Abstract: In various embodiments, ballast for a discharge lamp includes input and output connections; inverter with bridge circuit with electronic switches and control device for controlling electronic switches, wherein switches are connected in series between input connections, wherein one electronic switch is coupled to first input connection and second electronic switch to second input connection, wherein a bridge midpoint is between electronic switches; including a current measuring device for measuring second electronic switch current; lamp choke series-connected between bridge midpoint and first output connection; capacitor parallel-connected with one of electronic switches; and coupling capacitor; wherein control device is coupled to current measuring device and renders an electronic switch conducting, if negative threshold value is exceeded when electronic switch is rendered nonconducting; or if negative threshold value of current through electronic switch is not exceeded after another electronic switch is rend

Abstract: For the purpose of power factor correction of an operating device for a lamp, an inductor (7) is supplied with an input voltage (Vin), a controllable switch element (13) coupled with the inductor (7) being opened or closed to optionally charge or discharge the inductor (7). A control unit (14) for controlling the switch element (13) is designed such that it determines, depending on an output voltage (Vout) of the power factor correction circuit, a switch-on time (Ton) for switching the switch element (13) on and controls the switch element (13) optionally according to at least a first operating mode and a second operating mode, the operation in the first operating mode and the operation in the second operating mode being dependent on the duration of the determined switch-on time (Ton).

Abstract: Disclosed is a light source control device including a power conversion unit and a control unit. The power conversion unit includes a transfer capacitor provided between a primary side circuit and a secondary side circuit. The primary side circuit is configured such that a first inductor stores energy when a first switching element is ON. The secondary side circuit is configured such that the second inductor limits a changing speed of the driving current. The power conversion unit is configured such that the driving current is raised when the first switching element is ON. The control unit turns OFF when the magnitude of the driving current exceeds the first threshold value, and turns ON the first switching element when the magnitude of the driving current falls below the second threshold value smaller than the first threshold value.

Abstract: A pulse-excited mercury-free lamp system, and method of sustaining the emission of light emission from such a lamp, is provided. The system includes a light-transmissive envelope having an inner surface and a phosphor layer coated thereon. A discharge-sustaining gaseous mixture of a noble gas, at a low pressure, and a metal halide, is retained inside the light-transmissive envelope. An electrical system provides a plurality of pulses to the discharge-sustaining gaseous mixture, resulting in a discharge, which causes the lamp system to emit light. The emission of light is maintained by turning the discharge on during a pulse width of each pulse in the plurality of pulses and by turning the discharge off during a remainder of each period in the plurality of pulses. Particularly in systems where the metal halide is indium-based, this maintains an efficient emission of light without the use of mercury.

Abstract: An LED drive circuit comprises a power supply unit, a first LED lamp string, a first voltage control unit, a second LED lamp string and a first power transfer unit. The power supply unit outputs a drive power to drive the first LED lamp string. The first voltage control unit gets the drive power and stabilizes and provides the voltage to the first LED lamp string. The first voltage control unit includes a power switch where the drive power generates a power loss. The second LED lamp string and first power transfer unit are coupled in series with the first voltage control unit so that the power loss is transferred and output to drive the second LED lamp string. Thus loss of the drive power is reduced and lighting efficiency of the LED improves.

Abstract: Techniques for controlled dimming of an illuminant such as, for example, a light-emitting diode (LED), an organic light-emitting diode (OLED) or gas discharge lamp are described herein. In one example, a control difference formed by subtracting actual values from desired values (dimming values) is smaller than actual values fed back by the lamp. Thus, without directly digitizing an analog feedback variable, the example digitizes a control difference (control deviation) determined in the analog domain, in order to process the latter in a digital control algorithm that determines a digital manipulated variable that influences power to the illuminant.

Abstract: At least one controllable source of visible light is configured to illuminate a space to be utilized by one or more occupants. A controller causes the source(s) to emit light in a manner that varies at least one characteristic of visible light emitted into the space over a period of time at least in part in accordance with a chaotic function.

Abstract: An adaptive lighting system having a detection unit by which one or more extrinsic variables, that is variables occurring outside the adaptive lighting system, can be detected and can be transmitted, preferably in the form of at least one electric signal, to an evaluation and control unit, to the evaluation and control unit by which a control signal can be generated from the transmitted extrinsic variable(s) and can be transmitted to one or more adaptive light source(s) and to the one or more adaptive light source(s) which is/are designed to vary one or more it its/their emission properties on the basis of the transmitted control signal.

Abstract: A circuit serving as a power source for light-emitting diode (LED) lighting applications, the circuit comprising a boost converter comprising a pair of boost field-effect transistors (FETs) and a boost inductor coupled to the pair of boost FETs, wherein an input voltage feeding the boost converter has a sinusoidal waveform, and wherein a half cycle of the input voltage is represented by a plurality of time slices, and a controller coupled to the boost converter and configured to determine a current time slice in the plurality of time slices, generate one or more output signals based at least in part on the current time slice and without a need to compute any multiplier function involving the input voltage, and control states of the boost FETs using the one or more output signals.

Abstract: An LED flash module includes: a module substrate; an energy device disposed on the module substrate; an LED module arranged on the module substrate includes a plurality of LED blocks arranged in a first direction, each LED block including a plurality of LED elements which is arranged in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction and emits light with power supplied from the energy device; a charger circuit arranged on the module substrate to charge the energy device; and a control circuit arranged on the module substrate to control emission of LED elements. A wiring length from one of the LED elements to a plus terminal of a power supply portion supplying power to each of the LED elements and a wiring length from the one of the LED elements to a minus terminal of the power supply portion is substantially the same for all of the LED elements.

Abstract: Apparatuses, methods, apparatuses and systems for commissioning a light fixture are disclosed. One method includes receiving, by the light fixture, a message from a central controller, wherein reception of the message puts the light fixture into a known condition, establishing communication between the light fixture and a user, and communicating, by either the light fixture or the user, a location of the user at a time of the established communication, to the central controller, thereby allowing the central controller to record a location of the light fixture.

Abstract: In general, the disclosure relates to setting current output of an LED driver. In one embodiment, an external control module for setting a current output of an LED driver includes a plurality of voltage referenced elements. The external module also includes a plurality of switches. Each switch of the plurality of switches is coupled to a corresponding voltage referenced element of the plurality of voltage referenced elements. The external control module further includes an enclosure covering the plurality of switches, wherein the enclosure substantially prevents adjustment of switch positions of the plurality of switches. The external control module can be adjusted to set the desired output current prior to enclosing the external control module in the enclosure in connection with the assembly of a light fixture.

Abstract: A low-voltage, multi-beam radio frequency source that operates at a voltage less than or equal to approximately 20-40 kV and that generates at least 600 kW at a pulse width of approximately 5-30 ms. The RF source includes an electron gun having a cathode configured to generate a plurality of beamlets. An input cavity and output cavity are common to the plurality of beamlets. A plurality of gain cavities are provided between the input and output cavities, each having a plurality of openings corresponding to the plurality of beamlets. The cathode may include 10-20 beamlet cathodes formed in a ring, each being configured to generate a single beamlet and each having beamlet optics independent of each other. A beam collector having a plurality of openings corresponding to each of the beamlets may be provided within the output section, where the openings have no RF coupling to each other.

Abstract: A movement control apparatus includes: an actuator that causes a driven body connected to a driving coil to perform reciprocating movement; a signal generation unit that generates a velocity command signal which indicates a target velocity of the driven body; a driving unit that supplies electric current corresponding to a driving signal to the driving coil; a voltage detection unit that detects induced voltage generated in the driving coil, and outputs a voltage signal corresponding to the induced voltage; a signal correction unit that corrects, based on the driving signal and the voltage signal, the voltage signal to adjust a shift of a resistance value from a reference resistance value of the driving coil, thereby generating a velocity signal; and a control unit that generates the driving signal based on the velocity command signal and the velocity signal, and outputs the driving signal to the driving unit.

Abstract: An engine starting apparatus is provided which can start an engine without inducing malfunctions of various electronic components. The engine starting apparatus comprises a pinion adapted to be brought into meshing engagement with a ring gear linked to an engine, a magnet switch supplied with current from a battery to move the pinion in the direction of the ring gear, a starter motor supplied with the current to rotate the pinion, a control unit for instructing the starter motor to start the engine, and a starter control unit for controlling, on the basis of the instruction, a first semiconductor switch subject to PWM control, wherein the starter motor and the magnet switch are stored in a first housing, the starter control unit is stored in a second housing, and the first housing is integral with the second housing.

Abstract: A plate-shaped portion of each of separators has a cross-sectional shape bent in a concavo-convex shape in a vertical direction. The plate-shaped portion of each of the separators has a flat cross-sectional shape. The plurality of separators are arranged parallel to one another to alternately line up. One surface of each of the battery cells abuts on the plate-shaped portion of the separator, and the other surface abuts on the plate-shaped portion of the separator. Thus, a spacing between the battery cells, which are adjacent to each other with the separator sandwiched therebetween, becomes equal to the thickness of the plate-shaped portion, and a spacing between the battery cells, which are adjacent to each other with the separator sandwiched therebetween, becomes equal to the thickness of the plate-shaped portion.

Abstract: An electric-bicycle driving apparatus includes a speed-change mode operator to output a low-speed or high-speed mode signal, a controller to output a first or second control signal corresponding to the low-speed or high-speed mode signal, a first motor driver to output a first motor-driving signal to drive a motor in a low-speed mode in response to the low-speed mode signal, a second motor driver to output a second motor-driving signal to drive the motor in a high-speed mode in response to the high-speed mode signal, a motor-drive-load booster to boost load of the second motor-driving signal using battery power under control of the controller in response to the high-speed mode signal, and a motor speed-change switching unit to selectively receive a switching enable signal from the controller so as to be turned on to provide the second motor-driving signal having the boosted load to the motor.

Abstract: The regulator/brush-holder assembly (1) comprises a support (2) and an electrical circuit (5, 6) comprising a regulating element (5) connected by microwires to a trace circuit (6). The electrical circuit further includes a filtering circuit (10) separate from the regulating element and connected by microwires to the trace circuit. According to one particular embodiment, the filtering circuit comprises an insulating substrate (11) and surface-mounted components (C1, C2, S1, S2, V). A ground plane (19) and/or one or more ground pads may be provided for connection to a ground trace of the trace circuit. The filtration frequencies of the filter circuit extend from 100 kHz to 1 GHz.

Abstract: During displacement of an actuating element to a target position, a brushless direct-current motor is driven by a driving commutation pattern derived from rotor position signals. After the target position is reached the brushless direct-current motor is transferred to a holding mode in which it is driven by a commutation pattern providing a required holding torque. In the holding mode the holding current necessary for providing the required holding torque is minimized by an iterative holding current reduction method to a holding current value guaranteeing the required holding torque.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for controlling a permanent magnet synchronous motor to maximize use of voltages of a battery by voltage phase control within weak magnetic flux area and to achieve compensation for a torque error through a torque compensator when driving the permanent magnet synchronous motor for hybrid vehicles. In particular, the method controls a permanent magnet synchronous motor so that voltage use can be maximized in a weak magnetic flux area by using voltage near maximum voltage through voltage phase control utilizing magnetic flux-based map data receiving a torque command and motor speed/batter output voltage as inputs and torque error can be compensated using a torque compensation filter when a motor constant is changed in the weak magnetic flux by a circumstance parameter, when the permanent magnet synchronous motor mounted in a hybrid vehicle and an electric vehicle is driven.

Abstract: A filtering reactor stage and a variable-frequency driving system utilizing the same are provided. The system includes a rectifier input stage, an inverter output stage and a filter reactor stage. The filter reactor stage is coupled between the rectifier input stage and the inverter output stage. The filter reactor stage includes a magnetic core module, a first winding set, a second winding set and a third winding set. The magnetic core module includes a middle pillar and two side pillars. The first second winding sets are wound around two side pillars respectively. The first winding second winding sets are coupled to a first DC (Direct Current) bridge between the rectifier input stage and the inverter output stage. The third winding set is wound around the middle pillar and coupled to a second DC bridge between the rectifier input stage and the inverter output stage.

Abstract: The system and method disclose for the controlling of sequential phase switching in driving a set of stator windings of a multi-phase sensorless brushless permanent magnet DC motor. A motor controller controls a power stage that drives two windings of a set of three windings in the motor with pulse width modulated signal. A plurality of voltage values on an undriven winding of the set of three windings are sampled within a window of time, wherein a period beginning when the driven windings are energized and ending when the driven windings are de-energized encompasses the window of time. The sampled voltage values are processed. When the processed voltage values exceed a threshold, the motor controller changes which two windings are driven.

Abstract: Dynamic reconfiguration-switching of motor windings in a motor is optimized between winding-configurations by selectively lowering resistance of a constantly used portion of one of the motor windings. Acceleration is traded off in favor of higher velocity upon detecting the electric motor in the electric vehicle is at an optimal angular-velocity for switching to an optimal lower torque constant and voltage constant. The total back electromotive force (BEMF) is prohibited from inhibiting further acceleration to a higher angular-velocity.

Abstract: A technique for controlling drive currents to respective windings of a multi-winding brushless motor comprises monitoring an output of the motor and a demand of the motor, determining whether a failure mode has occurred, the failure mode being an instantaneous complete or partial failure to generate demanded output; and, upon detection of a failure mode on a first winding, distributing a demand contribution that is not being produced by the first winding to one or more of the windings that are not in a failure mode. The demand may be torque demand, and the failure modes may include winding failure, and voltage and/or current saturation. Improved torque output is generated by the redistribution of demand among phases in the event of a failure mode.

Abstract: There are provided a pulse width modulation (PWM) signal generating circuit and a motor driving circuit. The PWM signal generating circuit includes: a proportional-to-absolute temperature (PTAT) voltage generating unit generating a PTAT voltage in proportion to an absolute temperature; a reference wave signal generating unit generating a preset reference wave signal; and a PWM signal generating unit comparing the PTAT voltage and the reference wave signal with each other to generate a PWM signal, wherein the PTAT voltage generating unit adjusts the PTAT voltage according to a control signal.

Abstract: The present invention provides a motor controller having one or more multi-functional pins. The motor controller includes a plurality of pins but does not include a dedicated pin for transmitting a clock signal and a dedicated pin for transmitting a motor specification database setting signal, wherein the clock signal and the motor specification database setting signal are for setting motor specification data. The clock signal and the motor specification database setting signal are transmitted through two of the plural pins which are multi-functional function pins shared by other functions in a normal operation mode. In a motor specification database setting mode, these multi-functional function pins are used for transmitting the clock signal and the motor specification database setting signal. In the normal operation mode, these multi-functional function pins are used for other functions.

Abstract: A system, method, and computer program product are provided for segmenting a content stream. In use, a content stream associated with an event is identified. Additionally, user generated content associated with the content stream is identified. Further, a timing of one or more key events within the content stream is determined, based on the user generated content. Further still, the one or more key events are identified, based on the user generated content. Also, the content stream is segmented, utilizing the one or more key events and the timing of the one or more key events. In addition, a subset of the user generated content and a subset of the one or more key events is associated with a segment of the content stream. Furthermore, a search index associated with the segment of the content stream is generated, utilizing the subset of the user generated content and the subset of the one or more key events. Further still, a search query is received from a user.

Abstract: A method includes determining whether a robot is walking and a direction in which the robot is walking; measuring an amount of time taken for a sole of a foot of the robot to step on the ground; calculating an imaginary reaction force applied to the sole using a trigonometric function having, as a period, the measured amount of time taken for the sole to step on the ground; and applying the calculated imaginary reaction force to a Jacobian transposed matrix and converting the imaginary reaction force into a drive torque for a lower extremity joint of the robot.

Abstract: An injection molding machine includes a motor; a driver circuit; a rectifying part; a capacitor provided between the driver circuit and the rectifying part; a bridge circuit that converts direct electric power between the driver circuit and the rectifying part into alternating electric power; a harmonics component reducing part connected to an alternating side of the bridge circuit; and a regenerative line connected to the rectifying part in parallel, wherein the bridge circuit and the harmonics component reducing part are provided in the regenerative line, and plural switching elements of the bridge circuit are turned on or off such that electric power of the motor is regenerated when a voltage of the capacitor is greater than or equal to a predetermined value, and all the switching elements are turned off when the voltage of the capacitor is less than the predetermined value.

Abstract: An injection molding machine according to the invention includes a motor, a driver circuit that drives the motor; and a rectifying part that supplies electric power to the driver circuit. A regenerative line for regenerative electric power of the motor is connected to the rectifying part in parallel. A converting part and a harmonics component reducing part are provided in the regenerative line. The converting part converts direct electric power between the driver circuit and the rectifying part into alternating electric power which is input to the harmonics component reducing part.

Abstract: The present invention provides a motor controller for controlling a DC motor according to a reference signal. The motor controller includes a compensator, a pulse width modulation unit, and a motor driving unit. The compensator generates a control signal according to the reference signal and a sensing signal from the DC motor. The pulse width modulation unit generates a motor control signal by comparing the control signal and a ramp signal having a varying frequency. The motor driving unit receives the motor control signal and drives the DC motor according to the motor control signal.

Abstract: A method for controlling multiple stepper motors with a single micro-controller output set uses a demultiplexer to split a single micro-controller output set into individual control signals for a plurality of stepper motors.

Abstract: An output control apparatus for an electric motor includes a phase-current instruction-value setting device, a draw-current allowable-value storage device, a phase-current allowable-value setting device, and a phase-current instruction-value limiting device. The draw-current allowable-value storage device is configured to store a draw current allowable value of an electric storage device corresponding to an allowable current value of a system disconnecting-connecting device provided in a power system from the electric storage device to the electric motor. The phase-current allowable-value setting device is configured to set a phase current allowable value based on the draw current allowable value and an ON time of a switching element in a power converter. The phase-current instruction-value limiting device is configured to compare the phase current instruction value with the phase current allowable value to limit the phase current instruction value so as not to exceed the phase current allowable value.

Abstract: An electrical on-board network of a vehicle, having at least two power circuits and an electrical machine allocated to a drive of the vehicle. The electrical machine has at least two phase systems, connected to a respective inverter, and that at least one of the phase systems is capable of being electrically connected to at least one of the power circuits via the associated inverter. A method for operating an electrical on-board network of a vehicle is also described.

Abstract: An electric motor includes a magnet rotor which is placed with an air gap interposed between it and a stator and has a magnetic pole portion formed from a plastic magnet which swells by hydrogen bonds, an inverter circuit, a DC-voltage conversion portion, a driving logic control portion, a supply current value control portion, a current value designation portion, a reference current value designation portion, and a correlation designation portion, wherein the correlation designation portion determines an average current value by changing the average current value linearly or non-linearly with respect to a reference current value, and the magnetic pole portion absorbs moisture to swell, thereby making the air gap smaller, at higher humidity than a reference humidity.

Abstract: A system and method for controlling an adjustable speed drive (ASD) to decelerate an AC load during a generating mode of operation is disclosed. The ASD includes a capacitor and an inverter coupled to a DC link. A current sensor system is coupled to an output of the inverter. The ASD further includes a control system programmed to calculate an energy of the capacitor, generate a reference power using the calculated capacitor energy, and calculate a feedback power from realtime current signals received from the current sensor system. The control system compares the feedback power to the reference power, defines a frequency offset based on the comparison, generates a speed command using the frequency offset, and outputs the speed command to the inverter to maintain a smooth DC link voltage during deceleration.

Abstract: A charging method and system for rationing charge or energy supplied by a host to a portable device. The system includes a power switch connected to a current sensing module that detects instantaneous current drawn by the portable device. A current register connected to the current sensing module stores the instantaneous current value. A timing module generates timing information. A cumulative charge value obtained by multiplying the instantaneous current value with the timing information is stored in a charge register. Further, a cumulative energy value may be obtained by multiplying the cumulative charge value with a detected voltage value. A threshold database stores a threshold value, and a rationing module connected to the host and the charge register continuously compares the cumulative charge value and/or the cumulative energy value with the threshold charge value. A control signal is generated when the threshold charge value is exceeded.

Abstract: Since in existent charge-discharge control the battery direct current resistance of a lithium ion battery increases at a low temperature or in a low SOC, the battery voltage may possibly exceed greatly the maximum allowable voltage instantaneously due to over-voltage during charging or may possibly decrease greatly to less than the minimum allowable voltage during discharging. If the lithium ion battery continuously lies in such a state the battery performance is degraded abruptly. The battery resistance of a lithium ion battery module is estimated in accordance with SOC and temperature of the lithium ion battery module, and current to charge is set properly based on the estimated battery resistance.

Abstract: A charging circuit includes a power path control unit which switches a first switch connected between a system connection terminal and a battery connection terminal on while not charging, and switches the first switch on and a second switch connected between an external power supply input terminal and the system connection terminal on while charging so as to supply power to a system and charge a battery. A voltage difference between the external power supply input terminal and the battery connection terminal is detected, a current flowing between the external power supply input terminal and the system connection terminal is detected, and it is determined that an external power supply is disconnected based on the detection results of the voltage differences and the current.

Abstract: A charge capacity parameter estimation system for an electric storage device capable of charging and discharging is provided, which can accurately estimate a charge capacity parameter indicative of a charge capacity of the electric storage device. The charge capacity parameter estimation system for a battery includes an ECU and a sensor unit. The ECU estimates that an actual charge capacity of the electric storage device is less than an estimated charge capacity, when a charging state of the electric storage device is detected, in a case where a generated voltage of a power generator is controlled such that the battery executes a discharging operation to an auxiliary equipment.

Abstract: Improved external chargers for charging an implantable medical device, and particularly useful in charging a plurality of such devices, are disclosed. Each of the various embodiments include design elements for mechanically manipulating the position of one or more charging coils within the external charger to customize the magnetic charging field as appropriate for the charger/implantable device environment. For example, a single charging coil may be moved within a housing of the external charger to direct the charging field of the coil towards the currently “coldest” implant, i.e., the implant with the lowest coupling to the external charger. The one or more charging coils may be mechanically manipulated within the external charger housing in a number of ways, including by using linear actuators, by inflatable bladders, or even by hand.

Abstract: Movable body equipment is provided with: a secondary-side resonance coil, which receives power from a primary-side resonance coil of power supply equipment; a rectifier, which rectifies the power received by the secondary-side resonance coil; and a secondary battery, to which to which the power rectified by the rectifier is supplied. A resonance-type non-contact power supply system is provided with: state of charge detection units, which detect the state of charge of the secondary battery; and an impedance estimation unit, which estimates an impedance estimation value for the secondary battery on the basis of the state of charge of the secondary battery. When the absolute value of the difference between the impedance estimation value and the current impedance value of the secondary battery exceeds a threshold, a determination unit determines that a foreign body is present between the primary-side resonance coil and the secondary-side resonance coil.

Abstract: An energy storage and management system (ESMS) includes energy storage devices coupled to a power device, a power electronic conversion system that includes a plurality of DC electrical converters, each DC electrical converter configured to step up and to step down a DC voltage, wherein energy ports of the ESMS are coupleable to each of the energy storage devices, and each of the energy ports is coupleable to an electrical charging system. The ESMS includes a controller configured to determine a first condition of a first energy storage device and a second condition of a second energy storage device, wherein the first and second energy storage devices are each connected to respective energy ports of the power conversion system, determine a power split factor based on the first condition and on the second condition, and regulate power to the first and second energy storage devices based on the power split factor.

Abstract: Disclosed are an electric vehicle (EV), an EV charging stand, and a communication system therebetween, the EV including a charge control unit configured to detect a preparation state for charging a battery and output a resistance varying signal according to the detected state, and a resistor unit configured to vary a resistance value in response to the resistance varying signal, thus changing a voltage value of a state signal transmitted to the EV charging stand, and the EV charging stand including a comparator configured to receive a stage signal from the EV, compare a voltage value of the received state signal with a reference value, and output a signal in response to a result of comparing, and a control unit configured to receive the signal from the comparator and detect a preparation state for charging the battery of the EV.

Abstract: A stationary charging system for charging a battery mounted in a vehicle using direct-current charging power includes a power unit for generating direct-current charging power, a plurality of charging units (CHG1 to CHG9) that constitute the power unit, a control unit (MCU), and a first CAN communication line for allowing data exchange between the control unit and the charging units, each of the charging units receives control command data transmitted by the control unit, and creates charging unit status data, and the control unit, and creates charging unit status data, and the control unit divides the charging units into charging unit groups 4-1, 4-2, and 4-3, and transmits the control command data at varying times, whereby the charging unit status data is received at varying times.

Abstract: An outlet assembly with a portable charger including a power strip and a portable charger is disclosed. The power strip has a main body and a first power output interface. The main body has at least one power socket, and the first power output interface is located on the main body for supplying an AC power. The portable charger includes a power input interface and a second power output interface located on a casing. An AC to DC converting circuit and a power storage unit are located inside the casing. The power input interface may be fitted to the first power output interface, and the AC to DC converting circuit converts the AC power into DC to recharge the power storage unit. The portable charger may be used independently to provide the from the power storage unit through the second power output interface.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for adapting a voltage of a battery pack is provided through a switch control logic coupled to the cells of the pack. The switch control logic determines the output voltage generated by the cells and an operating state of the battery pack. The switch control logic is configured to selectively switch the plurality of cells between a series cell configuration and a parallel cell configuration based upon the determined current output voltage and the operating state of the battery pack.

Abstract: Certain embodiments of the present invention provide a battery heating circuit, comprising a switch unit 1, a switching control module 100, a damping component R1, an energy storage circuit, and an energy superposition unit; the energy storage circuit is configured to connect with the battery to form a loop, and comprises a current storage component L1 and a charge storage component C1; the damping component R1, the switch unit 1, the current storage component L1, and the charge storage component C1 are connected in series; the switching control module 100 is connected with the switch unit 1, and is configured to control ON/OFF of the switch unit 1, so as to control the energy flowing between the battery and the energy storage circuit.

Abstract: A battery pack including a plurality of battery cells and a method of controlling the battery pack are provided. The method includes: permanently cutting off charging and discharging paths of the battery pack; and discharging one or more of the battery cells when a condition of which satisfies a reference condition. Therefore, state of the battery pack changes from its failure state to a stable state.

Abstract: The battery state-of-charge calculation device (100) is provided with a SOCV calculation unit (5) which outputs a first state of charge calculated based on voltage data, a SOCI calculation unit (6) which outputs a second state of charge calculated based on current data, an estimated impedance voltage calculation unit (12) which calculates an impedance voltage value based on an effective state of charge and the current data, a static determination unit (7) which determines that the impedance voltage value remains static for a predetermined time or longer in a range identified by a predetermined threshold value and outputs the determination result; and a SOC decision unit (20) which, based on the determination result, outputs the first state of charge as the effective state of charge where the impedance voltage value is static and outputs the second state of charge as the effective state of charge where the impedance voltage value is not static.