electro-luminescence devices thermally connected to the heat sink layer and adapted to emit light at different angles to pass through the transparent thermal insulation layer. The narrow light field electro-luminescence devices are selectively activated to emit light by the controller unit, so that the illumination angle of the multi-angle light-emitting unit can be adjusted. The fluorescence observation device can be combined with a base to constitute the domed base. Alternatively, narrow light field electro-luminescence devices are mounted on the base.

Abstract: A specimen slide (100) having a sample region (101) in which a sample (200) that can be investigated microscopically can be arranged, and that comprises reference points (A-Z, 1-24, a-j, ?-?) arranged at least in the sample region (101), is proposed. The reference points (A-Z, 1-24, a-j, ?-?) are embodied in such a way that on the basis of an identification of at least a stipulated number of reference points (A-Z, 1-24, a-j, ?-?) in an arbitrary sub-region (102) of the sample region (101), the position of the arbitrary sub-region (102), and/or at least one position therein, on the specimen slide (100) can be unequivocally determined A method for determining and/or retrieving a position on a corresponding specimen slide, and a corresponding sample investigation system, are likewise subjects of the invention.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an optical projection system for a display, and more particularly to an optical projection system for a head-up display with improved light efficiency.

Abstract: A dual projection system includes a projector, a partially transparent white film, and a partially transparent black film. The still or motion image from the projector is projected directly on the partially transparent white film. The partially transparent black film is disposed behind the partially transparent white film with an gap. The partially transparent white film reflects and displays a first portion of the still or motion image thereon for a first observer inside. The partially transparent black film allows a second portion of the still or motion image transmitted through the partially transparent white film transmitted therethrough for a second observer outside.

Abstract: The present disclosure discloses a driving method of three-dimensional (3D) shutter type glasses and a driving circuit thereof. In a driving method of the 3D shutter type glasses, a left lens is transparent in its transparent cycles and dosed in its shutdown cycles, and a right lens is transparent in its transparent cycles and closed in its shutdown cycles the driving circuit of the 3D shutter type glasses executes a step of at least outputting a section of low-level signals in one transparent cycle of each lens. The present disclosure can effectively improve the flash of the 3D shutter type glasses.

Abstract: A display element for viewing a display such as, for example, a display on an electronic device. The display element comprises a transparent substrate and a scattering anti-glare layer located between a front surface and back surface of the display element, wherein the scattering anti-glare layer comprises a plurality of scattering elements. The scattering anti-glare layer has low reflectivity and provides an anti-glare effect for light reflected by interfaces within the display element.

Abstract: The disclosure describes a polymer brush structure exhibiting birefringence, said polymer brush structure comprising a plurality of substantially parallel oriented polymers and characterized by a longitudinal z-direction having a first refractive index, nz, and a lateral x,y-direction having a second refractive index, nx,y, wherein the difference, ?n, between the first refractive index and the second refractive index is in a range of about 0.1 to about 0.6, as measured by ellipsometry and fit to a Cauchy analytical model.

Abstract: An imaging apparatus (100) includes an outer shell (1) having a spherical inner surface, a camera body (2) configured to be movable inside the outer shell (1) and to shoot an image of an object outside the outer shell (1) through the outer shell (1), first to third drivers (26A-26C) attached to the camera body (2) and configured to drive the camera body (2) with the first to third drivers (26A-26C) contacting an inner surface of the outer shell (1), and a cleaner (7) configured to clean up a foreign substance on the inner surface of the outer shell (1).

Abstract: An opto-electric device is presented that comprises an opto-electric element (10) enclosed by a barrier structure (20) for inhibiting a transmission of moisture from an environment towards the opto-electric element. The barrier structure includes a stack of layers comprising at least an inorganic layer (22) and a moisture getter material in a layer arranged between the inorganic layer and the opto-electric element. The stack includes a lateral diffusion layer (26), wherein the getter material is present in a separate getter layer (24) arranged between the opto-electric element (10) and the lateral diffusion layer (26) and/or the getter material is present in the lateral diffusion layer (26).

Abstract: Disclosed are an optical member, a display device including the same and a method of manufacturing the same. The optical member includes a wavelength conversion layer; and a capping part covering lateral sides of the wavelength conversion layer. The capping part includes an organic substance and an inorganic substance to improve the sealing function of the wavelength conversion layer.

Abstract: To provide an antireflection stack, whereby a reflected color is moderate, and a multicolorization is suppressed. The antireflection stack 1 comprises a substrate 2 and an antireflection layer 3 stacked on the substrate 2. The antireflection layer 3 has a four-layer structure and comprises, sequentially from the substrate side, a first layer 31, a second layer 32, a third layer 33 and a fourth layer 34. Further, the first layer 31 has a refractive index of from 1.6 to 1.9, the second layer 32 has a refractive index of from 2.2 to 2.5, the third layer 33 has a refractive index of from 2.0 to 2.3, the fourth layer 34 has a refractive index of from 1.2 to 1.5, and the refractive index of the second layer 32 is larger than that of the third layer 33.

Abstract: Lens apparatus includes adjacent concave and convex lens surfaces adjacent with an air layer therebetween. At least one of the lens surfaces includes an antireflection film including multiple subwavelength structures at an average pitch of 400 nm or smaller. The surface satisfies: 0.7<R1/R2<1.3, and |?2??1|>15°, provided that: D=f/FNo, ?1=sin?1(D/(2×fi)), and ?2=sin?1((h×D)/R2), where f and FNo represent focal length and F-number of the entire optical system, f1 represents focal length of an optical system on object side with respect to the air layer between the lens surfaces, h represents axial conversion beam height on the at least one surface having anti-reflection film, R1 and R2 represent curvature radii of surfaces of respective object and image sides between the lens surfaces.

Abstract: An object is to provide an image display sheet capable of realizing a smooth pseudo moving image and observing the image with reduced in discomfort. A configuration is provided in which a lenticular sheet composed of an arrangement of a plurality of cylindrical lenses 1a and an image forming layer 3 are laminated, and the image display sheet is formed capable of observing an image formed on the image forming layer 3 from the convex shape side of the cylindrical lenses 1a of the lenticular sheet, as a virtual image with movement, or movement and deformation. The image forming layer 3 is formed repeatedly with a plurality of images 3 for displaying virtual images in association with the cylindrical lenses 1a so as to correspond to the cylindrical lenses 1a, respectively, one-on-one, and difference between an arrangement pitch length A of the cylindrical lenses 1a and a pitch length B of the repeatedly formed images 3a formed on the image forming layer 3 is in a range of 0% to 10%.

Abstract: An arrangement for shaping laser radiation with mutually spaced-apart parallel sub-beams in a first direction perpendicular to a propagation direction of laser radiation, including a first substrate with several reflective surfaces on which the sub-beams reflects, and a second substrate with several reflective surfaces and being offset relative to the first substrate, so that the sub-beams reflected by the reflective surfaces of the first substrate reflects by the reflective surfaces of the second substrate, wherein the reflective surfaces of the first substrate and the reflective surfaces of the second substrate are arranged and configured such that the sub-beams of the laser radiation to be shaped can be reflected in such a way that they have after the reflection on the reflective surfaces of the second substrate in the first direction a smaller spacing from one another than before the reflection on the reflective surfaces of the first substrate.

Abstract: A head mounted image display device includes: a frame including a front section having a nose pad; a light transmitter supported by the front section and allowing visible light to pass therethrough; an optical scanner that receives signal light modulated according to an image signal and made incident thereon and that two-dimensionally scans the incident signal light toward the light transmitter; a half mirror on a surface on which the signal light from the optical scanner is incident and having a curved surface that reflects the signal light; and a condensing lens on an optical axis between the optical scanner and the half mirror and condensing the signal light from the optical scanner between the optical scanner and the half mirror to convert the signal light reflected by the half mirror into parallel light.

Abstract: A heads-up display comprises a housing. A display panel is disposed within the housing. An objective lens is disposed within the housing. An achromatic lens is disposed within the housing between the display panel and the objective lens.

Abstract: A light blocking member that is a light blocking structure disposed in an exit pupil position can remove in advance a light component of video image light that undergoes unintended reflection to avoid generation of ghost light and allows formation of a satisfactory image. Further, a projection lens and other components form an intermediate image in a prism, and the video image light totally reflected off at least two surfaces of the prism, a third surface, a first surface, and a second surface in this order, passes through the first surface and reaches an eye of a viewer, whereby the prism can be thin and the overall optical system can be compact and lightweight and provide wide angle, bright, high-performance display.

Abstract: A camera lens module in which an optical system is configured to include five sheets of lenses is provided. In the camera lens module, first, second, third, fourth and fifth lenses are sequentially arranged from an object side, and the first lens performs a zooming operation while moving along an optical axis. Accordingly, the optical system is configured to include five sheets of lenses for performance of a zooming operation and to allow only the first lens to perform the zooming operation, so that it is possible to manufacture a high-resolution optical system in a compact size and to perform the zooming operation at a high speed.

Abstract: A first lens group including two aspherical lenses, a second lens group consisting of three negative meniscus lenses, each negative meniscus lens having a convex surface facing the enlargement side, a third lens group having a negative refractive power and including at least one cemented lens, and a fourth lens group having a positive refractive power and including at least two cemented lenses and one aspherical lens are arranged in this order from the enlargement side. Predetermined conditional expressions are satisfied.

Abstract: One embodiment provides an annular optical device (100), comprising: an annular meso-optic (1) including an annulus (11) centered about an axis of revolution (A); and a secondary optical structure (2) substantially coaxial within the annulus (11) of the annular meso-optic (1), wherein the secondary optical structure (2) and the annular meso-optic (1) are separated by a media (12) comprising a media refractive index that is lower than a secondary optical structure refractive index, with the secondary optical structure (2) being configured to hold a specimen to be radiated by impinging electromagnetic radiation directed into the secondary optical structure (2) substantially along the axis of revolution (A), wherein re-directed radiation from the specimen is allowed into the annular meso-optic (1) by the secondary optical structure (2) if an angle of incidence of the re-directed radiation exceeds the angle of Total Internal Reflectance. Other embodiments are described and claimed.

Abstract: This invention provides an image capturing lens system comprising: a positive first lens element having a convex object-side surface; a negative second lens element having a concave object-side surface and a convex image-side surface; a third lens element with refractive power; a positive fourth lens element having a convex image-side surface, both of the object-side and image-side surfaces being aspheric; a fifth lens element with refractive power having a concave image-side surface, both of the object-side and image-side surfaces being aspheric, at least one inflection point is positioned on the image-side surface thereof. When some particular relations are satisfied, the light-focusing spots of various wavelengths can be favorably adjusted for extending the depth of field; therefore, the present image capturing lens system shall be suitable for compact electronic products with Extended Depth of Field (EDOF) function.

Abstract: An photographing optical lens assembly includes, in order from an object side to an image side, a first lens element with refractive power including a convex object-side surface, a second lens element with positive refractive power including a convex image-side surface, a third lens element with positive refractive power including a concave object-side surface and a convex image-side surface, a fourth lens element with negative refractive power, and a fifth lens element with positive refractive power including a convex object-side surface, a concave image-side surface and at least one inflection point. The surfaces of the fifth lens element are aspheric. By adjusting the photographing optical lens assembly, the total length of the photographing optical lens assembly is reduced, the aberration is corrected, and the image quality is improved.

Abstract: An image capturing lens which substantially consists of five lenses, composed of a first aspherical lens having a convex surface on the object side and a positive refractive power; a second aspherical lens having a concave surface on the image side and a negative refractive power; a third aspherical lens having a positive refractive power near the optical axis; a fourth aspherical lens having a negative refractive power; and a fifth aspherical lens which is a meniscus lens having a concave surface on the image side and a negative refractive power, arranged in this order from the object side, and satisfies predetermined conditional expressions.

Abstract: A lens assembly of optical imaging system includes a first lens element, a second lens element, and a third lens element. The first lens element with positive refractive power has a convex object-side surface near an optical axis. The second lens element with negative refractive power has a concave object-side surface near the optical axis, and is made of plastic. The object-side surface and the image-side surface of the second lens element are aspheric. The third lens element with negative refractive power has an image-side surface being concave near the optical axis and convex away from the optical axis, and is made of plastic. The object-side surface and the image-side surface of the third lens element are aspheric.

Abstract: A reflective type telephoto lens and a photographing apparatus including the reflective type telephoto lens are provided. The reflective type telephoto lens includes: a first lens that receives an incident flux of light from an object side; a main mirror including a reflective unit that reflects light transmitted through the first lens toward the object side, and a transmission portion disposed on a center portion thereof; a sub-mirror group including a sub-mirror that reflects light from the main mirror toward an image side; and a focusing lens group that focuses the light reflected by the sub-mirror.

Abstract: An imaging lens consists of a negative first lens, a negative second lens, a third lens of a plano-convex shape having a convex surface directed toward an object side or of a positive meniscus shape having a convex surface directed toward the object side, and a fourth lens of a plano-convex shape having a convex surface directed toward an image side or of a positive meniscus shape having a convex surface directed toward the image side, which are arranged in this order from the object side. Further, the following conditional formula (3) is satisfied: 1.0<|f2/f|<2.6??(3), where f: a focal length of an entire system, and f2: a focal length of the second lens.

Abstract: An imaging lens includes a first lens having positive refractive power; a second lens having negative refractive power; a third lens having positive refractive power; a fourth lens having positive refractive power; a fifth lens having negative refractive power; and a sixth lens having negative refractive power. The first lens has an object-side with a positive curvature radius. The second lens has object-side and image plane-side surfaces with positive curvature radii. The third lens has an image plane-side surface with a negative curvature radius. The fourth lens has object-side and image plane-side surfaces with negative curvature radii. The fifth lens has object-side and image plane-side surfaces with negative curvature radii. The sixth lens has strong positive refractive power close to a periphery, and an aspheric image plane-side surface having an inflexion point. The first to sixth lenses have specific Abbe's numbers to satisfy specific conditions.

Abstract: An optical device is to be disposed between a test screen and a test camera that captures an image on the test screen through the optical device. The optical device includes first, second, third and fourth lenses arranged from a camera side to a screen side in the given order. The first lens has a shape factor ranging from ?10 to 5, the second lens is a positive lens and has a shape factor ranging from ?15 to 2, the third lens is a positive lens and has a shape factor ranging from ?30 to 1, and the fourth lens is a positive lens and has a shape factor ranging from ?30 to 1. A ratio of a focal length of the optical device to that of the test camera ranges from 1 to 80.

Abstract: A fixed focus lens comprising, sequentially from an object side, a first lens group having a positive refractive power; a second lens group having a negative refractive power; and a third lens group having a positive refractive power. The first lens group includes an aperture stop. The second lens group is configured by a single lens element. During focusing, the second lens group moves along an optical axis and the first lens group and the third lens group are fixed with respect to an imaging plane.

Abstract: A multilayer lens assembly includes a first lens, a spacer, and a second lens stacked in sequence. The first lens, the second lens and spacer are made of photo-curing materials. The transmittances of the first lens and the second lens are greater than 95% and refractive indexes thereof are greater than 1. The transmittance of the spacer is greater than 95% and the refractive index thereof is greater than 1. The refractive index of the spacer is not identical to the refractive indexes of the first lens and the second lens. Opposite sides of the spacer are respectively affixed to the first lens and the second lens.

Abstract: A lens focusing device includes a lens holder for holding a lens therein, a base, and an electrically conductive spring member elastically connected to between the lens holder and the base. The base is provided on a side wall with two terminal recesses, in which two connecting terminals are disposed. The connecting terminals respectively include a first terminal portion forward extended along a light axis to electrically connect to the spring member, a second terminal portion rearward extended along the light axis, and a connecting portion located between the first and the second terminal portion. The spring member is further electrically connected to two ends of a winding wound around the lens holder, so that external electric current can be supplied to the winding via the connecting terminals and the spring member for driving the lens holder to move relative to the base along the light axis.

Abstract: A lens focusing device includes a lens holder, a winding fitted around the lens holder, and an outer case enclosing the lens holder therein. The outer case includes an outer wall portion, and multiple inner wall portions connected to the outer wall portion via multiple connecting portions. The inner wall portions are located between the lens holder and the winding, and respectively include an inner surface, an outer surface, and a first and a second side surface. The lens holder is formed on an outer face with confining areas, each of which includes a main surface and a first and a second raised side surface respectively facing against the inner surface and the first and second side surfaces, so that the inner wall portions are limited to move relative to the lens holder only within the confining areas. Therefore, the lens focusing device is impact-resistant and undue-twisting protected.

Abstract: Provided is a lens unit comprising an actuator that is self-supporting when at a stopped position. The lens unit comprises a holding frame that holds a lens; a movement actuator that moves the holding frame, which is connected to a moving member that moves linearly relative to a stator, when drive force is generated, and does not prevent the moving member from moving relative to the stator when the moving member is stopped; and a braking actuator that stops the moving member from moving relative to the stator, using frictional force, when the movement actuator is not generating the drive force, and decreases the frictional force when the movement actuator generates the drive force.

Abstract: Disclosed is a device for adjusting the curvature of a mirror comprising: a base block; a pair of rotating blocks which are connected to the base block by one or more elastic bodies, respectively, and rotate around the connection portions between the base block and the elastic bodies or elastically return to through the application or release of external forces; a pair of support blocks which are disposed at the pair of rotating blocks, respectively, to support both ends of the mirror and apply bending moments to the both ends of the mirror by the rotation of the pair of rotating blocks; and a driving part for rotating the pair of rotating blocks.

Abstract: The present invention includes devices and related systems and methods for securing accessories to a mobile electronic device. In one embodiment, a device and system for attaching a decorative accessory to a mobile phone is provided. The device and system comprise of a connector base sized to fit the audio jack of a mobile phone and an attachment platform for one or more decorative or functional accessories that is removably attached to the connector base. In one aspect of at least one embodiment, the connector base is comprised of a continuous shaft with two ends and attached near one end to a pin which inserts into the audio jack. In one aspect of at least one embodiment, the attachment platform is comprised of a clip, pivot assembly and shoulder on which the accessory resides.

Abstract: A display device including a pattern includes a plurality of color filters corresponding to one or more subpixels forming pixels of the display device, and a black matrix formed between the plurality of color filters, wherein the one or more subpixels include one or more marks representing absolute positions of the respective pixels of the display device, and each of the subpixels includes symmetric marks at a left side and a right side of the subpixel. Accordingly, the quantity of light emitted from each of Red, Green, and Blue subpixels is uniform, and the generated pattern has marks that are positioned where the pattern noise is minimized, is provided, thereby providing an improved image quality display device.

Abstract: Described embodiments provide an interleaved sampler having N sample and hold circuits for sampling an input signal, and M multiplexers. Each multiplexer is adapted to couple all N of the plurality of sample and hold circuits to a respective output of the interleaved sampler. The interleaved sampler samples at a sample rate of fs, has an interleaved sampling period of M/fs, where M is greater than one and less than N. Because there are more sample and hold circuits than there are samples taken during an interleaved sampling period, different combinations of the sample and hold circuits are used from interleaved sample period to interleaved sample period. This reduces spurious tones generated from offset voltages when using interleaved sample and hold circuits. The order of the sample and hold circuits are clocked might be random, pseudorandom, or a fixed pattern longer than the interleaved sampling period.

Abstract: A system includes a management module transferring sectors between an interface or a memory and ports. The management module transfers a first portion of a first sector to or from a first port while transferring to or from a second port a second portion of the first sector or a first portion of a second sector. A first channel module reads from or writes to a first surface of a disk via a first head by transferring the first portion of the first sector to or from a first amplifier module. A second channel module, while the first channel module transfers the first portion of the first sector to or from the first amplifier module, reads from or writes to a second surface of the disk via a second head by transferring to or from a second amplifier module the second portion or the first portion of the second sector.

Abstract: A head rotator assembly (22) for positioning a head (20) of a tape drive (10) relative to a storage tape includes a head supporter (230) and a supporter mover assembly (232). The head supporter (230) is coupled to and supports the head (20). The supporter mover assembly (232) selectively rotates a portion of the head supporter (230) about an axis (241) to move the head (20) in an azimuth direction relative to the storage tape as the storage tape moves over the head (20). The head rotator assembly (22) further includes a controller (16) that controls movement of the supporter mover assembly (232) based at least partially on a positioning signal. The supporter mover assembly (232) can include a first actuator (234A) and a first lever (236A). The first actuator (234A) moves the first lever (236A) to rotate the head supporter (230) so that the head (20) moves in the azimuth direction. The first actuator (234A) can include a piezoelectric element.

Abstract: The invention relates to a spindle motor that comprises a stationary motor component having a shaft and an annular stopper part disposed at a free end of the shaft as well as a rotatable motor component that is rotatably supported by means of a fluid dynamic bearing system with respect to the stationary motor component. The rotatable motor component is driven by an electromagnetic drive system. A housing cover covers the spindle motor. The invention is characterized in that the shaft has a step on which a stopper part rests, the end face of the stopper part projecting axially beyond the end face of the shaft, and the housing cover resting only on the end face of the stopper part but not on the end face of the shaft.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a magneto-resistance effect element includes: a first shield; a second shield; a first side shield layer; a second side shield layer; a stacked body; a first shield guide layer; and a second shield guide layer. The first shield guide layer includes a fifth magnetic layer provided between the first side shield layer and the stacked body. The second shield guide layer includes a sixth magnetic layer provided between the second side shield layer and the stacked body. A distance between the first side shield layer and the first shield guide layer is shorter than a distance between the stacked body and the first shield guide layer. A distance between the second side shield layer and the second shield guide layer is shorter than a distance between the stacked body and the second shield guide layer.

Abstract: A method is provided for eliminating an electrical short circuit that can be caused by a filamentary tin crystal in an electronics assembly in particular of a motor vehicle. The method includes, but is not limited to providing the electronics assembly, that includes, but is not limited to electrical components with connectors and conductor paths for connecting the components. The components have configurable inputs and outputs. At least two of the inputs and outputs of the electrical components are configured so as to form an input connector and an output connector so that in the event of the electrical short circuit caused by the filamentary tin crystal, a short circuit current flows between the input connector and the output connector, which short circuit current is high enough to destroy the filamentary tin crystal.

Abstract: An energy power converter system is provided. According to one embodiment, the system includes a plurality of parallel converters; a main transformer with a separate magnetic path for magnetic fields are generated in the transformer by a summation of currents coming from the plurality of parallel converters electrically coupled to the main transformer; and a converter control device electrically coupled to the plurality of parallel converters and the main transformer. The converter control device may be configured to discontinue electrical flow in the system based at least in part on detection of an electrical fault condition.

Abstract: An earth fault detection circuit for detecting an earth fault between a high-voltage battery and a motor includes: an A.C. signal generation portion generating an A.C. signal; a first capacitive element between the A.C. signal generation portion and one end side of the high-voltage battery; a voltage dividing circuit dividing a voltage on the one end side of the high-voltage battery; an earth fault detection portion detecting the earth fault between the high-voltage battery and the motor based on an earth fault detection signal inputted thereto; and a second capacitive element inputting an A.C. component of the voltage, on the one end side of the high-voltage battery, which is obtained by the voltage division in the voltage dividing circuit as the earth fault detection signal to the earth fault detection portion.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods for a protective multiplexer, among other things, are provided. In an example, a protective multiplexer circuit can include a first switch that in a first state can be configured to couple an input of a power supply to at least one of first or second signal nodes of a passgate when a first voltage of the at least one of the first or second signal nodes is below a first limit voltage.