Abstract: Disclosed is a method of determining subsurface composition of a surveyed region. The method comprises transmitting a pulsed electromagnetic signal into the ground and detecting a return signal following interaction of said transmitted signal with features of the subsurface, a profile image of the subsurface is then obtained, and one or more spectra of said return signal is calculated, said one or more spectra comprising one or more of an energy-frequency spectrum, a phase-frequency spectrum, a phase-energy and an energy-frequency spectrum. These spectra are analysed to determine a characteristic energy-frequency signature, phase-frequency signature, phase-energy signature and/or energy-frequency signature for one or more layers of said subsurface. The determined signature(s) are then compared to a database of equivalent signatures of known materials in order to determine a composition of said one or more layers.

Abstract: An electromagnetic system for exploring the seabed in a marine environment includes a current injection module with two electrodes spaced apart from one another, said injection electrodes being capable of injecting a current at a predetermined voltage into the marine environment close to the seabed, said injection electrodes having a contact surface with the marine environment. The system includes a data acquisition module with at least two measuring sensors for measuring electrical or magnetic data at at least two points of the marine environment close to the seabed, and a power supply module for supplying power to the current injection module. Each electrode includes one or more separate conductive elements that are electrically connected to each other and arranged in such a way as to form a conductive network or a multilayer conductive assembly having a large contact surface with the marine environment.

Abstract: Magnetic nanoparticles are utilized for magnetically detecting hydrocarbons in a geological structure. The magnetic nanoparticles generally include a core particle and a temperature responsive polymer associated with the core particle. The temperature responsive polymer may include polyacrylamides, polyethylene glycols, or combinations thereof. The temperature responsive polymer facilitates an agglomeration of the nanoparticles in a fluid at an organic/aqueous interface of the fluid, an organic phase of the fluid, or combinations thereof. The agglomeration may occur at a specific temperature or temperature range.

Abstract: Electromagnetic exploration methods are used to identify a subsurface anomalous feature. This is sometimes difficult in the presence of large fields from the transmitter or other surrounding material that may be above and around the subsurface feature. By constructing linear combinations of the field and gradients of the field it is possible to remove the large fields associated with the transmitter and the surrounding material to make identification of the anomalous subsurface material easier. The fields and gradients can also be combined so as to provide estimates of other electromagnetic field quantities that would be otherwise difficult to measure, for example the electric field or the time derivative of the electric field.

Abstract: Various systems and methods are disclosed for implementing and using a multi-axial induction borehole imaging tool that includes emitters that induce, at azimuthally-spaced positions on a borehole wall, a plurality of fields having components in three non-coplanar directions within a formation. The tool also includes directionally sensitive inductive sensors that sense the components caused by each of the one or more inductive emitters, and a downhole controller that processes signals received from the directionally sensitive inductive sensors to provide a set of measurements representative of an impedance tensor at each position.

Abstract: At least some of method and system embodiments extrapolate any given set of horizons to cover a specified area of interest in such a manner that the horizons are conformable to each other. An automated dual-extrapolation approach is employed, beginning with horizon extrapolations using a proportional method where possible, and following that with a horizon extrapolations using a thickness-based method. With proper selection of the extrapolation order, the set of horizons remains fully conformable. The process of deriving a structural 3D model from partial horizons in fields lacking field-wide reference horizons is facilitated, making it more feasible to fully model complex fields and correct errors in such models.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods for hydrocarbon reservoir characterization and recovery including collecting geological data relating to a subteranean formation, forming initial parameters using the data, performing a pricipal component analysis of the parameters to create a model, and performing history matching using the model. In some embodiments, the principal component analysis is linear principal component analysis or kernal principal component analysis.

Abstract: A method for forecasting an environmental event/a type of environmental event includes acquiring at least one test data set of at least one behavioural and/or physiological parameter of a population of animals; generating a test profile based on said at least one test data set, representing behaviour and/or physiological status of the population of animals; calculating a ratio between the test profile and a first reference profile; and setting an alert, if said ratio reaches a predefined threshold value.

Abstract: Provided is an infrared-shielding nanoparticle dispersion that has a property whereby visible light is adequately transmitted, and light in the near-infrared region is adequately shielded. The infrared-shielding nanoparticles include a plural aggregate of electroconductive particles composed of a tungsten oxide expressed by the general formula WyOz (where W is tungsten, O is oxygen, and 2.2?z/y?2.999), and/or a composite tungsten oxide expressed by the general formula MxWyOz (where M is one or more elements selected from H, alkali metals, alkaline-earth metals, rare earth elements, Mg, Zr, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ru, Co, Rh, Ir, Ni, Pd, Pt, Cu, Ag, Au, Zn, Cd, Al, Ga, In, Tl, Si, Ge, Sn, Pb, Sb, B, F, P, S, Se, Br, Te, Ti, Nb, V, Mo, Ta, Re, Be, Hf, Os, Bi, and I; W is tungsten; O is oxygen; 0.001?x/y?1.1; and 2.2?z/y?3.0).

Abstract: A photochromic latex ink includes an organic polymer; optionally a colorant, and a photochromic compound. The photochromic ink composition has an average particle size from about 20 nm to about 600 nm. The photochromic ink composition is capable of reversibly converting from a first color to a second color in response to a predetermined wavelength scope.

Abstract: Presently described are optical films, such as a brightness enhancing film, having a polymerized microstructured surface disposed on a preformed polymeric film wherein the film has a thickness of no greater than 3 mils and the polymerized microstructured surface consists of the reaction product of a substantially non-brominated polymerizable resin composition.

Abstract: The invention relates to a spectacle lens semi-finished or finished product with a front surface, a rear surface, a cylinder rim surface, a front edge surface with a front surface transition to the front surface and a front cylinder rim surface transition to the cylinder rim surface and/or a rear edge surface with a rear surface transition to the rear surface and a rear cylinder rim surface transition to the cylinder rim surface. The front surface transition is formed as a rounding and/or the rear surface transition is formed as a rounding.

Abstract: The present invention provides an amphiphilic polysiloxane prepolymer which comprises hydrophilic monomeric units derived from at least one hydrophilic vinylic monomer, polysiloxane crosslinking units derived from at least one polysiloxane crosslinker having at least two terminal ethylenically-unsaturated groups, dangling polysiloxane chains each of which is terminated with one ethylenically unsaturated group, and chain-transfer units derived from a chain transfer agent other than a RAFT agent. A prepolymer of the invention is suitable for making hydrogel contact lenses. The present invention is also related to hydrogel contact lenses made from an amphiphilic polysiloxane prepolymer of the invention and to processes for preparing an amphiphilic polysiloxane prepolymer of the invention and for making silicone hydrogel contact lenses.

Abstract: An optical element, which has an antireflection performance offering excellent wavelength band characteristics and incident angle characteristics, includes a substrate and structures that each are formed of a convex portion and that are arranged in plural on a surface of the substrate at a fine pitch equal to or less than a wavelength of light. Each of the structures has a quadrangular pyramid shape or a truncated quadrangular pyramid shape that has a quadrangular bottom surface, and each of four sides that farm the quadrangular bottom surface is curved toward a center of the bottom surface.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an optical lens having a lens element produced of plastic, more particularly of plastic which is transparent in a visible spectral range, and having a coating comprising a plurality of layers, the plurality of layers comprising at least one high-refractive-index layer. Furthermore, a hardcoat layer is formed adjacent to the lens element, and a superhydrophobic layer concludes the coating in opposition to the lens element. The at least one high-refractive-index layer has a thickness of less than 40 nm, and the coating overall has a thickness of more than about 380 nm.

Abstract: A reflective device disposable within a hand piece or other housing for directing a laser beam toward a treatment area includes a substrate, a first layer above the substrate, and a second layer above the first layer, and lacks a reflective dielectric layer. The second layer may have a hardness of at least about 120 Knoop, and the combination of transmissive and reflective properties in the first layer and the second layer can provide reflection of light wavelengths ranging from about 380 nm to about 12,000 nm. Reflective devices according to other constructions are also described.

Abstract: An optical alignment system is provided that simplifies the alignment of two vehicles, for example during a docking procedure, and provides visual cues indicating range to prevent accidental collision. The optical alignment system includes a horizontal array of Fresnel lenses including a first plurality of Fresnel lenses disposed on one side of a vertical axis and a second plurality of Fresnel lenses disposed on the opposite side of the vertical axis. One Fresnel lens of the first plurality and one Fresnel lens of the second plurality are spaced equidistant from the vertical axis and form a first pair, and the Fresnel lenses of the first pair are arranged so that light paths therefrom converge along the vertical axis at a first distance behind the horizontal array of lights.

Abstract: A wavelength-converting device includes a substrate and a reflective layer. The reflective layer is disposed on the substrate, among which when an operating temperature of the reflective layer is higher than or equal to 130° C., the reflective layer is formed of a first metallic material, and when the operating temperature of the reflective layer is lower than 130° C., the reflective layer is formed of a second metallic material. The reflectivity of the second metallic material is higher than the reflectivity of the first metallic material at room temperature. By forming the reflective layer of the first metallic material and the second metallic material at different operating temperatures, respectively, the decay of the reflectivity is effectively avoided, the reflectivity is optimized, and the converting efficiency of the wavelength-converting device is enhanced.

Abstract: Embodiments of the disclosure disclose a display substrate, a display device comprising the display substrate and a method for manufacturing the display substrate. The display substrate comprising a base substrate (1), a black matrix (2) and a color filter (3) formed on the base substrate (1), the color filter (3) and the black matrix (2) are arranged alternately with a height difference existing between the black matrix (2) and the color filter (3). The display substrate further comprises a planarizing layer (40) formed on the black matrix (2) or on both the black matrix (2)and the color filter (3). The planarizing layer (40) is configured to minimize the height difference between the black matrix (2) and the color filter (3). Thus, the height difference between the black matrix (2) and the color filter (3) can be minimized, and surface smoothness of the color filter (3) is improved effectively. Therefore, image displaying quality is improved.

Abstract: A light filter that utilizes UV and visible light-absorbing dyes with transmission spectra in accord with the action spectra for suppression of melatonin so as to permit a maximum production of melatonin in humans during night time exposure to high energy visible light.

Abstract: A heat shielding material and method for manufacturing thereof is provided. The method for manufacturing the heat shielding material, includes: providing a tungsten oxide precursor solution containing a group VIIIB metal element; drying the tungsten oxide precursor solution to form a dried tungsten oxide precursor; and subjecting the dried tungsten oxide precursor to a reducing gas at a temperature of 100° C. to 500° C. to form a composite tungsten oxide. The heat shielding material includes composite tungsten oxide doped with a group IA or IIA metal and halogen, represented by MxWOy or MxWOyAz, wherein M refers to at least one of a group IA or IIA metal, W refers to tungsten, O refers to oxygen, and A refers to a halogen element. The heat shielding material also includes a group VIIIB metal element.

Abstract: Dimming shield is designed to adapt the windshield of any motorized vehicle from clear to tint when exposed to direct sun light. Once the windshield is away from sunlight (for example the vehicle enters a parking garage or is outdoors after sunset) it will return to its clear state. The transition between clear and dark is gradual and is completed within a moment's time.

Abstract: A visor having a curved transparent plate includes a photochromic material layer detachably mounted on the transparent plate. The photochromic material layer including a photochromic pigment is provided at the convex outer side of the transparent plate and a seal element is provided at a location to maintain a certain spacing between the transparent plate and the photochromic material layer and to prevent water ingress between the two surfaces. An anti-scratch coating is applied at an outer side of the photochromic material layer.

Abstract: Disclosed are a device and a method for the design and fabrication of the device for enhancing the brightness of luminescent molecules, nanostructures, and thin films. The device includes a mirror, a dielectric medium or spacer, an absorptive layer, and a luminescent layer. The absorptive layer is a continuous thin film of a strongly absorbing organic or inorganic material. The luminescent layer may be a continuous luminescent thin film or an arrangement of isolated luminescent species, e.g., organic or metal-organic dye molecules, semiconductor quantum dots, or other semiconductor nanostructures, supported on top of the absorptive layer.

Abstract: A composite optical sheet and a backlight unit, the composite optical sheet including a first optical sheet that includes a first optical pattern; a second optical sheet that includes a second optical pattern; a first adhesive layer between the first optical sheet and the second optical sheet; and a reflective polarizing film, wherein the second optical pattern is adhered to the first adhesive layer, the reflective polarizing film has a plurality of polymer layers that have different indexes of refraction, the plurality of polymer layers being alternately stacked one above another, and the reflective polarizing film is integrated with the first optical sheet, the second optical sheet, or the first adhesive layer.

Abstract: The present invention provides an optical laminated body having a patterning polarizer layer in which a more complicated pattern can be set. The optical laminated body 1A of the present invention has a patterning polarizer layer 3A having at least two polarizing regions 31A and 32A having different single transmittances, and a substrate 2A. The two polarizing regions 31A and 32A are different in thickness.

Abstract: An optical film including a polarization layer, a first phase delay layer positioned on a side of the polarization layer and including a liquid crystal, and a second phase delay layer positioned on a side of the first phase delay layer, where the first phase delay layer has an optical axis defining an angle of about 17 degrees to about 27 degrees or about ?27 degrees to about ?17 degrees relative to a transmissive axis of the polarization layer, and the second phase delay layer has an optical axis defining an angle of about 85 degrees to about 95 degrees relative to the transmissive axis of the polarization layer.

Abstract: The present application relates to an optical film, a complex polarizing plate, and a liquid crystal display. The present application is directed to providing the optical film or complex polarizing plate, and the liquid crystal display including the same which may be effectively applied to optical compensation of various liquid crystal displays, in particular, so-called in plane switching (IPS) liquid crystal displays.

Abstract: A phase difference element that can suppress a change in retardation by tilt in a Z-axis direction has an in-plane retardation R0 and a retardation Rth in a thickness direction that satisfy 0.7×R0?Rth?1.3×R0 (R0: |Nx?Ny|×d, Rth: |((Nx+Ny)/2)?Nz|×d, Nx: refractive index in width direction, Ny: refractive index in longitudinal direction, Nz: refractive index in thickness direction, and d: element thickness).

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a light source module which includes a light source and a plurality of fibers. The light source has a light emitting surface. The fibers are arranged on the light emitting surface of the light source. Each fiber includes a light input part contacting the light emitting surface and a light output part opposite to the light input part. The light output part of each fiber extends upwardly and outwardly from the light input part for guiding light from forward to outside.

Abstract: An illumination device that illuminates a portion of an outer peripheral surface of an apparatus in a linear manner, the illumination device includes, a light guide plate, two edges of which have a predetermined distance between each other, wherein one of the edges is a light emission surface that is disposed on an outer peripheral surface side of the apparatus and the other one of the edges is a light incident surface that is disposed on an inner side of the apparatus; and at least one light source that is disposed so as to face the light incidence surface, wherein isosceles triangle shaped prisms that have the same base angles are formed in the light incident surface and the light emission surface.

Abstract: The invention described herein is a very thin flat panel LED luminaire, including a flat baseboard, a flat reflection panel, a flat acrylic panel, a flat diffusion panel, LED bar, and aluminum encasement frame which combines with the baseboard to form the chassis for the luminaire. The LED bar is placed along either or both sides of the stack. The acrylic panel is printed with a mesh-like mask pattern of dots in a pattern in which the density of the pattern is decreases the farther away from the LED bar the pattern is, differentially coupling the light from the point source LED bar from the reflection panel into the flat acrylic panel so that illumination across the luminaire is substantially uniform.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a backlight module, including a backlight frame and a light guide plate placed inside the backlight frame, wherein a light-emitting element is provided at the inner side of a side wall of the backlight frame, a first reflective sheet is provided at a lower location under the light guide plate along the vertical direction, and a second reflective sheet is provided at a lower location under the light-emitting element along the vertical direction, the second reflective sheet being extended towards the inside of the backlight frame to a lower location under the light guide plate along the vertical direction. Through providing the second reflective sheet located under the light-emitting element and extending to a lower location under the light guide plate, the light scattered out under the light-emitting element can be guided into the light guide plate, thus effectively enhancing the efficiency of incident light guided into the light guide plate from the light-emitting element.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a backlight module and a transparent display device comprising the same. The backlight module disclosed by the present invention comprises: a half-wave plate having a disposing surface; a light guide plate having a plurality of light guide units, the light guide units are adjacent to each other and are disposed on the disposing surface; and a light source irradiating a light into the light guide plate in the direction vertical to the normal line of the disposing surface.

Abstract: A light-emitting diode (LED) package and a display device having the same are disclosed. In one aspect, the display device includes a display panel and a backlight assembly including a light-emitting diode (LED) package configured to output light via an opening and a light guide plate configured to guide the emitted light to the display panel. The LED package includes a housing having a light reflecting property and including a bottom portion, a sidewall portion connected to the bottom portion, and a cover portion connected to the sidewall portion, wherein the opening is defined in the sidewall portion and faces the light guide plate. The LED package also includes a plurality of LEDs accommodated in the housing, and wherein the LEDs are arranged in a first direction extending from the light guide plate to the opening.

Abstract: A light guide plate in a backlight module includes a light guide layer, a carrier layer, and a reflection sheet. The light guide layer includes a first surface and an opposite second surface. A plurality of light guide outlets is formed on the first surface. The carrier layer includes a third surface and an opposite fourth surface. The third surface is adhered with the second surface. The carrier layer defines a receiving groove having a fifth surface parallel with the third surface. A plurality of through holes passes through the fifth surface to the third surface to expose portions of the second surface. The reflection sheet is arranged on the first surface and is aligned with the receiving groove.

Abstract: The exemplary embodiments herein disclose a backlight assembly having a light guide with a pair of opposing edges and a sliding LED subassembly placed along an edge of the light guide and attached to the light guide so that movement of the light guide causes movement of the sliding LED subassembly. In some embodiments, a first slot may be positioned within the light guide where a post extends from the sliding LED subassembly to engage with the first slot in the light guide. In some embodiments, a back pan may be positioned behind the light guide where a post can extend from the back pan to engage with a second slot in the light guide.

Abstract: An illumination apparatus includes: a light-guiding plate; a plurality of light-emitting elements disposed along a side-end surface of the light-guiding plate that serves as a light-entry portion, each of the plurality of light-emitting elements has a light-emitting surface which faces toward the light entry portion; a light source substrate, disposed and separated with a space from the light entry portion of the light-guiding plate when viewed from above, that includes a mounting surface for the plurality of light-emitting elements, the mounting surface being orthogonal to the side-end surface serving as the light entry portion; and a step portion with which an end portion of the light source substrate located toward the light-guiding plate makes contact.

Abstract: One embodiment provides a light source device 10 that efficiently emits a light. The light source device 10 comprises a light-emitting element 12 that emits an excited light having a wavelength shorter than that of a blue light and a rod 14 having a light-converting member 13 enclosed inside and emitting a white light from an outgoing part 14out, the light-converting member 13 converting the excited light that enters through an incident part 14in into a long-wavelength light having a longer wavelength, and the incident part 14in is covered with a dichroic coat 17 that transmits the excited light and reflects the long-wavelength light.

Abstract: Provided are: a prepolymer which is capable of forming a non-linear optical material that has excellent non-linear optical effect, heat resistance, withstand voltage and transparency; a curable material which contains the prepolymer; a coating composition which contains the curable material and a solvent; a non-linear optical material which is obtained by curing the curable material; an optical waveguide which uses the non-linear optical material; and a light control device which is provided with the optical waveguide. The present invention uses a prepolymer having a crosslinkable functional group, which is obtained by reacting one or more compounds (X) that are selected from the group consisting of compounds (X1), compounds (X2) and compounds (X3), a compound (Y) that is represented by formula (Y), a compound (Z) that has three or more phenolic hydroxyl groups, and an organic compound (B) that exerts a non-linear optical effect and has a reactive group.

Abstract: The glass optical waveguide body contains an optical waveguide and has undergone a chemical strengthening, and when it is used as a cover glass or the like, the glass optical waveguide body has high resistance against scratching and cracking and can enhance its design qualities by displaying an image by the optical waveguide in a state of floating.

Abstract: A method of forming an optical communication cable is provided. The cable includes a core element located in a cable jacket. The core element includes a buffer tube having an outer surface, an inner surface and a channel defined by the inner surface of the first tube. The core element includes an optical fiber located within the channel of the buffer tube and a color layer formed from a surface-deposited colorant material applied to the outer surface of the buffer tube.

Abstract: A directional coupler comprising a first and a second optical waveguide extending at least partially parallel to one another is provided. The first and the second optical waveguide are arranged on a substrate in such a way that they extend in common plane running essentially parallel to the substrate. The first and the second optical waveguide are embedded in a polymer cladding. The first optical waveguide comprises a dielectric core and the second optical waveguide comprises a polymer core, or both the first and the second optical waveguide comprise a polymer core, wherein the cross section and/or the composition of the polymer cores is different.

Abstract: A fiber optic splicing assembly is disclosed having an assembly housing and a fiber storing device. The assembly housing has a mounting side and an opposite outer facing side. The fiber storing device is removably mounted to the assembly housing, and is at least partially received in an assembly receiving passageway of a mounting wall.

Abstract: An optical connector includes a pair of optical connectors including a board-side connector and an opposite-side connector fitted with each other. The board-side connector includes an accommodating portion configured to internally fit with an opposite-side housing of the opposite-side connector and having an opening toward the front. The accommodating portion includes an elastically deformable shutter configured to elastically fall toward the back side of the accommodating portion to open the opening of the accommodating portion by being pressed by the opposite-side housing when the board-side connector and the opposite-side connector are fitted with each other. The shutter closes the opening of the accommodating portion when the housing and the opposite-side housing are detached from each other.

Abstract: An optical fiber connector includes a first component and a second component. The first component has the first receiving groove and the limiting slot connecting to the first receiving groove. The first component includes a first positioning portion. The first positioning portion is arranged into the first receiving groove. The first positioning portion has a plurality of first positioning grooves parallel to each other. The limiting slot has a plurality of receiving holes parallel to each other. Each receiving hole is corresponding to each first positioning groove. A plurality of optical fibers having the cladding layer is received into the first positioning grooves. A plurality of cores of optical fibers with the cladding layer removed is received into the receiving holes.

Abstract: A boot for an optical fiber adapter according to the present disclosure is provided. The boot includes an elastic hollow cylinder and a shape-maintainable member. The hollow cylinder defines an axial direction and the shape-maintainable member is formed on inner surfaces of the hollow cylinder. According to the present disclosure, the boot may be bent to a desired shape in subjection to an external mechanical force. When the boot is bent, the shape-maintainable member will also be bent accordingly. The boot may still be kept in the desired shape even though when the external mechanical force is removed. The boot may be bent to an original shape with an appropriate mechanical force.

Abstract: An optical coupling device includes a first and a second body. The first body receives first optical fibers. The first body has a first body optical surface and a first body partial top surface. First lenses are positioned on the first body optical surface. The second body receives second optical fibers. The second body has a second body optical surface and a second body partial top surface. Second lenses are positioned on the second body optical surface. Flexible connecting members connect the first body optical surface to the second body optical surface. When the coupling device is in a closed position, the first body partial top surface is in substantial contact with the second body partial top surface. When the coupling device is in an open position, the first body optical surface is opposite to the second body optical surface aligning the first lenses with the second lenses.

Abstract: The optical fiber connector assembly includes a first connector and a second connector. The first connector includes at least two positioning pillars corresponding to the optical fibers. The first connector defines at least two optical fiber holes for receiving and positioning the optical fiber. Each optical fiber hole passes through a distal end of a corresponding positioning pillar. The second connector defines at least two positioning holes corresponding to the positioning pillars. Each positioning hole includes an end surface in the second connector. The second connector includes at least two first lenses corresponding to the optical fibers. Each first lens is positioned on the end surface of a corresponding positioning hole. The optical fibers are respectively aligned with the first lenses by an engagement of the positioning posts and the positioning holes.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a variable optical attenuator includes a core configured to propagate optical data signals and a cladding surrounding at least part of the core and comprising a first cladding portion and a second cladding portion. An attenuating spacer between the first cladding portion and the second cladding portion is formed from a smart material. The smart material is configured to apply a force to at least one of the first cladding portion and the second cladding portion in response to an external stimulus. The smart material may be a piezoelectric material and the external stimulus may be an electrical current.