Abstract: A nonvolatile memory apparatus includes a memory cell area including memory cells for storing data input from an external apparatus, a redundancy cell area including memory cells configured to substitute failed memory cells, and a flag cell area including memory cells for storing whether most significant bits of the memory cells have been programmed. The flag cell area is configured in a part of the redundancy cell area.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for selectively retiring blocks based on refresh events of those blocks. In addition to refresh events, other criteria may be applied in making a decision whether to retire a block. By applying the criteria, the system is able to selectively retire blocks that may otherwise continue to be refreshed.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a memory cell array that is divided into a plurality of memory cell mats by a plurality of sense amplifier arrays. Each of the plurality of memory cell mats includes a plurality of word lines and a test circuit for performing a test control to activate, at one time, a plurality of word lines included in each of a plurality of selected memory cell mats that are not disposed adjacent each other in the plurality of memory cell mats. The memory cell mats with the plurality of activated word lines are distributed. Therefore, the load applied to a driver circuit for driving word lines and the load applied to a power supply circuit for supplying an operation voltage to the driver circuit are reduced.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a differential circuit and a power supply circuit that provides a power supply to the differential circuit. Current to be supplied to the differential circuit by the power supply circuit is controlled, based on logics of a burn-in mode signal and an activation control signal for the differential circuit.

Abstract: A low read current architecture for memory. Bit lines of a cross point memory array are allowed to be charged by a selected word line until a minimum voltage differential between a memory state and a reference level is assured.

Abstract: A semiconductor memory device including an open bit line structure is disclosed. The semiconductor memory device including an open bit line structure includes a first mat, a second mat contiguous to the first mat, a first sense amplifier coupled to a first bit line of the first mat, a second sense amplifier coupled to a second bit line of the first mat and a third bit line of the second mat, a third sense amplifier coupled to a fourth bit line of the second mat, and a plurality of bit line precharge voltage providers for varying a level of a bit line precharge voltage provided to the first, second, and third sense amplifiers, selectively providing the resultant bit line precharge voltage level, and providing the same voltage as that of data of a selected cell to a non-selected sense amplifier during a read operation.

Abstract: A method of operating a memory device includes masking at least one bank among a plurality of banks in response to a mode register writing command; and performing a refresh operation on a plurality of rows in one of unmasked banks in response to a first per-bank refresh command.

Abstract: Circuits, devices and methods are provided, such as an amplifier (e.g., a voltage regulator) that includes a feedback circuit that supplies negative feedback through a feedback path. One such feedback path includes a capacitance coupled in series with a “one-way” isolation circuit through which a feedback signal is coupled. The “one-way” isolation circuit may allow the feedback signal to be coupled from a “downstream” node, such as an output node, to an “upstream” node, such as a node at which an error signal is generated to provide negative feedback. However, the “one-way” isolation circuit may substantially prevent variations in the voltage at the upstream node from being coupled to the capacitance in the isolation circuit. As a result, the voltage at the upstream node may quickly change since charging and discharging of the capacitance responsive to voltage variations at the upstream node may be avoided.

Abstract: Some embodiments include a voltage generator to generate a voltage to apply to a line used to access a memory cell of a memory device in which the voltage is applied to the line when the memory cell is not being accessed, and a power controller to cause the voltage to change during a time interval after a refresh operation of the memory device. Other embodiments including additional apparatus, systems, and methods are disclosed.

Abstract: A solution is provided to flexibly choose a combination of flash memory devices to reduce the overall cost of the flash memory devices or increase the overall utilization of the flash memory devices, while satisfying the capacity requirements for the flash memory devices in a system design, wherein a decoding unit is used for determining which flash memory devices will be accessed and re-mapping incoming serial addressing bits, for accessing one flash memory device, into an outgoing serial addressing bits for accessing another flash memory device.

Abstract: Memory subsystems and methods, such as those involving a memory cell array formed over a semiconductor material of a first type, such as p-type substrate. In at least one such subsystem, all of the transistors used to selectively access cells within the array are transistors of a second type, such as n-type transistors. Local word line drivers are coupled to respective word lines extending through the array. Each local word line drivers includes at least one transistor. However, all of the transistors in the local word line drivers are of the second type. A well of semiconductor material of the second type, is also formed in the material of the first type, and a plurality of global word line drivers are formed using the well. Other subsystems and methods are disclosed.

Abstract: A device includes a command decoder that is configured to output, in a normal operation mode, a precharge signal in response to a first type transition edge of a synchronous signal, and an active signal in response to a next first type transition edge that is next to the first type transition edge. The command decoder is configured to output, in a test mode, the precharge signal in response to a second type transition edge of the synchronous signal, and the active signal in response to a next first type transition edge that is next to the second type transition edge.

Abstract: A semiconductor memory device includes a plurality of address input blocks configured to respectively receive a plurality of addresses that are related to burst ordering and a control circuit configured to selectively disable all or a part of the address input blocks in response to a burst length information during a write operation mode.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes: an interface chip including a read timing control circuit that outputs, in response to a command signal and a clock signal supplied from the outside, a plurality of read control signals that are each in synchronization with the clock signal and have different timings; and core chips including a plurality of internal circuits that are stacked on the interface chip and each perform an operation indicated by the command signal in synchronization with the read control signals. According to the present invention, it is unnecessary to control latency in the core chips and therefore to supply the clock signal to the core chips.

Abstract: A system is provided for use with a DRAM, a DQS signal provider, a clock signal provider, a DQS line and a clock line. The DQS line can provide the DQS signal from the DQS signal provider to the DRAM. The clock line can provide the clock signal from the clock signal provider to the DRAM. The system includes a clock delay determining portion, a DQS delay determining portion, and adjustment portion and a controlling portion. The clock delay determining portion can determine a clock delay. The DQS delay determining portion can determine a DQS delay. The adjustment portion can generate an adjustment value based on the clock delay and the DQS delay. The controlling portion can instruct the DQS signal provider to adjust a time of providing a second DQS signal based on the adjustment value, wherein the clock delay is less than the DQS delay.

Abstract: In a low-power signaling system, an integrated circuit device includes an open loop-clock distribution circuit and a transmit circuit that cooperate to enable high-speed transmission of information-bearing symbols unaccompanied by source-synchronous timing references. The open-loop clock distribution circuit generates a transmit clock signal in response to an externally-supplied clock signal, and the transmit circuit outputs a sequence of symbols onto an external signal line in response to transitions of the transmit clock signal. Each of the symbols is valid at the output of the transmit circuit for a symbol time and a phase offset between the transmit clock signal and the externally-supplied clock signal is permitted to drift by at least the symbol time.

Abstract: A wide-azimuth marine seismic survey system according to one or more aspects of the present disclosure may include a streamer array; a first source towed from a first vessel; a second source towed from a second vessel; and a supplemental offset source towed from the first vessel and the second vessel.

Abstract: A method for towing a streamer array includes moving a vessel along a body of water. Streamers are towed by vessel. A relative position is determined at selected points along each streamer with respect to the vessel. At least one of the streamers is deflected at least one longitudinal position along the streamer in response to the determined positions to maintain the streamers in a selected geometry. The selected geometry is related to one of survey vessel heading, energy source trajectory, previously plotted sensor trajectory and a lateral separation related to distance from the towing vessel.

Abstract: A method for processing seismic data. The method includes receiving the seismic data acquired at two or more sensors on a towed marine survey and regularizing the received seismic data into a spatial domain. After regularizing the seismic data, the method includes classifying the regularized seismic data below and equal to a predetermined frequency as low-frequency seismic data. The method then calculates a set of low-frequency Green's functions using interferometry on the low-frequency seismic data described above. The method then processes high-frequency seismic data of the seismic data to create a set of high-frequency Green's functions at one or more source locations of the towed marine survey. After creating the set of high-frequency Green's functions, the method merges the set of low-frequency Green's functions and the set of high-frequency Green's functions to create a set of broad-band Green's functions at the source locations.

Abstract: A method for verifying the accuracy of a wave velocity model. The method may include generating an extended image using the wave velocity model, operating on the extended image using an annihilator, where the extended images represent a geophysical field, and determining if the extended image obeys at least one physical characteristic. In the event that the extended image does not obey at least one physical characteristic the method may include recreating or altering the wave velocity model accordingly.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a system and method for automatic discovery of the physical location of at least one device in a data center, the device having an associated ultrasonic emitter. The system generally includes a plurality of ultrasonic detectors having known locations in the data center. A controller initiates the generation of an ultrasonic signal from an ultrasonic emitter associated with a device under test. Time of arrival circuitry generates time of arrival information associated with each ultrasonic detector based on the time of receipt of the ultrasonic signal. The controller determines the location of the device under test based on the known location of the ultrasonic detectors within the data center and the time of arrival information associated with each ultrasonic detector.

Abstract: A dog repelling device for bicyclists that includes a housing that houses a battery-powered timer-controlled ultrasonic pulse emitter and that is releasably attached to a bicycle handle bar with an attachment body, including a hook and loop strip which removably inserts through a slot within a second member of the housing.

Abstract: Disclosed is an ultrasonic pest deterrent device adapted for use in greenhouses and gardens, comprising a printed circuit board, output signal transducer and a housing adapted to shroud the components of the assembly within its waterproof interior. The device comprises a ramp signal generator and voltage control oscillator adapted to sweep between a chosen set of switchable frequency pitch ranges and tones, a sweep stop for single tone testing, a confidence test button, a power switch and indicator light. The confident test button provides an audible tone within human hearing range to ensure the device is operational, while the power indicator light provides a visual means of verifying operation when the device is emitting signals in the ultrasonic range. A timing circuit disables or modulates the device from continuous operation, saving battery life and randomizing the output signal for increased pest annoyance and deterrence.

Abstract: A MEMS capacitive transducer with increased robustness and resilience to acoustic shock. The transducer structure includes a flexible membrane supported between a first volume and a second volume, and at least one variable vent structure in communication with at least one of the first and second volumes. The variable vent structure includes at least one moveable portion which is moveable in response to a pressure differential across the moveable portion so as to vary the size of a flow path through the vent structure. The variable vent may be formed through the membrane and the moveable portion may be a part of the membrane, defined by one or more channels, that is deflectable away from the surface of the membrane. The variable vent is preferably closed in the normal range of pressure differentials but opens at high pressure differentials to provide more rapid equalization of the air volumes above and below the membrane.

Abstract: A hull-mounted sonar array is provided. The array comprises a linear arrangement of hydrophones disposed within a generally D-shaped housing. The D-shaped housing comprises a generally flat portion having a first and second end and a curved portion extending from the first end to the second end. The hydrophones are arranged along the generally flat portion of the housing, equidistant from the curved portion. The housing is mounted to the hull of a vessel by, for example, a marine adhesive.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a computer readable medium is provided that includes a date time zone dimension table comprising a date key and a time zone key, the date key identifying a selected point in time relative to a selected temporal origin and the time zone key identifying one of a plurality of possible time zones, and at least one attribute, the at least one attribute describing time information for a selected date and time zone key pair.

Abstract: Coupling device 3 between activation means 1 and mechanical display means 2 of a display mechanism, wherein the coupling device 3 is adapted to apply a motion to said mechanical display means 2, in response to activation of the activation means, wherein the motion applied to the mechanical display means 2 is inertial.

Abstract: A chronograph comprises a main dial with coaxially placed main hands group and at least one sub dial, placed within the main dial, with a therein coaxially placed main hands group. The invention is characterized in that at least one sub hands group displays an indication of current time and the main hands group displays an indication of chrono time. A first preferred form of implementation provides that the sub dial is placed decentralized within the main dial. A second preferred form of implementation provides that the sub hands group is placed coaxially with the main dial; the main dial and main hands group are partially covered by the sub dial; and the sub hands group is coaxially with the main hands group.

Abstract: The going train for a timepiece has a mechanical movement having a frame (0), a barrel (1) and an escapement pinion (5) which are connected by the going train. This going train has a stepping-up epicyclic train having a first planet gear (6) with a constant rotational speed during normal operation of the movement, a second planet gear (7) kinematically connected to the escapement pinion (5), at least one satellite gear (9) each meshing with the first planet gear (6) and the second planet gear (7), and a satellite carrier (8) kinematically connected to the barrel (1) and carrying the satellite gear(s) (9).

Abstract: A player device uses playlists having names of contents. Users can update the playlists via network. The player device includes a storage device for storing digital data of the contents, a reception/reception circuit for downloading playlists, a display for displaying the titles of contents included in the playlists, a pointing device for specifying displayed titles, a circuit for retrieving digital data from the storage device in the event that digital data of a content specified by the pointing device is stored within the storage device, and an output circuit for outputting the retrieved digital data.

Abstract: An apparatus comprises a lens, an alignment feature positioned adjacent to a surface of the lens, a detector for producing an alignment signal in response to a portion of incident light reflected by the alignment feature and a portion of the incident light reflected by the surface adjacent to the alignment feature, and an actuator for controlling alignment of the incident light in response to the alignment signal. A method of controlling alignment of the beam of incident light is also provided.

Abstract: An optical disc device includes an optical pickup and a controller. The optical pickup is configured to emit light to an optical disc and detect the light reflected on the optical disc. The controller is configured to perform adjustment of at least one of spherical aberration, focus balance and lens tilt of the optical pickup based on a reproduction signal corresponding to the light detected by the optical pickup. The controller is further configured to perform the adjustment based on a level of the reproduction signal of adjustment-use recording. The controller is further configured to perform re-adjustment after performing subsequent adjustment-use recording in response to the level of the reproduction signal of the adjustment-use recording being at or below a specific threshold after the adjustment.

Abstract: Provided is an optical pickup device that suppresses a fluctuation of a tracking error signal caused by stray light when recording/reproducing information on/from an optical disc including a plurality of recording layers and attains size reduction. It includes a laser diode emitting laser light of about 405 nm in wavelength, an objective lens irradiating the optical disc with an optical beam emitted from the laser diode and having a numerical aperture of about 0.85, and a detector including a detection part receiving the optical beam reflected from the optical disc. An optical magnification from the optical disc to the detector is set within a range from about 10× to 15×.

Abstract: Provided is an optical recording medium, including a recording target track that is a track on which small record carriers are arranged and on which information recording is performed by modulating the small record carriers through light irradiation; and a wobbling track on which the small record carriers are arranged in a wobbling manner, wherein a single wobbling track is formed to run parallel to a set of a plurality of recording target tracks.

Abstract: Some of the embodiments of the present disclosure provide a method for operating a disc drive system, the method comprising based at least in part on a first injector signal, oscillating a focusing apparatus of the disc drive system; while oscillating the focusing apparatus of the disc drive system and rotating a disc placed within the disc drive system, estimating an amplitude of a track crossing speed signal; generating a second injector signal having a frequency that is substantially the same as a frequency of the first injector signal; and based at least in part on the estimated amplitude of the track crossing speed signal and the second injector signal, estimating a sign of the track crossing speed signal.

Abstract: A control mechanism may control the height and/or position of a read/write head configured to interact with a rotating information storage surface. A computation unit may compute a detected topography from gap measurements using a dynamic filter including a model of read/write head dynamics. A sensor may detect gap measurements of a side read/write track while the read/write head is interacting with a current read/write track. A memory may store the detected topography. The control mechanism may adjust the height of the read/write head based on the detected and/or stored topography. The control mechanism may be a reactionless control mechanism configured to apply a counterforce to offset movements of the read/write head and/or a slider.

Abstract: An optical pickup device includes a galvanometer mirror that changes an incident angle of a reference beam to an optical information recording medium, an image sensor that detects a diffracted beam from a region to be reproduced upon irradiation of the recording medium with the reference beam, and sets the detected diffracted beam to a reproduction signal, and a photodetector that detects the diffracted beam generated from a plurality of recorded regions upon irradiation of the recording medium with the reference beam. The photodetector includes a plurality of light receivers, and generates an angular error signal indicating positional shifting of the incident angle of the reference beam from a differential signal of a plurality of signals derived from the respective light receivers so as to control the angle of the galvanometer mirror.

Abstract: An optical disc device is configured to reproduce an optical disc. The optical disc device includes an optical pickup and a driver. The optical pickup has a laser irradiation component that is configured to emit a laser beam to the optical disc for obtaining a return light. The driver is configured to generate a drive signal for driving the laser irradiation component based on a high-frequency signal. The driver is further configured to set an amplitude of the high-frequency signal used while reproducing a test region of the optical disc to be different from an amplitude of the high-frequency signal used while reproducing a data region of the optical disc. The test region of the optical disc is reproduced to acquire a setting signal for a setup of the optical pickup.

Abstract: A laser holder holds a semiconductor laser that has a metal frame part in which a semiconductor laser chip is mounted on one surface, and a resin part provided so as to surround the semiconductor laser chip. The laser holder is provided with an insertion part into which the semiconductor laser is inserted. The insertion part is provided with an aperture part that allows the resin part of the semiconductor laser inserted into the insertion part to be pushed from the exterior, and a wall surface part against which a reverse surface of the one surface of the metal frame part is pressed in a case where the resin part is pushed from the exterior.

Abstract: A method to enhance coverage and/or throughput in a heterogeneous wireless network includes detecting interference between a neighboring cell and a serving cell. The method also includes cancelling the interference using an adaptive technique based on whether the interference has colliding Common Reference Signal (CRS) tones.

Abstract: Crosstalk reduction and/or cancellation systems and methods are provided herein. In exemplary embodiments, a far-end acoustic signal may be delayed by M samples. Additionally, a crosstalk estimate value for the delayed far-end acoustic signal may be subtracted from an input acoustic signal. The crosstalk estimate value is a scaled version of filter outputs generated by a finite impulse response filter that utilizes predetermined filter coefficients. The filter outputs are scaled using a dynamic gain value.

Abstract: Aspects of the invention described herein may enable a greenfield access mode in IEEE 802.11n WLAN systems in comparison to an alternative approach that may not provide greenfield access. The utilization of greenfield access may reduce the portion of time required to transmit data due to overhead comprising preamble fields and header fields. This may enable higher data throughput rates to be achieved. This may further enable more robust transmission of data by enabling comparable data rates to be maintained while reducing the coding rate of encoded transmitted data. The reduction of the coding rate may enable comparable data rates to be maintained for transmission via RF channels characterized by lower SNR while still achieving desired target levels of packet error rates. In another aspect of the invention, mixed mode access may be achieved while reducing the portion of time required for transmitting data due to overhead.

Abstract: A method and system for wireless communication in a wireless station including a transceiver with multiple antennas, is provided. In one implementation, the wireless station performs multiple modulation communication by multiplexing different signal carrier modulation formats by antenna cross polarization multiplexing, including mapping the modulation formats to multiple antenna cross polarization branches. Communication power is allocated for each polarization branch by selectively distributing power to each of the polarized antennas based on at least one of: application data rate requirements, communication link quality indication (LQI) and delay spread of cross polarized channels. Data is transmitted utilizing the modulation formats simultaneously at the same frequency over multiple cross polarized antennas.

Abstract: A wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) that may receive an asymmetrically clipped optical orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (ACO-OFDM) signal is disclosed. The ACO-OFDM signal may include an ACO-OFDM symbol and the ACO-OFDM signal may be generated with or without a pilot or training data. Where the ACO-OFDM signal may not include a pilot or training data, the WTRU may determine a correlation minimum between a first part of N samples of the ACO-OFDM symbol and a second part of N samples of the ACO-OFDM symbol. The correlation minimum may indicate an estimated boundary of the ACO-OFDM symbol which may provide the WTRU with timing synchronization information. Where the ACO-OFDM signal may include one or more ACO-OFDM pilot symbols on one or more pilot subcarriers, the WTRU may interpret an amount of training data included in the one or more ACO-OFDM pilot symbols that may provide information for channel estimation.

Abstract: The degree of multiplexing of a code division multiplexed signal transmitted by subcarriers is selected on a subcarrier-by-subcarrier basis. As a result, inter-code interference on the propagation path and degradation on the propagation path are lower for a code division multiplexed signal allocated to subcarriers with a low degree of signal multiplexing (G1) than for transmit signals allocated to subcarriers with a high degree of multiplexing. By this technique, it is possible to prevent degradation of the error rate characteristics of important information without lowering spectral efficiency significantly as compared with the case in which the degree of signal multiplexing is decided uniformly for all subcarriers, and to achieve compatibility between spectral efficiency and error rate characteristics.

Abstract: The invention comprises a method for de-spreading of a data signal spread with a spread spectrum sequence. The invention is especially suited for the improvement of correlations of spread data signals after transmission. Therefor it can be integrated as software or hardware module into existing transmission systems.

Abstract: A receiver system to receive an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbol of a certain spectrum efficiency. The receiver system includes a guard interval remover, a memory device, and a pulse shaper. The guard interval remover removes a guard interval from the OFDM symbol received by the receiver. The memory device stores a pulse shaping algorithm. The pulse shaper performs the pulse shaping algorithm to substantially maintain the certain spectrum efficiency in conjunction with the utilization of a Nyquist pulse shape with an excess bandwidth?1.0.

Abstract: A base station outputs first detection information representing a code of a reference signal and representing a mobile device that is determined, on the basis of transition of a status at the time of occurrence of disconnection of the radio link between the mobile device and the base station, to be capable of causing the collision, and second detection information representing a code of a reference signal and representing a mobile device that is determined, on the basis of occurrence of failure of reconnection of the radio link between the mobile device and the base station, to be capable of causing the collision. A collision detection device estimates that, when the code and the mobile device of the first detection information coincide with the code and the mobile device of the second detection information, the collision of the reference signal will be caused.

Abstract: An example method involves generating a table to store current reroute statistics based on rerouting of data from one or more logical circuits, when they have failed, to one or more logical failover circuits. The current reroute statistics include trap data received for the one or more logical circuits. The trap data includes a committed information rate. Each of the logical circuits and logical failover circuits is identified by a logical circuit identifier that is renamed until the one or more logical circuits have been restored. The table is updated to store updated reroute statistics that include updated trap data received for the one or more logical circuits. Generating the updated reroute statistics comprises detecting a change in a status of the one or more logical circuits by determining if a frame has been dropped. The frame is dropped when the committed information rate has been exceeded.

Abstract: An arrangement in a network tap for monitoring state of a monitoring system is provided. The arrangement includes a set of network ports that includes a set of input network ports for receiving data traffic and a set of output network ports for outputting the data traffic from the network tap. The arrangement also includes a monitoring port that is configured to receive the data traffic from the set of network ports and to forward the data traffic onward to the monitoring system. The arrangement further includes a logic component configured for executing a sequential heartbeat diagnostic test. The sequential heartbeat diagnostic test is configured for providing a first set of sequential heartbeat packets for testing and determining the state of the monitoring system. The arrangement yet also includes a logic component for activating one or more events when a failure condition exists for the state of the monitoring system.